ALSA: core: sparse cleanups

Change the core code where sparse complains. In most cases, this means
just adding annotations to confirm that we indeed want to do the dirty
things we're doing.

Signed-off-by: Clemens Ladisch <[e-mail]>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <[e-mail]>

include/sound/mixer_oss.h

···
 	struct snd_mixer_oss *mixer;
 };
 
+int snd_mixer_oss_ioctl_card(struct snd_card *card,
+			     unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg);
+
 #endif /* CONFIG_SND_MIXER_OSS */
 
 #endif /* __SOUND_MIXER_OSS_H */

include/sound/pcm.h

···
 					 SNDRV_PCM_RATE_88200|SNDRV_PCM_RATE_96000)
 #define SNDRV_PCM_RATE_8000_192000	(SNDRV_PCM_RATE_8000_96000|SNDRV_PCM_RATE_176400|\
 					 SNDRV_PCM_RATE_192000)
-#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S8		(1ULL << SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S8)
-#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U8		(1ULL << SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_U8)
-#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE		(1ULL << SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S16_LE)
-#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_BE		(1ULL << SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S16_BE)
-#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U16_LE		(1ULL << SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_U16_LE)
-#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U16_BE		(1ULL << SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_U16_BE)
-#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S24_LE		(1ULL << SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S24_LE)
-#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S24_BE		(1ULL << SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S24_BE)
-#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U24_LE		(1ULL << SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_U24_LE)
-#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U24_BE		(1ULL << SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_U24_BE)
-#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S32_LE		(1ULL << SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S32_LE)
-#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S32_BE		(1ULL << SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S32_BE)
-#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U32_LE		(1ULL << SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_U32_LE)
-#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U32_BE		(1ULL << SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_U32_BE)
-#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_FLOAT_LE	(1ULL << SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_FLOAT_LE)
-#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_FLOAT_BE	(1ULL << SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_FLOAT_BE)
-#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_FLOAT64_LE	(1ULL << SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_FLOAT64_LE)
-#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_FLOAT64_BE	(1ULL << SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_FLOAT64_BE)
-#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_IEC958_SUBFRAME_LE (1ULL << SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_IEC958_SUBFRAME_LE)
-#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_IEC958_SUBFRAME_BE (1ULL << SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_IEC958_SUBFRAME_BE)
-#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_MU_LAW		(1ULL << SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_MU_LAW)
-#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_A_LAW		(1ULL << SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_A_LAW)
-#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_IMA_ADPCM	(1ULL << SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_IMA_ADPCM)
-#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_MPEG		(1ULL << SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_MPEG)
-#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_GSM		(1ULL << SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_GSM)
-#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_SPECIAL	(1ULL << SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_SPECIAL)
-#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S24_3LE	(1ULL << SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S24_3LE)
-#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U24_3LE	(1ULL << SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_U24_3LE)
-#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S24_3BE	(1ULL << SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S24_3BE)
-#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U24_3BE	(1ULL << SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_U24_3BE)
-#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S20_3LE	(1ULL << SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S20_3LE)
-#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U20_3LE	(1ULL << SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_U20_3LE)
-#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S20_3BE	(1ULL << SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S20_3BE)
-#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U20_3BE	(1ULL << SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_U20_3BE)
-#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S18_3LE	(1ULL << SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S18_3LE)
-#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U18_3LE	(1ULL << SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_U18_3LE)
-#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S18_3BE	(1ULL << SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S18_3BE)
-#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U18_3BE	(1ULL << SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_U18_3BE)
-#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_G723_24	(1ULL << SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_G723_24)
-#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_G723_24_1B	(1ULL << SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_G723_24_1B)
-#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_G723_40	(1ULL << SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_G723_40)
-#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_G723_40_1B	(1ULL << SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_G723_40_1B)
+#define _SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT(fmt)		(1ULL << (__force int)SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_##fmt)
+#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S8		_SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT(S8)
+#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U8		_SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT(U8)
+#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE		_SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT(S16_LE)
+#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_BE		_SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT(S16_BE)
+#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U16_LE		_SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT(U16_LE)
+#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U16_BE		_SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT(U16_BE)
+#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S24_LE		_SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT(S24_LE)
+#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S24_BE		_SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT(S24_BE)
+#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U24_LE		_SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT(U24_LE)
+#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U24_BE		_SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT(U24_BE)
+#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S32_LE		_SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT(S32_LE)
+#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S32_BE		_SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT(S32_BE)
+#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U32_LE		_SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT(U32_LE)
+#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U32_BE		_SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT(U32_BE)
+#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_FLOAT_LE	_SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT(FLOAT_LE)
+#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_FLOAT_BE	_SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT(FLOAT_BE)
+#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_FLOAT64_LE	_SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT(FLOAT64_LE)
+#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_FLOAT64_BE	_SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT(FLOAT64_BE)
+#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_IEC958_SUBFRAME_LE _SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT(IEC958_SUBFRAME_LE)
+#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_IEC958_SUBFRAME_BE _SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT(IEC958_SUBFRAME_BE)
+#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_MU_LAW		_SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT(MU_LAW)
+#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_A_LAW		_SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT(A_LAW)
+#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_IMA_ADPCM	_SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT(IMA_ADPCM)
+#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_MPEG		_SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT(MPEG)
+#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_GSM		_SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT(GSM)
+#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_SPECIAL	_SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT(SPECIAL)
+#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S24_3LE	_SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT(S24_3LE)
+#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U24_3LE	_SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT(U24_3LE)
+#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S24_3BE	_SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT(S24_3BE)
+#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U24_3BE	_SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT(U24_3BE)
+#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S20_3LE	_SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT(S20_3LE)
+#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U20_3LE	_SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT(U20_3LE)
+#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S20_3BE	_SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT(S20_3BE)
+#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U20_3BE	_SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT(U20_3BE)
+#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S18_3LE	_SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT(S18_3LE)
+#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U18_3LE	_SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT(U18_3LE)
+#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S18_3BE	_SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT(S18_3BE)
+#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U18_3BE	_SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT(U18_3BE)
+#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_G723_24	_SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT(G723_24)
+#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_G723_24_1B	_SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT(G723_24_1B)
+#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_G723_40	_SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT(G723_40)
+#define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_G723_40_1B	_SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT(G723_40_1B)
 
 #ifdef SNDRV_LITTLE_ENDIAN
 #define SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16		SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE
···
 int snd_pcm_status(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
 		   struct snd_pcm_status *status);
 int snd_pcm_start(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream);
-int snd_pcm_stop(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int status);
+int snd_pcm_stop(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, snd_pcm_state_t status);
 int snd_pcm_drain_done(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream);
 #ifdef CONFIG_PM
 int snd_pcm_suspend(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream);
···
 	return &params->intervals[var - SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FIRST_INTERVAL];
 }
 
-#define params_access(p) snd_mask_min(hw_param_mask((p), SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_ACCESS))
-#define params_format(p) snd_mask_min(hw_param_mask((p), SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FORMAT))
+#define params_access(p) ((__force snd_pcm_access_t)snd_mask_min(hw_param_mask((p), SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_ACCESS)))
+#define params_format(p) ((__force snd_pcm_format_t)snd_mask_min(hw_param_mask((p), SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FORMAT)))
 #define params_subformat(p) snd_mask_min(hw_param_mask((p), SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_SUBFORMAT))
 #define params_channels(p) hw_param_interval((p), SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS)->min
 #define params_rate(p) hw_param_interval((p), SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE)->min

sound/core/device.c

···
 {
 	struct snd_device *dev;
 	int err;
-	unsigned int range_low, range_high;
+	unsigned int range_low, range_high, type;
 
 	if (snd_BUG_ON(!card))
 		return -ENXIO;
-	range_low = cmd * SNDRV_DEV_TYPE_RANGE_SIZE;
+	range_low = (__force unsigned int)cmd * SNDRV_DEV_TYPE_RANGE_SIZE;
 	range_high = range_low + SNDRV_DEV_TYPE_RANGE_SIZE - 1;
       __again:
 	list_for_each_entry(dev, &card->devices, list) {
-		if (dev->type >= range_low && dev->type <= range_high) {
+		type = (__force unsigned int)dev->type;
+		if (type >= range_low && type <= range_high) {
 			if ((err = snd_device_free(card, dev->device_data)) < 0)
 				return err;
 			goto __again;

sound/core/memalloc.c

···
 	dmab->bytes = 0;
 	switch (type) {
 	case SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_CONTINUOUS:
-		dmab->area = snd_malloc_pages(size, (unsigned long)device);
+		dmab->area = snd_malloc_pages(size,
+					(__force gfp_t)(unsigned long)device);
 		dmab->addr = 0;
 		break;
 #ifdef CONFIG_HAS_DMA

sound/core/oss/linear.c

···
 	return frames;
 }
 
-static void init_data(struct linear_priv *data, int src_format, int dst_format)
+static void init_data(struct linear_priv *data,
+		      snd_pcm_format_t src_format, snd_pcm_format_t dst_format)
 {
 	int src_le, dst_le, src_bytes, dst_bytes;
 
···
 	if (snd_pcm_format_signed(src_format) !=
 	    snd_pcm_format_signed(dst_format)) {
 		if (dst_le)
-			data->flip = cpu_to_le32(0x80000000);
+			data->flip = (__force u32)cpu_to_le32(0x80000000);
 		else
-			data->flip = cpu_to_be32(0x80000000);
+			data->flip = (__force u32)cpu_to_be32(0x80000000);
 	}
 }
 

sound/core/oss/mixer_oss.c

···
 		return -EIO;
 	if (mixer->put_recsrc && mixer->get_recsrc) {	/* exclusive */
 		int err;
-		if ((err = mixer->get_recsrc(fmixer, &result)) < 0)
+		unsigned int index;
+		if ((err = mixer->get_recsrc(fmixer, &index)) < 0)
 			return err;
-		result = 1 << result;
+		result = 1 << index;
 	} else {
 		struct snd_mixer_oss_slot *pslot;
 		int chn;
···
 	struct snd_mixer_oss *mixer = fmixer->mixer;
 	struct snd_mixer_oss_slot *pslot;
 	int chn, active;
+	unsigned int index;
 	int result = 0;
 
 	if (mixer == NULL)
···
 		if (recsrc & ~mixer->oss_recsrc)
 			recsrc &= ~mixer->oss_recsrc;
 		mixer->put_recsrc(fmixer, ffz(~recsrc));
-		mixer->get_recsrc(fmixer, &result);
-		result = 1 << result;
+		mixer->get_recsrc(fmixer, &index);
+		result = 1 << index;
 	}
 	for (chn = 0; chn < 31; chn++) {
 		pslot = &mixer->slots[chn];

sound/core/oss/mulaw.c

···
 	return frames;
 }
 
-static void init_data(struct mulaw_priv *data, int format)
+static void init_data(struct mulaw_priv *data, snd_pcm_format_t format)
 {
 #ifdef SNDRV_LITTLE_ENDIAN
 	data->cvt_endian = snd_pcm_format_big_endian(format) > 0;

sound/core/oss/pcm_oss.c

···
 #include <sound/info.h>
 #include <linux/soundcard.h>
 #include <sound/initval.h>
+#include <sound/mixer_oss.h>
 
 #define OSS_ALSAEMULVER		_SIOR ('M', 249, int)
 
···
 MODULE_ALIAS_SNDRV_MINOR(SNDRV_MINOR_OSS_PCM);
 MODULE_ALIAS_SNDRV_MINOR(SNDRV_MINOR_OSS_PCM1);
 
-extern int snd_mixer_oss_ioctl_card(struct snd_card *card, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg);
 static int snd_pcm_oss_get_rate(struct snd_pcm_oss_file *pcm_oss_file);
 static int snd_pcm_oss_get_channels(struct snd_pcm_oss_file *pcm_oss_file);
 static int snd_pcm_oss_get_format(struct snd_pcm_oss_file *pcm_oss_file);
···
 #define AFMT_AC3         0x00000400
 #define AFMT_VORBIS      0x00000800
 
-static int snd_pcm_oss_format_from(int format)
+static snd_pcm_format_t snd_pcm_oss_format_from(int format)
 {
 	switch (format) {
 	case AFMT_MU_LAW:	return SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_MU_LAW;
···
 	}
 }
 
-static int snd_pcm_oss_format_to(int format)
+static int snd_pcm_oss_format_to(snd_pcm_format_t format)
 {
 	switch (format) {
 	case SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_MU_LAW:	return AFMT_MU_LAW;
···
 	size_t oss_frame_size;
 	int err;
 	int direct;
-	int format, sformat, n;
+	snd_pcm_format_t format, sformat;
+	int n;
 	struct snd_mask sformat_mask;
 	struct snd_mask mask;
 
···
 	_snd_pcm_hw_param_min(sparams, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS, 2, 0);
 	snd_mask_none(&mask);
 	if (atomic_read(&substream->mmap_count))
-		snd_mask_set(&mask, SNDRV_PCM_ACCESS_MMAP_INTERLEAVED);
+		snd_mask_set(&mask, (__force int)SNDRV_PCM_ACCESS_MMAP_INTERLEAVED);
 	else {
-		snd_mask_set(&mask, SNDRV_PCM_ACCESS_RW_INTERLEAVED);
+		snd_mask_set(&mask, (__force int)SNDRV_PCM_ACCESS_RW_INTERLEAVED);
 		if (!direct)
-			snd_mask_set(&mask, SNDRV_PCM_ACCESS_RW_NONINTERLEAVED);
+			snd_mask_set(&mask, (__force int)SNDRV_PCM_ACCESS_RW_NONINTERLEAVED);
 	}
 	err = snd_pcm_hw_param_mask(substream, sparams, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_ACCESS, &mask);
 	if (err < 0) {
···
 	else
 		sformat = snd_pcm_plug_slave_format(format, &sformat_mask);
 
-	if (sformat < 0 || !snd_mask_test(&sformat_mask, sformat)) {
-		for (sformat = 0; sformat <= SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_LAST; sformat++) {
-			if (snd_mask_test(&sformat_mask, sformat) &&
+	if ((__force int)sformat < 0 ||
+	    !snd_mask_test(&sformat_mask, (__force int)sformat)) {
+		for (sformat = (__force snd_pcm_format_t)0;
+		     (__force int)sformat <= (__force int)SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_LAST;
+		     sformat = (__force snd_pcm_format_t)((__force int)sformat + 1)) {
+			if (snd_mask_test(&sformat_mask, (__force int)sformat) &&
 			    snd_pcm_oss_format_to(sformat) >= 0)
 				break;
 		}
-		if (sformat > SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_LAST) {
+		if ((__force int)sformat > (__force int)SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_LAST) {
 			snd_printd("Cannot find a format!!!\n");
 			err = -EINVAL;
 			goto failure;
 		}
 	}
-	err = _snd_pcm_hw_param_set(sparams, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FORMAT, sformat, 0);
+	err = _snd_pcm_hw_param_set(sparams, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FORMAT, (__force int)sformat, 0);
 	if (err < 0)
 		goto failure;
 
···
 	} else {
 		_snd_pcm_hw_params_any(params);
 		_snd_pcm_hw_param_set(params, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_ACCESS,
-				      SNDRV_PCM_ACCESS_RW_INTERLEAVED, 0);
+				      (__force int)SNDRV_PCM_ACCESS_RW_INTERLEAVED, 0);
 		_snd_pcm_hw_param_set(params, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_FORMAT,
-				      snd_pcm_oss_format_from(runtime->oss.format), 0);
+				      (__force int)snd_pcm_oss_format_from(runtime->oss.format), 0);
 		_snd_pcm_hw_param_set(params, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS,
 				      runtime->oss.channels, 0);
 		_snd_pcm_hw_param_set(params, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE,
···
 		if (in_kernel) {
 			mm_segment_t fs;
 			fs = snd_enter_user();
-			ret = snd_pcm_lib_write(substream, (void __user *)ptr, frames);
+			ret = snd_pcm_lib_write(substream, (void __force __user *)ptr, frames);
 			snd_leave_user(fs);
 		} else {
-			ret = snd_pcm_lib_write(substream, (void __user *)ptr, frames);
+			ret = snd_pcm_lib_write(substream, (void __force __user *)ptr, frames);
 		}
 		if (ret != -EPIPE && ret != -ESTRPIPE)
 			break;
···
 		if (in_kernel) {
 			mm_segment_t fs;
 			fs = snd_enter_user();
-			ret = snd_pcm_lib_read(substream, (void __user *)ptr, frames);
+			ret = snd_pcm_lib_read(substream, (void __force __user *)ptr, frames);
 			snd_leave_user(fs);
 		} else {
-			ret = snd_pcm_lib_read(substream, (void __user *)ptr, frames);
+			ret = snd_pcm_lib_read(substream, (void __force __user *)ptr, frames);
 		}
 		if (ret == -EPIPE) {
 			if (runtime->status->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_DRAINING) {
···
 		struct snd_pcm_plugin_channel *channels;
 		size_t oss_frame_bytes = (runtime->oss.plugin_first->src_width * runtime->oss.plugin_first->src_format.channels) / 8;
 		if (!in_kernel) {
-			if (copy_from_user(runtime->oss.buffer, (const char __user *)buf, bytes))
+			if (copy_from_user(runtime->oss.buffer, (const char __force __user *)buf, bytes))
 				return -EFAULT;
 			buf = runtime->oss.buffer;
 		}
···
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
 	snd_pcm_sframes_t frames, frames1;
 #ifdef CONFIG_SND_PCM_OSS_PLUGINS
-	char __user *final_dst = (char __user *)buf;
+	char __user *final_dst = (char __force __user *)buf;
 	if (runtime->oss.plugin_first) {
 		struct snd_pcm_plugin_channel *channels;
 		size_t oss_frame_bytes = (runtime->oss.plugin_last->dst_width * runtime->oss.plugin_last->dst_format.channels) / 8;
···
 {
 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime;
 	ssize_t result = 0;
+	snd_pcm_state_t state;
 	long res;
 	wait_queue_t wait;
 
···
 		result = 0;
 		set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
 		snd_pcm_stream_lock_irq(substream);
-		res = runtime->status->state;
+		state = runtime->status->state;
 		snd_pcm_stream_unlock_irq(substream);
-		if (res != SNDRV_PCM_STATE_RUNNING) {
+		if (state != SNDRV_PCM_STATE_RUNNING) {
 			set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
 			break;
 		}
···
 								   size1);
 					size1 /= runtime->channels; /* frames */
 					fs = snd_enter_user();
-					snd_pcm_lib_write(substream, (void __user *)runtime->oss.buffer, size1);
+					snd_pcm_lib_write(substream, (void __force __user *)runtime->oss.buffer, size1);
 					snd_leave_user(fs);
 				}
 			} else if (runtime->access == SNDRV_PCM_ACCESS_RW_NONINTERLEAVED) {

sound/core/oss/pcm_plugin.c

···
 	return frames;
 }
 
-static int snd_pcm_plug_formats(struct snd_mask *mask, int format)
+static int snd_pcm_plug_formats(struct snd_mask *mask, snd_pcm_format_t format)
 {
 	struct snd_mask formats = *mask;
 	u64 linfmts = (SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U8 | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S8 |
···
 		       SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U24_3BE | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S24_3BE |
 		       SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U32_LE | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S32_LE |
 		       SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U32_BE | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S32_BE);
-	snd_mask_set(&formats, SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_MU_LAW);
+	snd_mask_set(&formats, (__force int)SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_MU_LAW);
 	
 	if (formats.bits[0] & (u32)linfmts)
 		formats.bits[0] |= (u32)linfmts;
 	if (formats.bits[1] & (u32)(linfmts >> 32))
 		formats.bits[1] |= (u32)(linfmts >> 32);
-	return snd_mask_test(&formats, format);
+	return snd_mask_test(&formats, (__force int)format);
 }
 
-static int preferred_formats[] = {
+static snd_pcm_format_t preferred_formats[] = {
 	SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S16_LE,
 	SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S16_BE,
 	SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_U16_LE,
···
 	SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_U8
 };
 
-int snd_pcm_plug_slave_format(int format, struct snd_mask *format_mask)
+snd_pcm_format_t snd_pcm_plug_slave_format(snd_pcm_format_t format,
+					   struct snd_mask *format_mask)
 {
 	int i;
 
-	if (snd_mask_test(format_mask, format))
+	if (snd_mask_test(format_mask, (__force int)format))
 		return format;
-	if (! snd_pcm_plug_formats(format_mask, format))
-		return -EINVAL;
+	if (!snd_pcm_plug_formats(format_mask, format))
+		return (__force snd_pcm_format_t)-EINVAL;
 	if (snd_pcm_format_linear(format)) {
 		unsigned int width = snd_pcm_format_width(format);
 		int unsignd = snd_pcm_format_unsigned(format) > 0;
 		int big = snd_pcm_format_big_endian(format) > 0;
 		unsigned int badness, best = -1;
-		int best_format = -1;
+		snd_pcm_format_t best_format = (__force snd_pcm_format_t)-1;
 		for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(preferred_formats); i++) {
-			int f = preferred_formats[i];
+			snd_pcm_format_t f = preferred_formats[i];
 			unsigned int w;
-			if (!snd_mask_test(format_mask, f))
+			if (!snd_mask_test(format_mask, (__force int)f))
 				continue;
 			w = snd_pcm_format_width(f);
 			if (w >= width)
···
 				best = badness;
 			}
 		}
-		return best_format >= 0 ? best_format : -EINVAL;
+		if ((__force int)best_format >= 0)
+			return best_format;
+		else
+			return (__force snd_pcm_format_t)-EINVAL;
 	} else {
 		switch (format) {
 		case SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_MU_LAW:
 			for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(preferred_formats); ++i) {
-				int format1 = preferred_formats[i];
-				if (snd_mask_test(format_mask, format1))
+				snd_pcm_format_t format1 = preferred_formats[i];
+				if (snd_mask_test(format_mask, (__force int)format1))
 					return format1;
 			}
 		default:
-			return -EINVAL;
+			return (__force snd_pcm_format_t)-EINVAL;
 		}
 	}
 }
···
 	struct snd_pcm_plugin_format tmpformat;
 	struct snd_pcm_plugin_format dstformat;
 	struct snd_pcm_plugin_format srcformat;
-	int src_access, dst_access;
+	snd_pcm_access_t src_access, dst_access;
 	struct snd_pcm_plugin *plugin = NULL;
 	int err;
 	int stream = snd_pcm_plug_stream(plug);
···
 }
 
 int snd_pcm_area_silence(const struct snd_pcm_channel_area *dst_area, size_t dst_offset,
-			 size_t samples, int format)
+			 size_t samples, snd_pcm_format_t format)
 {
 	/* FIXME: sub byte resolution and odd dst_offset */
 	unsigned char *dst;
···
 
 int snd_pcm_area_copy(const struct snd_pcm_channel_area *src_area, size_t src_offset,
 		      const struct snd_pcm_channel_area *dst_area, size_t dst_offset,
-		      size_t samples, int format)
+		      size_t samples, snd_pcm_format_t format)
 {
 	/* FIXME: sub byte resolution and odd dst_offset */
 	char *src, *dst;

sound/core/oss/pcm_plugin.h

···
 };
 
 struct snd_pcm_plugin_format {
-	int format;
+	snd_pcm_format_t format;
 	unsigned int rate;
 	unsigned int channels;
 };
···
 	struct snd_pcm_plugin_format dst_format;	/* destination format */
 	int src_width;			/* sample width in bits */
 	int dst_width;			/* sample width in bits */
-	int access;
+	snd_pcm_access_t access;
 	snd_pcm_sframes_t (*src_frames)(struct snd_pcm_plugin *plugin, snd_pcm_uframes_t dst_frames);
 	snd_pcm_sframes_t (*dst_frames)(struct snd_pcm_plugin *plugin, snd_pcm_uframes_t src_frames);
 	snd_pcm_sframes_t (*client_channels)(struct snd_pcm_plugin *plugin,
···
 				struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params,
 				struct snd_pcm_hw_params *slave_params);
 
-int snd_pcm_plug_slave_format(int format, struct snd_mask *format_mask);
+snd_pcm_format_t snd_pcm_plug_slave_format(snd_pcm_format_t format,
+					   struct snd_mask *format_mask);
 
 int snd_pcm_plugin_append(struct snd_pcm_plugin *plugin);
 
···
 
 int snd_pcm_area_silence(const struct snd_pcm_channel_area *dst_channel,
 			 size_t dst_offset,
-			 size_t samples, int format);
+			 size_t samples, snd_pcm_format_t format);
 int snd_pcm_area_copy(const struct snd_pcm_channel_area *src_channel,
 		      size_t src_offset,
 		      const struct snd_pcm_channel_area *dst_channel,
 		      size_t dst_offset,
-		      size_t samples, int format);
+		      size_t samples, snd_pcm_format_t format);
 
 void *snd_pcm_plug_buf_alloc(struct snd_pcm_substream *plug, snd_pcm_uframes_t size);
 void snd_pcm_plug_buf_unlock(struct snd_pcm_substream *plug, void *ptr);

sound/core/oss/route.c

···
 #include "pcm_plugin.h"
 
 static void zero_areas(struct snd_pcm_plugin_channel *dvp, int ndsts,
-		       snd_pcm_uframes_t frames, int format)
+		       snd_pcm_uframes_t frames, snd_pcm_format_t format)
 {
 	int dst = 0;
 	for (; dst < ndsts; ++dst) {
···
 
 static inline void copy_area(const struct snd_pcm_plugin_channel *src_channel,
 			     struct snd_pcm_plugin_channel *dst_channel,
-			     snd_pcm_uframes_t frames, int format)
+			     snd_pcm_uframes_t frames, snd_pcm_format_t format)
 {
 	dst_channel->enabled = 1;
 	snd_pcm_area_copy(&src_channel->area, 0, &dst_channel->area, 0, frames, format);
···
 {
 	int nsrcs, ndsts, dst;
 	struct snd_pcm_plugin_channel *dvp;
-	int format;
+	snd_pcm_format_t format;
 
 	if (snd_BUG_ON(!plugin || !src_channels || !dst_channels))
 		return -ENXIO;

sound/core/pcm.c

···
 
 const char *snd_pcm_format_name(snd_pcm_format_t format)
 {
-	if (format >= ARRAY_SIZE(snd_pcm_format_names))
+	if ((__force unsigned int)format >= ARRAY_SIZE(snd_pcm_format_names))
 		return "Unknown";
-	return snd_pcm_format_names[format];
+	return snd_pcm_format_names[(__force unsigned int)format];
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_pcm_format_name);
 
···
 
 static const char *snd_pcm_access_name(snd_pcm_access_t access)
 {
-	return snd_pcm_access_names[access];
+	return snd_pcm_access_names[(__force int)access];
 }
 
 static const char *snd_pcm_subformat_name(snd_pcm_subformat_t subformat)
 {
-	return snd_pcm_subformat_names[subformat];
+	return snd_pcm_subformat_names[(__force int)subformat];
 }
 
 static const char *snd_pcm_tstamp_mode_name(int mode)
···
 
 static const char *snd_pcm_state_name(snd_pcm_state_t state)
 {
-	return snd_pcm_state_names[state];
+	return snd_pcm_state_names[(__force int)state];
 }
 
 #if defined(CONFIG_SND_PCM_OSS) || defined(CONFIG_SND_PCM_OSS_MODULE)

sound/core/pcm_misc.c

···
 	unsigned char silence[8];	/* silence data to fill */
 };
 
-static struct pcm_format_data pcm_formats[SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_LAST+1] = {
+/* we do lots of calculations on snd_pcm_format_t; shut up sparse */
+#define INT	__force int
+
+static struct pcm_format_data pcm_formats[(INT)SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_LAST+1] = {
 	[SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S8] = {
 		.width = 8, .phys = 8, .le = -1, .signd = 1,
 		.silence = {},
···
 int snd_pcm_format_signed(snd_pcm_format_t format)
 {
 	int val;
-	if (format < 0 || format > SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_LAST)
+	if ((INT)format < 0 || (INT)format > (INT)SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_LAST)
 		return -EINVAL;
-	if ((val = pcm_formats[format].signd) < 0)
+	if ((val = pcm_formats[(INT)format].signd) < 0)
 		return -EINVAL;
 	return val;
 }
···
 int snd_pcm_format_little_endian(snd_pcm_format_t format)
 {
 	int val;
-	if (format < 0 || format > SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_LAST)
+	if ((INT)format < 0 || (INT)format > (INT)SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_LAST)
 		return -EINVAL;
-	if ((val = pcm_formats[format].le) < 0)
+	if ((val = pcm_formats[(INT)format].le) < 0)
 		return -EINVAL;
 	return val;
 }
···
 int snd_pcm_format_width(snd_pcm_format_t format)
 {
 	int val;
-	if (format < 0 || format > SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_LAST)
+	if ((INT)format < 0 || (INT)format > (INT)SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_LAST)
 		return -EINVAL;
-	if ((val = pcm_formats[format].width) == 0)
+	if ((val = pcm_formats[(INT)format].width) == 0)
 		return -EINVAL;
 	return val;
 }
···
 int snd_pcm_format_physical_width(snd_pcm_format_t format)
 {
 	int val;
-	if (format < 0 || format > SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_LAST)
+	if ((INT)format < 0 || (INT)format > (INT)SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_LAST)
 		return -EINVAL;
-	if ((val = pcm_formats[format].phys) == 0)
+	if ((val = pcm_formats[(INT)format].phys) == 0)
 		return -EINVAL;
 	return val;
 }
···
  */
 const unsigned char *snd_pcm_format_silence_64(snd_pcm_format_t format)
 {
-	if (format < 0 || format > SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_LAST)
+	if ((INT)format < 0 || (INT)format > (INT)SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_LAST)
 		return NULL;
-	if (! pcm_formats[format].phys)
+	if (! pcm_formats[(INT)format].phys)
 		return NULL;
-	return pcm_formats[format].silence;
+	return pcm_formats[(INT)format].silence;
 }
 
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_pcm_format_silence_64);
···
 	int width;
 	unsigned char *dst, *pat;
 
-	if (format < 0 || format > SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_LAST)
+	if ((INT)format < 0 || (INT)format > (INT)SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_LAST)
 		return -EINVAL;
 	if (samples == 0)
 		return 0;
-	width = pcm_formats[format].phys; /* physical width */
-	pat = pcm_formats[format].silence;
+	width = pcm_formats[(INT)format].phys; /* physical width */
+	pat = pcm_formats[(INT)format].silence;
 	if (! width)
 		return -EINVAL;
 	/* signed or 1 byte data */
-	if (pcm_formats[format].signd == 1 || width <= 8) {
+	if (pcm_formats[(INT)format].signd == 1 || width <= 8) {
 		unsigned int bytes = samples * width / 8;
 		memset(data, *pat, bytes);
 		return 0;

sound/core/pcm_native.c

···
  *
  * The state of each stream is then changed to the given state unconditionally.
  */
-int snd_pcm_stop(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int state)
+int snd_pcm_stop(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, snd_pcm_state_t state)
 {
 	return snd_pcm_action(&snd_pcm_action_stop, substream, state);
 }

sound/core/seq/seq_clientmgr.c

···
 		} else {
 #ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
 			if (client->convert32 && snd_seq_ev_is_varusr(&event)) {
-				void *ptr = compat_ptr(event.data.raw32.d[1]);
+				void *ptr = (void __force *)compat_ptr(event.data.raw32.d[1]);
 				event.data.ext.ptr = ptr;
 			}
 #endif
···
 	if (client == NULL)
 		return -ENXIO;
 	fs = snd_enter_user();
-	result = snd_seq_do_ioctl(client, cmd, (void __user *)arg);
+	result = snd_seq_do_ioctl(client, cmd, (void __force __user *)arg);
 	snd_leave_user(fs);
 	return result;
 }
···
 	mutex_unlock(&client->ports_mutex);
 }
 
-
-void snd_seq_info_pool(struct snd_info_buffer *buffer,
-		       struct snd_seq_pool *pool, char *space);
 
 /* exported to seq_info.c */
 void snd_seq_info_clients_read(struct snd_info_entry *entry, 

sound/core/seq/seq_memory.c

···
 
 	if (event->data.ext.len & SNDRV_SEQ_EXT_USRPTR) {
 		char buf[32];
-		char __user *curptr = (char __user *)event->data.ext.ptr;
+		char __user *curptr = (char __force __user *)event->data.ext.ptr;
 		while (len > 0) {
 			int size = sizeof(buf);
 			if (len < size)
···
 	if (event->data.ext.len & SNDRV_SEQ_EXT_USRPTR) {
 		if (! in_kernel)
 			return -EINVAL;
-		if (copy_from_user(buf, (void __user *)event->data.ext.ptr, len))
+		if (copy_from_user(buf, (void __force __user *)event->data.ext.ptr, len))
 			return -EFAULT;
 		return newlen;
 	}
···
 				tmp->event = src->event;
 				src = src->next;
 			} else if (is_usrptr) {
-				if (copy_from_user(&tmp->event, (char __user *)buf, size)) {
+				if (copy_from_user(&tmp->event, (char __force __user *)buf, size)) {
 					err = -EFAULT;
 					goto __error;
 				}

sound/core/seq/seq_memory.h

···
 #include <sound/seq_kernel.h>
 #include <linux/poll.h>
 
+struct snd_info_buffer;
+
 /* container for sequencer event (internal use) */
 struct snd_seq_event_cell {
 	struct snd_seq_event event;
···
 /* polling */
 int snd_seq_pool_poll_wait(struct snd_seq_pool *pool, struct file *file, poll_table *wait);
 
+void snd_seq_info_pool(struct snd_info_buffer *buffer,
+		       struct snd_seq_pool *pool, char *space);
 
 #endif

sound/core/vmaster.c

···
  * a subset of information returned via ctl info callback
  */
 struct link_ctl_info {
-	int type;		/* value type */
+	snd_ctl_elem_type_t type; /* value type */
 	int count;		/* item count */
 	int min_val, max_val;	/* min, max values */
 };