fatfs: add UTC timestamp option

Provide a new mount option ("tz=UTC") for DOS (vfat/msdos) filesystems,
allowing timestamps to be in coordinated universal time (UTC) rather than
local time in applications where doing this is advantageous.

In particular, portable devices that use fat/vfat (such as digital
cameras) can benefit from using UTC in their internal clocks, thus
avoiding daylight saving time errors and general time ambiguity issues.
The user of the device does not have to worry about changing the time when
moving from place or when daylight saving changes.

The new mount option, when set, disables the counter-adjustment that Linux
currently makes to FAT timestamp info in anticipation of the normal
userspace time zone correction. When used in this new mode, all daylight
saving time and time zone handling is done in userspace as is normal for
many other filesystems (like ext3). The default mode, which remains
unchanged, is still appropriate when mounting volumes written in Windows
(because of its use of local time).

I originally based this patch on one submitted last year by Paul Collins,
but I updated it to work with current source and changed variable/option
naming. Ogawa Hirofumi (who maintains these filesystems) and I discussed
this patch at length on lkml, and he suggested using the option name in
the attached version of the patch. Barry Bouwsma pointed out a good
addition to the patch as well.

Signed-off-by: Joe Peterson <[e-mail]>
Signed-off-by: Paul Collins <[e-mail]>
Acked-by: OGAWA Hirofumi <[e-mail]>
Cc: Barry Bouwsma <[e-mail]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[e-mail]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[e-mail]>

fs/fat/dir.c

···
 		goto error_free;
 	}
 
-	fat_date_unix2dos(ts->tv_sec, &time, &date);
+	fat_date_unix2dos(ts->tv_sec, &time, &date, sbi->options.tz_utc);
 
 	de = (struct msdos_dir_entry *)bhs[0]->b_data;
 	/* filling the new directory slots ("." and ".." entries) */

fs/fat/inode.c

···
 	inode->i_blocks = ((inode->i_size + (sbi->cluster_size - 1))
 			   & ~((loff_t)sbi->cluster_size - 1)) >> 9;
 	inode->i_mtime.tv_sec =
-		date_dos2unix(le16_to_cpu(de->time), le16_to_cpu(de->date));
+		date_dos2unix(le16_to_cpu(de->time), le16_to_cpu(de->date),
+			      sbi->options.tz_utc);
 	inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec = 0;
 	if (sbi->options.isvfat) {
 		int secs = de->ctime_cs / 100;
 		int csecs = de->ctime_cs % 100;
 		inode->i_ctime.tv_sec  =
 			date_dos2unix(le16_to_cpu(de->ctime),
-				      le16_to_cpu(de->cdate)) + secs;
+				      le16_to_cpu(de->cdate),
+				      sbi->options.tz_utc) + secs;
 		inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec = csecs * 10000000;
 		inode->i_atime.tv_sec =
-			date_dos2unix(0, le16_to_cpu(de->adate));
+			date_dos2unix(0, le16_to_cpu(de->adate),
+				      sbi->options.tz_utc);
 		inode->i_atime.tv_nsec = 0;
 	} else
 		inode->i_ctime = inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime;
···
 	raw_entry->attr = fat_attr(inode);
 	raw_entry->start = cpu_to_le16(MSDOS_I(inode)->i_logstart);
 	raw_entry->starthi = cpu_to_le16(MSDOS_I(inode)->i_logstart >> 16);
-	fat_date_unix2dos(inode->i_mtime.tv_sec, &raw_entry->time, &raw_entry->date);
+	fat_date_unix2dos(inode->i_mtime.tv_sec, &raw_entry->time,
+			  &raw_entry->date, sbi->options.tz_utc);
 	if (sbi->options.isvfat) {
 		__le16 atime;
-		fat_date_unix2dos(inode->i_ctime.tv_sec,&raw_entry->ctime,&raw_entry->cdate);
-		fat_date_unix2dos(inode->i_atime.tv_sec,&atime,&raw_entry->adate);
+		fat_date_unix2dos(inode->i_ctime.tv_sec, &raw_entry->ctime,
+				  &raw_entry->cdate, sbi->options.tz_utc);
+		fat_date_unix2dos(inode->i_atime.tv_sec, &atime,
+				  &raw_entry->adate, sbi->options.tz_utc);
 		raw_entry->ctime_cs = (inode->i_ctime.tv_sec & 1) * 100 +
 			inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec / 10000000;
 	}
···
 	}
 	if (sbi->options.flush)
 		seq_puts(m, ",flush");
+	if (opts->tz_utc)
+		seq_puts(m, ",tz=UTC");
 
 	return 0;
 }
···
 	Opt_charset, Opt_shortname_lower, Opt_shortname_win95,
 	Opt_shortname_winnt, Opt_shortname_mixed, Opt_utf8_no, Opt_utf8_yes,
 	Opt_uni_xl_no, Opt_uni_xl_yes, Opt_nonumtail_no, Opt_nonumtail_yes,
-	Opt_obsolate, Opt_flush, Opt_err,
+	Opt_obsolate, Opt_flush, Opt_tz_utc, Opt_err,
 };
 
 static match_table_t fat_tokens = {
···
 	{Opt_obsolate, "cvf_options=%100s"},
 	{Opt_obsolate, "posix"},
 	{Opt_flush, "flush"},
+	{Opt_tz_utc, "tz=UTC"},
 	{Opt_err, NULL},
 };
 static match_table_t msdos_tokens = {
···
 	opts->utf8 = opts->unicode_xlate = 0;
 	opts->numtail = 1;
 	opts->usefree = opts->nocase = 0;
+	opts->tz_utc = 0;
 	*debug = 0;
 
 	if (!options)
···
 			break;
 		case Opt_flush:
 			opts->flush = 1;
+			break;
+		case Opt_tz_utc:
+			opts->tz_utc = 1;
 			break;
 
 		/* msdos specific */

fs/fat/misc.c

···
 };
 
 /* Convert a MS-DOS time/date pair to a UNIX date (seconds since 1 1 70). */
-int date_dos2unix(unsigned short time, unsigned short date)
+int date_dos2unix(unsigned short time, unsigned short date, int tz_utc)
 {
 	int month, year, secs;
 
···
 	    ((date & 31)-1+day_n[month]+(year/4)+year*365-((year & 3) == 0 &&
 	    month < 2 ? 1 : 0)+3653);
 			/* days since 1.1.70 plus 80's leap day */
-	secs += sys_tz.tz_minuteswest*60;
+	if (!tz_utc)
+		secs += sys_tz.tz_minuteswest*60;
 	return secs;
 }
 
 /* Convert linear UNIX date to a MS-DOS time/date pair. */
-void fat_date_unix2dos(int unix_date, __le16 *time, __le16 *date)
+void fat_date_unix2dos(int unix_date, __le16 *time, __le16 *date, int tz_utc)
 {
 	int day, year, nl_day, month;
 
-	unix_date -= sys_tz.tz_minuteswest*60;
+	if (!tz_utc)
+		unix_date -= sys_tz.tz_minuteswest*60;
 
 	/* Jan 1 GMT 00:00:00 1980. But what about another time zone? */
 	if (unix_date < 315532800)

fs/msdos/namei.c

···
 			   int is_dir, int is_hid, int cluster,
 			   struct timespec *ts, struct fat_slot_info *sinfo)
 {
+	struct msdos_sb_info *sbi = MSDOS_SB(dir->i_sb);
 	struct msdos_dir_entry de;
 	__le16 time, date;
 	int err;
···
 	if (is_hid)
 		de.attr |= ATTR_HIDDEN;
 	de.lcase = 0;
-	fat_date_unix2dos(ts->tv_sec, &time, &date);
+	fat_date_unix2dos(ts->tv_sec, &time, &date, sbi->options.tz_utc);
 	de.cdate = de.adate = 0;
 	de.ctime = 0;
 	de.ctime_cs = 0;

fs/vfat/namei.c

···
 	memcpy(de->name, msdos_name, MSDOS_NAME);
 	de->attr = is_dir ? ATTR_DIR : ATTR_ARCH;
 	de->lcase = lcase;
-	fat_date_unix2dos(ts->tv_sec, &time, &date);
+	fat_date_unix2dos(ts->tv_sec, &time, &date, sbi->options.tz_utc);
 	de->time = de->ctime = time;
 	de->date = de->cdate = de->adate = date;
 	de->ctime_cs = 0;

include/linux/msdos_fs.h

···
 		 numtail:1,       /* Does first alias have a numeric '~1' type tail? */
 		 flush:1,	  /* write things quickly */
 		 nocase:1,	  /* Does this need case conversion? 0=need case conversion*/
-		 usefree:1;	  /* Use free_clusters for FAT32 */
+		 usefree:1,	  /* Use free_clusters for FAT32 */
+		 tz_utc:1;	  /* Filesystem timestamps are in UTC */
 };
 
 #define FAT_HASH_BITS	8
···
 extern void fat_fs_panic(struct super_block *s, const char *fmt, ...);
 extern void fat_clusters_flush(struct super_block *sb);
 extern int fat_chain_add(struct inode *inode, int new_dclus, int nr_cluster);
-extern int date_dos2unix(unsigned short time, unsigned short date);
-extern void fat_date_unix2dos(int unix_date, __le16 *time, __le16 *date);
+extern int date_dos2unix(unsigned short time, unsigned short date, int tz_utc);
+extern void fat_date_unix2dos(int unix_date, __le16 *time, __le16 *date,
+			      int tz_utc);
 extern int fat_sync_bhs(struct buffer_head **bhs, int nr_bhs);
 
 int fat_cache_init(void);