random32: add prandom_u32_max and convert open coded users

Many functions have open coded a function that returns a random
number in range [0,N-1]. Under the assumption that we have a PRNG
such as taus113 with being well distributed in [0, ~0U] space,
we can implement such a function as uword t = (n*m')>>32, where
m' is a random number obtained from PRNG, n the right open interval
border and t our resulting random number, with n,m',t in u32 universe.

Lets go with Joe and simply call it prandom_u32_max(), although
technically we have an right open interval endpoint, but that we
have documented. Other users can further be migrated to the new
prandom_u32_max() function later on; for now, we need to make sure
to migrate reciprocal_divide() users for the reciprocal_divide()
follow-up fixup since their function signatures are going to change.

Joint work with Hannes Frederic Sowa.

Cc: Jakub Zawadzki <[e-mail]>
Cc: Eric Dumazet <[e-mail]>
Cc: [e-mail]
Signed-off-by: Hannes Frederic Sowa <[e-mail]>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <[e-mail]>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <[e-mail]>

drivers/net/team/team_mode_random.c

···
 #include <linux/module.h>
 #include <linux/init.h>
 #include <linux/skbuff.h>
-#include <linux/reciprocal_div.h>
 #include <linux/if_team.h>
-
-static u32 random_N(unsigned int N)
-{
-	return reciprocal_divide(prandom_u32(), N);
-}
 
 static bool rnd_transmit(struct team *team, struct sk_buff *skb)
 {
 	struct team_port *port;
 	int port_index;
 
-	port_index = random_N(team->en_port_count);
+	port_index = prandom_u32_max(team->en_port_count);
 	port = team_get_port_by_index_rcu(team, port_index);
 	if (unlikely(!port))
 		goto drop;

include/linux/random.h

···
 
 #include <uapi/linux/random.h>
 
-
 extern void add_device_randomness(const void *, unsigned int);
 extern void add_input_randomness(unsigned int type, unsigned int code,
 				 unsigned int value);
···
 
 u32 prandom_u32_state(struct rnd_state *state);
 void prandom_bytes_state(struct rnd_state *state, void *buf, int nbytes);
+
+/**
+ * prandom_u32_max - returns a pseudo-random number in interval [0, ep_ro)
+ * @ep_ro: right open interval endpoint
+ *
+ * Returns a pseudo-random number that is in interval [0, ep_ro). Note
+ * that the result depends on PRNG being well distributed in [0, ~0U]
+ * u32 space. Here we use maximally equidistributed combined Tausworthe
+ * generator, that is, prandom_u32(). This is useful when requesting a
+ * random index of an array containing ep_ro elements, for example.
+ *
+ * Returns: pseudo-random number in interval [0, ep_ro)
+ */
+static inline u32 prandom_u32_max(u32 ep_ro)
+{
+	return (u32)(((u64) prandom_u32() * ep_ro) >> 32);
+}
 
 /*
  * Handle minimum values for seeds

net/packet/af_packet.c

···
 				     struct sk_buff *skb,
 				     unsigned int num)
 {
-	return reciprocal_divide(prandom_u32(), num);
+	return prandom_u32_max(num);
 }
 
 static unsigned int fanout_demux_rollover(struct packet_fanout *f,

net/sched/sch_choke.c

···
 #include <linux/types.h>
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/skbuff.h>
-#include <linux/reciprocal_div.h>
 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
 #include <net/pkt_sched.h>
 #include <net/inet_ecn.h>
···
 
 	struct sk_buff **tab;
 };
-
-/* deliver a random number between 0 and N - 1 */
-static u32 random_N(unsigned int N)
-{
-	return reciprocal_divide(prandom_u32(), N);
-}
 
 /* number of elements in queue including holes */
 static unsigned int choke_len(const struct choke_sched_data *q)
···
 	int retrys = 3;
 
 	do {
-		*pidx = (q->head + random_N(choke_len(q))) & q->tab_mask;
+		*pidx = (q->head + prandom_u32_max(choke_len(q))) & q->tab_mask;
 		skb = q->tab[*pidx];
 		if (skb)
 			return skb;