Merge branch 'net-phy-rust'

FUJITA Tomonori says:

====================
Rust abstractions for network PHY drivers

No functional change since v10; only comment and commit log updates.

This patchset adds Rust abstractions for phylib. It doesn't fully
cover the C APIs yet but I think that it's already useful. I implement
two PHY drivers (Asix AX88772A PHYs and Realtek Generic FE-GE). Seems
they work well with real hardware.

The first patch introduces Rust bindings for phylib.

The second patch adds a macro to declare a kernel module for PHYs
drivers.

The third adds the Rust ETHERNET PHY LIBRARY entry to MAINTAINERS
file; adds the binding file and me as a maintainer (as Andrew Lunn
suggested) with Trevor Gross as a reviewer.

The last patch introduces the Rust version of Asix PHY driver,
drivers/net/phy/ax88796b.c. The features are equivalent to the C
version. You can choose C (by default) or Rust version on kernel
configuration.

v11:
- adds Andrew, Alice, and Trevor's Reviewed-by
- comment update
v10: https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/[e-mail]/T/
- adds Trevor's SoB to the third patch
- adds Benno's Reviewed-by to the second patch
v9: https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/[e-mail]/T/
- adds a workaround to access to a bit field in phy_device
- fixes a comment typo
v8: https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/[e-mail]/
- updates the safety comments on Device and its related code
- uses _phy_start_aneg instead of phy_start_aneg
- drops the patch for enum synchronization
- moves Sync From Registration to DriverVTable
- fixes doctest errors
- minor cleanups
v7: https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/[e-mail]/T/
- renames get_link() to is_link_up()
- improves the macro format
- improves the commit log in the third patch
- improves comments
v6: https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/[e-mail]/T/
- improves comments
- makes the requirement of phy_drivers_register clear
- fixes Makefile of the third patch
v5: https://lore.kernel.org/all/[e-mail]/T/
- drops the rustified-enum option, writes match by hand; no *risk* of UB
- adds Miguel's patch for enum checking
- moves CONFIG_RUST_PHYLIB_ABSTRACTIONS to drivers/net/phy/Kconfig
- adds a new entry for this abstractions in MAINTAINERS
- changes some of Device's methods to take &mut self
- comment improvment
v4: https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/[e-mail]/T/
- split the core patch
- making Device::from_raw() private
- comment improvement with code update
- commit message improvement
- avoiding using bindings::phy_driver in public functions
- using an anonymous constant in module_phy_driver macro
v3: https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/[e-mail]/T/
- changes the base tree to net-next from rust-next
- makes this feature optional; only enabled with CONFIG_RUST_PHYLIB_BINDINGS=y
- cosmetic code and comment improvement
- adds copyright
v2: https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/[e-mail]/T/
- build failure fix
- function renaming
v1: https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/[e-mail]/T/
====================

Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <[e-mail]>

MAINTAINERS

···
 F:	Documentation/devicetree/bindings/net/asix,ax88796c.yaml
 F:	drivers/net/ethernet/asix/ax88796c_*
 
+ASIX PHY DRIVER [RUST]
+M:	FUJITA Tomonori <[e-mail]>
+R:	Trevor Gross <[e-mail]>
+L:	[e-mail]
+L:	[e-mail]
+S:	Maintained
+F:	drivers/net/phy/ax88796b_rust.rs
+
 ASPEED CRYPTO DRIVER
 M:	Neal Liu <[e-mail]>
 L:	[e-mail] (moderated for non-subscribers)
···
 F:	include/uapi/linux/mdio.h
 F:	include/uapi/linux/mii.h
 F:	net/core/of_net.c
+
+ETHERNET PHY LIBRARY [RUST]
+M:	FUJITA Tomonori <[e-mail]>
+R:	Trevor Gross <[e-mail]>
+L:	[e-mail]
+L:	[e-mail]
+S:	Maintained
+F:	rust/kernel/net/phy.rs
 
 EXEC & BINFMT API
 R:	Eric Biederman <[e-mail]>

drivers/net/phy/Kconfig

···
 
 	  Currently tested with mpc866ads and mpc8349e-mitx.
 
+config RUST_PHYLIB_ABSTRACTIONS
+        bool "Rust PHYLIB abstractions support"
+        depends on RUST
+        depends on PHYLIB=y
+        help
+          Adds support needed for PHY drivers written in Rust. It provides
+          a wrapper around the C phylib core.
+
 config SFP
 	tristate "SFP cage support"
 	depends on I2C && PHYLINK
···
 	help
 	  Currently supports the Asix Electronics PHY found in the X-Surf 100
 	  AX88796B package.
+
+config AX88796B_RUST_PHY
+	bool "Rust reference driver for Asix PHYs"
+	depends on RUST_PHYLIB_ABSTRACTIONS && AX88796B_PHY
+	help
+	  Uses the Rust reference driver for Asix PHYs (ax88796b_rust.ko).
+	  The features are equivalent. It supports the Asix Electronics PHY
+	  found in the X-Surf 100 AX88796B package.
 
 config BROADCOM_PHY
 	tristate "Broadcom 54XX PHYs"

drivers/net/phy/Makefile

···
 obj-$(CONFIG_AMD_PHY)		+= amd.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_AQUANTIA_PHY)	+= aquantia/
 obj-$(CONFIG_AT803X_PHY)	+= at803x.o
-obj-$(CONFIG_AX88796B_PHY)	+= ax88796b.o
+ifdef CONFIG_AX88796B_RUST_PHY
+  obj-$(CONFIG_AX88796B_PHY)	+= ax88796b_rust.o
+else
+  obj-$(CONFIG_AX88796B_PHY)	+= ax88796b.o
+endif
 obj-$(CONFIG_BCM54140_PHY)	+= bcm54140.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_BCM63XX_PHY)	+= bcm63xx.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_BCM7XXX_PHY)	+= bcm7xxx.o

drivers/net/phy/ax88796b_rust.rs

···
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+// Copyright (C) 2023 FUJITA Tomonori <[e-mail]>
+
+//! Rust Asix PHYs driver
+//!
+//! C version of this driver: [`drivers/net/phy/ax88796b.c`](./ax88796b.c)
+use kernel::{
+    c_str,
+    net::phy::{self, DeviceId, Driver},
+    prelude::*,
+    uapi,
+};
+
+kernel::module_phy_driver! {
+    drivers: [PhyAX88772A, PhyAX88772C, PhyAX88796B],
+    device_table: [
+        DeviceId::new_with_driver::<PhyAX88772A>(),
+        DeviceId::new_with_driver::<PhyAX88772C>(),
+        DeviceId::new_with_driver::<PhyAX88796B>()
+    ],
+    name: "rust_asix_phy",
+    author: "FUJITA Tomonori <[e-mail]>",
+    description: "Rust Asix PHYs driver",
+    license: "GPL",
+}
+
+const MII_BMCR: u16 = uapi::MII_BMCR as u16;
+const BMCR_SPEED100: u16 = uapi::BMCR_SPEED100 as u16;
+const BMCR_FULLDPLX: u16 = uapi::BMCR_FULLDPLX as u16;
+
+// Performs a software PHY reset using the standard
+// BMCR_RESET bit and poll for the reset bit to be cleared.
+// Toggle BMCR_RESET bit off to accommodate broken AX8796B PHY implementation
+// such as used on the Individual Computers' X-Surf 100 Zorro card.
+fn asix_soft_reset(dev: &mut phy::Device) -> Result {
+    dev.write(uapi::MII_BMCR as u16, 0)?;
+    dev.genphy_soft_reset()
+}
+
+struct PhyAX88772A;
+
+#[vtable]
+impl Driver for PhyAX88772A {
+    const FLAGS: u32 = phy::flags::IS_INTERNAL;
+    const NAME: &'static CStr = c_str!("Asix Electronics AX88772A");
+    const PHY_DEVICE_ID: DeviceId = DeviceId::new_with_exact_mask(0x003b1861);
+
+    // AX88772A is not working properly with some old switches (NETGEAR EN 108TP):
+    // after autoneg is done and the link status is reported as active, the MII_LPA
+    // register is 0. This issue is not reproducible on AX88772C.
+    fn read_status(dev: &mut phy::Device) -> Result<u16> {
+        dev.genphy_update_link()?;
+        if !dev.is_link_up() {
+            return Ok(0);
+        }
+        // If MII_LPA is 0, phy_resolve_aneg_linkmode() will fail to resolve
+        // linkmode so use MII_BMCR as default values.
+        let ret = dev.read(MII_BMCR)?;
+
+        if ret & BMCR_SPEED100 != 0 {
+            dev.set_speed(uapi::SPEED_100);
+        } else {
+            dev.set_speed(uapi::SPEED_10);
+        }
+
+        let duplex = if ret & BMCR_FULLDPLX != 0 {
+            phy::DuplexMode::Full
+        } else {
+            phy::DuplexMode::Half
+        };
+        dev.set_duplex(duplex);
+
+        dev.genphy_read_lpa()?;
+
+        if dev.is_autoneg_enabled() && dev.is_autoneg_completed() {
+            dev.resolve_aneg_linkmode();
+        }
+
+        Ok(0)
+    }
+
+    fn suspend(dev: &mut phy::Device) -> Result {
+        dev.genphy_suspend()
+    }
+
+    fn resume(dev: &mut phy::Device) -> Result {
+        dev.genphy_resume()
+    }
+
+    fn soft_reset(dev: &mut phy::Device) -> Result {
+        asix_soft_reset(dev)
+    }
+
+    fn link_change_notify(dev: &mut phy::Device) {
+        // Reset PHY, otherwise MII_LPA will provide outdated information.
+        // This issue is reproducible only with some link partner PHYs.
+        if dev.state() == phy::DeviceState::NoLink {
+            let _ = dev.init_hw();
+            let _ = dev.start_aneg();
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+struct PhyAX88772C;
+
+#[vtable]
+impl Driver for PhyAX88772C {
+    const FLAGS: u32 = phy::flags::IS_INTERNAL;
+    const NAME: &'static CStr = c_str!("Asix Electronics AX88772C");
+    const PHY_DEVICE_ID: DeviceId = DeviceId::new_with_exact_mask(0x003b1881);
+
+    fn suspend(dev: &mut phy::Device) -> Result {
+        dev.genphy_suspend()
+    }
+
+    fn resume(dev: &mut phy::Device) -> Result {
+        dev.genphy_resume()
+    }
+
+    fn soft_reset(dev: &mut phy::Device) -> Result {
+        asix_soft_reset(dev)
+    }
+}
+
+struct PhyAX88796B;
+
+#[vtable]
+impl Driver for PhyAX88796B {
+    const NAME: &'static CStr = c_str!("Asix Electronics AX88796B");
+    const PHY_DEVICE_ID: DeviceId = DeviceId::new_with_model_mask(0x003b1841);
+
+    fn soft_reset(dev: &mut phy::Device) -> Result {
+        asix_soft_reset(dev)
+    }
+}

rust/bindings/bindings_helper.h

···
 
 #include <kunit/test.h>
 #include <linux/errname.h>
+#include <linux/ethtool.h>
+#include <linux/mdio.h>
+#include <linux/phy.h>
 #include <linux/slab.h>
 #include <linux/refcount.h>
 #include <linux/wait.h>

rust/kernel/lib.rs

···
 #![no_std]
 #![feature(allocator_api)]
 #![feature(coerce_unsized)]
+#![feature(const_maybe_uninit_zeroed)]
 #![feature(dispatch_from_dyn)]
 #![feature(new_uninit)]
 #![feature(offset_of)]
···
 pub mod ioctl;
 #[cfg(CONFIG_KUNIT)]
 pub mod kunit;
+#[cfg(CONFIG_NET)]
+pub mod net;
 pub mod prelude;
 pub mod print;
 mod static_assert;

rust/kernel/net.rs

···
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+
+//! Networking.
+
+#[cfg(CONFIG_RUST_PHYLIB_ABSTRACTIONS)]
+pub mod phy;

rust/kernel/net/phy.rs

···
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+
+// Copyright (C) 2023 FUJITA Tomonori <[e-mail]>
+
+//! Network PHY device.
+//!
+//! C headers: [`include/linux/phy.h`](../../../../../../../include/linux/phy.h).
+
+use crate::{bindings, error::*, prelude::*, str::CStr, types::Opaque};
+
+use core::marker::PhantomData;
+
+/// PHY state machine states.
+///
+/// Corresponds to the kernel's [`enum phy_state`].
+///
+/// Some of PHY drivers access to the state of PHY's software state machine.
+///
+/// [`enum phy_state`]: ../../../../../../../include/linux/phy.h
+#[derive(PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum DeviceState {
+    /// PHY device and driver are not ready for anything.
+    Down,
+    /// PHY is ready to send and receive packets.
+    Ready,
+    /// PHY is up, but no polling or interrupts are done.
+    Halted,
+    /// PHY is up, but is in an error state.
+    Error,
+    /// PHY and attached device are ready to do work.
+    Up,
+    /// PHY is currently running.
+    Running,
+    /// PHY is up, but not currently plugged in.
+    NoLink,
+    /// PHY is performing a cable test.
+    CableTest,
+}
+
+/// A mode of Ethernet communication.
+///
+/// PHY drivers get duplex information from hardware and update the current state.
+pub enum DuplexMode {
+    /// PHY is in full-duplex mode.
+    Full,
+    /// PHY is in half-duplex mode.
+    Half,
+    /// PHY is in unknown duplex mode.
+    Unknown,
+}
+
+/// An instance of a PHY device.
+///
+/// Wraps the kernel's [`struct phy_device`].
+///
+/// A [`Device`] instance is created when a callback in [`Driver`] is executed. A PHY driver
+/// executes [`Driver`]'s methods during the callback.
+///
+/// # Invariants
+///
+/// Referencing a `phy_device` using this struct asserts that you are in
+/// a context where all methods defined on this struct are safe to call.
+///
+/// [`struct phy_device`]: ../../../../../../../include/linux/phy.h
+// During the calls to most functions in [`Driver`], the C side (`PHYLIB`) holds a lock that is
+// unique for every instance of [`Device`]. `PHYLIB` uses a different serialization technique for
+// [`Driver::resume`] and [`Driver::suspend`]: `PHYLIB` updates `phy_device`'s state with
+// the lock held, thus guaranteeing that [`Driver::resume`] has exclusive access to the instance.
+// [`Driver::resume`] and [`Driver::suspend`] also are called where only one thread can access
+// to the instance.
+#[repr(transparent)]
+pub struct Device(Opaque<bindings::phy_device>);
+
+impl Device {
+    /// Creates a new [`Device`] instance from a raw pointer.
+    ///
+    /// # Safety
+    ///
+    /// For the duration of 'a, the pointer must point at a valid `phy_device`,
+    /// and the caller must be in a context where all methods defined on this struct
+    /// are safe to call.
+    unsafe fn from_raw<'a>(ptr: *mut bindings::phy_device) -> &'a mut Self {
+        // CAST: `Self` is a `repr(transparent)` wrapper around `bindings::phy_device`.
+        let ptr = ptr.cast::<Self>();
+        // SAFETY: by the function requirements the pointer is valid and we have unique access for
+        // the duration of `'a`.
+        unsafe { &mut *ptr }
+    }
+
+    /// Gets the id of the PHY.
+    pub fn phy_id(&self) -> u32 {
+        let phydev = self.0.get();
+        // SAFETY: The struct invariant ensures that we may access
+        // this field without additional synchronization.
+        unsafe { (*phydev).phy_id }
+    }
+
+    /// Gets the state of PHY state machine states.
+    pub fn state(&self) -> DeviceState {
+        let phydev = self.0.get();
+        // SAFETY: The struct invariant ensures that we may access
+        // this field without additional synchronization.
+        let state = unsafe { (*phydev).state };
+        // TODO: this conversion code will be replaced with automatically generated code by bindgen
+        // when it becomes possible.
+        match state {
+            bindings::phy_state_PHY_DOWN => DeviceState::Down,
+            bindings::phy_state_PHY_READY => DeviceState::Ready,
+            bindings::phy_state_PHY_HALTED => DeviceState::Halted,
+            bindings::phy_state_PHY_ERROR => DeviceState::Error,
+            bindings::phy_state_PHY_UP => DeviceState::Up,
+            bindings::phy_state_PHY_RUNNING => DeviceState::Running,
+            bindings::phy_state_PHY_NOLINK => DeviceState::NoLink,
+            bindings::phy_state_PHY_CABLETEST => DeviceState::CableTest,
+            _ => DeviceState::Error,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Gets the current link state.
+    ///
+    /// It returns true if the link is up.
+    pub fn is_link_up(&self) -> bool {
+        const LINK_IS_UP: u64 = 1;
+        // TODO: the code to access to the bit field will be replaced with automatically
+        // generated code by bindgen when it becomes possible.
+        // SAFETY: The struct invariant ensures that we may access
+        // this field without additional synchronization.
+        let bit_field = unsafe { &(*self.0.get())._bitfield_1 };
+        bit_field.get(14, 1) == LINK_IS_UP
+    }
+
+    /// Gets the current auto-negotiation configuration.
+    ///
+    /// It returns true if auto-negotiation is enabled.
+    pub fn is_autoneg_enabled(&self) -> bool {
+        // TODO: the code to access to the bit field will be replaced with automatically
+        // generated code by bindgen when it becomes possible.
+        // SAFETY: The struct invariant ensures that we may access
+        // this field without additional synchronization.
+        let bit_field = unsafe { &(*self.0.get())._bitfield_1 };
+        bit_field.get(13, 1) == bindings::AUTONEG_ENABLE as u64
+    }
+
+    /// Gets the current auto-negotiation state.
+    ///
+    /// It returns true if auto-negotiation is completed.
+    pub fn is_autoneg_completed(&self) -> bool {
+        const AUTONEG_COMPLETED: u64 = 1;
+        // TODO: the code to access to the bit field will be replaced with automatically
+        // generated code by bindgen when it becomes possible.
+        // SAFETY: The struct invariant ensures that we may access
+        // this field without additional synchronization.
+        let bit_field = unsafe { &(*self.0.get())._bitfield_1 };
+        bit_field.get(15, 1) == AUTONEG_COMPLETED
+    }
+
+    /// Sets the speed of the PHY.
+    pub fn set_speed(&mut self, speed: u32) {
+        let phydev = self.0.get();
+        // SAFETY: The struct invariant ensures that we may access
+        // this field without additional synchronization.
+        unsafe { (*phydev).speed = speed as i32 };
+    }
+
+    /// Sets duplex mode.
+    pub fn set_duplex(&mut self, mode: DuplexMode) {
+        let phydev = self.0.get();
+        let v = match mode {
+            DuplexMode::Full => bindings::DUPLEX_FULL as i32,
+            DuplexMode::Half => bindings::DUPLEX_HALF as i32,
+            DuplexMode::Unknown => bindings::DUPLEX_UNKNOWN as i32,
+        };
+        // SAFETY: The struct invariant ensures that we may access
+        // this field without additional synchronization.
+        unsafe { (*phydev).duplex = v };
+    }
+
+    /// Reads a given C22 PHY register.
+    // This function reads a hardware register and updates the stats so takes `&mut self`.
+    pub fn read(&mut self, regnum: u16) -> Result<u16> {
+        let phydev = self.0.get();
+        // SAFETY: `phydev` is pointing to a valid object by the type invariant of `Self`.
+        // So it's just an FFI call, open code of `phy_read()` with a valid `phy_device` pointer
+        // `phydev`.
+        let ret = unsafe {
+            bindings::mdiobus_read((*phydev).mdio.bus, (*phydev).mdio.addr, regnum.into())
+        };
+        if ret < 0 {
+            Err(Error::from_errno(ret))
+        } else {
+            Ok(ret as u16)
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Writes a given C22 PHY register.
+    pub fn write(&mut self, regnum: u16, val: u16) -> Result {
+        let phydev = self.0.get();
+        // SAFETY: `phydev` is pointing to a valid object by the type invariant of `Self`.
+        // So it's just an FFI call, open code of `phy_write()` with a valid `phy_device` pointer
+        // `phydev`.
+        to_result(unsafe {
+            bindings::mdiobus_write((*phydev).mdio.bus, (*phydev).mdio.addr, regnum.into(), val)
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Reads a paged register.
+    pub fn read_paged(&mut self, page: u16, regnum: u16) -> Result<u16> {
+        let phydev = self.0.get();
+        // SAFETY: `phydev` is pointing to a valid object by the type invariant of `Self`.
+        // So it's just an FFI call.
+        let ret = unsafe { bindings::phy_read_paged(phydev, page.into(), regnum.into()) };
+        if ret < 0 {
+            Err(Error::from_errno(ret))
+        } else {
+            Ok(ret as u16)
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Resolves the advertisements into PHY settings.
+    pub fn resolve_aneg_linkmode(&mut self) {
+        let phydev = self.0.get();
+        // SAFETY: `phydev` is pointing to a valid object by the type invariant of `Self`.
+        // So it's just an FFI call.
+        unsafe { bindings::phy_resolve_aneg_linkmode(phydev) };
+    }
+
+    /// Executes software reset the PHY via `BMCR_RESET` bit.
+    pub fn genphy_soft_reset(&mut self) -> Result {
+        let phydev = self.0.get();
+        // SAFETY: `phydev` is pointing to a valid object by the type invariant of `Self`.
+        // So it's just an FFI call.
+        to_result(unsafe { bindings::genphy_soft_reset(phydev) })
+    }
+
+    /// Initializes the PHY.
+    pub fn init_hw(&mut self) -> Result {
+        let phydev = self.0.get();
+        // SAFETY: `phydev` is pointing to a valid object by the type invariant of `Self`.
+        // So it's just an FFI call.
+        to_result(unsafe { bindings::phy_init_hw(phydev) })
+    }
+
+    /// Starts auto-negotiation.
+    pub fn start_aneg(&mut self) -> Result {
+        let phydev = self.0.get();
+        // SAFETY: `phydev` is pointing to a valid object by the type invariant of `Self`.
+        // So it's just an FFI call.
+        to_result(unsafe { bindings::_phy_start_aneg(phydev) })
+    }
+
+    /// Resumes the PHY via `BMCR_PDOWN` bit.
+    pub fn genphy_resume(&mut self) -> Result {
+        let phydev = self.0.get();
+        // SAFETY: `phydev` is pointing to a valid object by the type invariant of `Self`.
+        // So it's just an FFI call.
+        to_result(unsafe { bindings::genphy_resume(phydev) })
+    }
+
+    /// Suspends the PHY via `BMCR_PDOWN` bit.
+    pub fn genphy_suspend(&mut self) -> Result {
+        let phydev = self.0.get();
+        // SAFETY: `phydev` is pointing to a valid object by the type invariant of `Self`.
+        // So it's just an FFI call.
+        to_result(unsafe { bindings::genphy_suspend(phydev) })
+    }
+
+    /// Checks the link status and updates current link state.
+    pub fn genphy_read_status(&mut self) -> Result<u16> {
+        let phydev = self.0.get();
+        // SAFETY: `phydev` is pointing to a valid object by the type invariant of `Self`.
+        // So it's just an FFI call.
+        let ret = unsafe { bindings::genphy_read_status(phydev) };
+        if ret < 0 {
+            Err(Error::from_errno(ret))
+        } else {
+            Ok(ret as u16)
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Updates the link status.
+    pub fn genphy_update_link(&mut self) -> Result {
+        let phydev = self.0.get();
+        // SAFETY: `phydev` is pointing to a valid object by the type invariant of `Self`.
+        // So it's just an FFI call.
+        to_result(unsafe { bindings::genphy_update_link(phydev) })
+    }
+
+    /// Reads link partner ability.
+    pub fn genphy_read_lpa(&mut self) -> Result {
+        let phydev = self.0.get();
+        // SAFETY: `phydev` is pointing to a valid object by the type invariant of `Self`.
+        // So it's just an FFI call.
+        to_result(unsafe { bindings::genphy_read_lpa(phydev) })
+    }
+
+    /// Reads PHY abilities.
+    pub fn genphy_read_abilities(&mut self) -> Result {
+        let phydev = self.0.get();
+        // SAFETY: `phydev` is pointing to a valid object by the type invariant of `Self`.
+        // So it's just an FFI call.
+        to_result(unsafe { bindings::genphy_read_abilities(phydev) })
+    }
+}
+
+/// Defines certain other features this PHY supports (like interrupts).
+///
+/// These flag values are used in [`Driver::FLAGS`].
+pub mod flags {
+    /// PHY is internal.
+    pub const IS_INTERNAL: u32 = bindings::PHY_IS_INTERNAL;
+    /// PHY needs to be reset after the refclk is enabled.
+    pub const RST_AFTER_CLK_EN: u32 = bindings::PHY_RST_AFTER_CLK_EN;
+    /// Polling is used to detect PHY status changes.
+    pub const POLL_CABLE_TEST: u32 = bindings::PHY_POLL_CABLE_TEST;
+    /// Don't suspend.
+    pub const ALWAYS_CALL_SUSPEND: u32 = bindings::PHY_ALWAYS_CALL_SUSPEND;
+}
+
+/// An adapter for the registration of a PHY driver.
+struct Adapter<T: Driver> {
+    _p: PhantomData<T>,
+}
+
+impl<T: Driver> Adapter<T> {
+    /// # Safety
+    ///
+    /// `phydev` must be passed by the corresponding callback in `phy_driver`.
+    unsafe extern "C" fn soft_reset_callback(
+        phydev: *mut bindings::phy_device,
+    ) -> core::ffi::c_int {
+        from_result(|| {
+            // SAFETY: This callback is called only in contexts
+            // where we hold `phy_device->lock`, so the accessors on
+            // `Device` are okay to call.
+            let dev = unsafe { Device::from_raw(phydev) };
+            T::soft_reset(dev)?;
+            Ok(0)
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// # Safety
+    ///
+    /// `phydev` must be passed by the corresponding callback in `phy_driver`.
+    unsafe extern "C" fn get_features_callback(
+        phydev: *mut bindings::phy_device,
+    ) -> core::ffi::c_int {
+        from_result(|| {
+            // SAFETY: This callback is called only in contexts
+            // where we hold `phy_device->lock`, so the accessors on
+            // `Device` are okay to call.
+            let dev = unsafe { Device::from_raw(phydev) };
+            T::get_features(dev)?;
+            Ok(0)
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// # Safety
+    ///
+    /// `phydev` must be passed by the corresponding callback in `phy_driver`.
+    unsafe extern "C" fn suspend_callback(phydev: *mut bindings::phy_device) -> core::ffi::c_int {
+        from_result(|| {
+            // SAFETY: The C core code ensures that the accessors on
+            // `Device` are okay to call even though `phy_device->lock`
+            // might not be held.
+            let dev = unsafe { Device::from_raw(phydev) };
+            T::suspend(dev)?;
+            Ok(0)
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// # Safety
+    ///
+    /// `phydev` must be passed by the corresponding callback in `phy_driver`.
+    unsafe extern "C" fn resume_callback(phydev: *mut bindings::phy_device) -> core::ffi::c_int {
+        from_result(|| {
+            // SAFETY: The C core code ensures that the accessors on
+            // `Device` are okay to call even though `phy_device->lock`
+            // might not be held.
+            let dev = unsafe { Device::from_raw(phydev) };
+            T::resume(dev)?;
+            Ok(0)
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// # Safety
+    ///
+    /// `phydev` must be passed by the corresponding callback in `phy_driver`.
+    unsafe extern "C" fn config_aneg_callback(
+        phydev: *mut bindings::phy_device,
+    ) -> core::ffi::c_int {
+        from_result(|| {
+            // SAFETY: This callback is called only in contexts
+            // where we hold `phy_device->lock`, so the accessors on
+            // `Device` are okay to call.
+            let dev = unsafe { Device::from_raw(phydev) };
+            T::config_aneg(dev)?;
+            Ok(0)
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// # Safety
+    ///
+    /// `phydev` must be passed by the corresponding callback in `phy_driver`.
+    unsafe extern "C" fn read_status_callback(
+        phydev: *mut bindings::phy_device,
+    ) -> core::ffi::c_int {
+        from_result(|| {
+            // SAFETY: This callback is called only in contexts
+            // where we hold `phy_device->lock`, so the accessors on
+            // `Device` are okay to call.
+            let dev = unsafe { Device::from_raw(phydev) };
+            T::read_status(dev)?;
+            Ok(0)
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// # Safety
+    ///
+    /// `phydev` must be passed by the corresponding callback in `phy_driver`.
+    unsafe extern "C" fn match_phy_device_callback(
+        phydev: *mut bindings::phy_device,
+    ) -> core::ffi::c_int {
+        // SAFETY: This callback is called only in contexts
+        // where we hold `phy_device->lock`, so the accessors on
+        // `Device` are okay to call.
+        let dev = unsafe { Device::from_raw(phydev) };
+        T::match_phy_device(dev) as i32
+    }
+
+    /// # Safety
+    ///
+    /// `phydev` must be passed by the corresponding callback in `phy_driver`.
+    unsafe extern "C" fn read_mmd_callback(
+        phydev: *mut bindings::phy_device,
+        devnum: i32,
+        regnum: u16,
+    ) -> i32 {
+        from_result(|| {
+            // SAFETY: This callback is called only in contexts
+            // where we hold `phy_device->lock`, so the accessors on
+            // `Device` are okay to call.
+            let dev = unsafe { Device::from_raw(phydev) };
+            // CAST: the C side verifies devnum < 32.
+            let ret = T::read_mmd(dev, devnum as u8, regnum)?;
+            Ok(ret.into())
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// # Safety
+    ///
+    /// `phydev` must be passed by the corresponding callback in `phy_driver`.
+    unsafe extern "C" fn write_mmd_callback(
+        phydev: *mut bindings::phy_device,
+        devnum: i32,
+        regnum: u16,
+        val: u16,
+    ) -> i32 {
+        from_result(|| {
+            // SAFETY: This callback is called only in contexts
+            // where we hold `phy_device->lock`, so the accessors on
+            // `Device` are okay to call.
+            let dev = unsafe { Device::from_raw(phydev) };
+            T::write_mmd(dev, devnum as u8, regnum, val)?;
+            Ok(0)
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// # Safety
+    ///
+    /// `phydev` must be passed by the corresponding callback in `phy_driver`.
+    unsafe extern "C" fn link_change_notify_callback(phydev: *mut bindings::phy_device) {
+        // SAFETY: This callback is called only in contexts
+        // where we hold `phy_device->lock`, so the accessors on
+        // `Device` are okay to call.
+        let dev = unsafe { Device::from_raw(phydev) };
+        T::link_change_notify(dev);
+    }
+}
+
+/// Driver structure for a particular PHY type.
+///
+/// Wraps the kernel's [`struct phy_driver`].
+/// This is used to register a driver for a particular PHY type with the kernel.
+///
+/// # Invariants
+///
+/// `self.0` is always in a valid state.
+///
+/// [`struct phy_driver`]: ../../../../../../../include/linux/phy.h
+#[repr(transparent)]
+pub struct DriverVTable(Opaque<bindings::phy_driver>);
+
+// SAFETY: `DriverVTable` doesn't expose any &self method to access internal data, so it's safe to
+// share `&DriverVTable` across execution context boundries.
+unsafe impl Sync for DriverVTable {}
+
+/// Creates a [`DriverVTable`] instance from [`Driver`].
+///
+/// This is used by [`module_phy_driver`] macro to create a static array of `phy_driver`.
+///
+/// [`module_phy_driver`]: crate::module_phy_driver
+pub const fn create_phy_driver<T: Driver>() -> DriverVTable {
+    // INVARIANT: All the fields of `struct phy_driver` are initialized properly.
+    DriverVTable(Opaque::new(bindings::phy_driver {
+        name: T::NAME.as_char_ptr().cast_mut(),
+        flags: T::FLAGS,
+        phy_id: T::PHY_DEVICE_ID.id,
+        phy_id_mask: T::PHY_DEVICE_ID.mask_as_int(),
+        soft_reset: if T::HAS_SOFT_RESET {
+            Some(Adapter::<T>::soft_reset_callback)
+        } else {
+            None
+        },
+        get_features: if T::HAS_GET_FEATURES {
+            Some(Adapter::<T>::get_features_callback)
+        } else {
+            None
+        },
+        match_phy_device: if T::HAS_MATCH_PHY_DEVICE {
+            Some(Adapter::<T>::match_phy_device_callback)
+        } else {
+            None
+        },
+        suspend: if T::HAS_SUSPEND {
+            Some(Adapter::<T>::suspend_callback)
+        } else {
+            None
+        },
+        resume: if T::HAS_RESUME {
+            Some(Adapter::<T>::resume_callback)
+        } else {
+            None
+        },
+        config_aneg: if T::HAS_CONFIG_ANEG {
+            Some(Adapter::<T>::config_aneg_callback)
+        } else {
+            None
+        },
+        read_status: if T::HAS_READ_STATUS {
+            Some(Adapter::<T>::read_status_callback)
+        } else {
+            None
+        },
+        read_mmd: if T::HAS_READ_MMD {
+            Some(Adapter::<T>::read_mmd_callback)
+        } else {
+            None
+        },
+        write_mmd: if T::HAS_WRITE_MMD {
+            Some(Adapter::<T>::write_mmd_callback)
+        } else {
+            None
+        },
+        link_change_notify: if T::HAS_LINK_CHANGE_NOTIFY {
+            Some(Adapter::<T>::link_change_notify_callback)
+        } else {
+            None
+        },
+        // SAFETY: The rest is zeroed out to initialize `struct phy_driver`,
+        // sets `Option<&F>` to be `None`.
+        ..unsafe { core::mem::MaybeUninit::<bindings::phy_driver>::zeroed().assume_init() }
+    }))
+}
+
+/// Driver implementation for a particular PHY type.
+///
+/// This trait is used to create a [`DriverVTable`].
+#[vtable]
+pub trait Driver {
+    /// Defines certain other features this PHY supports.
+    /// It is a combination of the flags in the [`flags`] module.
+    const FLAGS: u32 = 0;
+
+    /// The friendly name of this PHY type.
+    const NAME: &'static CStr;
+
+    /// This driver only works for PHYs with IDs which match this field.
+    /// The default id and mask are zero.
+    const PHY_DEVICE_ID: DeviceId = DeviceId::new_with_custom_mask(0, 0);
+
+    /// Issues a PHY software reset.
+    fn soft_reset(_dev: &mut Device) -> Result {
+        Err(code::ENOTSUPP)
+    }
+
+    /// Probes the hardware to determine what abilities it has.
+    fn get_features(_dev: &mut Device) -> Result {
+        Err(code::ENOTSUPP)
+    }
+
+    /// Returns true if this is a suitable driver for the given phydev.
+    /// If not implemented, matching is based on [`Driver::PHY_DEVICE_ID`].
+    fn match_phy_device(_dev: &Device) -> bool {
+        false
+    }
+
+    /// Configures the advertisement and resets auto-negotiation
+    /// if auto-negotiation is enabled.
+    fn config_aneg(_dev: &mut Device) -> Result {
+        Err(code::ENOTSUPP)
+    }
+
+    /// Determines the negotiated speed and duplex.
+    fn read_status(_dev: &mut Device) -> Result<u16> {
+        Err(code::ENOTSUPP)
+    }
+
+    /// Suspends the hardware, saving state if needed.
+    fn suspend(_dev: &mut Device) -> Result {
+        Err(code::ENOTSUPP)
+    }
+
+    /// Resumes the hardware, restoring state if needed.
+    fn resume(_dev: &mut Device) -> Result {
+        Err(code::ENOTSUPP)
+    }
+
+    /// Overrides the default MMD read function for reading a MMD register.
+    fn read_mmd(_dev: &mut Device, _devnum: u8, _regnum: u16) -> Result<u16> {
+        Err(code::ENOTSUPP)
+    }
+
+    /// Overrides the default MMD write function for writing a MMD register.
+    fn write_mmd(_dev: &mut Device, _devnum: u8, _regnum: u16, _val: u16) -> Result {
+        Err(code::ENOTSUPP)
+    }
+
+    /// Callback for notification of link change.
+    fn link_change_notify(_dev: &mut Device) {}
+}
+
+/// Registration structure for PHY drivers.
+///
+/// Registers [`DriverVTable`] instances with the kernel. They will be unregistered when dropped.
+///
+/// # Invariants
+///
+/// The `drivers` slice are currently registered to the kernel via `phy_drivers_register`.
+pub struct Registration {
+    drivers: Pin<&'static mut [DriverVTable]>,
+}
+
+impl Registration {
+    /// Registers a PHY driver.
+    pub fn register(
+        module: &'static crate::ThisModule,
+        drivers: Pin<&'static mut [DriverVTable]>,
+    ) -> Result<Self> {
+        if drivers.is_empty() {
+            return Err(code::EINVAL);
+        }
+        // SAFETY: The type invariants of [`DriverVTable`] ensure that all elements of
+        // the `drivers` slice are initialized properly. `drivers` will not be moved.
+        // So it's just an FFI call.
+        to_result(unsafe {
+            bindings::phy_drivers_register(drivers[0].0.get(), drivers.len().try_into()?, module.0)
+        })?;
+        // INVARIANT: The `drivers` slice is successfully registered to the kernel via `phy_drivers_register`.
+        Ok(Registration { drivers })
+    }
+}
+
+impl Drop for Registration {
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        // SAFETY: The type invariants guarantee that `self.drivers` is valid.
+        // So it's just an FFI call.
+        unsafe {
+            bindings::phy_drivers_unregister(self.drivers[0].0.get(), self.drivers.len() as i32)
+        };
+    }
+}
+
+/// An identifier for PHY devices on an MDIO/MII bus.
+///
+/// Represents the kernel's `struct mdio_device_id`. This is used to find an appropriate
+/// PHY driver.
+pub struct DeviceId {
+    id: u32,
+    mask: DeviceMask,
+}
+
+impl DeviceId {
+    /// Creates a new instance with the exact match mask.
+    pub const fn new_with_exact_mask(id: u32) -> Self {
+        DeviceId {
+            id,
+            mask: DeviceMask::Exact,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Creates a new instance with the model match mask.
+    pub const fn new_with_model_mask(id: u32) -> Self {
+        DeviceId {
+            id,
+            mask: DeviceMask::Model,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Creates a new instance with the vendor match mask.
+    pub const fn new_with_vendor_mask(id: u32) -> Self {
+        DeviceId {
+            id,
+            mask: DeviceMask::Vendor,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Creates a new instance with a custom match mask.
+    pub const fn new_with_custom_mask(id: u32, mask: u32) -> Self {
+        DeviceId {
+            id,
+            mask: DeviceMask::Custom(mask),
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Creates a new instance from [`Driver`].
+    pub const fn new_with_driver<T: Driver>() -> Self {
+        T::PHY_DEVICE_ID
+    }
+
+    /// Get a `mask` as u32.
+    pub const fn mask_as_int(&self) -> u32 {
+        self.mask.as_int()
+    }
+
+    // macro use only
+    #[doc(hidden)]
+    pub const fn mdio_device_id(&self) -> bindings::mdio_device_id {
+        bindings::mdio_device_id {
+            phy_id: self.id,
+            phy_id_mask: self.mask.as_int(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+enum DeviceMask {
+    Exact,
+    Model,
+    Vendor,
+    Custom(u32),
+}
+
+impl DeviceMask {
+    const MASK_EXACT: u32 = !0;
+    const MASK_MODEL: u32 = !0 << 4;
+    const MASK_VENDOR: u32 = !0 << 10;
+
+    const fn as_int(&self) -> u32 {
+        match self {
+            DeviceMask::Exact => Self::MASK_EXACT,
+            DeviceMask::Model => Self::MASK_MODEL,
+            DeviceMask::Vendor => Self::MASK_VENDOR,
+            DeviceMask::Custom(mask) => *mask,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Declares a kernel module for PHYs drivers.
+///
+/// This creates a static array of kernel's `struct phy_driver` and registers it.
+/// This also corresponds to the kernel's `MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE` macro, which embeds the information
+/// for module loading into the module binary file. Every driver needs an entry in `device_table`.
+///
+/// # Examples
+///
+/// ```
+/// # mod module_phy_driver_sample {
+/// use kernel::c_str;
+/// use kernel::net::phy::{self, DeviceId};
+/// use kernel::prelude::*;
+///
+/// kernel::module_phy_driver! {
+///     drivers: [PhySample],
+///     device_table: [
+///         DeviceId::new_with_driver::<PhySample>()
+///     ],
+///     name: "rust_sample_phy",
+///     author: "Rust for Linux Contributors",
+///     description: "Rust sample PHYs driver",
+///     license: "GPL",
+/// }
+///
+/// struct PhySample;
+///
+/// #[vtable]
+/// impl phy::Driver for PhySample {
+///     const NAME: &'static CStr = c_str!("PhySample");
+///     const PHY_DEVICE_ID: phy::DeviceId = phy::DeviceId::new_with_exact_mask(0x00000001);
+/// }
+/// # }
+/// ```
+///
+/// This expands to the following code:
+///
+/// ```ignore
+/// use kernel::c_str;
+/// use kernel::net::phy::{self, DeviceId};
+/// use kernel::prelude::*;
+///
+/// struct Module {
+///     _reg: ::kernel::net::phy::Registration,
+/// }
+///
+/// module! {
+///     type: Module,
+///     name: "rust_sample_phy",
+///     author: "Rust for Linux Contributors",
+///     description: "Rust sample PHYs driver",
+///     license: "GPL",
+/// }
+///
+/// struct PhySample;
+///
+/// #[vtable]
+/// impl phy::Driver for PhySample {
+///     const NAME: &'static CStr = c_str!("PhySample");
+///     const PHY_DEVICE_ID: phy::DeviceId = phy::DeviceId::new_with_exact_mask(0x00000001);
+/// }
+///
+/// const _: () = {
+///     static mut DRIVERS: [::kernel::net::phy::DriverVTable; 1] =
+///         [::kernel::net::phy::create_phy_driver::<PhySample>()];
+///
+///     impl ::kernel::Module for Module {
+///         fn init(module: &'static ThisModule) -> Result<Self> {
+///             let drivers = unsafe { &mut DRIVERS };
+///             let mut reg = ::kernel::net::phy::Registration::register(
+///                 module,
+///                 ::core::pin::Pin::static_mut(drivers),
+///             )?;
+///             Ok(Module { _reg: reg })
+///         }
+///     }
+/// };
+///
+/// #[cfg(MODULE)]
+/// #[no_mangle]
+/// static __mod_mdio__phydev_device_table: [::kernel::bindings::mdio_device_id; 2] = [
+///     ::kernel::bindings::mdio_device_id {
+///         phy_id: 0x00000001,
+///         phy_id_mask: 0xffffffff,
+///     },
+///     ::kernel::bindings::mdio_device_id {
+///         phy_id: 0,
+///         phy_id_mask: 0,
+///     },
+/// ];
+/// ```
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! module_phy_driver {
+    (@replace_expr $_t:tt $sub:expr) => {$sub};
+
+    (@count_devices $($x:expr),*) => {
+        0usize $(+ $crate::module_phy_driver!(@replace_expr $x 1usize))*
+    };
+
+    (@device_table [$($dev:expr),+]) => {
+        // SAFETY: C will not read off the end of this constant since the last element is zero.
+        #[cfg(MODULE)]
+        #[no_mangle]
+        static __mod_mdio__phydev_device_table: [$crate::bindings::mdio_device_id;
+            $crate::module_phy_driver!(@count_devices $($dev),+) + 1] = [
+            $($dev.mdio_device_id()),+,
+            $crate::bindings::mdio_device_id {
+                phy_id: 0,
+                phy_id_mask: 0
+            }
+        ];
+    };
+
+    (drivers: [$($driver:ident),+ $(,)?], device_table: [$($dev:expr),+ $(,)?], $($f:tt)*) => {
+        struct Module {
+            _reg: $crate::net::phy::Registration,
+        }
+
+        $crate::prelude::module! {
+            type: Module,
+            $($f)*
+        }
+
+        const _: () = {
+            static mut DRIVERS: [$crate::net::phy::DriverVTable;
+                $crate::module_phy_driver!(@count_devices $($driver),+)] =
+                [$($crate::net::phy::create_phy_driver::<$driver>()),+];
+
+            impl $crate::Module for Module {
+                fn init(module: &'static ThisModule) -> Result<Self> {
+                    // SAFETY: The anonymous constant guarantees that nobody else can access
+                    // the `DRIVERS` static. The array is used only in the C side.
+                    let drivers = unsafe { &mut DRIVERS };
+                    let mut reg = $crate::net::phy::Registration::register(
+                        module,
+                        ::core::pin::Pin::static_mut(drivers),
+                    )?;
+                    Ok(Module { _reg: reg })
+                }
+            }
+        };
+
+        $crate::module_phy_driver!(@device_table [$($dev),+]);
+    }
+}

rust/uapi/uapi_helper.h

···
  */
 
 #include <uapi/asm-generic/ioctl.h>
+#include <uapi/linux/mii.h>
+#include <uapi/linux/ethtool.h>