Linux kernel
============
There are several guides for kernel developers and users. These guides can
be rendered in a number of formats, like HTML and PDF. Please read
Documentation/admin-guide/README.rst first.
In order to build the documentation, use ``make htmldocs`` or
``make pdfdocs``. The formatted documentation can also be read online at:
https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/
There are various text files in the Documentation/ subdirectory,
several of them using the Restructured Text markup notation.
Please read the Documentation/process/changes.rst file, as it contains the
requirements for building and running the kernel, and information about
the problems which may result by upgrading your kernel.
Clone this repository
For self-hosted knots, clone URLs may differ based on your setup.
Download tar.gz
syzbot is reporting general protection fault in bitfill_aligned() [1]
caused by integer underflow in bit_clear_margins(). The cause of this
problem is when and how do_vc_resize() updates vc->vc_{cols,rows}.
If vc_do_resize() fails (e.g. kzalloc() fails) when var.xres or var.yres
is going to shrink, vc->vc_{cols,rows} will not be updated. This allows
bit_clear_margins() to see info->var.xres < (vc->vc_cols * cw) or
info->var.yres < (vc->vc_rows * ch). Unexpectedly large rw or bh will
try to overrun the __iomem region and causes general protection fault.
Also, vc_resize(vc, 0, 0) does not set vc->vc_{cols,rows} = 0 due to
new_cols = (cols ? cols : vc->vc_cols);
new_rows = (lines ? lines : vc->vc_rows);
exception. Since cols and lines are calculated as
cols = FBCON_SWAP(ops->rotate, info->var.xres, info->var.yres);
rows = FBCON_SWAP(ops->rotate, info->var.yres, info->var.xres);
cols /= vc->vc_font.width;
rows /= vc->vc_font.height;
vc_resize(vc, cols, rows);
in fbcon_modechanged(), var.xres < vc->vc_font.width makes cols = 0
and var.yres < vc->vc_font.height makes rows = 0. This means that
const int fd = open("/dev/fb0", O_ACCMODE);
struct fb_var_screeninfo var = { };
ioctl(fd, FBIOGET_VSCREENINFO, &var);
var.xres = var.yres = 1;
ioctl(fd, FBIOPUT_VSCREENINFO, &var);
easily reproduces integer underflow bug explained above.
Of course, callers of vc_resize() are not handling vc_do_resize() failure
is bad. But we can't avoid vc_resize(vc, 0, 0) which returns 0. Therefore,
as a band-aid workaround, this patch checks integer underflow in
"struct fbcon_ops"->clear_margins call, assuming that
vc->vc_cols * vc->vc_font.width and vc->vc_rows * vc->vc_font.heigh do not
cause integer overflow.
[1] https://syzkaller.appspot.com/bug?id=a565882df74fa76f10d3a6fec4be31098dbb37c6
Reported-and-tested-by: syzbot <syzbot+e5fd3e65515b48c02a30@syzkaller.appspotmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Acked-by: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>
Cc: stable <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200715015102.3814-1-penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Commit 7b668c064ec3 ("serial: 8250: Fix max baud limit in generic 8250
port") fixed limits of a baud rate setting for a generic 8250 port.
In other words since that commit the baud rate has been permitted to be
within [uartclk / 16 / UART_DIV_MAX; uartclk / 16], which is absolutely
normal for a standard 8250 UART port. But there are custom 8250 ports,
which provide extended baud rate limits. In particular the Mediatek 8250
port can work with baud rates up to "uartclk" speed.
Normally that and any other peculiarity is supposed to be handled in a
custom set_termios() callback implemented in the vendor-specific
8250-port glue-driver. Currently that is how it's done for the most of
the vendor-specific 8250 ports, but for some reason for Mediatek a
solution has been spread out to both the glue-driver and to the generic
8250-port code. Due to that a bug has been introduced, which permitted the
extended baud rate limit for all even for standard 8250-ports. The bug
has been fixed by the commit 7b668c064ec3 ("serial: 8250: Fix max baud
limit in generic 8250 port") by narrowing the baud rates limit back down to
the normal bounds. Unfortunately by doing so we also broke the
Mediatek-specific extended bauds feature.
A fix of the problem described above is twofold. First since we can't get
back the extended baud rate limits feature to the generic set_termios()
function and that method supports only a standard baud rates range, the
requested baud rate must be locally stored before calling it and then
restored back to the new termios structure after the generic set_termios()
finished its magic business. By doing so we still use the
serial8250_do_set_termios() method to set the LCR/MCR/FCR/etc. registers,
while the extended baud rate setting procedure will be performed later in
the custom Mediatek-specific set_termios() callback. Second since a true
baud rate is now fully calculated in the custom set_termios() method we
need to locally update the port timeout by calling the
uart_update_timeout() function. After the fixes described above are
implemented in the 8250_mtk.c driver, the Mediatek 8250-port should
get back to normally working with extended baud rates.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-serial/20200701211337.3027448-1-danielwinkler@google.com
Fixes: 7b668c064ec3 ("serial: 8250: Fix max baud limit in generic 8250 port")
Reported-by: Daniel Winkler <danielwinkler@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Serge Semin <Sergey.Semin@baikalelectronics.ru>
Cc: stable <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Tested-by: Claire Chang <tientzu@chromium.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200714124113.20918-1-Sergey.Semin@baikalelectronics.ru
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
I got null-ptr-deref in serial8250_start_tx():
[ 78.114630] Unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at virtual address 0000000000000000
[ 78.123778] Mem abort info:
[ 78.126560] ESR = 0x86000007
[ 78.129603] EC = 0x21: IABT (current EL), IL = 32 bits
[ 78.134891] SET = 0, FnV = 0
[ 78.137933] EA = 0, S1PTW = 0
[ 78.141064] user pgtable: 64k pages, 48-bit VAs, pgdp=00000027d41a8600
[ 78.147562] [0000000000000000] pgd=00000027893f0003, p4d=00000027893f0003, pud=00000027893f0003, pmd=00000027c9a20003, pte=0000000000000000
[ 78.160029] Internal error: Oops: 86000007 [#1] SMP
[ 78.164886] Modules linked in: sunrpc vfat fat aes_ce_blk crypto_simd cryptd aes_ce_cipher crct10dif_ce ghash_ce sha2_ce sha256_arm64 sha1_ce ses enclosure sg sbsa_gwdt ipmi_ssif spi_dw_mmio sch_fq_codel vhost_net tun vhost vhost_iotlb tap ip_tables ext4 mbcache jbd2 ahci hisi_sas_v3_hw libahci hisi_sas_main libsas hns3 scsi_transport_sas hclge libata megaraid_sas ipmi_si hnae3 ipmi_devintf ipmi_msghandler br_netfilter bridge stp llc nvme nvme_core xt_sctp sctp libcrc32c dm_mod nbd
[ 78.207383] CPU: 11 PID: 23258 Comm: null-ptr Not tainted 5.8.0-rc6+ #48
[ 78.214056] Hardware name: Huawei TaiShan 2280 V2/BC82AMDC, BIOS 2280-V2 CS V3.B210.01 03/12/2020
[ 78.222888] pstate: 80400089 (Nzcv daIf +PAN -UAO BTYPE=--)
[ 78.228435] pc : 0x0
[ 78.230618] lr : serial8250_start_tx+0x160/0x260
[ 78.235215] sp : ffff800062eefb80
[ 78.238517] x29: ffff800062eefb80 x28: 0000000000000fff
[ 78.243807] x27: ffff800062eefd80 x26: ffff202fd83b3000
[ 78.249098] x25: ffff800062eefd80 x24: ffff202fd83b3000
[ 78.254388] x23: ffff002fc5e50be8 x22: 0000000000000002
[ 78.259679] x21: 0000000000000001 x20: 0000000000000000
[ 78.264969] x19: ffffa688827eecc8 x18: 0000000000000000
[ 78.270259] x17: 0000000000000000 x16: 0000000000000000
[ 78.275550] x15: ffffa68881bc67a8 x14: 00000000000002e6
[ 78.280841] x13: ffffa68881bc67a8 x12: 000000000000c539
[ 78.286131] x11: d37a6f4de9bd37a7 x10: ffffa68881cccff0
[ 78.291421] x9 : ffffa68881bc6000 x8 : ffffa688819daa88
[ 78.296711] x7 : ffffa688822a0f20 x6 : ffffa688819e0000
[ 78.302002] x5 : ffff800062eef9d0 x4 : ffffa68881e707a8
[ 78.307292] x3 : 0000000000000000 x2 : 0000000000000002
[ 78.312582] x1 : 0000000000000001 x0 : ffffa688827eecc8
[ 78.317873] Call trace:
[ 78.320312] 0x0
[ 78.322147] __uart_start.isra.9+0x64/0x78
[ 78.326229] uart_start+0xb8/0x1c8
[ 78.329620] uart_flush_chars+0x24/0x30
[ 78.333442] n_tty_receive_buf_common+0x7b0/0xc30
[ 78.338128] n_tty_receive_buf+0x44/0x2c8
[ 78.342122] tty_ioctl+0x348/0x11f8
[ 78.345599] ksys_ioctl+0xd8/0xf8
[ 78.348903] __arm64_sys_ioctl+0x2c/0xc8
[ 78.352812] el0_svc_common.constprop.2+0x88/0x1b0
[ 78.357583] do_el0_svc+0x44/0xd0
[ 78.360887] el0_sync_handler+0x14c/0x1d0
[ 78.364880] el0_sync+0x140/0x180
[ 78.368185] Code: bad PC value
SERIAL_PORT_DFNS is not defined on each arch, if it's not defined,
serial8250_set_defaults() won't be called in serial8250_isa_init_ports(),
so the p->serial_in pointer won't be initialized, and it leads a null-ptr-deref.
Fix this problem by calling serial8250_set_defaults() after init uart port.
Signed-off-by: Yang Yingliang <yangyingliang@huawei.com>
Cc: stable <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200721143852.4058352-1-yangyingliang@huawei.com
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
The struct tty_port is part of the uart state and will never be NULL in
the receive helpers. Drop the bogus NULL checks and rename the
pointer-variables "port" to differentiate them from struct tty_struct
pointers (which can be NULL).
Fixes: 962963e4ee23 ("serial: tegra: Switch to using struct tty_port")
Signed-off-by: Johan Hovold <johan@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Thierry Reding <treding@nvidia.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200710135947.2737-3-johan@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Commit 33ae787b74fc ("serial: tegra: add support to ignore read") added
support for dropping input in case CREAD isn't set, but for PIO the
ignore_status_mask wasn't checked until after the character had been
put in the receive buffer.
Note that the NULL tty-port test is bogus and will be removed by a
follow-on patch.
Fixes: 33ae787b74fc ("serial: tegra: add support to ignore read")
Cc: stable <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 5.4
Cc: Shardar Shariff Md <smohammed@nvidia.com>
Cc: Krishna Yarlagadda <kyarlagadda@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Johan Hovold <johan@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Thierry Reding <treding@nvidia.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200710135947.2737-2-johan@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
The problems started with the revert (18cc7ac8a28e28). The
cdns_uart_console.index is statically assigned -1. When the port is
registered, Linux assigns consecutive numbers to it. It turned out that
when using ttyPS1 as console, the index is not updated as we are reusing
the same cdns_uart_console instance for multiple ports. When registering
ttyPS0, it gets updated from -1 to 0, but when registering ttyPS1, it
already is 0 and not updated.
That led to 2ae11c46d5fdc4. It assigns the index prior to registering
the uart_driver once. Unfortunately, that ended up breaking the
situation where the probe order does not match the id order. When using
the same device tree for both uboot and linux, it is important that the
serial0 alias points to the console. So some boards reverse those
aliases. This was reported by Jan Kiszka. The proposed fix was reverting
the index assignment and going back to the previous iteration.
However such a reversed assignement (serial0 -> uart1, serial1 -> uart0)
was already partially broken by the revert (18cc7ac8a28e28). While the
ttyPS device works, the kmsg connection is already broken and kernel
messages go missing. Reverting the id assignment does not fix this.
>From the xilinx_uartps driver pov (after reverting the refactoring
commits), there can be only one console. This manifests in static
variables console_pprt and cdns_uart_console. These variables are not
properly linked and can go out of sync. The cdns_uart_console.index is
important for uart_add_one_port. We call that function for each port -
one of which hopefully is the console. If it isn't, the CON_ENABLED flag
is not set and console_port is cleared. The next cdns_uart_probe call
then tries to register the next port using that same cdns_uart_console.
It is important that console_port and cdns_uart_console (and its index
in particular) stay in sync. The index assignment implemented by
Shubhrajyoti Datta is correct in principle. It just may have to happen a
second time if the first cdns_uart_probe call didn't encounter the
console device. And we shouldn't change the index once the console uart
is registered.
Reported-by: Shubhrajyoti Datta <shubhrajyoti.datta@xilinx.com>
Reported-by: Jan Kiszka <jan.kiszka@web.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-serial/f4092727-d8f5-5f91-2c9f-76643aace993@siemens.com/
Fixes: 18cc7ac8a28e28 ("Revert "serial: uartps: Register own uart console and driver structures"")
Fixes: 2ae11c46d5fdc4 ("tty: xilinx_uartps: Fix missing id assignment to the console")
Fixes: 76ed2e10579671 ("Revert "tty: xilinx_uartps: Fix missing id assignment to the console"")
Signed-off-by: Helmut Grohne <helmut.grohne@intenta.de>
Cc: stable <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200713073227.GA3805@laureti-dev
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
syzbot is reporting general protection fault in do_con_write() [1] caused
by vc->vc_screenbuf == ZERO_SIZE_PTR caused by vc->vc_screenbuf_size == 0
caused by vc->vc_cols == vc->vc_rows == vc->vc_size_row == 0 caused by
fb_set_var() from ioctl(FBIOPUT_VSCREENINFO) on /dev/fb0 , for
gotoxy(vc, 0, 0) from reset_terminal() from vc_init() from vc_allocate()
from con_install() from tty_init_dev() from tty_open() on such console
causes vc->vc_pos == 0x10000000e due to
((unsigned long) ZERO_SIZE_PTR) + -1U * 0 + (-1U << 1).
I don't think that a console with 0 column or 0 row makes sense. And it
seems that vc_do_resize() does not intend to allow resizing a console to
0 column or 0 row due to
new_cols = (cols ? cols : vc->vc_cols);
new_rows = (lines ? lines : vc->vc_rows);
exception.
Theoretically, cols and rows can be any range as long as
0 < cols * rows * 2 <= KMALLOC_MAX_SIZE is satisfied (e.g.
cols == 1048576 && rows == 2 is possible) because of
vc->vc_size_row = vc->vc_cols << 1;
vc->vc_screenbuf_size = vc->vc_rows * vc->vc_size_row;
in visual_init() and kzalloc(vc->vc_screenbuf_size) in vc_allocate().
Since we can detect cols == 0 or rows == 0 via screenbuf_size = 0 in
visual_init(), we can reject kzalloc(0). Then, vc_allocate() will return
an error, and con_write() will not be called on a console with 0 column
or 0 row.
We need to make sure that integer overflow in visual_init() won't happen.
Since vc_do_resize() restricts cols <= 32767 and rows <= 32767, applying
1 <= cols <= 32767 and 1 <= rows <= 32767 restrictions to vc_allocate()
will be practically fine.
This patch does not touch con_init(), for returning -EINVAL there
does not help when we are not returning -ENOMEM.
[1] https://syzkaller.appspot.com/bug?extid=017265e8553724e514e8
Reported-and-tested-by: syzbot <syzbot+017265e8553724e514e8@syzkaller.appspotmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: stable <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200712111013.11881-1-penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Pull perf tooling fixes from Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo:
- Update hashmap.h from libbpf and kvm.h from x86's kernel UAPI.
- Set opt->set in libsubcmd's OPT_CALLBACK_SET(). This fixes
'perf record --switch-output-event event-name' usage"
* tag 'perf-tools-fixes-2020-07-19' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/acme/linux:
tools arch kvm: Sync kvm headers with the kernel sources
perf tools: Sync hashmap.h with libbpf's
libsubcmd: Fix OPT_CALLBACK_SET()
Pull x86 fixes from Thomas Gleixner:
"A pile of fixes for x86:
- Fix the I/O bitmap invalidation on XEN PV, which was overlooked in
the recent ioperm/iopl rework. This caused the TSS and XEN's I/O
bitmap to get out of sync.
- Use the proper vectors for HYPERV.
- Make disabling of stack protector for the entry code work with GCC
builds which enable stack protector by default. Removing the option
is not sufficient, it needs an explicit -fno-stack-protector to
shut it off.
- Mark check_user_regs() noinstr as it is called from noinstr code.
The missing annotation causes it to be placed in the text section
which makes it instrumentable.
- Add the missing interrupt disable in exc_alignment_check()
- Fixup a XEN_PV build dependency in the 32bit entry code
- A few fixes to make the Clang integrated assembler happy
- Move EFI stub build to the right place for out of tree builds
- Make prepare_exit_to_usermode() static. It's not longer called from
ASM code"
* tag 'x86-urgent-2020-07-19' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
x86/boot: Don't add the EFI stub to targets
x86/entry: Actually disable stack protector
x86/ioperm: Fix io bitmap invalidation on Xen PV
x86: math-emu: Fix up 'cmp' insn for clang ias
x86/entry: Fix vectors to IDTENTRY_SYSVEC for CONFIG_HYPERV
x86/entry: Add compatibility with IAS
x86/entry/common: Make prepare_exit_to_usermode() static
x86/entry: Mark check_user_regs() noinstr
x86/traps: Disable interrupts in exc_aligment_check()
x86/entry/32: Fix XEN_PV build dependency
To pick up the changes from:
83d31e5271ac ("KVM: nVMX: fixes for preemption timer migration")
That don't entail changes in tooling.
This silences these tools/perf build warnings:
Warning: Kernel ABI header at 'tools/arch/x86/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h' differs from latest version at 'arch/x86/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h'
diff -u tools/arch/x86/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h arch/x86/include/uapi/asm/kvm.h
Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Pull timer fixes from Thomas Gleixner:
"Two fixes for the timer wheel:
- A timer which is already expired at enqueue time can set the
base->next_expiry value backwards. As a consequence base->clk can
be set back as well. This can lead to timers expiring early. Add a
sanity check to prevent this.
- When a timer is queued with an expiry time beyond the wheel
capacity then it should be queued in the bucket of the last wheel
level which is expiring last.
The code adjusted the expiry time to the maximum wheel capacity,
which is only correct when the wheel clock is 0. Aside of that the
check whether the delta is larger than wheel capacity does not
check the delta, it checks the expiry value itself. As a result
timers can expire at random.
Fix this by checking the right variable and adjust expiry time so
it becomes base->clock plus capacity which places it into the
outmost bucket in the last wheel level"
* tag 'timers-urgent-2020-07-19' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
timer: Fix wheel index calculation on last level
timer: Prevent base->clk from moving backward
vmlinux-objs-y is added to targets, which currently means that the EFI
stub gets added to the targets as well. It shouldn't be added since it
is built elsewhere.
This confuses Makefile.build which interprets the EFI stub as a target
$(obj)/$(objtree)/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/lib.a
and will create drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/ underneath
arch/x86/boot/compressed, to hold this supposed target, if building
out-of-tree. [0]
Fix this by pulling the stub out of vmlinux-objs-y into efi-obj-y.
[0] See scripts/Makefile.build near the end:
# Create directories for object files if they do not exist
Signed-off-by: Arvind Sankar <nivedita@alum.mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200715032631.1562882-1-nivedita@alum.mit.edu