x86/mm/64: Initialize CR4.PCIDE early

cpu_init() is weird: it's called rather late (after early
identification and after most MMU state is initialized) on the boot
CPU but is called extremely early (before identification) on secondary
CPUs. It's called just late enough on the boot CPU that its CR4 value
isn't propagated to mmu_cr4_features.

Even if we put CR4.PCIDE into mmu_cr4_features, we'd hit two
problems. First, we'd crash in the trampoline code. That's
fixable, and I tried that. It turns out that mmu_cr4_features is
totally ignored by secondary_start_64(), though, so even with the
trampoline code fixed, it wouldn't help.

This means that we don't currently have CR4.PCIDE reliably initialized
before we start playing with cpu_tlbstate. This is very fragile and
tends to cause boot failures if I make even small changes to the TLB
handling code.

Make it more robust: initialize CR4.PCIDE earlier on the boot CPU
and propagate it to secondary CPUs in start_secondary().

( Yes, this is ugly. I think we should have improved mmu_cr4_features
to actually control CR4 during secondary bootup, but that would be
fairly intrusive at this stage. )

Signed-off-by: Andy Lutomirski <[e-mail]>
Reported-by: Sai Praneeth Prakhya <[e-mail]>
Tested-by: Sai Praneeth Prakhya <[e-mail]>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <[e-mail]>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <[e-mail]>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <[e-mail]>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <[e-mail]>
Cc: [e-mail]
Fixes: 660da7c9228f ("x86/mm: Enable CR4.PCIDE on supported systems")
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <[e-mail]>

arch/x86/kernel/cpu/common.c

···
 __setup("nompx", x86_mpx_setup);
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
-static int __init x86_pcid_setup(char *s)
+static int __init x86_nopcid_setup(char *s)
 {
-	/* require an exact match without trailing characters */
-	if (strlen(s))
-		return 0;
+	/* nopcid doesn't accept parameters */
+	if (s)
+		return -EINVAL;
 
 	/* do not emit a message if the feature is not present */
 	if (!boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_PCID))
-		return 1;
+		return 0;
 
 	setup_clear_cpu_cap(X86_FEATURE_PCID);
 	pr_info("nopcid: PCID feature disabled\n");
-	return 1;
+	return 0;
 }
-__setup("nopcid", x86_pcid_setup);
+early_param("nopcid", x86_nopcid_setup);
 #endif
 
 static int __init x86_noinvpcid_setup(char *s)
···
 #else
 		cr4_clear_bits(X86_CR4_SMAP);
 #endif
-	}
-}
-
-static void setup_pcid(struct cpuinfo_x86 *c)
-{
-	if (cpu_has(c, X86_FEATURE_PCID)) {
-		if (cpu_has(c, X86_FEATURE_PGE)) {
-			/*
-			 * We'd like to use cr4_set_bits_and_update_boot(),
-			 * but we can't.  CR4.PCIDE is special and can only
-			 * be set in long mode, and the early CPU init code
-			 * doesn't know this and would try to restore CR4.PCIDE
-			 * prior to entering long mode.
-			 *
-			 * Instead, we rely on the fact that hotplug, resume,
-			 * etc all fully restore CR4 before they write anything
-			 * that could have nonzero PCID bits to CR3.  CR4.PCIDE
-			 * has no effect on the page tables themselves, so we
-			 * don't need it to be restored early.
-			 */
-			cr4_set_bits(X86_CR4_PCIDE);
-		} else {
-			/*
-			 * flush_tlb_all(), as currently implemented, won't
-			 * work if PCID is on but PGE is not.  Since that
-			 * combination doesn't exist on real hardware, there's
-			 * no reason to try to fully support it, but it's
-			 * polite to avoid corrupting data if we're on
-			 * an improperly configured VM.
-			 */
-			clear_cpu_cap(c, X86_FEATURE_PCID);
-		}
 	}
 }
 
···
 	/* Set up SMEP/SMAP */
 	setup_smep(c);
 	setup_smap(c);
-
-	/* Set up PCID */
-	setup_pcid(c);
 
 	/*
 	 * The vendor-specific functions might have changed features.

arch/x86/kernel/setup.c

···
 	 * with the current CR4 value.  This may not be necessary, but
 	 * auditing all the early-boot CR4 manipulation would be needed to
 	 * rule it out.
+	 *
+	 * Mask off features that don't work outside long mode (just
+	 * PCIDE for now).
 	 */
-	mmu_cr4_features = __read_cr4();
+	mmu_cr4_features = __read_cr4() & ~X86_CR4_PCIDE;
 
 	memblock_set_current_limit(get_max_mapped());
 

arch/x86/kernel/smpboot.c

···
 static void notrace start_secondary(void *unused)
 {
 	/*
-	 * Don't put *anything* before cpu_init(), SMP booting is too
-	 * fragile that we want to limit the things done here to the
-	 * most necessary things.
+	 * Don't put *anything* except direct CPU state initialization
+	 * before cpu_init(), SMP booting is too fragile that we want to
+	 * limit the things done here to the most necessary things.
 	 */
+	if (boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_PCID))
+		__write_cr4(__read_cr4() | X86_CR4_PCIDE);
 	cpu_init();
 	x86_cpuinit.early_percpu_clock_init();
 	preempt_disable();

arch/x86/mm/init.c

···
 #include <asm/microcode.h>
 #include <asm/kaslr.h>
 #include <asm/hypervisor.h>
+#include <asm/cpufeature.h>
 
 /*
  * We need to define the tracepoints somewhere, and tlb.c
···
 	} else {
 		direct_gbpages = 0;
 	}
+}
+
+static void setup_pcid(void)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
+	if (boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_PCID)) {
+		if (boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_PGE)) {
+			/*
+			 * This can't be cr4_set_bits_and_update_boot() --
+			 * the trampoline code can't handle CR4.PCIDE and
+			 * it wouldn't do any good anyway.  Despite the name,
+			 * cr4_set_bits_and_update_boot() doesn't actually
+			 * cause the bits in question to remain set all the
+			 * way through the secondary boot asm.
+			 *
+			 * Instead, we brute-force it and set CR4.PCIDE
+			 * manually in start_secondary().
+			 */
+			cr4_set_bits(X86_CR4_PCIDE);
+		} else {
+			/*
+			 * flush_tlb_all(), as currently implemented, won't
+			 * work if PCID is on but PGE is not.  Since that
+			 * combination doesn't exist on real hardware, there's
+			 * no reason to try to fully support it, but it's
+			 * polite to avoid corrupting data if we're on
+			 * an improperly configured VM.
+			 */
+			setup_clear_cpu_cap(X86_FEATURE_PCID);
+		}
+	}
+#endif
 }
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
···
 	unsigned long end;
 
 	probe_page_size_mask();
+	setup_pcid();
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
 	end = max_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT;