Merge git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mingo/linux-2.6-sched

* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mingo/linux-2.6-sched: (61 commits)
sched: refine negative nice level granularity
sched: fix update_stats_enqueue() reniced codepath
sched: round a bit better
sched: make the multiplication table more accurate
sched: optimize update_rq_clock() calls in the load-balancer
sched: optimize activate_task()
sched: clean up set_curr_task_fair()
sched: remove __update_rq_clock() call from entity_tick()
sched: move the __update_rq_clock() call to scheduler_tick()
sched debug: remove the 'u64 now' parameter from print_task()/_rq()
sched: remove the 'u64 now' local variables
sched: remove the 'u64 now' parameter from deactivate_task()
sched: remove the 'u64 now' parameter from dequeue_task()
sched: remove the 'u64 now' parameter from enqueue_task()
sched: remove the 'u64 now' parameter from dec_nr_running()
sched: remove the 'u64 now' parameter from inc_nr_running()
sched: remove the 'u64 now' parameter from dec_load()
sched: remove the 'u64 now' parameter from inc_load()
sched: remove the 'u64 now' parameter from update_curr_load()
sched: remove the 'u64 now' parameter from ->task_new()
...

Documentation/sched-design-CFS.txt

···
    CFS uses nanosecond granularity accounting and does not rely on any
    jiffies or other HZ detail. Thus the CFS scheduler has no notion of
    'timeslices' and has no heuristics whatsoever. There is only one
-   central tunable:
+   central tunable (you have to switch on CONFIG_SCHED_DEBUG):
 
          /proc/sys/kernel/sched_granularity_ns
 

Documentation/sched-nice-design.txt

···
+This document explains the thinking about the revamped and streamlined
+nice-levels implementation in the new Linux scheduler.
+
+Nice levels were always pretty weak under Linux and people continuously
+pestered us to make nice +19 tasks use up much less CPU time.
+
+Unfortunately that was not that easy to implement under the old
+scheduler, (otherwise we'd have done it long ago) because nice level
+support was historically coupled to timeslice length, and timeslice
+units were driven by the HZ tick, so the smallest timeslice was 1/HZ.
+
+In the O(1) scheduler (in 2003) we changed negative nice levels to be
+much stronger than they were before in 2.4 (and people were happy about
+that change), and we also intentionally calibrated the linear timeslice
+rule so that nice +19 level would be _exactly_ 1 jiffy. To better
+understand it, the timeslice graph went like this (cheesy ASCII art
+alert!):
+
+
+                   A
+             \     | [timeslice length]
+              \    |
+               \   |
+                \  |
+                 \ |
+                  \|___100msecs
+                   |^ . _
+                   |      ^ . _
+                   |            ^ . _
+ -*----------------------------------*-----> [nice level]
+ -20               |                +19
+                   |
+                   |
+
+So that if someone wanted to really renice tasks, +19 would give a much
+bigger hit than the normal linear rule would do. (The solution of
+changing the ABI to extend priorities was discarded early on.)
+
+This approach worked to some degree for some time, but later on with
+HZ=1000 it caused 1 jiffy to be 1 msec, which meant 0.1% CPU usage which
+we felt to be a bit excessive. Excessive _not_ because it's too small of
+a CPU utilization, but because it causes too frequent (once per
+millisec) rescheduling. (and would thus trash the cache, etc. Remember,
+this was long ago when hardware was weaker and caches were smaller, and
+people were running number crunching apps at nice +19.)
+
+So for HZ=1000 we changed nice +19 to 5msecs, because that felt like the
+right minimal granularity - and this translates to 5% CPU utilization.
+But the fundamental HZ-sensitive property for nice+19 still remained,
+and we never got a single complaint about nice +19 being too _weak_ in
+terms of CPU utilization, we only got complaints about it (still) being
+too _strong_ :-)
+
+To sum it up: we always wanted to make nice levels more consistent, but
+within the constraints of HZ and jiffies and their nasty design level
+coupling to timeslices and granularity it was not really viable.
+
+The second (less frequent but still periodically occuring) complaint
+about Linux's nice level support was its assymetry around the origo
+(which you can see demonstrated in the picture above), or more
+accurately: the fact that nice level behavior depended on the _absolute_
+nice level as well, while the nice API itself is fundamentally
+"relative":
+
+   int nice(int inc);
+
+   asmlinkage long sys_nice(int increment)
+
+(the first one is the glibc API, the second one is the syscall API.)
+Note that the 'inc' is relative to the current nice level. Tools like
+bash's "nice" command mirror this relative API.
+
+With the old scheduler, if you for example started a niced task with +1
+and another task with +2, the CPU split between the two tasks would
+depend on the nice level of the parent shell - if it was at nice -10 the
+CPU split was different than if it was at +5 or +10.
+
+A third complaint against Linux's nice level support was that negative
+nice levels were not 'punchy enough', so lots of people had to resort to
+run audio (and other multimedia) apps under RT priorities such as
+SCHED_FIFO. But this caused other problems: SCHED_FIFO is not starvation
+proof, and a buggy SCHED_FIFO app can also lock up the system for good.
+
+The new scheduler in v2.6.23 addresses all three types of complaints:
+
+To address the first complaint (of nice levels being not "punchy"
+enough), the scheduler was decoupled from 'time slice' and HZ concepts
+(and granularity was made a separate concept from nice levels) and thus
+it was possible to implement better and more consistent nice +19
+support: with the new scheduler nice +19 tasks get a HZ-independent
+1.5%, instead of the variable 3%-5%-9% range they got in the old
+scheduler.
+
+To address the second complaint (of nice levels not being consistent),
+the new scheduler makes nice(1) have the same CPU utilization effect on
+tasks, regardless of their absolute nice levels. So on the new
+scheduler, running a nice +10 and a nice 11 task has the same CPU
+utilization "split" between them as running a nice -5 and a nice -4
+task. (one will get 55% of the CPU, the other 45%.) That is why nice
+levels were changed to be "multiplicative" (or exponential) - that way
+it does not matter which nice level you start out from, the 'relative
+result' will always be the same.
+
+The third complaint (of negative nice levels not being "punchy" enough
+and forcing audio apps to run under the more dangerous SCHED_FIFO
+scheduling policy) is addressed by the new scheduler almost
+automatically: stronger negative nice levels are an automatic
+side-effect of the recalibrated dynamic range of nice levels.

include/linux/sched.h

···
 extern void proc_sched_show_task(struct task_struct *p, struct seq_file *m);
 extern void proc_sched_set_task(struct task_struct *p);
 extern void
-print_cfs_rq(struct seq_file *m, int cpu, struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, u64 now);
+print_cfs_rq(struct seq_file *m, int cpu, struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq);
 #else
 static inline void
 proc_sched_show_task(struct task_struct *p, struct seq_file *m)
···
 {
 }
 static inline void
-print_cfs_rq(struct seq_file *m, int cpu, struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, u64 now)
+print_cfs_rq(struct seq_file *m, int cpu, struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
 {
 }
 #endif
···
 struct sched_class {
 	struct sched_class *next;
 
-	void (*enqueue_task) (struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p,
-			      int wakeup, u64 now);
-	void (*dequeue_task) (struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p,
-			      int sleep, u64 now);
+	void (*enqueue_task) (struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p, int wakeup);
+	void (*dequeue_task) (struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p, int sleep);
 	void (*yield_task) (struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p);
 
 	void (*check_preempt_curr) (struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p);
 
-	struct task_struct * (*pick_next_task) (struct rq *rq, u64 now);
-	void (*put_prev_task) (struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p, u64 now);
+	struct task_struct * (*pick_next_task) (struct rq *rq);
+	void (*put_prev_task) (struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p);
 
-	int (*load_balance) (struct rq *this_rq, int this_cpu,
+	unsigned long (*load_balance) (struct rq *this_rq, int this_cpu,
 			struct rq *busiest,
 			unsigned long max_nr_move, unsigned long max_load_move,
 			struct sched_domain *sd, enum cpu_idle_type idle,
-			int *all_pinned, unsigned long *total_load_moved);
+			int *all_pinned, int *this_best_prio);
 
 	void (*set_curr_task) (struct rq *rq);
 	void (*task_tick) (struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p);
-	void (*task_new) (struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p, u64 now);
+	void (*task_new) (struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p);
 };
 
 struct load_weight {

kernel/sched.c

···
 }
 
 /*
- * Per-runqueue clock, as finegrained as the platform can give us:
+ * Update the per-runqueue clock, as finegrained as the platform can give
+ * us, but without assuming monotonicity, etc.:
  */
-static unsigned long long __rq_clock(struct rq *rq)
+static void __update_rq_clock(struct rq *rq)
 {
 	u64 prev_raw = rq->prev_clock_raw;
 	u64 now = sched_clock();
 	s64 delta = now - prev_raw;
 	u64 clock = rq->clock;
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_DEBUG
+	WARN_ON_ONCE(cpu_of(rq) != smp_processor_id());
+#endif
 	/*
 	 * Protect against sched_clock() occasionally going backwards:
 	 */
···
 
 	rq->prev_clock_raw = now;
 	rq->clock = clock;
-
-	return clock;
 }
 
-static inline unsigned long long rq_clock(struct rq *rq)
+static void update_rq_clock(struct rq *rq)
 {
-	int this_cpu = smp_processor_id();
-
-	if (this_cpu == cpu_of(rq))
-		return __rq_clock(rq);
-
-	return rq->clock;
+	if (likely(smp_processor_id() == cpu_of(rq)))
+		__update_rq_clock(rq);
 }
 
 /*
···
 {
 	unsigned long long now;
 	unsigned long flags;
+	struct rq *rq;
 
 	local_irq_save(flags);
-	now = rq_clock(cpu_rq(cpu));
+	rq = cpu_rq(cpu);
+	update_rq_clock(rq);
+	now = rq->clock;
 	local_irq_restore(flags);
 
 	return now;
···
 
 #define WMULT_SHIFT	32
 
+/*
+ * Shift right and round:
+ */
+#define RSR(x, y) (((x) + (1UL << ((y) - 1))) >> (y))
+
 static unsigned long
 calc_delta_mine(unsigned long delta_exec, unsigned long weight,
 		struct load_weight *lw)
···
 	u64 tmp;
 
 	if (unlikely(!lw->inv_weight))
-		lw->inv_weight = WMULT_CONST / lw->weight;
+		lw->inv_weight = (WMULT_CONST - lw->weight/2) / lw->weight + 1;
 
 	tmp = (u64)delta_exec * weight;
 	/*
 	 * Check whether we'd overflow the 64-bit multiplication:
 	 */
-	if (unlikely(tmp > WMULT_CONST)) {
-		tmp = ((tmp >> WMULT_SHIFT/2) * lw->inv_weight)
-				>> (WMULT_SHIFT/2);
-	} else {
-		tmp = (tmp * lw->inv_weight) >> WMULT_SHIFT;
-	}
+	if (unlikely(tmp > WMULT_CONST))
+		tmp = RSR(RSR(tmp, WMULT_SHIFT/2) * lw->inv_weight,
+			WMULT_SHIFT/2);
+	else
+		tmp = RSR(tmp * lw->inv_weight, WMULT_SHIFT);
 
 	return (unsigned long)min(tmp, (u64)(unsigned long)LONG_MAX);
 }
···
  * the relative distance between them is ~25%.)
  */
 static const int prio_to_weight[40] = {
-/* -20 */ 88818, 71054, 56843, 45475, 36380, 29104, 23283, 18626, 14901, 11921,
-/* -10 */  9537,  7629,  6103,  4883,  3906,  3125,  2500,  2000,  1600,  1280,
-/*   0 */  NICE_0_LOAD /* 1024 */,
-/*   1 */          819,   655,   524,   419,   336,   268,   215,   172,   137,
-/*  10 */   110,    87,    70,    56,    45,    36,    29,    23,    18,    15,
+ /* -20 */     88761,     71755,     56483,     46273,     36291,
+ /* -15 */     29154,     23254,     18705,     14949,     11916,
+ /* -10 */      9548,      7620,      6100,      4904,      3906,
+ /*  -5 */      3121,      2501,      1991,      1586,      1277,
+ /*   0 */      1024,       820,       655,       526,       423,
+ /*   5 */       335,       272,       215,       172,       137,
+ /*  10 */       110,        87,        70,        56,        45,
+ /*  15 */        36,        29,        23,        18,        15,
 };
 
 /*
···
  * into multiplications:
  */
 static const u32 prio_to_wmult[40] = {
-/* -20 */     48356,     60446,     75558,     94446,    118058,
-/* -15 */    147573,    184467,    230589,    288233,    360285,
-/* -10 */    450347,    562979,    703746,    879575,   1099582,
-/*  -5 */   1374389,   1717986,   2147483,   2684354,   3355443,
-/*   0 */   4194304,   5244160,   6557201,   8196502,  10250518,
-/*   5 */  12782640,  16025997,  19976592,  24970740,  31350126,
-/*  10 */  39045157,  49367440,  61356675,  76695844,  95443717,
-/*  15 */ 119304647, 148102320, 186737708, 238609294, 286331153,
+ /* -20 */     48388,     59856,     76040,     92818,    118348,
+ /* -15 */    147320,    184698,    229616,    287308,    360437,
+ /* -10 */    449829,    563644,    704093,    875809,   1099582,
+ /*  -5 */   1376151,   1717300,   2157191,   2708050,   3363326,
+ /*   0 */   4194304,   5237765,   6557202,   8165337,  10153587,
+ /*   5 */  12820798,  15790321,  19976592,  24970740,  31350126,
+ /*  10 */  39045157,  49367440,  61356676,  76695844,  95443717,
+ /*  15 */ 119304647, 148102320, 186737708, 238609294, 286331153,
 };
 
 static void activate_task(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p, int wakeup);
···
 		      unsigned long max_nr_move, unsigned long max_load_move,
 		      struct sched_domain *sd, enum cpu_idle_type idle,
 		      int *all_pinned, unsigned long *load_moved,
-		      int this_best_prio, int best_prio, int best_prio_seen,
-		      struct rq_iterator *iterator);
+		      int *this_best_prio, struct rq_iterator *iterator);
 
 #include "sched_stats.h"
 #include "sched_rt.c"
···
  * This function is called /before/ updating rq->ls.load
  * and when switching tasks.
  */
-static void update_curr_load(struct rq *rq, u64 now)
+static void update_curr_load(struct rq *rq)
 {
 	struct load_stat *ls = &rq->ls;
 	u64 start;
 
 	start = ls->load_update_start;
-	ls->load_update_start = now;
-	ls->delta_stat += now - start;
+	ls->load_update_start = rq->clock;
+	ls->delta_stat += rq->clock - start;
 	/*
 	 * Stagger updates to ls->delta_fair. Very frequent updates
 	 * can be expensive.
···
 		__update_curr_load(rq, ls);
 }
 
-static inline void
-inc_load(struct rq *rq, const struct task_struct *p, u64 now)
+static inline void inc_load(struct rq *rq, const struct task_struct *p)
 {
-	update_curr_load(rq, now);
+	update_curr_load(rq);
 	update_load_add(&rq->ls.load, p->se.load.weight);
 }
 
-static inline void
-dec_load(struct rq *rq, const struct task_struct *p, u64 now)
+static inline void dec_load(struct rq *rq, const struct task_struct *p)
 {
-	update_curr_load(rq, now);
+	update_curr_load(rq);
 	update_load_sub(&rq->ls.load, p->se.load.weight);
 }
 
-static void inc_nr_running(struct task_struct *p, struct rq *rq, u64 now)
+static void inc_nr_running(struct task_struct *p, struct rq *rq)
 {
 	rq->nr_running++;
-	inc_load(rq, p, now);
+	inc_load(rq, p);
 }
 
-static void dec_nr_running(struct task_struct *p, struct rq *rq, u64 now)
+static void dec_nr_running(struct task_struct *p, struct rq *rq)
 {
 	rq->nr_running--;
-	dec_load(rq, p, now);
+	dec_load(rq, p);
 }
 
 static void set_load_weight(struct task_struct *p)
···
 	p->se.load.inv_weight = prio_to_wmult[p->static_prio - MAX_RT_PRIO];
 }
 
-static void
-enqueue_task(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p, int wakeup, u64 now)
+static void enqueue_task(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p, int wakeup)
 {
 	sched_info_queued(p);
-	p->sched_class->enqueue_task(rq, p, wakeup, now);
+	p->sched_class->enqueue_task(rq, p, wakeup);
 	p->se.on_rq = 1;
 }
 
-static void
-dequeue_task(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p, int sleep, u64 now)
+static void dequeue_task(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p, int sleep)
 {
-	p->sched_class->dequeue_task(rq, p, sleep, now);
+	p->sched_class->dequeue_task(rq, p, sleep);
 	p->se.on_rq = 0;
 }
 
···
  */
 static void activate_task(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p, int wakeup)
 {
-	u64 now = rq_clock(rq);
-
 	if (p->state == TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE)
 		rq->nr_uninterruptible--;
 
-	enqueue_task(rq, p, wakeup, now);
-	inc_nr_running(p, rq, now);
+	enqueue_task(rq, p, wakeup);
+	inc_nr_running(p, rq);
 }
 
 /*
···
  */
 static inline void activate_idle_task(struct task_struct *p, struct rq *rq)
 {
-	u64 now = rq_clock(rq);
+	update_rq_clock(rq);
 
 	if (p->state == TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE)
 		rq->nr_uninterruptible--;
 
-	enqueue_task(rq, p, 0, now);
-	inc_nr_running(p, rq, now);
+	enqueue_task(rq, p, 0);
+	inc_nr_running(p, rq);
 }
 
 /*
···
  */
 static void deactivate_task(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p, int sleep)
 {
-	u64 now = rq_clock(rq);
-
 	if (p->state == TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE)
 		rq->nr_uninterruptible++;
 
-	dequeue_task(rq, p, sleep, now);
-	dec_nr_running(p, rq, now);
+	dequeue_task(rq, p, sleep);
+	dec_nr_running(p, rq);
 }
 
 /**
···
 
 out_activate:
 #endif /* CONFIG_SMP */
+	update_rq_clock(rq);
 	activate_task(rq, p, 1);
 	/*
 	 * Sync wakeups (i.e. those types of wakeups where the waker
···
 	unsigned long flags;
 	struct rq *rq;
 	int this_cpu;
-	u64 now;
 
 	rq = task_rq_lock(p, &flags);
 	BUG_ON(p->state != TASK_RUNNING);
 	this_cpu = smp_processor_id(); /* parent's CPU */
-	now = rq_clock(rq);
+	update_rq_clock(rq);
 
 	p->prio = effective_prio(p);
 
···
 		 * Let the scheduling class do new task startup
 		 * management (if any):
 		 */
-		p->sched_class->task_new(rq, p, now);
-		inc_nr_running(p, rq, now);
+		p->sched_class->task_new(rq, p);
+		inc_nr_running(p, rq);
 	}
 	check_preempt_curr(rq, p);
 	task_rq_unlock(rq, &flags);
···
 	unsigned long total_load = this_rq->ls.load.weight;
 	unsigned long this_load =  total_load;
 	struct load_stat *ls = &this_rq->ls;
-	u64 now = __rq_clock(this_rq);
 	int i, scale;
 
 	this_rq->nr_load_updates++;
···
 		goto do_avg;
 
 	/* Update delta_fair/delta_exec fields first */
-	update_curr_load(this_rq, now);
+	update_curr_load(this_rq);
 
 	fair_delta64 = ls->delta_fair + 1;
 	ls->delta_fair = 0;
···
 	exec_delta64 = ls->delta_exec + 1;
 	ls->delta_exec = 0;
 
-	sample_interval64 = now - ls->load_update_last;
-	ls->load_update_last = now;
+	sample_interval64 = this_rq->clock - ls->load_update_last;
+	ls->load_update_last = this_rq->clock;
 
 	if ((s64)sample_interval64 < (s64)TICK_NSEC)
 		sample_interval64 = TICK_NSEC;
···
 			spin_lock(&rq1->lock);
 		}
 	}
+	update_rq_clock(rq1);
+	update_rq_clock(rq2);
 }
 
 /*
···
 		      unsigned long max_nr_move, unsigned long max_load_move,
 		      struct sched_domain *sd, enum cpu_idle_type idle,
 		      int *all_pinned, unsigned long *load_moved,
-		      int this_best_prio, int best_prio, int best_prio_seen,
-		      struct rq_iterator *iterator)
+		      int *this_best_prio, struct rq_iterator *iterator)
 {
 	int pulled = 0, pinned = 0, skip_for_load;
 	struct task_struct *p;
···
 	 */
 	skip_for_load = (p->se.load.weight >> 1) > rem_load_move +
 							 SCHED_LOAD_SCALE_FUZZ;
-	if (skip_for_load && p->prio < this_best_prio)
-		skip_for_load = !best_prio_seen && p->prio == best_prio;
-	if (skip_for_load ||
+	if ((skip_for_load && p->prio >= *this_best_prio) ||
 	    !can_migrate_task(p, busiest, this_cpu, sd, idle, &pinned)) {
-
-		best_prio_seen |= p->prio == best_prio;
 		p = iterator->next(iterator->arg);
 		goto next;
 	}
···
 	 * and the prescribed amount of weighted load.
 	 */
 	if (pulled < max_nr_move && rem_load_move > 0) {
-		if (p->prio < this_best_prio)
-			this_best_prio = p->prio;
+		if (p->prio < *this_best_prio)
+			*this_best_prio = p->prio;
 		p = iterator->next(iterator->arg);
 		goto next;
 	}
···
 }
 
 /*
- * move_tasks tries to move up to max_nr_move tasks and max_load_move weighted
- * load from busiest to this_rq, as part of a balancing operation within
- * "domain". Returns the number of tasks moved.
+ * move_tasks tries to move up to max_load_move weighted load from busiest to
+ * this_rq, as part of a balancing operation within domain "sd".
+ * Returns 1 if successful and 0 otherwise.
  *
  * Called with both runqueues locked.
  */
 static int move_tasks(struct rq *this_rq, int this_cpu, struct rq *busiest,
-		      unsigned long max_nr_move, unsigned long max_load_move,
+		      unsigned long max_load_move,
 		      struct sched_domain *sd, enum cpu_idle_type idle,
 		      int *all_pinned)
 {
 	struct sched_class *class = sched_class_highest;
-	unsigned long load_moved, total_nr_moved = 0, nr_moved;
-	long rem_load_move = max_load_move;
+	unsigned long total_load_moved = 0;
+	int this_best_prio = this_rq->curr->prio;
 
 	do {
-		nr_moved = class->load_balance(this_rq, this_cpu, busiest,
-				max_nr_move, (unsigned long)rem_load_move,
-				sd, idle, all_pinned, &load_moved);
-		total_nr_moved += nr_moved;
-		max_nr_move -= nr_moved;
-		rem_load_move -= load_moved;
+		total_load_moved +=
+			class->load_balance(this_rq, this_cpu, busiest,
+				ULONG_MAX, max_load_move - total_load_moved,
+				sd, idle, all_pinned, &this_best_prio);
 		class = class->next;
-	} while (class && max_nr_move && rem_load_move > 0);
+	} while (class && max_load_move > total_load_moved);
 
-	return total_nr_moved;
+	return total_load_moved > 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * move_one_task tries to move exactly one task from busiest to this_rq, as
+ * part of active balancing operations within "domain".
+ * Returns 1 if successful and 0 otherwise.
+ *
+ * Called with both runqueues locked.
+ */
+static int move_one_task(struct rq *this_rq, int this_cpu, struct rq *busiest,
+			 struct sched_domain *sd, enum cpu_idle_type idle)
+{
+	struct sched_class *class;
+	int this_best_prio = MAX_PRIO;
+
+	for (class = sched_class_highest; class; class = class->next)
+		if (class->load_balance(this_rq, this_cpu, busiest,
+					1, ULONG_MAX, sd, idle, NULL,
+					&this_best_prio))
+			return 1;
+
+	return 0;
 }
 
 /*
···
  */
 #define MAX_PINNED_INTERVAL	512
 
-static inline unsigned long minus_1_or_zero(unsigned long n)
-{
-	return n > 0 ? n - 1 : 0;
-}
-
 /*
  * Check this_cpu to ensure it is balanced within domain. Attempt to move
  * tasks if there is an imbalance.
···
 			struct sched_domain *sd, enum cpu_idle_type idle,
 			int *balance)
 {
-	int nr_moved, all_pinned = 0, active_balance = 0, sd_idle = 0;
+	int ld_moved, all_pinned = 0, active_balance = 0, sd_idle = 0;
 	struct sched_group *group;
 	unsigned long imbalance;
 	struct rq *busiest;
···
 
 	schedstat_add(sd, lb_imbalance[idle], imbalance);
 
-	nr_moved = 0;
+	ld_moved = 0;
 	if (busiest->nr_running > 1) {
 		/*
 		 * Attempt to move tasks. If find_busiest_group has found
 		 * an imbalance but busiest->nr_running <= 1, the group is
-		 * still unbalanced. nr_moved simply stays zero, so it is
+		 * still unbalanced. ld_moved simply stays zero, so it is
 		 * correctly treated as an imbalance.
 		 */
 		local_irq_save(flags);
 		double_rq_lock(this_rq, busiest);
-		nr_moved = move_tasks(this_rq, this_cpu, busiest,
-				      minus_1_or_zero(busiest->nr_running),
+		ld_moved = move_tasks(this_rq, this_cpu, busiest,
 				      imbalance, sd, idle, &all_pinned);
 		double_rq_unlock(this_rq, busiest);
 		local_irq_restore(flags);
···
 		/*
 		 * some other cpu did the load balance for us.
 		 */
-		if (nr_moved && this_cpu != smp_processor_id())
+		if (ld_moved && this_cpu != smp_processor_id())
 			resched_cpu(this_cpu);
 
 		/* All tasks on this runqueue were pinned by CPU affinity */
···
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (!nr_moved) {
+	if (!ld_moved) {
 		schedstat_inc(sd, lb_failed[idle]);
 		sd->nr_balance_failed++;
 
···
 			sd->balance_interval *= 2;
 	}
 
-	if (!nr_moved && !sd_idle && sd->flags & SD_SHARE_CPUPOWER &&
+	if (!ld_moved && !sd_idle && sd->flags & SD_SHARE_CPUPOWER &&
 	    !test_sd_parent(sd, SD_POWERSAVINGS_BALANCE))
 		return -1;
-	return nr_moved;
+	return ld_moved;
 
 out_balanced:
 	schedstat_inc(sd, lb_balanced[idle]);
···
 	struct sched_group *group;
 	struct rq *busiest = NULL;
 	unsigned long imbalance;
-	int nr_moved = 0;
+	int ld_moved = 0;
 	int sd_idle = 0;
 	int all_pinned = 0;
 	cpumask_t cpus = CPU_MASK_ALL;
···
 
 	schedstat_add(sd, lb_imbalance[CPU_NEWLY_IDLE], imbalance);
 
-	nr_moved = 0;
+	ld_moved = 0;
 	if (busiest->nr_running > 1) {
 		/* Attempt to move tasks */
 		double_lock_balance(this_rq, busiest);
-		nr_moved = move_tasks(this_rq, this_cpu, busiest,
-					minus_1_or_zero(busiest->nr_running),
+		/* this_rq->clock is already updated */
+		update_rq_clock(busiest);
+		ld_moved = move_tasks(this_rq, this_cpu, busiest,
 					imbalance, sd, CPU_NEWLY_IDLE,
 					&all_pinned);
 		spin_unlock(&busiest->lock);
···
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (!nr_moved) {
+	if (!ld_moved) {
 		schedstat_inc(sd, lb_failed[CPU_NEWLY_IDLE]);
 		if (!sd_idle && sd->flags & SD_SHARE_CPUPOWER &&
 		    !test_sd_parent(sd, SD_POWERSAVINGS_BALANCE))
···
 	} else
 		sd->nr_balance_failed = 0;
 
-	return nr_moved;
+	return ld_moved;
 
 out_balanced:
 	schedstat_inc(sd, lb_balanced[CPU_NEWLY_IDLE]);
···
 
 	/* move a task from busiest_rq to target_rq */
 	double_lock_balance(busiest_rq, target_rq);
+	update_rq_clock(busiest_rq);
+	update_rq_clock(target_rq);
 
 	/* Search for an sd spanning us and the target CPU. */
 	for_each_domain(target_cpu, sd) {
···
 	if (likely(sd)) {
 		schedstat_inc(sd, alb_cnt);
 
-		if (move_tasks(target_rq, target_cpu, busiest_rq, 1,
-			       ULONG_MAX, sd, CPU_IDLE, NULL))
+		if (move_one_task(target_rq, target_cpu, busiest_rq,
+				  sd, CPU_IDLE))
 			schedstat_inc(sd, alb_pushed);
 		else
 			schedstat_inc(sd, alb_failed);
···
 		      unsigned long max_nr_move, unsigned long max_load_move,
 		      struct sched_domain *sd, enum cpu_idle_type idle,
 		      int *all_pinned, unsigned long *load_moved,
-		      int this_best_prio, int best_prio, int best_prio_seen,
-		      struct rq_iterator *iterator)
+		      int *this_best_prio, struct rq_iterator *iterator)
 {
 	*load_moved = 0;
 
···
 	rq = task_rq_lock(p, &flags);
 	ns = p->se.sum_exec_runtime;
 	if (rq->curr == p) {
-		delta_exec = rq_clock(rq) - p->se.exec_start;
+		update_rq_clock(rq);
+		delta_exec = rq->clock - p->se.exec_start;
 		if ((s64)delta_exec > 0)
 			ns += delta_exec;
 	}
···
 	struct task_struct *curr = rq->curr;
 
 	spin_lock(&rq->lock);
+	__update_rq_clock(rq);
+	update_cpu_load(rq);
 	if (curr != rq->idle) /* FIXME: needed? */
 		curr->sched_class->task_tick(rq, curr);
-	update_cpu_load(rq);
 	spin_unlock(&rq->lock);
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
···
  * Pick up the highest-prio task:
  */
 static inline struct task_struct *
-pick_next_task(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *prev, u64 now)
+pick_next_task(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *prev)
 {
 	struct sched_class *class;
 	struct task_struct *p;
···
 	 * the fair class we can call that function directly:
 	 */
 	if (likely(rq->nr_running == rq->cfs.nr_running)) {
-		p = fair_sched_class.pick_next_task(rq, now);
+		p = fair_sched_class.pick_next_task(rq);
 		if (likely(p))
 			return p;
 	}
 
 	class = sched_class_highest;
 	for ( ; ; ) {
-		p = class->pick_next_task(rq, now);
+		p = class->pick_next_task(rq);
 		if (p)
 			return p;
 		/*
···
 	struct task_struct *prev, *next;
 	long *switch_count;
 	struct rq *rq;
-	u64 now;
 	int cpu;
 
 need_resched:
···
 
 	spin_lock_irq(&rq->lock);
 	clear_tsk_need_resched(prev);
+	__update_rq_clock(rq);
 
 	if (prev->state && !(preempt_count() & PREEMPT_ACTIVE)) {
 		if (unlikely((prev->state & TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE) &&
···
 	if (unlikely(!rq->nr_running))
 		idle_balance(cpu, rq);
 
-	now = __rq_clock(rq);
-	prev->sched_class->put_prev_task(rq, prev, now);
-	next = pick_next_task(rq, prev, now);
+	prev->sched_class->put_prev_task(rq, prev);
+	next = pick_next_task(rq, prev);
 
 	sched_info_switch(prev, next);
 
···
 	unsigned long flags;
 	int oldprio, on_rq;
 	struct rq *rq;
-	u64 now;
 
 	BUG_ON(prio < 0 || prio > MAX_PRIO);
 
 	rq = task_rq_lock(p, &flags);
-	now = rq_clock(rq);
+	update_rq_clock(rq);
 
 	oldprio = p->prio;
 	on_rq = p->se.on_rq;
 	if (on_rq)
-		dequeue_task(rq, p, 0, now);
+		dequeue_task(rq, p, 0);
 
 	if (rt_prio(prio))
 		p->sched_class = &rt_sched_class;
···
 	p->prio = prio;
 
 	if (on_rq) {
-		enqueue_task(rq, p, 0, now);
+		enqueue_task(rq, p, 0);
 		/*
 		 * Reschedule if we are currently running on this runqueue and
 		 * our priority decreased, or if we are not currently running on
···
 	int old_prio, delta, on_rq;
 	unsigned long flags;
 	struct rq *rq;
-	u64 now;
 
 	if (TASK_NICE(p) == nice || nice < -20 || nice > 19)
 		return;
···
 	 * the task might be in the middle of scheduling on another CPU.
 	 */
 	rq = task_rq_lock(p, &flags);
-	now = rq_clock(rq);
+	update_rq_clock(rq);
 	/*
 	 * The RT priorities are set via sched_setscheduler(), but we still
 	 * allow the 'normal' nice value to be set - but as expected
···
 	}
 	on_rq = p->se.on_rq;
 	if (on_rq) {
-		dequeue_task(rq, p, 0, now);
-		dec_load(rq, p, now);
+		dequeue_task(rq, p, 0);
+		dec_load(rq, p);
 	}
 
 	p->static_prio = NICE_TO_PRIO(nice);
···
 	delta = p->prio - old_prio;
 
 	if (on_rq) {
-		enqueue_task(rq, p, 0, now);
-		inc_load(rq, p, now);
+		enqueue_task(rq, p, 0);
+		inc_load(rq, p);
 		/*
 		 * If the task increased its priority or is running and
 		 * lowered its priority, then reschedule its CPU:
···
 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&p->pi_lock, flags);
 		goto recheck;
 	}
+	update_rq_clock(rq);
 	on_rq = p->se.on_rq;
 	if (on_rq)
 		deactivate_task(rq, p, 0);
···
 out_unlock:
 	read_unlock(&tasklist_lock);
 	mutex_unlock(&sched_hotcpu_mutex);
-	if (retval)
-		return retval;
 
-	return 0;
+	return retval;
 }
 
 /**
···
 	on_rq = p->se.on_rq;
 	if (on_rq)
 		deactivate_task(rq_src, p, 0);
+
 	set_task_cpu(p, dest_cpu);
 	if (on_rq) {
 		activate_task(rq_dest, p, 0);
···
 	for ( ; ; ) {
 		if (!rq->nr_running)
 			break;
-		next = pick_next_task(rq, rq->curr, rq_clock(rq));
+		update_rq_clock(rq);
+		next = pick_next_task(rq, rq->curr);
 		if (!next)
 			break;
 		migrate_dead(dead_cpu, next);
···
 #if defined(CONFIG_SCHED_DEBUG) && defined(CONFIG_SYSCTL)
 
 static struct ctl_table sd_ctl_dir[] = {
-	{CTL_UNNUMBERED, "sched_domain", NULL, 0, 0755, NULL, },
+	{
+		.procname	= "sched_domain",
+		.mode		= 0755,
+	},
 	{0,},
 };
 
 static struct ctl_table sd_ctl_root[] = {
-	{CTL_UNNUMBERED, "kernel", NULL, 0, 0755, sd_ctl_dir, },
+	{
+		.procname	= "kernel",
+		.mode		= 0755,
+		.child		= sd_ctl_dir,
+	},
 	{0,},
 };
 
···
 }
 
 static void
-set_table_entry(struct ctl_table *entry, int ctl_name,
+set_table_entry(struct ctl_table *entry,
 		const char *procname, void *data, int maxlen,
 		mode_t mode, proc_handler *proc_handler)
 {
-	entry->ctl_name = ctl_name;
 	entry->procname = procname;
 	entry->data = data;
 	entry->maxlen = maxlen;
···
 {
 	struct ctl_table *table = sd_alloc_ctl_entry(14);
 
-	set_table_entry(&table[0], 1, "min_interval", &sd->min_interval,
+	set_table_entry(&table[0], "min_interval", &sd->min_interval,
 		sizeof(long), 0644, proc_doulongvec_minmax);
-	set_table_entry(&table[1], 2, "max_interval", &sd->max_interval,
+	set_table_entry(&table[1], "max_interval", &sd->max_interval,
 		sizeof(long), 0644, proc_doulongvec_minmax);
-	set_table_entry(&table[2], 3, "busy_idx", &sd->busy_idx,
+	set_table_entry(&table[2], "busy_idx", &sd->busy_idx,
 		sizeof(int), 0644, proc_dointvec_minmax);
-	set_table_entry(&table[3], 4, "idle_idx", &sd->idle_idx,
+	set_table_entry(&table[3], "idle_idx", &sd->idle_idx,
 		sizeof(int), 0644, proc_dointvec_minmax);
-	set_table_entry(&table[4], 5, "newidle_idx", &sd->newidle_idx,
+	set_table_entry(&table[4], "newidle_idx", &sd->newidle_idx,
 		sizeof(int), 0644, proc_dointvec_minmax);
-	set_table_entry(&table[5], 6, "wake_idx", &sd->wake_idx,
+	set_table_entry(&table[5], "wake_idx", &sd->wake_idx,
 		sizeof(int), 0644, proc_dointvec_minmax);
-	set_table_entry(&table[6], 7, "forkexec_idx", &sd->forkexec_idx,
+	set_table_entry(&table[6], "forkexec_idx", &sd->forkexec_idx,
 		sizeof(int), 0644, proc_dointvec_minmax);
-	set_table_entry(&table[7], 8, "busy_factor", &sd->busy_factor,
+	set_table_entry(&table[7], "busy_factor", &sd->busy_factor,
 		sizeof(int), 0644, proc_dointvec_minmax);
-	set_table_entry(&table[8], 9, "imbalance_pct", &sd->imbalance_pct,
+	set_table_entry(&table[8], "imbalance_pct", &sd->imbalance_pct,
 		sizeof(int), 0644, proc_dointvec_minmax);
-	set_table_entry(&table[10], 11, "cache_nice_tries",
+	set_table_entry(&table[10], "cache_nice_tries",
 		&sd->cache_nice_tries,
 		sizeof(int), 0644, proc_dointvec_minmax);
-	set_table_entry(&table[12], 13, "flags", &sd->flags,
+	set_table_entry(&table[12], "flags", &sd->flags,
 		sizeof(int), 0644, proc_dointvec_minmax);
 
 	return table;
···
 	i = 0;
 	for_each_domain(cpu, sd) {
 		snprintf(buf, 32, "domain%d", i);
-		entry->ctl_name = i + 1;
 		entry->procname = kstrdup(buf, GFP_KERNEL);
 		entry->mode = 0755;
 		entry->child = sd_alloc_ctl_domain_table(sd);
···
 
 	for (i = 0; i < cpu_num; i++, entry++) {
 		snprintf(buf, 32, "cpu%d", i);
-		entry->ctl_name = i + 1;
 		entry->procname = kstrdup(buf, GFP_KERNEL);
 		entry->mode = 0755;
 		entry->child = sd_alloc_ctl_cpu_table(i);
···
 		rq->migration_thread = NULL;
 		/* Idle task back to normal (off runqueue, low prio) */
 		rq = task_rq_lock(rq->idle, &flags);
+		update_rq_clock(rq);
 		deactivate_task(rq, rq->idle, 0);
 		rq->idle->static_prio = MAX_PRIO;
 		__setscheduler(rq, rq->idle, SCHED_NORMAL, 0);
···
 			goto out_unlock;
 #endif
 
+		update_rq_clock(rq);
 		on_rq = p->se.on_rq;
 		if (on_rq)
-			deactivate_task(task_rq(p), p, 0);
+			deactivate_task(rq, p, 0);
 		__setscheduler(rq, p, SCHED_NORMAL, 0);
 		if (on_rq) {
-			activate_task(task_rq(p), p, 0);
+			activate_task(rq, p, 0);
 			resched_task(rq->curr);
 		}
 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP

kernel/sched_debug.c

···
  } while (0)
 
 static void
-print_task(struct seq_file *m, struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p, u64 now)
+print_task(struct seq_file *m, struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p)
 {
 	if (rq->curr == p)
 		SEQ_printf(m, "R");
···
 #endif
 }
 
-static void print_rq(struct seq_file *m, struct rq *rq, int rq_cpu, u64 now)
+static void print_rq(struct seq_file *m, struct rq *rq, int rq_cpu)
 {
 	struct task_struct *g, *p;
 
···
 		if (!p->se.on_rq || task_cpu(p) != rq_cpu)
 			continue;
 
-		print_task(m, rq, p, now);
+		print_task(m, rq, p);
 	} while_each_thread(g, p);
 
 	read_unlock_irq(&tasklist_lock);
···
 		(long long)wait_runtime_rq_sum);
 }
 
-void print_cfs_rq(struct seq_file *m, int cpu, struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, u64 now)
+void print_cfs_rq(struct seq_file *m, int cpu, struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
 {
 	SEQ_printf(m, "\ncfs_rq %p\n", cfs_rq);
 
···
 	print_cfs_rq_runtime_sum(m, cpu, cfs_rq);
 }
 
-static void print_cpu(struct seq_file *m, int cpu, u64 now)
+static void print_cpu(struct seq_file *m, int cpu)
 {
 	struct rq *rq = &per_cpu(runqueues, cpu);
 
···
 	P(cpu_load[4]);
 #undef P
 
-	print_cfs_stats(m, cpu, now);
+	print_cfs_stats(m, cpu);
 
-	print_rq(m, rq, cpu, now);
+	print_rq(m, rq, cpu);
 }
 
 static int sched_debug_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
···
 	SEQ_printf(m, "now at %Lu nsecs\n", (unsigned long long)now);
 
 	for_each_online_cpu(cpu)
-		print_cpu(m, cpu, now);
+		print_cpu(m, cpu);
 
 	SEQ_printf(m, "\n");
 

kernel/sched_fair.c

···
 {
 	u64 tmp;
 
-	/*
-	 * Negative nice levels get the same granularity as nice-0:
-	 */
-	if (likely(curr->load.weight >= NICE_0_LOAD))
+	if (likely(curr->load.weight == NICE_0_LOAD))
 		return granularity;
 	/*
-	 * Positive nice level tasks get linearly finer
+	 * Positive nice levels get the same granularity as nice-0:
+	 */
+	if (likely(curr->load.weight < NICE_0_LOAD)) {
+		tmp = curr->load.weight * (u64)granularity;
+		return (long) (tmp >> NICE_0_SHIFT);
+	}
+	/*
+	 * Negative nice level tasks get linearly finer
 	 * granularity:
 	 */
-	tmp = curr->load.weight * (u64)granularity;
+	tmp = curr->load.inv_weight * (u64)granularity;
 
 	/*
 	 * It will always fit into 'long':
 	 */
-	return (long) (tmp >> NICE_0_SHIFT);
+	return (long) (tmp >> WMULT_SHIFT);
 }
 
 static inline void
···
  * are not in our scheduling class.
  */
 static inline void
-__update_curr(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *curr, u64 now)
+__update_curr(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *curr)
 {
-	unsigned long delta, delta_exec, delta_fair;
-	long delta_mine;
+	unsigned long delta, delta_exec, delta_fair, delta_mine;
 	struct load_weight *lw = &cfs_rq->load;
 	unsigned long load = lw->weight;
-
-	if (unlikely(!load))
-		return;
 
 	delta_exec = curr->delta_exec;
 	schedstat_set(curr->exec_max, max((u64)delta_exec, curr->exec_max));
···
 	curr->sum_exec_runtime += delta_exec;
 	cfs_rq->exec_clock += delta_exec;
 
+	if (unlikely(!load))
+		return;
+
 	delta_fair = calc_delta_fair(delta_exec, lw);
 	delta_mine = calc_delta_mine(delta_exec, curr->load.weight, lw);
 
-	if (cfs_rq->sleeper_bonus > sysctl_sched_stat_granularity) {
+	if (cfs_rq->sleeper_bonus > sysctl_sched_granularity) {
 		delta = calc_delta_mine(cfs_rq->sleeper_bonus,
 					curr->load.weight, lw);
 		if (unlikely(delta > cfs_rq->sleeper_bonus))
···
 	add_wait_runtime(cfs_rq, curr, delta_mine - delta_exec);
 }
 
-static void update_curr(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, u64 now)
+static void update_curr(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
 {
 	struct sched_entity *curr = cfs_rq_curr(cfs_rq);
 	unsigned long delta_exec;
···
 	 * since the last time we changed load (this cannot
 	 * overflow on 32 bits):
 	 */
-	delta_exec = (unsigned long)(now - curr->exec_start);
+	delta_exec = (unsigned long)(rq_of(cfs_rq)->clock - curr->exec_start);
 
 	curr->delta_exec += delta_exec;
 
 	if (unlikely(curr->delta_exec > sysctl_sched_stat_granularity)) {
-		__update_curr(cfs_rq, curr, now);
+		__update_curr(cfs_rq, curr);
 		curr->delta_exec = 0;
 	}
-	curr->exec_start = now;
+	curr->exec_start = rq_of(cfs_rq)->clock;
 }
 
 static inline void
-update_stats_wait_start(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se, u64 now)
+update_stats_wait_start(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
 {
 	se->wait_start_fair = cfs_rq->fair_clock;
-	schedstat_set(se->wait_start, now);
+	schedstat_set(se->wait_start, rq_of(cfs_rq)->clock);
 }
 
 /*
···
 /*
  * Task is being enqueued - update stats:
  */
-static void
-update_stats_enqueue(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se, u64 now)
+static void update_stats_enqueue(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
 {
 	s64 key;
 
···
 	 * a dequeue/enqueue event is a NOP)
 	 */
 	if (se != cfs_rq_curr(cfs_rq))
-		update_stats_wait_start(cfs_rq, se, now);
+		update_stats_wait_start(cfs_rq, se);
 	/*
 	 * Update the key:
 	 */
···
 					(WMULT_SHIFT - NICE_0_SHIFT);
 		} else {
 			tmp = se->wait_runtime;
-			key -= (tmp * se->load.weight) >> NICE_0_SHIFT;
+			key -= (tmp * se->load.inv_weight) >>
+					(WMULT_SHIFT - NICE_0_SHIFT);
 		}
 	}
 
···
  * Note: must be called with a freshly updated rq->fair_clock.
  */
 static inline void
-__update_stats_wait_end(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se, u64 now)
+__update_stats_wait_end(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
 {
 	unsigned long delta_fair = se->delta_fair_run;
 
-	schedstat_set(se->wait_max, max(se->wait_max, now - se->wait_start));
+	schedstat_set(se->wait_max, max(se->wait_max,
+			rq_of(cfs_rq)->clock - se->wait_start));
 
 	if (unlikely(se->load.weight != NICE_0_LOAD))
 		delta_fair = calc_weighted(delta_fair, se->load.weight,
···
 }
 
 static void
-update_stats_wait_end(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se, u64 now)
+update_stats_wait_end(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
 {
 	unsigned long delta_fair;
 
···
 	se->delta_fair_run += delta_fair;
 	if (unlikely(abs(se->delta_fair_run) >=
 				sysctl_sched_stat_granularity)) {
-		__update_stats_wait_end(cfs_rq, se, now);
+		__update_stats_wait_end(cfs_rq, se);
 		se->delta_fair_run = 0;
 	}
 
···
 }
 
 static inline void
-update_stats_dequeue(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se, u64 now)
+update_stats_dequeue(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
 {
-	update_curr(cfs_rq, now);
+	update_curr(cfs_rq);
 	/*
 	 * Mark the end of the wait period if dequeueing a
 	 * waiting task:
 	 */
 	if (se != cfs_rq_curr(cfs_rq))
-		update_stats_wait_end(cfs_rq, se, now);
+		update_stats_wait_end(cfs_rq, se);
 }
 
 /*
  * We are picking a new current task - update its stats:
  */
 static inline void
-update_stats_curr_start(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se, u64 now)
+update_stats_curr_start(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
 {
 	/*
 	 * We are starting a new run period:
 	 */
-	se->exec_start = now;
+	se->exec_start = rq_of(cfs_rq)->clock;
 }
 
 /*
  * We are descheduling a task - update its stats:
  */
 static inline void
-update_stats_curr_end(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se, u64 now)
+update_stats_curr_end(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
 {
 	se->exec_start = 0;
 }
···
  * Scheduling class queueing methods:
  */
 
-static void
-__enqueue_sleeper(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se, u64 now)
+static void __enqueue_sleeper(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
 {
 	unsigned long load = cfs_rq->load.weight, delta_fair;
 	long prev_runtime;
···
 	schedstat_add(cfs_rq, wait_runtime, se->wait_runtime);
 }
 
-static void
-enqueue_sleeper(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se, u64 now)
+static void enqueue_sleeper(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
 {
 	struct task_struct *tsk = task_of(se);
 	unsigned long delta_fair;
···
 	se->delta_fair_sleep += delta_fair;
 	if (unlikely(abs(se->delta_fair_sleep) >=
 				sysctl_sched_stat_granularity)) {
-		__enqueue_sleeper(cfs_rq, se, now);
+		__enqueue_sleeper(cfs_rq, se);
 		se->delta_fair_sleep = 0;
 	}
 
···
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_SCHEDSTATS
 	if (se->sleep_start) {
-		u64 delta = now - se->sleep_start;
+		u64 delta = rq_of(cfs_rq)->clock - se->sleep_start;
 
 		if ((s64)delta < 0)
 			delta = 0;
···
 		se->sum_sleep_runtime += delta;
 	}
 	if (se->block_start) {
-		u64 delta = now - se->block_start;
+		u64 delta = rq_of(cfs_rq)->clock - se->block_start;
 
 		if ((s64)delta < 0)
 			delta = 0;
···
 }
 
 static void
-enqueue_entity(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se,
-	       int wakeup, u64 now)
+enqueue_entity(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se, int wakeup)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Update the fair clock.
 	 */
-	update_curr(cfs_rq, now);
+	update_curr(cfs_rq);
 
 	if (wakeup)
-		enqueue_sleeper(cfs_rq, se, now);
+		enqueue_sleeper(cfs_rq, se);
 
-	update_stats_enqueue(cfs_rq, se, now);
+	update_stats_enqueue(cfs_rq, se);
 	__enqueue_entity(cfs_rq, se);
 }
 
 static void
-dequeue_entity(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se,
-	       int sleep, u64 now)
+dequeue_entity(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se, int sleep)
 {
-	update_stats_dequeue(cfs_rq, se, now);
+	update_stats_dequeue(cfs_rq, se);
 	if (sleep) {
 		se->sleep_start_fair = cfs_rq->fair_clock;
 #ifdef CONFIG_SCHEDSTATS
···
 			struct task_struct *tsk = task_of(se);
 
 			if (tsk->state & TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE)
-				se->sleep_start = now;
+				se->sleep_start = rq_of(cfs_rq)->clock;
 			if (tsk->state & TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE)
-				se->block_start = now;
+				se->block_start = rq_of(cfs_rq)->clock;
 		}
 		cfs_rq->wait_runtime -= se->wait_runtime;
 #endif
···
 }
 
 static inline void
-set_next_entity(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se, u64 now)
+set_next_entity(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *se)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Any task has to be enqueued before it get to execute on
···
 	 * done a put_prev_task_fair() shortly before this, which
 	 * updated rq->fair_clock - used by update_stats_wait_end())
 	 */
-	update_stats_wait_end(cfs_rq, se, now);
-	update_stats_curr_start(cfs_rq, se, now);
+	update_stats_wait_end(cfs_rq, se);
+	update_stats_curr_start(cfs_rq, se);
 	set_cfs_rq_curr(cfs_rq, se);
 }
 
-static struct sched_entity *pick_next_entity(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, u64 now)
+static struct sched_entity *pick_next_entity(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
 {
 	struct sched_entity *se = __pick_next_entity(cfs_rq);
 
-	set_next_entity(cfs_rq, se, now);
+	set_next_entity(cfs_rq, se);
 
 	return se;
 }
 
-static void
-put_prev_entity(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *prev, u64 now)
+static void put_prev_entity(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *prev)
 {
 	/*
 	 * If still on the runqueue then deactivate_task()
 	 * was not called and update_curr() has to be done:
 	 */
 	if (prev->on_rq)
-		update_curr(cfs_rq, now);
+		update_curr(cfs_rq);
 
-	update_stats_curr_end(cfs_rq, prev, now);
+	update_stats_curr_end(cfs_rq, prev);
 
 	if (prev->on_rq)
-		update_stats_wait_start(cfs_rq, prev, now);
+		update_stats_wait_start(cfs_rq, prev);
 	set_cfs_rq_curr(cfs_rq, NULL);
 }
 
 static void entity_tick(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq, struct sched_entity *curr)
 {
-	struct rq *rq = rq_of(cfs_rq);
 	struct sched_entity *next;
-	u64 now = __rq_clock(rq);
 
 	/*
 	 * Dequeue and enqueue the task to update its
 	 * position within the tree:
 	 */
-	dequeue_entity(cfs_rq, curr, 0, now);
-	enqueue_entity(cfs_rq, curr, 0, now);
+	dequeue_entity(cfs_rq, curr, 0);
+	enqueue_entity(cfs_rq, curr, 0);
 
 	/*
 	 * Reschedule if another task tops the current one.
···
  * increased. Here we update the fair scheduling stats and
  * then put the task into the rbtree:
  */
-static void
-enqueue_task_fair(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p, int wakeup, u64 now)
+static void enqueue_task_fair(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p, int wakeup)
 {
 	struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq;
 	struct sched_entity *se = &p->se;
···
 		if (se->on_rq)
 			break;
 		cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
-		enqueue_entity(cfs_rq, se, wakeup, now);
+		enqueue_entity(cfs_rq, se, wakeup);
 	}
 }
 
···
  * decreased. We remove the task from the rbtree and
  * update the fair scheduling stats:
  */
-static void
-dequeue_task_fair(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p, int sleep, u64 now)
+static void dequeue_task_fair(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p, int sleep)
 {
 	struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq;
 	struct sched_entity *se = &p->se;
 
 	for_each_sched_entity(se) {
 		cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
-		dequeue_entity(cfs_rq, se, sleep, now);
+		dequeue_entity(cfs_rq, se, sleep);
 		/* Don't dequeue parent if it has other entities besides us */
 		if (cfs_rq->load.weight)
 			break;
···
 static void yield_task_fair(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p)
 {
 	struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = task_cfs_rq(p);
-	u64 now = __rq_clock(rq);
 
+	__update_rq_clock(rq);
 	/*
 	 * Dequeue and enqueue the task to update its
 	 * position within the tree:
 	 */
-	dequeue_entity(cfs_rq, &p->se, 0, now);
-	enqueue_entity(cfs_rq, &p->se, 0, now);
+	dequeue_entity(cfs_rq, &p->se, 0);
+	enqueue_entity(cfs_rq, &p->se, 0);
 }
 
 /*
···
 	unsigned long gran;
 
 	if (unlikely(rt_prio(p->prio))) {
-		update_curr(cfs_rq, rq_clock(rq));
+		update_rq_clock(rq);
+		update_curr(cfs_rq);
 		resched_task(curr);
 		return;
 	}
···
 		__check_preempt_curr_fair(cfs_rq, &p->se, &curr->se, gran);
 }
 
-static struct task_struct *pick_next_task_fair(struct rq *rq, u64 now)
+static struct task_struct *pick_next_task_fair(struct rq *rq)
 {
 	struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = &rq->cfs;
 	struct sched_entity *se;
···
 		return NULL;
 
 	do {
-		se = pick_next_entity(cfs_rq, now);
+		se = pick_next_entity(cfs_rq);
 		cfs_rq = group_cfs_rq(se);
 	} while (cfs_rq);
 
···
 /*
  * Account for a descheduled task:
  */
-static void put_prev_task_fair(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *prev, u64 now)
+static void put_prev_task_fair(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *prev)
 {
 	struct sched_entity *se = &prev->se;
 	struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq;
 
 	for_each_sched_entity(se) {
 		cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
-		put_prev_entity(cfs_rq, se, now);
+		put_prev_entity(cfs_rq, se);
 	}
 }
 
···
 	return __load_balance_iterator(cfs_rq, cfs_rq->rb_load_balance_curr);
 }
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED
 static int cfs_rq_best_prio(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq)
 {
 	struct sched_entity *curr;
···
 
 	return p->prio;
 }
+#endif
 
-static int
+static unsigned long
 load_balance_fair(struct rq *this_rq, int this_cpu, struct rq *busiest,
-			unsigned long max_nr_move, unsigned long max_load_move,
-			struct sched_domain *sd, enum cpu_idle_type idle,
-			int *all_pinned, unsigned long *total_load_moved)
+		  unsigned long max_nr_move, unsigned long max_load_move,
+		  struct sched_domain *sd, enum cpu_idle_type idle,
+		  int *all_pinned, int *this_best_prio)
 {
 	struct cfs_rq *busy_cfs_rq;
 	unsigned long load_moved, total_nr_moved = 0, nr_moved;
···
 	cfs_rq_iterator.next = load_balance_next_fair;
 
 	for_each_leaf_cfs_rq(busiest, busy_cfs_rq) {
+#ifdef CONFIG_FAIR_GROUP_SCHED
 		struct cfs_rq *this_cfs_rq;
-		long imbalance;
+		long imbalances;
 		unsigned long maxload;
-		int this_best_prio, best_prio, best_prio_seen = 0;
 
 		this_cfs_rq = cpu_cfs_rq(busy_cfs_rq, this_cpu);
 
···
 		imbalance /= 2;
 		maxload = min(rem_load_move, imbalance);
 
-		this_best_prio = cfs_rq_best_prio(this_cfs_rq);
-		best_prio = cfs_rq_best_prio(busy_cfs_rq);
-
-		/*
-		 * Enable handling of the case where there is more than one task
-		 * with the best priority. If the current running task is one
-		 * of those with prio==best_prio we know it won't be moved
-		 * and therefore it's safe to override the skip (based on load)
-		 * of any task we find with that prio.
-		 */
-		if (cfs_rq_curr(busy_cfs_rq) == &busiest->curr->se)
-			best_prio_seen = 1;
-
+		*this_best_prio = cfs_rq_best_prio(this_cfs_rq);
+#else
+#define maxload rem_load_move
+#endif
 		/* pass busy_cfs_rq argument into
 		 * load_balance_[start|next]_fair iterators
 		 */
 		cfs_rq_iterator.arg = busy_cfs_rq;
 		nr_moved = balance_tasks(this_rq, this_cpu, busiest,
 				max_nr_move, maxload, sd, idle, all_pinned,
-				&load_moved, this_best_prio, best_prio,
-				best_prio_seen, &cfs_rq_iterator);
+				&load_moved, this_best_prio, &cfs_rq_iterator);
 
 		total_nr_moved += nr_moved;
 		max_nr_move -= nr_moved;
···
 			break;
 	}
 
-	*total_load_moved = max_load_move - rem_load_move;
-
-	return total_nr_moved;
+	return max_load_move - rem_load_move;
 }
 
 /*
···
  * monopolize the CPU. Note: the parent runqueue is locked,
  * the child is not running yet.
  */
-static void task_new_fair(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p, u64 now)
+static void task_new_fair(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p)
 {
 	struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq = task_cfs_rq(p);
 	struct sched_entity *se = &p->se;
 
 	sched_info_queued(p);
 
-	update_stats_enqueue(cfs_rq, se, now);
+	update_stats_enqueue(cfs_rq, se);
 	/*
 	 * Child runs first: we let it run before the parent
 	 * until it reschedules once. We set up the key so that
···
  */
 static void set_curr_task_fair(struct rq *rq)
 {
-	struct task_struct *curr = rq->curr;
-	struct sched_entity *se = &curr->se;
-	u64 now = rq_clock(rq);
-	struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq;
+	struct sched_entity *se = &rq->curr.se;
 
-	for_each_sched_entity(se) {
-		cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
-		set_next_entity(cfs_rq, se, now);
-	}
+	for_each_sched_entity(se)
+		set_next_entity(cfs_rq_of(se), se);
 }
 #else
 static void set_curr_task_fair(struct rq *rq)
···
 };
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_SCHED_DEBUG
-void print_cfs_stats(struct seq_file *m, int cpu, u64 now)
+static void print_cfs_stats(struct seq_file *m, int cpu)
 {
-	struct rq *rq = cpu_rq(cpu);
 	struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq;
 
-	for_each_leaf_cfs_rq(rq, cfs_rq)
-		print_cfs_rq(m, cpu, cfs_rq, now);
+	for_each_leaf_cfs_rq(cpu_rq(cpu), cfs_rq)
+		print_cfs_rq(m, cpu, cfs_rq);
 }
 #endif

kernel/sched_idletask.c

···
 	resched_task(rq->idle);
 }
 
-static struct task_struct *pick_next_task_idle(struct rq *rq, u64 now)
+static struct task_struct *pick_next_task_idle(struct rq *rq)
 {
 	schedstat_inc(rq, sched_goidle);
 
···
  * message if some code attempts to do it:
  */
 static void
-dequeue_task_idle(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p, int sleep, u64 now)
+dequeue_task_idle(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p, int sleep)
 {
 	spin_unlock_irq(&rq->lock);
 	printk(KERN_ERR "bad: scheduling from the idle thread!\n");
···
 	spin_lock_irq(&rq->lock);
 }
 
-static void put_prev_task_idle(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *prev, u64 now)
+static void put_prev_task_idle(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *prev)
 {
 }
 
-static int
+static unsigned long
 load_balance_idle(struct rq *this_rq, int this_cpu, struct rq *busiest,
 			unsigned long max_nr_move, unsigned long max_load_move,
 			struct sched_domain *sd, enum cpu_idle_type idle,
-			int *all_pinned, unsigned long *total_load_moved)
+			int *all_pinned, int *this_best_prio)
 {
 	return 0;
 }

kernel/sched_rt.c

···
  * Update the current task's runtime statistics. Skip current tasks that
  * are not in our scheduling class.
  */
-static inline void update_curr_rt(struct rq *rq, u64 now)
+static inline void update_curr_rt(struct rq *rq)
 {
 	struct task_struct *curr = rq->curr;
 	u64 delta_exec;
···
 	if (!task_has_rt_policy(curr))
 		return;
 
-	delta_exec = now - curr->se.exec_start;
+	delta_exec = rq->clock - curr->se.exec_start;
 	if (unlikely((s64)delta_exec < 0))
 		delta_exec = 0;
 
 	schedstat_set(curr->se.exec_max, max(curr->se.exec_max, delta_exec));
 
 	curr->se.sum_exec_runtime += delta_exec;
-	curr->se.exec_start = now;
+	curr->se.exec_start = rq->clock;
 }
 
-static void
-enqueue_task_rt(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p, int wakeup, u64 now)
+static void enqueue_task_rt(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p, int wakeup)
 {
 	struct rt_prio_array *array = &rq->rt.active;
 
···
 /*
  * Adding/removing a task to/from a priority array:
  */
-static void
-dequeue_task_rt(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p, int sleep, u64 now)
+static void dequeue_task_rt(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p, int sleep)
 {
 	struct rt_prio_array *array = &rq->rt.active;
 
-	update_curr_rt(rq, now);
+	update_curr_rt(rq);
 
 	list_del(&p->run_list);
 	if (list_empty(array->queue + p->prio))
···
 		resched_task(rq->curr);
 }
 
-static struct task_struct *pick_next_task_rt(struct rq *rq, u64 now)
+static struct task_struct *pick_next_task_rt(struct rq *rq)
 {
 	struct rt_prio_array *array = &rq->rt.active;
 	struct task_struct *next;
···
 	queue = array->queue + idx;
 	next = list_entry(queue->next, struct task_struct, run_list);
 
-	next->se.exec_start = now;
+	next->se.exec_start = rq->clock;
 
 	return next;
 }
 
-static void put_prev_task_rt(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p, u64 now)
+static void put_prev_task_rt(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p)
 {
-	update_curr_rt(rq, now);
+	update_curr_rt(rq);
 	p->se.exec_start = 0;
 }
 
···
 	return p;
 }
 
-static int
+static unsigned long
 load_balance_rt(struct rq *this_rq, int this_cpu, struct rq *busiest,
 			unsigned long max_nr_move, unsigned long max_load_move,
 			struct sched_domain *sd, enum cpu_idle_type idle,
-			int *all_pinned, unsigned long *load_moved)
+			int *all_pinned, int *this_best_prio)
 {
-	int this_best_prio, best_prio, best_prio_seen = 0;
 	int nr_moved;
 	struct rq_iterator rt_rq_iterator;
-
-	best_prio = sched_find_first_bit(busiest->rt.active.bitmap);
-	this_best_prio = sched_find_first_bit(this_rq->rt.active.bitmap);
-
-	/*
-	 * Enable handling of the case where there is more than one task
-	 * with the best priority.   If the current running task is one
-	 * of those with prio==best_prio we know it won't be moved
-	 * and therefore it's safe to override the skip (based on load)
-	 * of any task we find with that prio.
-	 */
-	if (busiest->curr->prio == best_prio)
-		best_prio_seen = 1;
+	unsigned long load_moved;
 
 	rt_rq_iterator.start = load_balance_start_rt;
 	rt_rq_iterator.next = load_balance_next_rt;
···
 	rt_rq_iterator.arg = busiest;
 
 	nr_moved = balance_tasks(this_rq, this_cpu, busiest, max_nr_move,
-			max_load_move, sd, idle, all_pinned, load_moved,
-			this_best_prio, best_prio, best_prio_seen,
-			&rt_rq_iterator);
+			max_load_move, sd, idle, all_pinned, &load_moved,
+			this_best_prio, &rt_rq_iterator);
 
-	return nr_moved;
+	return load_moved;
 }
 
 static void task_tick_rt(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p)