iio: envelope-detector: ADC driver based on a DAC and a comparator

The DAC is used to find the peak level of an alternating voltage input
signal by a binary search using the output of a comparator wired to
an interrupt pin. Like so:
_
| \
input +------>-------|+ \
| \
.-------. | }---.
| | | / |
| dac|-->--|- / |
| | |_/ |
| | |
| | |
| irq|------<-------'
| |
'-------'

Signed-off-by: Peter Rosin <[e-mail]>
Acked-by: Thomas Gleixner <[e-mail]>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Cameron <[e-mail]>

Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-bus-iio-adc-envelope-detector

···
+What:		/sys/bus/iio/devices/iio:deviceX/in_altvoltageY_invert
+Date:		October 2016
+KernelVersion:	4.9
+Contact:	Peter Rosin <[e-mail]>
+Description:
+		The DAC is used to find the peak level of an alternating
+		voltage input signal by a binary search using the output
+		of a comparator wired to an interrupt pin. Like so:
+		                           _
+		                          | \
+		     input +------>-------|+ \
+		                          |   \
+		            .-------.     |    }---.
+		            |       |     |   /    |
+		            |    dac|-->--|- /     |
+		            |       |     |_/      |
+		            |       |              |
+		            |       |              |
+		            |    irq|------<-------'
+		            |       |
+		            '-------'
+		The boolean invert attribute (0/1) should be set when the
+		input signal is centered around the maximum value of the
+		dac instead of zero. The envelope detector will search
+		from below in this case and will also invert the result.
+		The edge/level of the interrupt is also switched to its
+		opposite value.
+
+What:		/sys/bus/iio/devices/iio:deviceX/in_altvoltageY_compare_interval
+Date:		October 2016
+KernelVersion:	4.9
+Contact:	Peter Rosin <[e-mail]>
+Description:
+		Number of milliseconds to wait for the comparator in each
+		step of the binary search for the input peak level. Needs
+		to relate to the frequency of the input signal.

MAINTAINERS

···
 M:	Peter Rosin <[e-mail]>
 L:	[e-mail]
 S:	Maintained
+F:	Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-bus-iio-adc-envelope-detector
 F:	Documentation/devicetree/bindings/iio/adc/envelope-detector.txt
+F:	drivers/iio/adc/envelope-detector.c
 
 IIO SUBSYSTEM AND DRIVERS
 M:	Jonathan Cameron <[e-mail]>

drivers/iio/adc/Kconfig

···
 	  To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module will be
 	  called berlin2-adc.
 
+config ENVELOPE_DETECTOR
+	tristate "Envelope detector using a DAC and a comparator"
+	depends on OF
+	help
+	  Say yes here to build support for an envelope detector using a DAC
+	  and a comparator.
+
+	  To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module will be
+	  called envelope-detector.
+
 config EXYNOS_ADC
 	tristate "Exynos ADC driver support"
 	depends on ARCH_EXYNOS || ARCH_S3C24XX || ARCH_S3C64XX || (OF && COMPILE_TEST)

drivers/iio/adc/Makefile

···
 obj-$(CONFIG_BERLIN2_ADC) += berlin2-adc.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_CC10001_ADC) += cc10001_adc.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_DA9150_GPADC) += da9150-gpadc.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_ENVELOPE_DETECTOR) += envelope-detector.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_EXYNOS_ADC) += exynos_adc.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_FSL_MX25_ADC) += fsl-imx25-gcq.o
 obj-$(CONFIG_HI8435) += hi8435.o

drivers/iio/adc/envelope-detector.c

···
+/*
+ * Driver for an envelope detector using a DAC and a comparator
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2016 Axentia Technologies AB
+ *
+ * Author: Peter Rosin <[e-mail]>
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The DAC is used to find the peak level of an alternating voltage input
+ * signal by a binary search using the output of a comparator wired to
+ * an interrupt pin. Like so:
+ *                           _
+ *                          | \
+ *     input +------>-------|+ \
+ *                          |   \
+ *            .-------.     |    }---.
+ *            |       |     |   /    |
+ *            |    dac|-->--|- /     |
+ *            |       |     |_/      |
+ *            |       |              |
+ *            |       |              |
+ *            |    irq|------<-------'
+ *            |       |
+ *            '-------'
+ */
+
+#include <linux/completion.h>
+#include <linux/device.h>
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
+#include <linux/iio/consumer.h>
+#include <linux/iio/iio.h>
+#include <linux/iio/sysfs.h>
+#include <linux/interrupt.h>
+#include <linux/irq.h>
+#include <linux/of.h>
+#include <linux/of_device.h>
+#include <linux/platform_device.h>
+#include <linux/spinlock.h>
+#include <linux/workqueue.h>
+
+struct envelope {
+	spinlock_t comp_lock; /* protects comp */
+	int comp;
+
+	struct mutex read_lock; /* protects everything else */
+
+	int comp_irq;
+	u32 comp_irq_trigger;
+	u32 comp_irq_trigger_inv;
+
+	struct iio_channel *dac;
+	struct delayed_work comp_timeout;
+
+	unsigned int comp_interval;
+	bool invert;
+	u32 dac_max;
+
+	int high;
+	int level;
+	int low;
+
+	struct completion done;
+};
+
+/*
+ * The envelope_detector_comp_latch function works together with the compare
+ * interrupt service routine below (envelope_detector_comp_isr) as a latch
+ * (one-bit memory) for if the interrupt has triggered since last calling
+ * this function.
+ * The ..._comp_isr function disables the interrupt so that the cpu does not
+ * need to service a possible interrupt flood from the comparator when no-one
+ * cares anyway, and this ..._comp_latch function reenables them again if
+ * needed.
+ */
+static int envelope_detector_comp_latch(struct envelope *env)
+{
+	int comp;
+
+	spin_lock_irq(&env->comp_lock);
+	comp = env->comp;
+	env->comp = 0;
+	spin_unlock_irq(&env->comp_lock);
+
+	if (!comp)
+		return 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * The irq was disabled, and is reenabled just now.
+	 * But there might have been a pending irq that
+	 * happened while the irq was disabled that fires
+	 * just as the irq is reenabled. That is not what
+	 * is desired.
+	 */
+	enable_irq(env->comp_irq);
+
+	/* So, synchronize this possibly pending irq... */
+	synchronize_irq(env->comp_irq);
+
+	/* ...and redo the whole dance. */
+	spin_lock_irq(&env->comp_lock);
+	comp = env->comp;
+	env->comp = 0;
+	spin_unlock_irq(&env->comp_lock);
+
+	if (comp)
+		enable_irq(env->comp_irq);
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static irqreturn_t envelope_detector_comp_isr(int irq, void *ctx)
+{
+	struct envelope *env = ctx;
+
+	spin_lock(&env->comp_lock);
+	env->comp = 1;
+	disable_irq_nosync(env->comp_irq);
+	spin_unlock(&env->comp_lock);
+
+	return IRQ_HANDLED;
+}
+
+static void envelope_detector_setup_compare(struct envelope *env)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	/*
+	 * Do a binary search for the peak input level, and stop
+	 * when that level is "trapped" between two adjacent DAC
+	 * values.
+	 * When invert is active, use the midpoint floor so that
+	 * env->level ends up as env->low when the termination
+	 * criteria below is fulfilled, and use the midpoint
+	 * ceiling when invert is not active so that env->level
+	 * ends up as env->high in that case.
+	 */
+	env->level = (env->high + env->low + !env->invert) / 2;
+
+	if (env->high == env->low + 1) {
+		complete(&env->done);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	/* Set a "safe" DAC level (if there is such a thing)... */
+	ret = iio_write_channel_raw(env->dac, env->invert ? 0 : env->dac_max);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		goto err;
+
+	/* ...clear the comparison result... */
+	envelope_detector_comp_latch(env);
+
+	/* ...set the real DAC level... */
+	ret = iio_write_channel_raw(env->dac, env->level);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		goto err;
+
+	/* ...and wait for a bit to see if the latch catches anything. */
+	schedule_delayed_work(&env->comp_timeout,
+			      msecs_to_jiffies(env->comp_interval));
+	return;
+
+err:
+	env->level = ret;
+	complete(&env->done);
+}
+
+static void envelope_detector_timeout(struct work_struct *work)
+{
+	struct envelope *env = container_of(work, struct envelope,
+					    comp_timeout.work);
+
+	/* Adjust low/high depending on the latch content... */
+	if (!envelope_detector_comp_latch(env) ^ !env->invert)
+		env->low = env->level;
+	else
+		env->high = env->level;
+
+	/* ...and continue the search. */
+	envelope_detector_setup_compare(env);
+}
+
+static int envelope_detector_read_raw(struct iio_dev *indio_dev,
+				      struct iio_chan_spec const *chan,
+				      int *val, int *val2, long mask)
+{
+	struct envelope *env = iio_priv(indio_dev);
+	int ret;
+
+	switch (mask) {
+	case IIO_CHAN_INFO_RAW:
+		/*
+		 * When invert is active, start with high=max+1 and low=0
+		 * since we will end up with the low value when the
+		 * termination criteria is fulfilled (rounding down). And
+		 * start with high=max and low=-1 when invert is not active
+		 * since we will end up with the high value in that case.
+		 * This ensures that the returned value in both cases are
+		 * in the same range as the DAC and is a value that has not
+		 * triggered the comparator.
+		 */
+		mutex_lock(&env->read_lock);
+		env->high = env->dac_max + env->invert;
+		env->low = -1 + env->invert;
+		envelope_detector_setup_compare(env);
+		wait_for_completion(&env->done);
+		if (env->level < 0) {
+			ret = env->level;
+			goto err_unlock;
+		}
+		*val = env->invert ? env->dac_max - env->level : env->level;
+		mutex_unlock(&env->read_lock);
+
+		return IIO_VAL_INT;
+
+	case IIO_CHAN_INFO_SCALE:
+		return iio_read_channel_scale(env->dac, val, val2);
+	}
+
+	return -EINVAL;
+
+err_unlock:
+	mutex_unlock(&env->read_lock);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static ssize_t envelope_show_invert(struct iio_dev *indio_dev,
+				    uintptr_t private,
+				    struct iio_chan_spec const *ch, char *buf)
+{
+	struct envelope *env = iio_priv(indio_dev);
+
+	return sprintf(buf, "%u\n", env->invert);
+}
+
+static ssize_t envelope_store_invert(struct iio_dev *indio_dev,
+				     uintptr_t private,
+				     struct iio_chan_spec const *ch,
+				     const char *buf, size_t len)
+{
+	struct envelope *env = iio_priv(indio_dev);
+	unsigned long invert;
+	int ret;
+	u32 trigger;
+
+	ret = kstrtoul(buf, 0, &invert);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		return ret;
+	if (invert > 1)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	trigger = invert ? env->comp_irq_trigger_inv : env->comp_irq_trigger;
+
+	mutex_lock(&env->read_lock);
+	if (invert != env->invert)
+		ret = irq_set_irq_type(env->comp_irq, trigger);
+	if (!ret) {
+		env->invert = invert;
+		ret = len;
+	}
+	mutex_unlock(&env->read_lock);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static ssize_t envelope_show_comp_interval(struct iio_dev *indio_dev,
+					   uintptr_t private,
+					   struct iio_chan_spec const *ch,
+					   char *buf)
+{
+	struct envelope *env = iio_priv(indio_dev);
+
+	return sprintf(buf, "%u\n", env->comp_interval);
+}
+
+static ssize_t envelope_store_comp_interval(struct iio_dev *indio_dev,
+					    uintptr_t private,
+					    struct iio_chan_spec const *ch,
+					    const char *buf, size_t len)
+{
+	struct envelope *env = iio_priv(indio_dev);
+	unsigned long interval;
+	int ret;
+
+	ret = kstrtoul(buf, 0, &interval);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		return ret;
+	if (interval > 1000)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	mutex_lock(&env->read_lock);
+	env->comp_interval = interval;
+	mutex_unlock(&env->read_lock);
+
+	return len;
+}
+
+static const struct iio_chan_spec_ext_info envelope_detector_ext_info[] = {
+	{ .name = "invert",
+	  .read = envelope_show_invert,
+	  .write = envelope_store_invert, },
+	{ .name = "compare_interval",
+	  .read = envelope_show_comp_interval,
+	  .write = envelope_store_comp_interval, },
+	{ /* sentinel */ }
+};
+
+static const struct iio_chan_spec envelope_detector_iio_channel = {
+	.type = IIO_ALTVOLTAGE,
+	.info_mask_separate = BIT(IIO_CHAN_INFO_RAW)
+			    | BIT(IIO_CHAN_INFO_SCALE),
+	.ext_info = envelope_detector_ext_info,
+	.indexed = 1,
+};
+
+static const struct iio_info envelope_detector_info = {
+	.read_raw = &envelope_detector_read_raw,
+	.driver_module = THIS_MODULE,
+};
+
+static int envelope_detector_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
+{
+	struct device *dev = &pdev->dev;
+	struct iio_dev *indio_dev;
+	struct envelope *env;
+	enum iio_chan_type type;
+	int ret;
+
+	indio_dev = devm_iio_device_alloc(dev, sizeof(*env));
+	if (!indio_dev)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	platform_set_drvdata(pdev, indio_dev);
+	env = iio_priv(indio_dev);
+	env->comp_interval = 50; /* some sensible default? */
+
+	spin_lock_init(&env->comp_lock);
+	mutex_init(&env->read_lock);
+	init_completion(&env->done);
+	INIT_DELAYED_WORK(&env->comp_timeout, envelope_detector_timeout);
+
+	indio_dev->name = dev_name(dev);
+	indio_dev->dev.parent = dev;
+	indio_dev->dev.of_node = dev->of_node;
+	indio_dev->info = &envelope_detector_info;
+	indio_dev->channels = &envelope_detector_iio_channel;
+	indio_dev->num_channels = 1;
+
+	env->dac = devm_iio_channel_get(dev, "dac");
+	if (IS_ERR(env->dac)) {
+		if (PTR_ERR(env->dac) != -EPROBE_DEFER)
+			dev_err(dev, "failed to get dac input channel\n");
+		return PTR_ERR(env->dac);
+	}
+
+	env->comp_irq = platform_get_irq_byname(pdev, "comp");
+	if (env->comp_irq < 0) {
+		if (env->comp_irq != -EPROBE_DEFER)
+			dev_err(dev, "failed to get compare interrupt\n");
+		return env->comp_irq;
+	}
+
+	ret = devm_request_irq(dev, env->comp_irq, envelope_detector_comp_isr,
+			       0, "envelope-detector", env);
+	if (ret) {
+		if (ret != -EPROBE_DEFER)
+			dev_err(dev, "failed to request interrupt\n");
+		return ret;
+	}
+	env->comp_irq_trigger = irq_get_trigger_type(env->comp_irq);
+	if (env->comp_irq_trigger & IRQF_TRIGGER_RISING)
+		env->comp_irq_trigger_inv |= IRQF_TRIGGER_FALLING;
+	if (env->comp_irq_trigger & IRQF_TRIGGER_FALLING)
+		env->comp_irq_trigger_inv |= IRQF_TRIGGER_RISING;
+	if (env->comp_irq_trigger & IRQF_TRIGGER_HIGH)
+		env->comp_irq_trigger_inv |= IRQF_TRIGGER_LOW;
+	if (env->comp_irq_trigger & IRQF_TRIGGER_LOW)
+		env->comp_irq_trigger_inv |= IRQF_TRIGGER_HIGH;
+
+	ret = iio_get_channel_type(env->dac, &type);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		return ret;
+
+	if (type != IIO_VOLTAGE) {
+		dev_err(dev, "dac is of the wrong type\n");
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	ret = iio_read_max_channel_raw(env->dac, &env->dac_max);
+	if (ret < 0) {
+		dev_err(dev, "dac does not indicate its raw maximum value\n");
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+	return devm_iio_device_register(dev, indio_dev);
+}
+
+static const struct of_device_id envelope_detector_match[] = {
+	{ .compatible = "axentia,tse850-envelope-detector", },
+	{ /* sentinel */ }
+};
+MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(of, envelope_detector_match);
+
+static struct platform_driver envelope_detector_driver = {
+	.probe = envelope_detector_probe,
+	.driver = {
+		.name = "iio-envelope-detector",
+		.of_match_table = envelope_detector_match,
+	},
+};
+module_platform_driver(envelope_detector_driver);
+
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Envelope detector using a DAC and a comparator");
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Peter Rosin <[e-mail]>");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL v2");