i2c: mux: pca954x: allow management of device idle state via sysfs

The behaviour, by default, to not deselect after each transfer is
unsafe when there is a device with an address that conflicts with
another device on another mux on the same parent bus, and it
may not be convenient to use devicetree to set the deselect mux,
e.g. when running on x86_64 when ACPI is used to discover most of the
device hierarchy.

Therefore, provide the ability to set the idle state behaviour using a
new sysfs file, idle_state as a complement to the method of
instantiating the device via sysfs. The possible behaviours are
disconnect, i.e. to deselect all channels from the mux, as-is (the
default), i.e. leave the last channel selected, and set a
predetermined channel.

The current behaviour of leaving the channel as-is after each
transaction is preserved.

Signed-off-by: Robert Shearman <[e-mail]>
Signed-off-by: Peter Rosin <[e-mail]>

Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-bus-i2c-devices-pca954x

···
+What:		/sys/bus/i2c/.../idle_state
+Date:		January 2019
+KernelVersion:	5.2
+Contact:	Robert Shearman <[e-mail]>
+Description:
+		Value that exists only for mux devices that can be
+		written to control the behaviour of the multiplexer on
+		idle. Possible values:
+		-2 - disconnect on idle, i.e. deselect the last used
+		     channel, which is useful when there is a device
+		     with an address that conflicts with another
+		     device on another mux on the same parent bus.
+		-1 - leave the mux as-is, which is the most optimal
+		     setting in terms of I2C operations and is the
+		     default mode.
+		0..<nchans> - set the mux to a predetermined channel,
+		     which is useful if there is one channel that is
+		     used almost always, and you want to reduce the
+		     latency for normal operations after rare
+		     transactions on other channels

drivers/i2c/muxes/i2c-mux-pca954x.c

···
 #include <linux/pm.h>
 #include <linux/slab.h>
 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
+#include <dt-bindings/mux/mux.h>
 
 #define PCA954X_MAX_NCHANS 8
 
···
 	const struct chip_desc *chip;
 
 	u8 last_chan;		/* last register value */
-	u8 deselect;
+	/* MUX_IDLE_AS_IS, MUX_IDLE_DISCONNECT or >= 0 for channel */
+	s8 idle_state;
+
 	struct i2c_client *client;
 
 	struct irq_domain *irq;
···
 {
 	struct pca954x *data = i2c_mux_priv(muxc);
 	struct i2c_client *client = data->client;
+	s8 idle_state;
 
-	if (!(data->deselect & (1 << chan)))
-		return 0;
+	idle_state = READ_ONCE(data->idle_state);
+	if (idle_state >= 0)
+		/* Set the mux back to a predetermined channel */
+		return pca954x_select_chan(muxc, idle_state);
 
-	/* Deselect active channel */
-	data->last_chan = 0;
-	return pca954x_reg_write(muxc->parent, client, data->last_chan);
+	if (idle_state == MUX_IDLE_DISCONNECT) {
+		/* Deselect active channel */
+		data->last_chan = 0;
+		return pca954x_reg_write(muxc->parent, client,
+					 data->last_chan);
+	}
+
+	/* otherwise leave as-is */
+
+	return 0;
 }
+
+static ssize_t idle_state_show(struct device *dev,
+				    struct device_attribute *attr,
+				    char *buf)
+{
+	struct i2c_client *client = to_i2c_client(dev);
+	struct i2c_mux_core *muxc = i2c_get_clientdata(client);
+	struct pca954x *data = i2c_mux_priv(muxc);
+
+	return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", READ_ONCE(data->idle_state));
+}
+
+static ssize_t idle_state_store(struct device *dev,
+				struct device_attribute *attr,
+				const char *buf, size_t count)
+{
+	struct i2c_client *client = to_i2c_client(dev);
+	struct i2c_mux_core *muxc = i2c_get_clientdata(client);
+	struct pca954x *data = i2c_mux_priv(muxc);
+	int val;
+	int ret;
+
+	ret = kstrtoint(buf, 0, &val);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		return ret;
+
+	if (val != MUX_IDLE_AS_IS && val != MUX_IDLE_DISCONNECT &&
+	    (val < 0 || val >= data->chip->nchans))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	i2c_lock_bus(muxc->parent, I2C_LOCK_SEGMENT);
+
+	WRITE_ONCE(data->idle_state, val);
+	/*
+	 * Set the mux into a state consistent with the new
+	 * idle_state.
+	 */
+	if (data->last_chan || val != MUX_IDLE_DISCONNECT)
+		ret = pca954x_deselect_mux(muxc, 0);
+
+	i2c_unlock_bus(muxc->parent, I2C_LOCK_SEGMENT);
+
+	return ret < 0 ? ret : count;
+}
+
+static DEVICE_ATTR_RW(idle_state);
 
 static irqreturn_t pca954x_irq_handler(int irq, void *dev_id)
 {
···
 static void pca954x_cleanup(struct i2c_mux_core *muxc)
 {
 	struct pca954x *data = i2c_mux_priv(muxc);
+	struct i2c_client *client = data->client;
 	int c, irq;
+
+	device_remove_file(&client->dev, &dev_attr_idle_state);
 
 	if (data->irq) {
 		for (c = 0; c < data->chip->nchans; c++) {
···
 	}
 
 	data->last_chan = 0;		   /* force the first selection */
+	data->idle_state = MUX_IDLE_AS_IS;
 
 	idle_disconnect_dt = np &&
 		of_property_read_bool(np, "i2c-mux-idle-disconnect");
+	if (idle_disconnect_dt)
+		data->idle_state = MUX_IDLE_DISCONNECT;
 
 	ret = pca954x_irq_setup(muxc);
 	if (ret)
···
 
 	/* Now create an adapter for each channel */
 	for (num = 0; num < data->chip->nchans; num++) {
-		data->deselect |= idle_disconnect_dt << num;
-
 		ret = i2c_mux_add_adapter(muxc, 0, num, 0);
 		if (ret)
 			goto fail_cleanup;
···
 		if (ret)
 			goto fail_cleanup;
 	}
+
+	/*
+	 * The attr probably isn't going to be needed in most cases,
+	 * so don't fail completely on error.
+	 */
+	device_create_file(dev, &dev_attr_idle_state);
 
 	dev_info(dev, "registered %d multiplexed busses for I2C %s %s\n",
 		 num, data->chip->muxtype == pca954x_ismux