bpf: don't infer PTR_TO_CTX for programs with unnamed context type

For program types that don't have named context type name (e.g., BPF
iterator programs or tracepoint programs), ctx_tname will be a non-NULL
empty string. For such programs it shouldn't be possible to have
PTR_TO_CTX argument for global subprogs based on type name alone.
arg:ctx tag is the only way to have PTR_TO_CTX passed into global
subprog for such program types.

Fix this loophole, which currently would assume PTR_TO_CTX whenever
user uses a pointer to anonymous struct as an argument to their global
subprogs. This happens in practice with the following (quite common, in
practice) approach:

typedef struct { /* anonymous */
int x;
} my_type_t;

int my_subprog(my_type_t *arg) { ... }

User's intent is to have PTR_TO_MEM argument for `arg`, but verifier
will complain about expecting PTR_TO_CTX.

This fix also closes unintended s390x-specific KPROBE handling of
PTR_TO_CTX case. Selftest change is necessary to accommodate this.

Fixes: 91cc1a99740e ("bpf: Annotate context types")
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <[e-mail]>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/[e-mail]
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <[e-mail]>

kernel/bpf/btf.c

···
 		bpf_log(log, "Please fix kernel include/linux/bpf_types.h\n");
 		return false;
 	}
+	/* program types without named context types work only with arg:ctx tag */
+	if (ctx_tname[0] == '\0')
+		return false;
 	/* only compare that prog's ctx type name is the same as
 	 * kernel expects. No need to compare field by field.
 	 * It's ok for bpf prog to do:

tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/test_global_func_ctx_args.c

···
 	return kprobe_typedef_ctx_subprog(ctx);
 }
 
+/* s390x defines:
+ *
+ * typedef user_pt_regs bpf_user_pt_regs_t;
+ * typedef struct { ... } user_pt_regs;
+ *
+ * And so "canonical" underlying struct type is anonymous.
+ * So on s390x only valid ways to have PTR_TO_CTX argument in global subprogs
+ * are:
+ *   - bpf_user_pt_regs_t *ctx (typedef);
+ *   - struct bpf_user_pt_regs_t *ctx (backwards compatible struct hack);
+ *   - void *ctx __arg_ctx (arg:ctx tag)
+ *
+ * Other architectures also allow using underlying struct types (e.g.,
+ * `struct pt_regs *ctx` for x86-64)
+ */
+#ifndef bpf_target_s390
+
 #define pt_regs_struct_t typeof(*(__PT_REGS_CAST((struct pt_regs *)NULL)))
 
 __weak int kprobe_struct_ctx_subprog(pt_regs_struct_t *ctx)
···
 {
 	return kprobe_struct_ctx_subprog(ctx);
 }
+
+#endif
 
 /* this is current hack to make this work on old kernels */
 struct bpf_user_pt_regs_t {};