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kbuild: doc: improve KBUILD_BUILD_TIMESTAMP documentation

This patch adds an example of how to set KBUILD_BUILD_TIMESTAMP to a
specific date. Also, note that the provided timestamp is used for
initramfs mtime fields, which are 32-bit and thus limited to dates
between the Unix epoch and 2106-02-07 06:28:15 UTC. Dates outside this
range will cause errors.

Suggested-by: David Disseldorp <ddiss@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Gang Yan <yangang@kylinos.cn>
Reviewed-by: David Disseldorp <ddiss@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Nicolas Schier <nsc@kernel.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251017021209.6586-1-gang.yan@linux.dev
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Schier <nsc@kernel.org>

authored by

Gang Yan and committed by
Nicolas Schier
bfb046f6 af61da28

+8 -2
+8 -2
Documentation/kbuild/kbuild.rst
··· 328 328 ---------------------- 329 329 Setting this to a date string overrides the timestamp used in the 330 330 UTS_VERSION definition (uname -v in the running kernel). The value has to 331 - be a string that can be passed to date -d. The default value 332 - is the output of the date command at one point during build. 331 + be a string that can be passed to date -d. E.g.:: 332 + 333 + $ KBUILD_BUILD_TIMESTAMP="Mon Oct 13 00:00:00 UTC 2025" make 334 + 335 + The default value is the output of the date command at one point during 336 + build. If provided, this timestamp will also be used for mtime fields 337 + within any initramfs archive. Initramfs mtimes are 32-bit, so dates before 338 + the 1970 Unix epoch, or after 2106-02-07 06:28:15 UTC will fail. 333 339 334 340 KBUILD_BUILD_USER, KBUILD_BUILD_HOST 335 341 ------------------------------------