srcu: Provide polling interfaces for Tiny SRCU grace periods

There is a need for a polling interface for SRCU grace
periods, so this commit supplies get_state_synchronize_srcu(),
start_poll_synchronize_srcu(), and poll_state_synchronize_srcu() for this
purpose. The first can be used if future grace periods are inevitable
(perhaps due to a later call_srcu() invocation), the second if future
grace periods might not otherwise happen, and the third to check if a
grace period has elapsed since the corresponding call to either of the
first two.

As with get_state_synchronize_rcu() and cond_synchronize_rcu(),
the return value from either get_state_synchronize_srcu() or
start_poll_synchronize_srcu() must be passed in to a later call to
poll_state_synchronize_srcu().

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/rcu/[e-mail]/
Reported-by: Kent Overstreet <[e-mail]>
[ paulmck: Add EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL() per kernel test robot feedback. ]
[ paulmck: Apply feedback from Neeraj Upadhyay. ]
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20201117004017.GA7444@paulmck-ThinkPad-P72/
Reviewed-by: Neeraj Upadhyay <[e-mail]>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <[e-mail]>

include/linux/rcupdate.h

···
 #define ULONG_CMP_GE(a, b)	(ULONG_MAX / 2 >= (a) - (b))
 #define ULONG_CMP_LT(a, b)	(ULONG_MAX / 2 < (a) - (b))
 #define ulong2long(a)		(*(long *)(&(a)))
+#define USHORT_CMP_GE(a, b)	(USHRT_MAX / 2 >= (unsigned short)((a) - (b)))
+#define USHORT_CMP_LT(a, b)	(USHRT_MAX / 2 < (unsigned short)((a) - (b)))
 
 /* Exported common interfaces */
 void call_rcu(struct rcu_head *head, rcu_callback_t func);

include/linux/srcu.h

···
 int __srcu_read_lock(struct srcu_struct *ssp) __acquires(ssp);
 void __srcu_read_unlock(struct srcu_struct *ssp, int idx) __releases(ssp);
 void synchronize_srcu(struct srcu_struct *ssp);
+unsigned long get_state_synchronize_srcu(struct srcu_struct *ssp);
+unsigned long start_poll_synchronize_srcu(struct srcu_struct *ssp);
+bool poll_state_synchronize_srcu(struct srcu_struct *ssp, unsigned long cookie);
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC
 

include/linux/srcutiny.h

···
 struct srcu_struct {
 	short srcu_lock_nesting[2];	/* srcu_read_lock() nesting depth. */
 	unsigned short srcu_idx;	/* Current reader array element in bit 0x2. */
+	unsigned short srcu_idx_max;	/* Furthest future srcu_idx request. */
 	u8 srcu_gp_running;		/* GP workqueue running? */
 	u8 srcu_gp_waiting;		/* GP waiting for readers? */
 	struct swait_queue_head srcu_wq;

kernel/rcu/srcutiny.c

···
 	ssp->srcu_gp_running = false;
 	ssp->srcu_gp_waiting = false;
 	ssp->srcu_idx = 0;
+	ssp->srcu_idx_max = 0;
 	INIT_WORK(&ssp->srcu_work, srcu_drive_gp);
 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ssp->srcu_work.entry);
 	return 0;
···
 	WARN_ON(ssp->srcu_gp_waiting);
 	WARN_ON(ssp->srcu_cb_head);
 	WARN_ON(&ssp->srcu_cb_head != ssp->srcu_cb_tail);
+	WARN_ON(ssp->srcu_idx != ssp->srcu_idx_max);
+	WARN_ON(ssp->srcu_idx & 0x1);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(cleanup_srcu_struct);
 
···
 	struct srcu_struct *ssp;
 
 	ssp = container_of(wp, struct srcu_struct, srcu_work);
-	if (ssp->srcu_gp_running || !READ_ONCE(ssp->srcu_cb_head))
+	if (ssp->srcu_gp_running || USHORT_CMP_GE(ssp->srcu_idx, READ_ONCE(ssp->srcu_idx_max)))
 		return; /* Already running or nothing to do. */
 
 	/* Remove recently arrived callbacks and wait for readers. */
···
 	 * straighten that out.
 	 */
 	WRITE_ONCE(ssp->srcu_gp_running, false);
-	if (READ_ONCE(ssp->srcu_cb_head))
+	if (USHORT_CMP_LT(ssp->srcu_idx, READ_ONCE(ssp->srcu_idx_max)))
 		schedule_work(&ssp->srcu_work);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(srcu_drive_gp);
 
 static void srcu_gp_start_if_needed(struct srcu_struct *ssp)
 {
+	unsigned short cookie;
+
+	cookie = get_state_synchronize_srcu(ssp);
+	if (USHORT_CMP_GE(READ_ONCE(ssp->srcu_idx_max), cookie))
+		return;
+	WRITE_ONCE(ssp->srcu_idx_max, cookie);
 	if (!READ_ONCE(ssp->srcu_gp_running)) {
 		if (likely(srcu_init_done))
 			schedule_work(&ssp->srcu_work);
···
 	destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rs.head);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(synchronize_srcu);
+
+/*
+ * get_state_synchronize_srcu - Provide an end-of-grace-period cookie
+ */
+unsigned long get_state_synchronize_srcu(struct srcu_struct *ssp)
+{
+	unsigned long ret;
+
+	barrier();
+	ret = (READ_ONCE(ssp->srcu_idx) + 3) & ~0x1;
+	barrier();
+	return ret & USHRT_MAX;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(get_state_synchronize_srcu);
+
+/*
+ * start_poll_synchronize_srcu - Provide cookie and start grace period
+ *
+ * The difference between this and get_state_synchronize_srcu() is that
+ * this function ensures that the poll_state_synchronize_srcu() will
+ * eventually return the value true.
+ */
+unsigned long start_poll_synchronize_srcu(struct srcu_struct *ssp)
+{
+	unsigned long ret = get_state_synchronize_srcu(ssp);
+
+	srcu_gp_start_if_needed(ssp);
+	return ret;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(start_poll_synchronize_srcu);
+
+/*
+ * poll_state_synchronize_srcu - Has cookie's grace period ended?
+ */
+bool poll_state_synchronize_srcu(struct srcu_struct *ssp, unsigned long cookie)
+{
+	bool ret = USHORT_CMP_GE(READ_ONCE(ssp->srcu_idx), cookie);
+
+	barrier();
+	return ret;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(poll_state_synchronize_srcu);
 
 /* Lockdep diagnostics.  */
 void __init rcu_scheduler_starting(void)