c/r: prctl: add ability to set new mm_struct::exe_file

When we do restore we would like to have a way to setup a former
mm_struct::exe_file so that /proc/pid/exe would point to the original
executable file a process had at checkpoint time.

For this the PR_SET_MM_EXE_FILE code is introduced. This option takes a
file descriptor which will be set as a source for new /proc/$pid/exe
symlink.

Note it allows to change /proc/$pid/exe if there are no VM_EXECUTABLE
vmas present for current process, simply because this feature is a special
to C/R and mm::num_exe_file_vmas become meaningless after that.

To minimize the amount of transition the /proc/pid/exe symlink might have,
this feature is implemented in one-shot manner. Thus once changed the
symlink can't be changed again. This should help sysadmins to monitor the
symlinks over all process running in a system.

In particular one could make a snapshot of processes and ring alarm if
there unexpected changes of /proc/pid/exe's in a system.

Note -- this feature is available iif CONFIG_CHECKPOINT_RESTORE is set and
the caller must have CAP_SYS_RESOURCE capability granted, otherwise the
request to change symlink will be rejected.

Signed-off-by: Cyrill Gorcunov <[e-mail]>
Reviewed-by: Oleg Nesterov <[e-mail]>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <[e-mail]>
Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <[e-mail]>
Cc: Kees Cook <[e-mail]>
Cc: Tejun Heo <[e-mail]>
Cc: Matt Helsley <[e-mail]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[e-mail]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[e-mail]>

include/linux/prctl.h

···
 # define PR_SET_MM_ENV_START		10
 # define PR_SET_MM_ENV_END		11
 # define PR_SET_MM_AUXV			12
+# define PR_SET_MM_EXE_FILE		13
 
 /*
  * Set specific pid that is allowed to ptrace the current task.

kernel/sys.c

···
 #include <linux/personality.h>
 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
 #include <linux/fs_struct.h>
+#include <linux/file.h>
+#include <linux/mount.h>
 #include <linux/gfp.h>
 #include <linux/syscore_ops.h>
 #include <linux/version.h>
···
 		(vma->vm_flags & banned);
 }
 
+static int prctl_set_mm_exe_file(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned int fd)
+{
+	struct file *exe_file;
+	struct dentry *dentry;
+	int err;
+
+	/*
+	 * Setting new mm::exe_file is only allowed when no VM_EXECUTABLE vma's
+	 * remain. So perform a quick test first.
+	 */
+	if (mm->num_exe_file_vmas)
+		return -EBUSY;
+
+	exe_file = fget(fd);
+	if (!exe_file)
+		return -EBADF;
+
+	dentry = exe_file->f_path.dentry;
+
+	/*
+	 * Because the original mm->exe_file points to executable file, make
+	 * sure that this one is executable as well, to avoid breaking an
+	 * overall picture.
+	 */
+	err = -EACCES;
+	if (!S_ISREG(dentry->d_inode->i_mode)	||
+	    exe_file->f_path.mnt->mnt_flags & MNT_NOEXEC)
+		goto exit;
+
+	err = inode_permission(dentry->d_inode, MAY_EXEC);
+	if (err)
+		goto exit;
+
+	/*
+	 * The symlink can be changed only once, just to disallow arbitrary
+	 * transitions malicious software might bring in. This means one
+	 * could make a snapshot over all processes running and monitor
+	 * /proc/pid/exe changes to notice unusual activity if needed.
+	 */
+	down_write(&mm->mmap_sem);
+	if (likely(!mm->exe_file))
+		set_mm_exe_file(mm, exe_file);
+	else
+		err = -EBUSY;
+	up_write(&mm->mmap_sem);
+
+exit:
+	fput(exe_file);
+	return err;
+}
+
 static int prctl_set_mm(int opt, unsigned long addr,
 			unsigned long arg4, unsigned long arg5)
 {
···
 
 	if (!capable(CAP_SYS_RESOURCE))
 		return -EPERM;
+
+	if (opt == PR_SET_MM_EXE_FILE)
+		return prctl_set_mm_exe_file(mm, (unsigned int)addr);
 
 	if (addr >= TASK_SIZE)
 		return -EINVAL;