Merge tag 'for-f2fs-4.12' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs

Pull f2fs updates from Jaegeuk Kim:
"In this round, we've focused on enhancing performance with regards to
block allocation, GC, and discard/in-place-update IO controls. There
are a bunch of clean-ups as well as minor bug fixes.

Enhancements:
- disable heap-based allocation by default
- issue small-sized discard commands by default
- change the policy of data hotness for logging
- distinguish IOs in terms of size and wbc type
- start SSR earlier to avoid foreground GC
- enhance data structures managing discard commands
- enhance in-place update flow
- add some more fault injection routines
- secure one more xattr entry

Bug fixes:
- calculate victim cost for GC correctly
- remain correct victim segment number for GC
- race condition in nid allocator and initializer
- stale pointer produced by atomic_writes
- fix missing REQ_SYNC for flush commands
- handle missing errors in more corner cases"

* tag 'for-f2fs-4.12' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs: (111 commits)
f2fs: fix a mount fail for wrong next_scan_nid
f2fs: enhance scalability of trace macro
f2fs: relocate inode_{,un}lock in F2FS_IOC_SETFLAGS
f2fs: Make flush bios explicitely sync
f2fs: show available_nids in f2fs/status
f2fs: flush dirty nats periodically
f2fs: introduce CP_TRIMMED_FLAG to avoid unneeded discard
f2fs: allow cpc->reason to indicate more than one reason
f2fs: release cp and dnode lock before IPU
f2fs: shrink size of struct discard_cmd
f2fs: don't hold cmd_lock during waiting discard command
f2fs: nullify fio->encrypted_page for each writes
f2fs: sanity check segment count
f2fs: introduce valid_ipu_blkaddr to clean up
f2fs: lookup extent cache first under IPU scenario
f2fs: reconstruct code to write a data page
f2fs: introduce __wait_discard_cmd
f2fs: introduce __issue_discard_cmd
f2fs: enable small discard by default
f2fs: delay awaking discard thread
...

fs/f2fs/checkpoint.c

···
 		get_pages(sbi, F2FS_DIRTY_META) < nr_pages_to_skip(sbi, META))
 		goto skip_write;
 
-	trace_f2fs_writepages(mapping->host, wbc, META);
+	/* if locked failed, cp will flush dirty pages instead */
+	if (!mutex_trylock(&sbi->cp_mutex))
+		goto skip_write;
 
-	/* if mounting is failed, skip writing node pages */
-	mutex_lock(&sbi->cp_mutex);
+	trace_f2fs_writepages(mapping->host, wbc, META);
 	diff = nr_pages_to_write(sbi, META, wbc);
 	written = sync_meta_pages(sbi, META, wbc->nr_to_write);
 	mutex_unlock(&sbi->cp_mutex);
···
 	if (ni.blk_addr != NULL_ADDR) {
 		set_sbi_flag(sbi, SBI_NEED_FSCK);
 		f2fs_msg(sbi->sb, KERN_WARNING,
-			"%s: orphan failed (ino=%x), run fsck to fix.",
+			"%s: orphan failed (ino=%x) by kernel, retry mount.",
 				__func__, ino);
 		return -EIO;
 	}
···
 	*cp_block = (struct f2fs_checkpoint *)page_address(*cp_page);
 
 	crc_offset = le32_to_cpu((*cp_block)->checksum_offset);
-	if (crc_offset >= blk_size) {
+	if (crc_offset > (blk_size - sizeof(__le32))) {
 		f2fs_msg(sbi->sb, KERN_WARNING,
 			"invalid crc_offset: %zu", crc_offset);
 		return -EINVAL;
···
 		return;
 
 	set_inode_flag(inode, flag);
-	list_add_tail(&F2FS_I(inode)->dirty_list, &sbi->inode_list[type]);
+	if (!f2fs_is_volatile_file(inode))
+		list_add_tail(&F2FS_I(inode)->dirty_list,
+						&sbi->inode_list[type]);
 	stat_inc_dirty_inode(sbi, type);
 }
 
···
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static void __prepare_cp_block(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi)
+{
+	struct f2fs_checkpoint *ckpt = F2FS_CKPT(sbi);
+	struct f2fs_nm_info *nm_i = NM_I(sbi);
+	nid_t last_nid = nm_i->next_scan_nid;
+
+	next_free_nid(sbi, &last_nid);
+	ckpt->valid_block_count = cpu_to_le64(valid_user_blocks(sbi));
+	ckpt->valid_node_count = cpu_to_le32(valid_node_count(sbi));
+	ckpt->valid_inode_count = cpu_to_le32(valid_inode_count(sbi));
+	ckpt->next_free_nid = cpu_to_le32(last_nid);
+}
+
 /*
  * Freeze all the FS-operations for checkpoint.
  */
···
 		err = sync_dirty_inodes(sbi, DIR_INODE);
 		if (err)
 			goto out;
-		goto retry_flush_dents;
-	}
-
-	if (get_pages(sbi, F2FS_DIRTY_IMETA)) {
-		f2fs_unlock_all(sbi);
-		err = f2fs_sync_inode_meta(sbi);
-		if (err)
-			goto out;
+		cond_resched();
 		goto retry_flush_dents;
 	}
 
 	/*
 	 * POR: we should ensure that there are no dirty node pages
-	 * until finishing nat/sit flush.
+	 * until finishing nat/sit flush. inode->i_blocks can be updated.
 	 */
+	down_write(&sbi->node_change);
+
+	if (get_pages(sbi, F2FS_DIRTY_IMETA)) {
+		up_write(&sbi->node_change);
+		f2fs_unlock_all(sbi);
+		err = f2fs_sync_inode_meta(sbi);
+		if (err)
+			goto out;
+		cond_resched();
+		goto retry_flush_dents;
+	}
+
 retry_flush_nodes:
 	down_write(&sbi->node_write);
 
···
 		up_write(&sbi->node_write);
 		err = sync_node_pages(sbi, &wbc);
 		if (err) {
+			up_write(&sbi->node_change);
 			f2fs_unlock_all(sbi);
 			goto out;
 		}
+		cond_resched();
 		goto retry_flush_nodes;
 	}
+
+	/*
+	 * sbi->node_change is used only for AIO write_begin path which produces
+	 * dirty node blocks and some checkpoint values by block allocation.
+	 */
+	__prepare_cp_block(sbi);
+	up_write(&sbi->node_change);
 out:
 	blk_finish_plug(&plug);
 	return err;
···
 
 	spin_lock(&sbi->cp_lock);
 
-	if (cpc->reason == CP_UMOUNT && ckpt->cp_pack_total_block_count >
+	if ((cpc->reason & CP_UMOUNT) &&
+			le32_to_cpu(ckpt->cp_pack_total_block_count) >
 			sbi->blocks_per_seg - NM_I(sbi)->nat_bits_blocks)
 		disable_nat_bits(sbi, false);
 
-	if (cpc->reason == CP_UMOUNT)
+	if (cpc->reason & CP_TRIMMED)
+		__set_ckpt_flags(ckpt, CP_TRIMMED_FLAG);
+
+	if (cpc->reason & CP_UMOUNT)
 		__set_ckpt_flags(ckpt, CP_UMOUNT_FLAG);
 	else
 		__clear_ckpt_flags(ckpt, CP_UMOUNT_FLAG);
 
-	if (cpc->reason == CP_FASTBOOT)
+	if (cpc->reason & CP_FASTBOOT)
 		__set_ckpt_flags(ckpt, CP_FASTBOOT_FLAG);
 	else
 		__clear_ckpt_flags(ckpt, CP_FASTBOOT_FLAG);
···
 	struct f2fs_checkpoint *ckpt = F2FS_CKPT(sbi);
 	struct f2fs_nm_info *nm_i = NM_I(sbi);
 	unsigned long orphan_num = sbi->im[ORPHAN_INO].ino_num;
-	nid_t last_nid = nm_i->next_scan_nid;
 	block_t start_blk;
 	unsigned int data_sum_blocks, orphan_blocks;
 	__u32 crc32 = 0;
···
 			return -EIO;
 	}
 
-	next_free_nid(sbi, &last_nid);
-
 	/*
 	 * modify checkpoint
 	 * version number is already updated
 	 */
 	ckpt->elapsed_time = cpu_to_le64(get_mtime(sbi));
-	ckpt->valid_block_count = cpu_to_le64(valid_user_blocks(sbi));
 	ckpt->free_segment_count = cpu_to_le32(free_segments(sbi));
 	for (i = 0; i < NR_CURSEG_NODE_TYPE; i++) {
 		ckpt->cur_node_segno[i] =
···
 		ckpt->alloc_type[i + CURSEG_HOT_DATA] =
 				curseg_alloc_type(sbi, i + CURSEG_HOT_DATA);
 	}
-
-	ckpt->valid_node_count = cpu_to_le32(valid_node_count(sbi));
-	ckpt->valid_inode_count = cpu_to_le32(valid_inode_count(sbi));
-	ckpt->next_free_nid = cpu_to_le32(last_nid);
 
 	/* 2 cp  + n data seg summary + orphan inode blocks */
 	data_sum_blocks = npages_for_summary_flush(sbi, false);
···
 	/* write nat bits */
 	if (enabled_nat_bits(sbi, cpc)) {
 		__u64 cp_ver = cur_cp_version(ckpt);
-		unsigned int i;
 		block_t blk;
 
 		cp_ver |= ((__u64)crc32 << 32);
···
 	mutex_lock(&sbi->cp_mutex);
 
 	if (!is_sbi_flag_set(sbi, SBI_IS_DIRTY) &&
-		(cpc->reason == CP_FASTBOOT || cpc->reason == CP_SYNC ||
-		(cpc->reason == CP_DISCARD && !sbi->discard_blks)))
+		((cpc->reason & CP_FASTBOOT) || (cpc->reason & CP_SYNC) ||
+		((cpc->reason & CP_DISCARD) && !sbi->discard_blks)))
 		goto out;
 	if (unlikely(f2fs_cp_error(sbi))) {
 		err = -EIO;
···
 	f2fs_flush_merged_bios(sbi);
 
 	/* this is the case of multiple fstrims without any changes */
-	if (cpc->reason == CP_DISCARD) {
+	if (cpc->reason & CP_DISCARD) {
 		if (!exist_trim_candidates(sbi, cpc)) {
 			unblock_operations(sbi);
 			goto out;
···
 	unblock_operations(sbi);
 	stat_inc_cp_count(sbi->stat_info);
 
-	if (cpc->reason == CP_RECOVERY)
+	if (cpc->reason & CP_RECOVERY)
 		f2fs_msg(sbi->sb, KERN_NOTICE,
 			"checkpoint: version = %llx", ckpt_ver);
 

fs/f2fs/data.c

···
 	if (type >= META_FLUSH) {
 		io->fio.type = META_FLUSH;
 		io->fio.op = REQ_OP_WRITE;
-		io->fio.op_flags = REQ_META | REQ_PRIO;
+		io->fio.op_flags = REQ_META | REQ_PRIO | REQ_SYNC;
 		if (!test_opt(sbi, NOBARRIER))
 			io->fio.op_flags |= REQ_PREFLUSH | REQ_FUA;
 	}
···
 
 /*
  * Fill the locked page with data located in the block address.
- * Return unlocked page.
+ * A caller needs to unlock the page on failure.
  */
 int f2fs_submit_page_bio(struct f2fs_io_info *fio)
 {
···
 	bio_set_op_attrs(bio, fio->op, fio->op_flags);
 
 	__submit_bio(fio->sbi, bio, fio->type);
+
+	if (!is_read_io(fio->op))
+		inc_page_count(fio->sbi, WB_DATA_TYPE(fio->page));
 	return 0;
 }
 
···
 	return err;
 }
 
+static inline void __do_map_lock(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, int flag, bool lock)
+{
+	if (flag == F2FS_GET_BLOCK_PRE_AIO) {
+		if (lock)
+			down_read(&sbi->node_change);
+		else
+			up_read(&sbi->node_change);
+	} else {
+		if (lock)
+			f2fs_lock_op(sbi);
+		else
+			f2fs_unlock_op(sbi);
+	}
+}
+
 /*
  * f2fs_map_blocks() now supported readahead/bmap/rw direct_IO with
  * f2fs_map_blocks structure.
···
 
 next_dnode:
 	if (create)
-		f2fs_lock_op(sbi);
+		__do_map_lock(sbi, flag, true);
 
 	/* When reading holes, we need its node page */
 	set_new_dnode(&dn, inode, NULL, NULL, 0);
···
 	f2fs_put_dnode(&dn);
 
 	if (create) {
-		f2fs_unlock_op(sbi);
+		__do_map_lock(sbi, flag, false);
 		f2fs_balance_fs(sbi, dn.node_changed);
 	}
 	goto next_dnode;
···
 	f2fs_put_dnode(&dn);
 unlock_out:
 	if (create) {
-		f2fs_unlock_op(sbi);
+		__do_map_lock(sbi, flag, false);
 		f2fs_balance_fs(sbi, dn.node_changed);
 	}
 out:
···
 
 	for (page_idx = 0; nr_pages; page_idx++, nr_pages--) {
 
-		prefetchw(&page->flags);
 		if (pages) {
 			page = list_last_entry(pages, struct page, lru);
+
+			prefetchw(&page->flags);
 			list_del(&page->lru);
 			if (add_to_page_cache_lru(page, mapping,
 						  page->index,
···
 	return f2fs_mpage_readpages(mapping, pages, NULL, nr_pages);
 }
 
+static int encrypt_one_page(struct f2fs_io_info *fio)
+{
+	struct inode *inode = fio->page->mapping->host;
+	gfp_t gfp_flags = GFP_NOFS;
+
+	if (!f2fs_encrypted_inode(inode) || !S_ISREG(inode->i_mode))
+		return 0;
+
+	/* wait for GCed encrypted page writeback */
+	f2fs_wait_on_encrypted_page_writeback(fio->sbi, fio->old_blkaddr);
+
+retry_encrypt:
+	fio->encrypted_page = fscrypt_encrypt_page(inode, fio->page,
+			PAGE_SIZE, 0, fio->page->index, gfp_flags);
+	if (!IS_ERR(fio->encrypted_page))
+		return 0;
+
+	/* flush pending IOs and wait for a while in the ENOMEM case */
+	if (PTR_ERR(fio->encrypted_page) == -ENOMEM) {
+		f2fs_flush_merged_bios(fio->sbi);
+		congestion_wait(BLK_RW_ASYNC, HZ/50);
+		gfp_flags |= __GFP_NOFAIL;
+		goto retry_encrypt;
+	}
+	return PTR_ERR(fio->encrypted_page);
+}
+
+static inline bool need_inplace_update(struct f2fs_io_info *fio)
+{
+	struct inode *inode = fio->page->mapping->host;
+
+	if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode) || f2fs_is_atomic_file(inode))
+		return false;
+	if (is_cold_data(fio->page))
+		return false;
+	if (IS_ATOMIC_WRITTEN_PAGE(fio->page))
+		return false;
+
+	return need_inplace_update_policy(inode, fio);
+}
+
+static inline bool valid_ipu_blkaddr(struct f2fs_io_info *fio)
+{
+	if (fio->old_blkaddr == NEW_ADDR)
+		return false;
+	if (fio->old_blkaddr == NULL_ADDR)
+		return false;
+	return true;
+}
+
 int do_write_data_page(struct f2fs_io_info *fio)
 {
 	struct page *page = fio->page;
 	struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host;
 	struct dnode_of_data dn;
+	struct extent_info ei = {0,0,0};
+	bool ipu_force = false;
 	int err = 0;
 
 	set_new_dnode(&dn, inode, NULL, NULL, 0);
+	if (need_inplace_update(fio) &&
+			f2fs_lookup_extent_cache(inode, page->index, &ei)) {
+		fio->old_blkaddr = ei.blk + page->index - ei.fofs;
+
+		if (valid_ipu_blkaddr(fio)) {
+			ipu_force = true;
+			fio->need_lock = false;
+			goto got_it;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (fio->need_lock)
+		f2fs_lock_op(fio->sbi);
+
 	err = get_dnode_of_data(&dn, page->index, LOOKUP_NODE);
 	if (err)
-		return err;
+		goto out;
 
 	fio->old_blkaddr = dn.data_blkaddr;
 
···
 		ClearPageUptodate(page);
 		goto out_writepage;
 	}
-
-	if (f2fs_encrypted_inode(inode) && S_ISREG(inode->i_mode)) {
-		gfp_t gfp_flags = GFP_NOFS;
-
-		/* wait for GCed encrypted page writeback */
-		f2fs_wait_on_encrypted_page_writeback(F2FS_I_SB(inode),
-							fio->old_blkaddr);
-retry_encrypt:
-		fio->encrypted_page = fscrypt_encrypt_page(inode, fio->page,
-							PAGE_SIZE, 0,
-							fio->page->index,
-							gfp_flags);
-		if (IS_ERR(fio->encrypted_page)) {
-			err = PTR_ERR(fio->encrypted_page);
-			if (err == -ENOMEM) {
-				/* flush pending ios and wait for a while */
-				f2fs_flush_merged_bios(F2FS_I_SB(inode));
-				congestion_wait(BLK_RW_ASYNC, HZ/50);
-				gfp_flags |= __GFP_NOFAIL;
-				err = 0;
-				goto retry_encrypt;
-			}
-			goto out_writepage;
-		}
-	}
+got_it:
+	err = encrypt_one_page(fio);
+	if (err)
+		goto out_writepage;
 
 	set_page_writeback(page);
 
···
 	 * If current allocation needs SSR,
 	 * it had better in-place writes for updated data.
 	 */
-	if (unlikely(fio->old_blkaddr != NEW_ADDR &&
-			!is_cold_data(page) &&
-			!IS_ATOMIC_WRITTEN_PAGE(page) &&
-			need_inplace_update(inode))) {
-		rewrite_data_page(fio);
+	if (ipu_force || (valid_ipu_blkaddr(fio) && need_inplace_update(fio))) {
+		f2fs_put_dnode(&dn);
+		if (fio->need_lock)
+			f2fs_unlock_op(fio->sbi);
+		err = rewrite_data_page(fio);
+		trace_f2fs_do_write_data_page(fio->page, IPU);
 		set_inode_flag(inode, FI_UPDATE_WRITE);
-		trace_f2fs_do_write_data_page(page, IPU);
-	} else {
-		write_data_page(&dn, fio);
-		trace_f2fs_do_write_data_page(page, OPU);
-		set_inode_flag(inode, FI_APPEND_WRITE);
-		if (page->index == 0)
-			set_inode_flag(inode, FI_FIRST_BLOCK_WRITTEN);
+		return err;
 	}
+
+	/* LFS mode write path */
+	write_data_page(&dn, fio);
+	trace_f2fs_do_write_data_page(page, OPU);
+	set_inode_flag(inode, FI_APPEND_WRITE);
+	if (page->index == 0)
+		set_inode_flag(inode, FI_FIRST_BLOCK_WRITTEN);
 out_writepage:
 	f2fs_put_dnode(&dn);
+out:
+	if (fio->need_lock)
+		f2fs_unlock_op(fio->sbi);
 	return err;
 }
 
···
 		.type = DATA,
 		.op = REQ_OP_WRITE,
 		.op_flags = wbc_to_write_flags(wbc),
+		.old_blkaddr = NULL_ADDR,
 		.page = page,
 		.encrypted_page = NULL,
 		.submitted = false,
+		.need_lock = true,
 	};
 
 	trace_f2fs_writepage(page, DATA);
···
 
 	/* Dentry blocks are controlled by checkpoint */
 	if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode)) {
+		fio.need_lock = false;
 		err = do_write_data_page(&fio);
 		goto done;
 	}
···
 		need_balance_fs = true;
 	else if (has_not_enough_free_secs(sbi, 0, 0))
 		goto redirty_out;
+	else
+		set_inode_flag(inode, FI_HOT_DATA);
 
 	err = -EAGAIN;
 	if (f2fs_has_inline_data(inode)) {
···
 		if (!err)
 			goto out;
 	}
-	f2fs_lock_op(sbi);
+
 	if (err == -EAGAIN)
 		err = do_write_data_page(&fio);
 	if (F2FS_I(inode)->last_disk_size < psize)
 		F2FS_I(inode)->last_disk_size = psize;
-	f2fs_unlock_op(sbi);
+
 done:
 	if (err && err != -ENOENT)
 		goto redirty_out;
···
 	if (wbc->for_reclaim) {
 		f2fs_submit_merged_bio_cond(sbi, inode, 0, page->index,
 						DATA, WRITE);
+		clear_inode_flag(inode, FI_HOT_DATA);
 		remove_dirty_inode(inode);
 		submitted = NULL;
 	}
 
 	unlock_page(page);
-	f2fs_balance_fs(sbi, need_balance_fs);
+	if (!S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode))
+		f2fs_balance_fs(sbi, need_balance_fs);
 
 	if (unlikely(f2fs_cp_error(sbi))) {
 		f2fs_submit_merged_bio(sbi, DATA, WRITE);
···
 	int tag;
 
 	pagevec_init(&pvec, 0);
+
+	if (get_dirty_pages(mapping->host) <=
+				SM_I(F2FS_M_SB(mapping))->min_hot_blocks)
+		set_inode_flag(mapping->host, FI_HOT_DATA);
+	else
+		clear_inode_flag(mapping->host, FI_HOT_DATA);
 
 	if (wbc->range_cyclic) {
 		writeback_index = mapping->writeback_index; /* prev offset */
···
 				last_idx = page->index;
 			}
 
-			if (--wbc->nr_to_write <= 0 &&
-			    wbc->sync_mode == WB_SYNC_NONE) {
+			/* give a priority to WB_SYNC threads */
+			if ((atomic_read(&F2FS_M_SB(mapping)->wb_sync_req) ||
+					--wbc->nr_to_write <= 0) &&
+					wbc->sync_mode == WB_SYNC_NONE) {
 				done = 1;
 				break;
 			}
···
 
 	trace_f2fs_writepages(mapping->host, wbc, DATA);
 
+	/* to avoid spliting IOs due to mixed WB_SYNC_ALL and WB_SYNC_NONE */
+	if (wbc->sync_mode == WB_SYNC_ALL)
+		atomic_inc(&sbi->wb_sync_req);
+	else if (atomic_read(&sbi->wb_sync_req))
+		goto skip_write;
+
 	blk_start_plug(&plug);
 	ret = f2fs_write_cache_pages(mapping, wbc);
 	blk_finish_plug(&plug);
+
+	if (wbc->sync_mode == WB_SYNC_ALL)
+		atomic_dec(&sbi->wb_sync_req);
 	/*
 	 * if some pages were truncated, we cannot guarantee its mapping->host
 	 * to detect pending bios.
···
 
 	if (f2fs_has_inline_data(inode) ||
 			(pos & PAGE_MASK) >= i_size_read(inode)) {
-		f2fs_lock_op(sbi);
+		__do_map_lock(sbi, F2FS_GET_BLOCK_PRE_AIO, true);
 		locked = true;
 	}
 restart:
···
 			err = get_dnode_of_data(&dn, index, LOOKUP_NODE);
 			if (err || dn.data_blkaddr == NULL_ADDR) {
 				f2fs_put_dnode(&dn);
-				f2fs_lock_op(sbi);
+				__do_map_lock(sbi, F2FS_GET_BLOCK_PRE_AIO,
+								true);
 				locked = true;
 				goto restart;
 			}
···
 	f2fs_put_dnode(&dn);
 unlock_out:
 	if (locked)
-		f2fs_unlock_op(sbi);
+		__do_map_lock(sbi, F2FS_GET_BLOCK_PRE_AIO, false);
 	return err;
 }
 
···
 
 	/* This is atomic written page, keep Private */
 	if (IS_ATOMIC_WRITTEN_PAGE(page))
-		return;
+		return drop_inmem_page(inode, page);
 
 	set_page_private(page, 0);
 	ClearPagePrivate(page);

fs/f2fs/debug.c

···
 	si->ndirty_all = sbi->ndirty_inode[DIRTY_META];
 	si->inmem_pages = get_pages(sbi, F2FS_INMEM_PAGES);
 	si->aw_cnt = atomic_read(&sbi->aw_cnt);
+	si->vw_cnt = atomic_read(&sbi->vw_cnt);
 	si->max_aw_cnt = atomic_read(&sbi->max_aw_cnt);
+	si->max_vw_cnt = atomic_read(&sbi->max_vw_cnt);
 	si->nr_wb_cp_data = get_pages(sbi, F2FS_WB_CP_DATA);
 	si->nr_wb_data = get_pages(sbi, F2FS_WB_DATA);
-	if (SM_I(sbi) && SM_I(sbi)->fcc_info)
-		si->nr_flush =
-			atomic_read(&SM_I(sbi)->fcc_info->submit_flush);
-	if (SM_I(sbi) && SM_I(sbi)->dcc_info)
-		si->nr_discard =
-			atomic_read(&SM_I(sbi)->dcc_info->submit_discard);
+	if (SM_I(sbi) && SM_I(sbi)->fcc_info) {
+		si->nr_flushed =
+			atomic_read(&SM_I(sbi)->fcc_info->issued_flush);
+		si->nr_flushing =
+			atomic_read(&SM_I(sbi)->fcc_info->issing_flush);
+	}
+	if (SM_I(sbi) && SM_I(sbi)->dcc_info) {
+		si->nr_discarded =
+			atomic_read(&SM_I(sbi)->dcc_info->issued_discard);
+		si->nr_discarding =
+			atomic_read(&SM_I(sbi)->dcc_info->issing_discard);
+		si->nr_discard_cmd =
+			atomic_read(&SM_I(sbi)->dcc_info->discard_cmd_cnt);
+		si->undiscard_blks = SM_I(sbi)->dcc_info->undiscard_blks;
+	}
 	si->total_count = (int)sbi->user_block_count / sbi->blocks_per_seg;
 	si->rsvd_segs = reserved_segments(sbi);
 	si->overp_segs = overprovision_segments(sbi);
···
 	si->sits = MAIN_SEGS(sbi);
 	si->dirty_sits = SIT_I(sbi)->dirty_sentries;
 	si->free_nids = NM_I(sbi)->nid_cnt[FREE_NID_LIST];
+	si->avail_nids = NM_I(sbi)->available_nids;
 	si->alloc_nids = NM_I(sbi)->nid_cnt[ALLOC_NID_LIST];
 	si->bg_gc = sbi->bg_gc;
 	si->util_free = (int)(free_user_blocks(sbi) >> sbi->log_blocks_per_seg)
···
 	for (i = CURSEG_HOT_DATA; i <= CURSEG_COLD_NODE; i++) {
 		struct curseg_info *curseg = CURSEG_I(sbi, i);
 		si->curseg[i] = curseg->segno;
-		si->cursec[i] = curseg->segno / sbi->segs_per_sec;
-		si->curzone[i] = si->cursec[i] / sbi->secs_per_zone;
+		si->cursec[i] = GET_SEC_FROM_SEG(sbi, curseg->segno);
+		si->curzone[i] = GET_ZONE_FROM_SEC(sbi, si->cursec[i]);
 	}
 
 	for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
···
 
 	bimodal = 0;
 	total_vblocks = 0;
-	blks_per_sec = sbi->segs_per_sec * sbi->blocks_per_seg;
+	blks_per_sec = BLKS_PER_SEC(sbi);
 	hblks_per_sec = blks_per_sec / 2;
 	for (segno = 0; segno < MAIN_SEGS(sbi); segno += sbi->segs_per_sec) {
-		vblocks = get_valid_blocks(sbi, segno, sbi->segs_per_sec);
+		vblocks = get_valid_blocks(sbi, segno, true);
 		dist = abs(vblocks - hblks_per_sec);
 		bimodal += dist * dist;
 
···
 	if (si->base_mem)
 		goto get_cache;
 
-	si->base_mem = sizeof(struct f2fs_sb_info) + sbi->sb->s_blocksize;
+	/* build stat */
+	si->base_mem = sizeof(struct f2fs_stat_info);
+
+	/* build superblock */
+	si->base_mem += sizeof(struct f2fs_sb_info) + sbi->sb->s_blocksize;
 	si->base_mem += 2 * sizeof(struct f2fs_inode_info);
 	si->base_mem += sizeof(*sbi->ckpt);
 	si->base_mem += sizeof(struct percpu_counter) * NR_COUNT_TYPE;
···
 	/* build merge flush thread */
 	if (SM_I(sbi)->fcc_info)
 		si->cache_mem += sizeof(struct flush_cmd_control);
-	if (SM_I(sbi)->dcc_info)
+	if (SM_I(sbi)->dcc_info) {
 		si->cache_mem += sizeof(struct discard_cmd_control);
+		si->cache_mem += sizeof(struct discard_cmd) *
+			atomic_read(&SM_I(sbi)->dcc_info->discard_cmd_cnt);
+	}
 
 	/* free nids */
 	si->cache_mem += (NM_I(sbi)->nid_cnt[FREE_NID_LIST] +
···
 		seq_printf(s, "  - Inner Struct Count: tree: %d(%d), node: %d\n",
 				si->ext_tree, si->zombie_tree, si->ext_node);
 		seq_puts(s, "\nBalancing F2FS Async:\n");
-		seq_printf(s, "  - IO (CP: %4d, Data: %4d, Flush: %4d, Discard: %4d)\n",
+		seq_printf(s, "  - IO (CP: %4d, Data: %4d, Flush: (%4d %4d), "
+			"Discard: (%4d %4d)) cmd: %4d undiscard:%4u\n",
 			   si->nr_wb_cp_data, si->nr_wb_data,
-			   si->nr_flush, si->nr_discard);
-		seq_printf(s, "  - inmem: %4d, atomic IO: %4d (Max. %4d)\n",
-			   si->inmem_pages, si->aw_cnt, si->max_aw_cnt);
+			   si->nr_flushing, si->nr_flushed,
+			   si->nr_discarding, si->nr_discarded,
+			   si->nr_discard_cmd, si->undiscard_blks);
+		seq_printf(s, "  - inmem: %4d, atomic IO: %4d (Max. %4d), "
+			"volatile IO: %4d (Max. %4d)\n",
+			   si->inmem_pages, si->aw_cnt, si->max_aw_cnt,
+			   si->vw_cnt, si->max_vw_cnt);
 		seq_printf(s, "  - nodes: %4d in %4d\n",
 			   si->ndirty_node, si->node_pages);
 		seq_printf(s, "  - dents: %4d in dirs:%4d (%4d)\n",
···
 			   si->ndirty_imeta);
 		seq_printf(s, "  - NATs: %9d/%9d\n  - SITs: %9d/%9d\n",
 			   si->dirty_nats, si->nats, si->dirty_sits, si->sits);
-		seq_printf(s, "  - free_nids: %9d, alloc_nids: %9d\n",
-			   si->free_nids, si->alloc_nids);
+		seq_printf(s, "  - free_nids: %9d/%9d\n  - alloc_nids: %9d\n",
+			   si->free_nids, si->avail_nids, si->alloc_nids);
 		seq_puts(s, "\nDistribution of User Blocks:");
 		seq_puts(s, " [ valid | invalid | free ]\n");
 		seq_puts(s, "  [");
···
 	atomic_set(&sbi->inplace_count, 0);
 
 	atomic_set(&sbi->aw_cnt, 0);
+	atomic_set(&sbi->vw_cnt, 0);
 	atomic_set(&sbi->max_aw_cnt, 0);
+	atomic_set(&sbi->max_vw_cnt, 0);
 
 	mutex_lock(&f2fs_stat_mutex);
 	list_add_tail(&si->stat_list, &f2fs_stat_list);

fs/f2fs/dir.c

···
 
 	dentry_blk = (struct f2fs_dentry_block *)kmap(dentry_page);
 
-	make_dentry_ptr(NULL, &d, (void *)dentry_blk, 1);
+	make_dentry_ptr_block(NULL, &d, dentry_blk);
 	de = find_target_dentry(fname, namehash, max_slots, &d);
 	if (de)
 		*res_page = dentry_page;
···
 		f2fs_put_page(dentry_page, 0);
 	}
 
-	/* This is to increase the speed of f2fs_create */
-	if (!de && room) {
-		F2FS_I(dir)->task = current;
-		if (F2FS_I(dir)->chash != namehash) {
-			F2FS_I(dir)->chash = namehash;
-			F2FS_I(dir)->clevel = level;
-		}
+	if (!de && room && F2FS_I(dir)->chash != namehash) {
+		F2FS_I(dir)->chash = namehash;
+		F2FS_I(dir)->clevel = level;
 	}
 
 	return de;
···
 			break;
 	}
 out:
+	/* This is to increase the speed of f2fs_create */
+	if (!de)
+		F2FS_I(dir)->task = current;
 	return de;
 }
 
···
 	set_page_dirty(ipage);
 }
 
-int update_dent_inode(struct inode *inode, struct inode *to,
-					const struct qstr *name)
-{
-	struct page *page;
-
-	if (file_enc_name(to))
-		return 0;
-
-	page = get_node_page(F2FS_I_SB(inode), inode->i_ino);
-	if (IS_ERR(page))
-		return PTR_ERR(page);
-
-	init_dent_inode(name, page);
-	f2fs_put_page(page, 1);
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
 void do_make_empty_dir(struct inode *inode, struct inode *parent,
 					struct f2fs_dentry_ptr *d)
 {
···
 
 	dentry_blk = kmap_atomic(dentry_page);
 
-	make_dentry_ptr(NULL, &d, (void *)dentry_blk, 1);
+	make_dentry_ptr_block(NULL, &d, dentry_blk);
 	do_make_empty_dir(inode, parent, &d);
 
 	kunmap_atomic(dentry_blk);
···
 		set_cold_node(inode, page);
 	}
 
-	if (new_name)
+	if (new_name) {
 		init_dent_inode(new_name, page);
+		if (f2fs_encrypted_inode(dir))
+			file_set_enc_name(inode);
+	}
 
 	/*
 	 * This file should be checkpointed during fsync.
···
 			err = PTR_ERR(page);
 			goto fail;
 		}
-		if (f2fs_encrypted_inode(dir))
-			file_set_enc_name(inode);
 	}
 
-	make_dentry_ptr(NULL, &d, (void *)dentry_blk, 1);
+	make_dentry_ptr_block(NULL, &d, dentry_blk);
 	f2fs_update_dentry(ino, mode, &d, new_name, dentry_hash, bit_pos);
 
 	set_page_dirty(dentry_page);
···
 
 		dentry_blk = kmap(dentry_page);
 
-		make_dentry_ptr(inode, &d, (void *)dentry_blk, 1);
+		make_dentry_ptr_block(inode, &d, dentry_blk);
 
 		err = f2fs_fill_dentries(ctx, &d,
 				n * NR_DENTRY_IN_BLOCK, &fstr);

fs/f2fs/extent_cache.c

···
 #include "node.h"
 #include <trace/events/f2fs.h>
 
+static struct rb_entry *__lookup_rb_tree_fast(struct rb_entry *cached_re,
+							unsigned int ofs)
+{
+	if (cached_re) {
+		if (cached_re->ofs <= ofs &&
+				cached_re->ofs + cached_re->len > ofs) {
+			return cached_re;
+		}
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static struct rb_entry *__lookup_rb_tree_slow(struct rb_root *root,
+							unsigned int ofs)
+{
+	struct rb_node *node = root->rb_node;
+	struct rb_entry *re;
+
+	while (node) {
+		re = rb_entry(node, struct rb_entry, rb_node);
+
+		if (ofs < re->ofs)
+			node = node->rb_left;
+		else if (ofs >= re->ofs + re->len)
+			node = node->rb_right;
+		else
+			return re;
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+struct rb_entry *__lookup_rb_tree(struct rb_root *root,
+				struct rb_entry *cached_re, unsigned int ofs)
+{
+	struct rb_entry *re;
+
+	re = __lookup_rb_tree_fast(cached_re, ofs);
+	if (!re)
+		return __lookup_rb_tree_slow(root, ofs);
+
+	return re;
+}
+
+struct rb_node **__lookup_rb_tree_for_insert(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi,
+				struct rb_root *root, struct rb_node **parent,
+				unsigned int ofs)
+{
+	struct rb_node **p = &root->rb_node;
+	struct rb_entry *re;
+
+	while (*p) {
+		*parent = *p;
+		re = rb_entry(*parent, struct rb_entry, rb_node);
+
+		if (ofs < re->ofs)
+			p = &(*p)->rb_left;
+		else if (ofs >= re->ofs + re->len)
+			p = &(*p)->rb_right;
+		else
+			f2fs_bug_on(sbi, 1);
+	}
+
+	return p;
+}
+
+/*
+ * lookup rb entry in position of @ofs in rb-tree,
+ * if hit, return the entry, otherwise, return NULL
+ * @prev_ex: extent before ofs
+ * @next_ex: extent after ofs
+ * @insert_p: insert point for new extent at ofs
+ * in order to simpfy the insertion after.
+ * tree must stay unchanged between lookup and insertion.
+ */
+struct rb_entry *__lookup_rb_tree_ret(struct rb_root *root,
+				struct rb_entry *cached_re,
+				unsigned int ofs,
+				struct rb_entry **prev_entry,
+				struct rb_entry **next_entry,
+				struct rb_node ***insert_p,
+				struct rb_node **insert_parent,
+				bool force)
+{
+	struct rb_node **pnode = &root->rb_node;
+	struct rb_node *parent = NULL, *tmp_node;
+	struct rb_entry *re = cached_re;
+
+	*insert_p = NULL;
+	*insert_parent = NULL;
+	*prev_entry = NULL;
+	*next_entry = NULL;
+
+	if (RB_EMPTY_ROOT(root))
+		return NULL;
+
+	if (re) {
+		if (re->ofs <= ofs && re->ofs + re->len > ofs)
+			goto lookup_neighbors;
+	}
+
+	while (*pnode) {
+		parent = *pnode;
+		re = rb_entry(*pnode, struct rb_entry, rb_node);
+
+		if (ofs < re->ofs)
+			pnode = &(*pnode)->rb_left;
+		else if (ofs >= re->ofs + re->len)
+			pnode = &(*pnode)->rb_right;
+		else
+			goto lookup_neighbors;
+	}
+
+	*insert_p = pnode;
+	*insert_parent = parent;
+
+	re = rb_entry(parent, struct rb_entry, rb_node);
+	tmp_node = parent;
+	if (parent && ofs > re->ofs)
+		tmp_node = rb_next(parent);
+	*next_entry = rb_entry_safe(tmp_node, struct rb_entry, rb_node);
+
+	tmp_node = parent;
+	if (parent && ofs < re->ofs)
+		tmp_node = rb_prev(parent);
+	*prev_entry = rb_entry_safe(tmp_node, struct rb_entry, rb_node);
+	return NULL;
+
+lookup_neighbors:
+	if (ofs == re->ofs || force) {
+		/* lookup prev node for merging backward later */
+		tmp_node = rb_prev(&re->rb_node);
+		*prev_entry = rb_entry_safe(tmp_node, struct rb_entry, rb_node);
+	}
+	if (ofs == re->ofs + re->len - 1 || force) {
+		/* lookup next node for merging frontward later */
+		tmp_node = rb_next(&re->rb_node);
+		*next_entry = rb_entry_safe(tmp_node, struct rb_entry, rb_node);
+	}
+	return re;
+}
+
+bool __check_rb_tree_consistence(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi,
+						struct rb_root *root)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_F2FS_CHECK_FS
+	struct rb_node *cur = rb_first(root), *next;
+	struct rb_entry *cur_re, *next_re;
+
+	if (!cur)
+		return true;
+
+	while (cur) {
+		next = rb_next(cur);
+		if (!next)
+			return true;
+
+		cur_re = rb_entry(cur, struct rb_entry, rb_node);
+		next_re = rb_entry(next, struct rb_entry, rb_node);
+
+		if (cur_re->ofs + cur_re->len > next_re->ofs) {
+			f2fs_msg(sbi->sb, KERN_INFO, "inconsistent rbtree, "
+				"cur(%u, %u) next(%u, %u)",
+				cur_re->ofs, cur_re->len,
+				next_re->ofs, next_re->len);
+			return false;
+		}
+
+		cur = next;
+	}
+#endif
+	return true;
+}
+
 static struct kmem_cache *extent_tree_slab;
 static struct kmem_cache *extent_node_slab;
 
···
 	F2FS_I(inode)->extent_tree = et;
 
 	return et;
-}
-
-static struct extent_node *__lookup_extent_tree(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi,
-				struct extent_tree *et, unsigned int fofs)
-{
-	struct rb_node *node = et->root.rb_node;
-	struct extent_node *en = et->cached_en;
-
-	if (en) {
-		struct extent_info *cei = &en->ei;
-
-		if (cei->fofs <= fofs && cei->fofs + cei->len > fofs) {
-			stat_inc_cached_node_hit(sbi);
-			return en;
-		}
-	}
-
-	while (node) {
-		en = rb_entry(node, struct extent_node, rb_node);
-
-		if (fofs < en->ei.fofs) {
-			node = node->rb_left;
-		} else if (fofs >= en->ei.fofs + en->ei.len) {
-			node = node->rb_right;
-		} else {
-			stat_inc_rbtree_node_hit(sbi);
-			return en;
-		}
-	}
-	return NULL;
 }
 
 static struct extent_node *__init_extent_tree(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi,
···
 		goto out;
 	}
 
-	en = __lookup_extent_tree(sbi, et, pgofs);
-	if (en) {
-		*ei = en->ei;
-		spin_lock(&sbi->extent_lock);
-		if (!list_empty(&en->list)) {
-			list_move_tail(&en->list, &sbi->extent_list);
-			et->cached_en = en;
-		}
-		spin_unlock(&sbi->extent_lock);
-		ret = true;
+	en = (struct extent_node *)__lookup_rb_tree(&et->root,
+				(struct rb_entry *)et->cached_en, pgofs);
+	if (!en)
+		goto out;
+
+	if (en == et->cached_en)
+		stat_inc_cached_node_hit(sbi);
+	else
+		stat_inc_rbtree_node_hit(sbi);
+
+	*ei = en->ei;
+	spin_lock(&sbi->extent_lock);
+	if (!list_empty(&en->list)) {
+		list_move_tail(&en->list, &sbi->extent_list);
+		et->cached_en = en;
 	}
+	spin_unlock(&sbi->extent_lock);
+	ret = true;
 out:
 	stat_inc_total_hit(sbi);
 	read_unlock(&et->lock);
 
 	trace_f2fs_lookup_extent_tree_end(inode, pgofs, ei);
 	return ret;
-}
-
-
-/*
- * lookup extent at @fofs, if hit, return the extent
- * if not, return NULL and
- * @prev_ex: extent before fofs
- * @next_ex: extent after fofs
- * @insert_p: insert point for new extent at fofs
- * in order to simpfy the insertion after.
- * tree must stay unchanged between lookup and insertion.
- */
-static struct extent_node *__lookup_extent_tree_ret(struct extent_tree *et,
-				unsigned int fofs,
-				struct extent_node **prev_ex,
-				struct extent_node **next_ex,
-				struct rb_node ***insert_p,
-				struct rb_node **insert_parent)
-{
-	struct rb_node **pnode = &et->root.rb_node;
-	struct rb_node *parent = NULL, *tmp_node;
-	struct extent_node *en = et->cached_en;
-
-	*insert_p = NULL;
-	*insert_parent = NULL;
-	*prev_ex = NULL;
-	*next_ex = NULL;
-
-	if (RB_EMPTY_ROOT(&et->root))
-		return NULL;
-
-	if (en) {
-		struct extent_info *cei = &en->ei;
-
-		if (cei->fofs <= fofs && cei->fofs + cei->len > fofs)
-			goto lookup_neighbors;
-	}
-
-	while (*pnode) {
-		parent = *pnode;
-		en = rb_entry(*pnode, struct extent_node, rb_node);
-
-		if (fofs < en->ei.fofs)
-			pnode = &(*pnode)->rb_left;
-		else if (fofs >= en->ei.fofs + en->ei.len)
-			pnode = &(*pnode)->rb_right;
-		else
-			goto lookup_neighbors;
-	}
-
-	*insert_p = pnode;
-	*insert_parent = parent;
-
-	en = rb_entry(parent, struct extent_node, rb_node);
-	tmp_node = parent;
-	if (parent && fofs > en->ei.fofs)
-		tmp_node = rb_next(parent);
-	*next_ex = rb_entry_safe(tmp_node, struct extent_node, rb_node);
-
-	tmp_node = parent;
-	if (parent && fofs < en->ei.fofs)
-		tmp_node = rb_prev(parent);
-	*prev_ex = rb_entry_safe(tmp_node, struct extent_node, rb_node);
-	return NULL;
-
-lookup_neighbors:
-	if (fofs == en->ei.fofs) {
-		/* lookup prev node for merging backward later */
-		tmp_node = rb_prev(&en->rb_node);
-		*prev_ex = rb_entry_safe(tmp_node, struct extent_node, rb_node);
-	}
-	if (fofs == en->ei.fofs + en->ei.len - 1) {
-		/* lookup next node for merging frontward later */
-		tmp_node = rb_next(&en->rb_node);
-		*next_ex = rb_entry_safe(tmp_node, struct extent_node, rb_node);
-	}
-	return en;
 }
 
 static struct extent_node *__try_merge_extent_node(struct inode *inode,
···
 		goto do_insert;
 	}
 
-	while (*p) {
-		parent = *p;
-		en = rb_entry(parent, struct extent_node, rb_node);
-
-		if (ei->fofs < en->ei.fofs)
-			p = &(*p)->rb_left;
-		else if (ei->fofs >= en->ei.fofs + en->ei.len)
-			p = &(*p)->rb_right;
-		else
-			f2fs_bug_on(sbi, 1);
-	}
+	p = __lookup_rb_tree_for_insert(sbi, &et->root, &parent, ei->fofs);
 do_insert:
 	en = __attach_extent_node(sbi, et, ei, parent, p);
 	if (!en)
···
 	__drop_largest_extent(inode, fofs, len);
 
 	/* 1. lookup first extent node in range [fofs, fofs + len - 1] */
-	en = __lookup_extent_tree_ret(et, fofs, &prev_en, &next_en,
-					&insert_p, &insert_parent);
+	en = (struct extent_node *)__lookup_rb_tree_ret(&et->root,
+					(struct rb_entry *)et->cached_en, fofs,
+					(struct rb_entry **)&prev_en,
+					(struct rb_entry **)&next_en,
+					&insert_p, &insert_parent, false);
 	if (!en)
 		en = next_en;
 

fs/f2fs/f2fs.h

···
 	FAULT_BLOCK,
 	FAULT_DIR_DEPTH,
 	FAULT_EVICT_INODE,
+	FAULT_TRUNCATE,
 	FAULT_IO,
 	FAULT_CHECKPOINT,
 	FAULT_MAX,
···
 };
 
 extern char *fault_name[FAULT_MAX];
-#define IS_FAULT_SET(fi, type) (fi->inject_type & (1 << (type)))
+#define IS_FAULT_SET(fi, type) ((fi)->inject_type & (1 << (type)))
 #endif
 
 /*
···
 #define F2FS_MOUNT_ADAPTIVE		0x00020000
 #define F2FS_MOUNT_LFS			0x00040000
 
-#define clear_opt(sbi, option)	(sbi->mount_opt.opt &= ~F2FS_MOUNT_##option)
-#define set_opt(sbi, option)	(sbi->mount_opt.opt |= F2FS_MOUNT_##option)
-#define test_opt(sbi, option)	(sbi->mount_opt.opt & F2FS_MOUNT_##option)
+#define clear_opt(sbi, option)	((sbi)->mount_opt.opt &= ~F2FS_MOUNT_##option)
+#define set_opt(sbi, option)	((sbi)->mount_opt.opt |= F2FS_MOUNT_##option)
+#define test_opt(sbi, option)	((sbi)->mount_opt.opt & F2FS_MOUNT_##option)
 
 #define ver_after(a, b)	(typecheck(unsigned long long, a) &&		\
 		typecheck(unsigned long long, b) &&			\
···
 	SIT_BITMAP
 };
 
-enum {
-	CP_UMOUNT,
-	CP_FASTBOOT,
-	CP_SYNC,
-	CP_RECOVERY,
-	CP_DISCARD,
-};
+#define	CP_UMOUNT	0x00000001
+#define	CP_FASTBOOT	0x00000002
+#define	CP_SYNC		0x00000004
+#define	CP_RECOVERY	0x00000008
+#define	CP_DISCARD	0x00000010
+#define CP_TRIMMED	0x00000020
 
 #define DEF_BATCHED_TRIM_SECTIONS	2048
 #define BATCHED_TRIM_SEGMENTS(sbi)	\
-		(SM_I(sbi)->trim_sections * (sbi)->segs_per_sec)
+		(GET_SEG_FROM_SEC(sbi, SM_I(sbi)->trim_sections))
 #define BATCHED_TRIM_BLOCKS(sbi)	\
 		(BATCHED_TRIM_SEGMENTS(sbi) << (sbi)->log_blocks_per_seg)
-#define MAX_DISCARD_BLOCKS(sbi)						\
-		((1 << (sbi)->log_blocks_per_seg) * (sbi)->segs_per_sec)
-#define DISCARD_ISSUE_RATE	8
+#define MAX_DISCARD_BLOCKS(sbi)		BLKS_PER_SEC(sbi)
+#define DISCARD_ISSUE_RATE		8
 #define DEF_CP_INTERVAL			60	/* 60 secs */
 #define DEF_IDLE_INTERVAL		5	/* 5 secs */
 
···
 	struct inode *inode;	/* vfs inode pointer */
 };
 
-/* for the list of blockaddresses to be discarded */
+/* for the bitmap indicate blocks to be discarded */
 struct discard_entry {
 	struct list_head list;	/* list head */
-	block_t blkaddr;	/* block address to be discarded */
-	int len;		/* # of consecutive blocks of the discard */
+	block_t start_blkaddr;	/* start blockaddr of current segment */
+	unsigned char discard_map[SIT_VBLOCK_MAP_SIZE];	/* segment discard bitmap */
 };
+
+/* max discard pend list number */
+#define MAX_PLIST_NUM		512
+#define plist_idx(blk_num)	((blk_num) >= MAX_PLIST_NUM ?		\
+					(MAX_PLIST_NUM - 1) : (blk_num - 1))
 
 enum {
 	D_PREP,
···
 	D_DONE,
 };
 
-struct discard_cmd {
-	struct list_head list;		/* command list */
-	struct completion wait;		/* compleation */
+struct discard_info {
 	block_t lstart;			/* logical start address */
 	block_t len;			/* length */
-	struct bio *bio;		/* bio */
-	int state;			/* state */
+	block_t start;			/* actual start address in dev */
+};
+
+struct discard_cmd {
+	struct rb_node rb_node;		/* rb node located in rb-tree */
+	union {
+		struct {
+			block_t lstart;	/* logical start address */
+			block_t len;	/* length */
+			block_t start;	/* actual start address in dev */
+		};
+		struct discard_info di;	/* discard info */
+
+	};
+	struct list_head list;		/* command list */
+	struct completion wait;		/* compleation */
+	struct block_device *bdev;	/* bdev */
+	unsigned short ref;		/* reference count */
+	unsigned char state;		/* state */
+	int error;			/* bio error */
 };
 
 struct discard_cmd_control {
 	struct task_struct *f2fs_issue_discard;	/* discard thread */
-	struct list_head discard_entry_list;	/* 4KB discard entry list */
-	int nr_discards;			/* # of discards in the list */
-	struct list_head discard_cmd_list;	/* discard cmd list */
+	struct list_head entry_list;		/* 4KB discard entry list */
+	struct list_head pend_list[MAX_PLIST_NUM];/* store pending entries */
+	struct list_head wait_list;		/* store on-flushing entries */
 	wait_queue_head_t discard_wait_queue;	/* waiting queue for wake-up */
 	struct mutex cmd_lock;
-	int max_discards;			/* max. discards to be issued */
-	atomic_t submit_discard;		/* # of issued discard */
+	unsigned int nr_discards;		/* # of discards in the list */
+	unsigned int max_discards;		/* max. discards to be issued */
+	unsigned int undiscard_blks;		/* # of undiscard blocks */
+	atomic_t issued_discard;		/* # of issued discard */
+	atomic_t issing_discard;		/* # of issing discard */
+	atomic_t discard_cmd_cnt;		/* # of cached cmd count */
+	struct rb_root root;			/* root of discard rb-tree */
 };
 
 /* for the list of fsync inodes, used only during recovery */
···
 	block_t last_dentry;	/* block address locating the last dentry */
 };
 
-#define nats_in_cursum(jnl)		(le16_to_cpu(jnl->n_nats))
-#define sits_in_cursum(jnl)		(le16_to_cpu(jnl->n_sits))
+#define nats_in_cursum(jnl)		(le16_to_cpu((jnl)->n_nats))
+#define sits_in_cursum(jnl)		(le16_to_cpu((jnl)->n_sits))
 
-#define nat_in_journal(jnl, i)		(jnl->nat_j.entries[i].ne)
-#define nid_in_journal(jnl, i)		(jnl->nat_j.entries[i].nid)
-#define sit_in_journal(jnl, i)		(jnl->sit_j.entries[i].se)
-#define segno_in_journal(jnl, i)	(jnl->sit_j.entries[i].segno)
+#define nat_in_journal(jnl, i)		((jnl)->nat_j.entries[i].ne)
+#define nid_in_journal(jnl, i)		((jnl)->nat_j.entries[i].nid)
+#define sit_in_journal(jnl, i)		((jnl)->sit_j.entries[i].se)
+#define segno_in_journal(jnl, i)	((jnl)->sit_j.entries[i].segno)
 
 #define MAX_NAT_JENTRIES(jnl)	(NAT_JOURNAL_ENTRIES - nats_in_cursum(jnl))
 #define MAX_SIT_JENTRIES(jnl)	(SIT_JOURNAL_ENTRIES - sits_in_cursum(jnl))
···
 #define F2FS_IOC_START_VOLATILE_WRITE	_IO(F2FS_IOCTL_MAGIC, 3)
 #define F2FS_IOC_RELEASE_VOLATILE_WRITE	_IO(F2FS_IOCTL_MAGIC, 4)
 #define F2FS_IOC_ABORT_VOLATILE_WRITE	_IO(F2FS_IOCTL_MAGIC, 5)
-#define F2FS_IOC_GARBAGE_COLLECT	_IO(F2FS_IOCTL_MAGIC, 6)
+#define F2FS_IOC_GARBAGE_COLLECT	_IOW(F2FS_IOCTL_MAGIC, 6, __u32)
 #define F2FS_IOC_WRITE_CHECKPOINT	_IO(F2FS_IOCTL_MAGIC, 7)
-#define F2FS_IOC_DEFRAGMENT		_IO(F2FS_IOCTL_MAGIC, 8)
+#define F2FS_IOC_DEFRAGMENT		_IOWR(F2FS_IOCTL_MAGIC, 8,	\
+						struct f2fs_defragment)
 #define F2FS_IOC_MOVE_RANGE		_IOWR(F2FS_IOCTL_MAGIC, 9,	\
 						struct f2fs_move_range)
+#define F2FS_IOC_FLUSH_DEVICE		_IOW(F2FS_IOCTL_MAGIC, 10,	\
+						struct f2fs_flush_device)
 
 #define F2FS_IOC_SET_ENCRYPTION_POLICY	FS_IOC_SET_ENCRYPTION_POLICY
 #define F2FS_IOC_GET_ENCRYPTION_POLICY	FS_IOC_GET_ENCRYPTION_POLICY
···
 	u64 len;		/* size to move */
 };
 
+struct f2fs_flush_device {
+	u32 dev_num;		/* device number to flush */
+	u32 segments;		/* # of segments to flush */
+};
+
 /*
  * For INODE and NODE manager
  */
···
 	int max;
 };
 
-static inline void make_dentry_ptr(struct inode *inode,
-		struct f2fs_dentry_ptr *d, void *src, int type)
+static inline void make_dentry_ptr_block(struct inode *inode,
+		struct f2fs_dentry_ptr *d, struct f2fs_dentry_block *t)
 {
 	d->inode = inode;
+	d->max = NR_DENTRY_IN_BLOCK;
+	d->bitmap = &t->dentry_bitmap;
+	d->dentry = t->dentry;
+	d->filename = t->filename;
+}
 
-	if (type == 1) {
-		struct f2fs_dentry_block *t = (struct f2fs_dentry_block *)src;
-
-		d->max = NR_DENTRY_IN_BLOCK;
-		d->bitmap = &t->dentry_bitmap;
-		d->dentry = t->dentry;
-		d->filename = t->filename;
-	} else {
-		struct f2fs_inline_dentry *t = (struct f2fs_inline_dentry *)src;
-
-		d->max = NR_INLINE_DENTRY;
-		d->bitmap = &t->dentry_bitmap;
-		d->dentry = t->dentry;
-		d->filename = t->filename;
-	}
+static inline void make_dentry_ptr_inline(struct inode *inode,
+		struct f2fs_dentry_ptr *d, struct f2fs_inline_dentry *t)
+{
+	d->inode = inode;
+	d->max = NR_INLINE_DENTRY;
+	d->bitmap = &t->dentry_bitmap;
+	d->dentry = t->dentry;
+	d->filename = t->filename;
 }
 
 /*
···
 /* number of extent info in extent cache we try to shrink */
 #define EXTENT_CACHE_SHRINK_NUMBER	128
 
+struct rb_entry {
+	struct rb_node rb_node;		/* rb node located in rb-tree */
+	unsigned int ofs;		/* start offset of the entry */
+	unsigned int len;		/* length of the entry */
+};
+
 struct extent_info {
 	unsigned int fofs;		/* start offset in a file */
-	u32 blk;			/* start block address of the extent */
 	unsigned int len;		/* length of the extent */
+	u32 blk;			/* start block address of the extent */
 };
 
 struct extent_node {
-	struct rb_node rb_node;		/* rb node located in rb-tree */
+	struct rb_node rb_node;
+	union {
+		struct {
+			unsigned int fofs;
+			unsigned int len;
+			u32 blk;
+		};
+		struct extent_info ei;	/* extent info */
+
+	};
 	struct list_head list;		/* node in global extent list of sbi */
-	struct extent_info ei;		/* extent info */
 	struct extent_tree *et;		/* extent tree pointer */
 };
 
···
 	ei->len = len;
 }
 
+static inline bool __is_discard_mergeable(struct discard_info *back,
+						struct discard_info *front)
+{
+	return back->lstart + back->len == front->lstart;
+}
+
+static inline bool __is_discard_back_mergeable(struct discard_info *cur,
+						struct discard_info *back)
+{
+	return __is_discard_mergeable(back, cur);
+}
+
+static inline bool __is_discard_front_mergeable(struct discard_info *cur,
+						struct discard_info *front)
+{
+	return __is_discard_mergeable(cur, front);
+}
+
 static inline bool __is_extent_mergeable(struct extent_info *back,
 						struct extent_info *front)
 {
···
 	unsigned char (*free_nid_bitmap)[NAT_ENTRY_BITMAP_SIZE];
 	unsigned char *nat_block_bitmap;
 	unsigned short *free_nid_count;	/* free nid count of NAT block */
-	spinlock_t free_nid_lock;	/* protect updating of nid count */
 
 	/* for checkpoint */
 	char *nat_bitmap;		/* NAT bitmap pointer */
···
 struct flush_cmd_control {
 	struct task_struct *f2fs_issue_flush;	/* flush thread */
 	wait_queue_head_t flush_wait_queue;	/* waiting queue for wake-up */
-	atomic_t submit_flush;			/* # of issued flushes */
+	atomic_t issued_flush;			/* # of issued flushes */
+	atomic_t issing_flush;			/* # of issing flushes */
 	struct llist_head issue_list;		/* list for command issue */
 	struct llist_node *dispatch_list;	/* list for command dispatch */
 };
···
 	unsigned int ipu_policy;	/* in-place-update policy */
 	unsigned int min_ipu_util;	/* in-place-update threshold */
 	unsigned int min_fsync_blocks;	/* threshold for fsync */
+	unsigned int min_hot_blocks;	/* threshold for hot block allocation */
 
 	/* for flush command control */
 	struct flush_cmd_control *fcc_info;
···
 	META_FLUSH,
 	INMEM,		/* the below types are used by tracepoints only. */
 	INMEM_DROP,
+	INMEM_INVALIDATE,
 	INMEM_REVOKE,
 	IPU,
 	OPU,
···
 	struct page *page;	/* page to be written */
 	struct page *encrypted_page;	/* encrypted page */
 	bool submitted;		/* indicate IO submission */
+	bool need_lock;		/* indicate we need to lock cp_rwsem */
 };
 
-#define is_read_io(rw) (rw == READ)
+#define is_read_io(rw) ((rw) == READ)
 struct f2fs_bio_info {
 	struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi;	/* f2fs superblock */
 	struct bio *bio;		/* bios to merge */
···
 	struct mutex cp_mutex;			/* checkpoint procedure lock */
 	struct rw_semaphore cp_rwsem;		/* blocking FS operations */
 	struct rw_semaphore node_write;		/* locking node writes */
+	struct rw_semaphore node_change;	/* locking node change */
 	wait_queue_head_t cp_wait;
 	unsigned long last_time[MAX_TIME];	/* to store time in jiffies */
 	long interval_time[MAX_TIME];		/* to store thresholds */
···
 	/* # of allocated blocks */
 	struct percpu_counter alloc_valid_block_count;
 
+	/* writeback control */
+	atomic_t wb_sync_req;			/* count # of WB_SYNC threads */
+
 	/* valid inode count */
 	struct percpu_counter total_valid_inode_count;
 
···
 	atomic_t inline_inode;			/* # of inline_data inodes */
 	atomic_t inline_dir;			/* # of inline_dentry inodes */
 	atomic_t aw_cnt;			/* # of atomic writes */
+	atomic_t vw_cnt;			/* # of volatile writes */
 	atomic_t max_aw_cnt;			/* max # of atomic writes */
+	atomic_t max_vw_cnt;			/* max # of volatile writes */
 	int bg_gc;				/* background gc calls */
 	unsigned int ndirty_inode[NR_INODE_TYPE];	/* # of dirty inodes */
 #endif
-	unsigned int last_victim[2];		/* last victim segment # */
 	spinlock_t stat_lock;			/* lock for stat operations */
 
 	/* For sysfs suppport */
···
  * and the return value is in kbytes. s is of struct f2fs_sb_info.
  */
 #define BD_PART_WRITTEN(s)						 \
-(((u64)part_stat_read(s->sb->s_bdev->bd_part, sectors[1]) -		 \
-		s->sectors_written_start) >> 1)
+(((u64)part_stat_read((s)->sb->s_bdev->bd_part, sectors[1]) -		 \
+		(s)->sectors_written_start) >> 1)
 
 static inline void f2fs_update_time(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, int type)
 {
···
 {
 	bool set = is_set_ckpt_flags(sbi, CP_NAT_BITS_FLAG);
 
-	return (cpc) ? (cpc->reason == CP_UMOUNT) && set : set;
+	return (cpc) ? (cpc->reason & CP_UMOUNT) && set : set;
 }
 
 static inline void f2fs_lock_op(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi)
···
 
 static inline bool __remain_node_summaries(int reason)
 {
-	return (reason == CP_UMOUNT || reason == CP_FASTBOOT);
+	return (reason & (CP_UMOUNT | CP_FASTBOOT));
 }
 
 static inline bool __exist_node_summaries(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi)
···
 	FI_DO_DEFRAG,		/* indicate defragment is running */
 	FI_DIRTY_FILE,		/* indicate regular/symlink has dirty pages */
 	FI_NO_PREALLOC,		/* indicate skipped preallocated blocks */
+	FI_HOT_DATA,		/* indicate file is hot */
 };
 
 static inline void __mark_inode_dirty_flag(struct inode *inode,
···
 	return is_inode_flag_set(inode, FI_INLINE_DATA);
 }
 
-static inline void f2fs_clear_inline_inode(struct inode *inode)
-{
-	clear_inode_flag(inode, FI_INLINE_DATA);
-	clear_inode_flag(inode, FI_DATA_EXIST);
-}
-
 static inline int f2fs_exist_data(struct inode *inode)
 {
 	return is_inode_flag_set(inode, FI_DATA_EXIST);
···
 	((is_inode_flag_set(i, FI_ACL_MODE)) ? \
 	 (F2FS_I(i)->i_acl_mode) : ((i)->i_mode))
 
-/* get offset of first page in next direct node */
-#define PGOFS_OF_NEXT_DNODE(pgofs, inode)				\
-	((pgofs < ADDRS_PER_INODE(inode)) ? ADDRS_PER_INODE(inode) :	\
-	(pgofs - ADDRS_PER_INODE(inode) + ADDRS_PER_BLOCK) /	\
-	ADDRS_PER_BLOCK * ADDRS_PER_BLOCK + ADDRS_PER_INODE(inode))
-
 /*
  * file.c
  */
···
 			struct page **page);
 void f2fs_set_link(struct inode *dir, struct f2fs_dir_entry *de,
 			struct page *page, struct inode *inode);
-int update_dent_inode(struct inode *inode, struct inode *to,
-			const struct qstr *name);
 void f2fs_update_dentry(nid_t ino, umode_t mode, struct f2fs_dentry_ptr *d,
 			const struct qstr *name, f2fs_hash_t name_hash,
 			unsigned int bit_pos);
···
  */
 void register_inmem_page(struct inode *inode, struct page *page);
 void drop_inmem_pages(struct inode *inode);
+void drop_inmem_page(struct inode *inode, struct page *page);
 int commit_inmem_pages(struct inode *inode);
 void f2fs_balance_fs(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, bool need);
 void f2fs_balance_fs_bg(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi);
···
 void invalidate_blocks(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, block_t addr);
 bool is_checkpointed_data(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, block_t blkaddr);
 void refresh_sit_entry(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, block_t old, block_t new);
-void f2fs_wait_discard_bio(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, block_t blkaddr);
+void f2fs_wait_discard_bios(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi);
 void clear_prefree_segments(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, struct cp_control *cpc);
 void release_discard_addrs(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi);
 int npages_for_summary_flush(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, bool for_ra);
···
 void write_meta_page(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, struct page *page);
 void write_node_page(unsigned int nid, struct f2fs_io_info *fio);
 void write_data_page(struct dnode_of_data *dn, struct f2fs_io_info *fio);
-void rewrite_data_page(struct f2fs_io_info *fio);
+int rewrite_data_page(struct f2fs_io_info *fio);
 void __f2fs_replace_block(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, struct f2fs_summary *sum,
 			block_t old_blkaddr, block_t new_blkaddr,
 			bool recover_curseg, bool recover_newaddr);
···
 int start_gc_thread(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi);
 void stop_gc_thread(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi);
 block_t start_bidx_of_node(unsigned int node_ofs, struct inode *inode);
-int f2fs_gc(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, bool sync, bool background);
+int f2fs_gc(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, bool sync, bool background,
+			unsigned int segno);
 void build_gc_manager(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi);
 
 /*
···
 	int ndirty_node, ndirty_dent, ndirty_meta, ndirty_data, ndirty_imeta;
 	int inmem_pages;
 	unsigned int ndirty_dirs, ndirty_files, ndirty_all;
-	int nats, dirty_nats, sits, dirty_sits, free_nids, alloc_nids;
+	int nats, dirty_nats, sits, dirty_sits;
+	int free_nids, avail_nids, alloc_nids;
 	int total_count, utilization;
-	int bg_gc, nr_wb_cp_data, nr_wb_data, nr_flush, nr_discard;
+	int bg_gc, nr_wb_cp_data, nr_wb_data;
+	int nr_flushing, nr_flushed, nr_discarding, nr_discarded;
+	int nr_discard_cmd;
+	unsigned int undiscard_blks;
 	int inline_xattr, inline_inode, inline_dir, append, update, orphans;
-	int aw_cnt, max_aw_cnt;
+	int aw_cnt, max_aw_cnt, vw_cnt, max_vw_cnt;
 	unsigned int valid_count, valid_node_count, valid_inode_count, discard_blks;
 	unsigned int bimodal, avg_vblocks;
 	int util_free, util_valid, util_invalid;
···
 		if (cur > max)						\
 			atomic_set(&F2FS_I_SB(inode)->max_aw_cnt, cur);	\
 	} while (0)
+#define stat_inc_volatile_write(inode)					\
+		(atomic_inc(&F2FS_I_SB(inode)->vw_cnt))
+#define stat_dec_volatile_write(inode)					\
+		(atomic_dec(&F2FS_I_SB(inode)->vw_cnt))
+#define stat_update_max_volatile_write(inode)				\
+	do {								\
+		int cur = atomic_read(&F2FS_I_SB(inode)->vw_cnt);	\
+		int max = atomic_read(&F2FS_I_SB(inode)->max_vw_cnt);	\
+		if (cur > max)						\
+			atomic_set(&F2FS_I_SB(inode)->max_vw_cnt, cur);	\
+	} while (0)
 #define stat_inc_seg_count(sbi, type, gc_type)				\
 	do {								\
 		struct f2fs_stat_info *si = F2FS_STAT(sbi);		\
-		(si)->tot_segs++;					\
-		if (type == SUM_TYPE_DATA) {				\
+		si->tot_segs++;						\
+		if ((type) == SUM_TYPE_DATA) {				\
 			si->data_segs++;				\
 			si->bg_data_segs += (gc_type == BG_GC) ? 1 : 0;	\
 		} else {						\
···
 	} while (0)
 
 #define stat_inc_tot_blk_count(si, blks)				\
-	(si->tot_blks += (blks))
+	((si)->tot_blks += (blks))
 
 #define stat_inc_data_blk_count(sbi, blks, gc_type)			\
 	do {								\
 		struct f2fs_stat_info *si = F2FS_STAT(sbi);		\
 		stat_inc_tot_blk_count(si, blks);			\
 		si->data_blks += (blks);				\
-		si->bg_data_blks += (gc_type == BG_GC) ? (blks) : 0;	\
+		si->bg_data_blks += ((gc_type) == BG_GC) ? (blks) : 0;	\
 	} while (0)
 
 #define stat_inc_node_blk_count(sbi, blks, gc_type)			\
···
 		struct f2fs_stat_info *si = F2FS_STAT(sbi);		\
 		stat_inc_tot_blk_count(si, blks);			\
 		si->node_blks += (blks);				\
-		si->bg_node_blks += (gc_type == BG_GC) ? (blks) : 0;	\
+		si->bg_node_blks += ((gc_type) == BG_GC) ? (blks) : 0;	\
 	} while (0)
 
 int f2fs_build_stats(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi);
···
 int __init f2fs_create_root_stats(void);
 void f2fs_destroy_root_stats(void);
 #else
-#define stat_inc_cp_count(si)
-#define stat_inc_bg_cp_count(si)
-#define stat_inc_call_count(si)
-#define stat_inc_bggc_count(si)
-#define stat_inc_dirty_inode(sbi, type)
-#define stat_dec_dirty_inode(sbi, type)
-#define stat_inc_total_hit(sb)
-#define stat_inc_rbtree_node_hit(sb)
-#define stat_inc_largest_node_hit(sbi)
-#define stat_inc_cached_node_hit(sbi)
-#define stat_inc_inline_xattr(inode)
-#define stat_dec_inline_xattr(inode)
-#define stat_inc_inline_inode(inode)
-#define stat_dec_inline_inode(inode)
-#define stat_inc_inline_dir(inode)
-#define stat_dec_inline_dir(inode)
-#define stat_inc_atomic_write(inode)
-#define stat_dec_atomic_write(inode)
-#define stat_update_max_atomic_write(inode)
-#define stat_inc_seg_type(sbi, curseg)
-#define stat_inc_block_count(sbi, curseg)
-#define stat_inc_inplace_blocks(sbi)
-#define stat_inc_seg_count(sbi, type, gc_type)
-#define stat_inc_tot_blk_count(si, blks)
-#define stat_inc_data_blk_count(sbi, blks, gc_type)
-#define stat_inc_node_blk_count(sbi, blks, gc_type)
+#define stat_inc_cp_count(si)				do { } while (0)
+#define stat_inc_bg_cp_count(si)			do { } while (0)
+#define stat_inc_call_count(si)				do { } while (0)
+#define stat_inc_bggc_count(si)				do { } while (0)
+#define stat_inc_dirty_inode(sbi, type)			do { } while (0)
+#define stat_dec_dirty_inode(sbi, type)			do { } while (0)
+#define stat_inc_total_hit(sb)				do { } while (0)
+#define stat_inc_rbtree_node_hit(sb)			do { } while (0)
+#define stat_inc_largest_node_hit(sbi)			do { } while (0)
+#define stat_inc_cached_node_hit(sbi)			do { } while (0)
+#define stat_inc_inline_xattr(inode)			do { } while (0)
+#define stat_dec_inline_xattr(inode)			do { } while (0)
+#define stat_inc_inline_inode(inode)			do { } while (0)
+#define stat_dec_inline_inode(inode)			do { } while (0)
+#define stat_inc_inline_dir(inode)			do { } while (0)
+#define stat_dec_inline_dir(inode)			do { } while (0)
+#define stat_inc_atomic_write(inode)			do { } while (0)
+#define stat_dec_atomic_write(inode)			do { } while (0)
+#define stat_update_max_atomic_write(inode)		do { } while (0)
+#define stat_inc_volatile_write(inode)			do { } while (0)
+#define stat_dec_volatile_write(inode)			do { } while (0)
+#define stat_update_max_volatile_write(inode)		do { } while (0)
+#define stat_inc_seg_type(sbi, curseg)			do { } while (0)
+#define stat_inc_block_count(sbi, curseg)		do { } while (0)
+#define stat_inc_inplace_blocks(sbi)			do { } while (0)
+#define stat_inc_seg_count(sbi, type, gc_type)		do { } while (0)
+#define stat_inc_tot_blk_count(si, blks)		do { } while (0)
+#define stat_inc_data_blk_count(sbi, blks, gc_type)	do { } while (0)
+#define stat_inc_node_blk_count(sbi, blks, gc_type)	do { } while (0)
 
 static inline int f2fs_build_stats(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi) { return 0; }
 static inline void f2fs_destroy_stats(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi) { }
···
 bool f2fs_may_inline_data(struct inode *inode);
 bool f2fs_may_inline_dentry(struct inode *inode);
 void read_inline_data(struct page *page, struct page *ipage);
-bool truncate_inline_inode(struct page *ipage, u64 from);
+void truncate_inline_inode(struct inode *inode, struct page *ipage, u64 from);
 int f2fs_read_inline_data(struct inode *inode, struct page *page);
 int f2fs_convert_inline_page(struct dnode_of_data *dn, struct page *page);
 int f2fs_convert_inline_inode(struct inode *inode);
···
 /*
  * extent_cache.c
  */
+struct rb_entry *__lookup_rb_tree(struct rb_root *root,
+				struct rb_entry *cached_re, unsigned int ofs);
+struct rb_node **__lookup_rb_tree_for_insert(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi,
+				struct rb_root *root, struct rb_node **parent,
+				unsigned int ofs);
+struct rb_entry *__lookup_rb_tree_ret(struct rb_root *root,
+		struct rb_entry *cached_re, unsigned int ofs,
+		struct rb_entry **prev_entry, struct rb_entry **next_entry,
+		struct rb_node ***insert_p, struct rb_node **insert_parent,
+		bool force);
+bool __check_rb_tree_consistence(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi,
+						struct rb_root *root);
 unsigned int f2fs_shrink_extent_tree(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, int nr_shrink);
 bool f2fs_init_extent_tree(struct inode *inode, struct f2fs_extent *i_ext);
 void f2fs_drop_extent_tree(struct inode *inode);

fs/f2fs/file.c

···
 	if (!dentry)
 		return 0;
 
-	if (update_dent_inode(inode, inode, &dentry->d_name)) {
-		dput(dentry);
-		return 0;
-	}
-
 	*pino = parent_ino(dentry);
 	dput(dentry);
 	return 1;
···
 
 	page = get_lock_data_page(inode, index, true);
 	if (IS_ERR(page))
-		return 0;
+		return PTR_ERR(page) == -ENOENT ? 0 : PTR_ERR(page);
 truncate_out:
 	f2fs_wait_on_page_writeback(page, DATA, true);
 	zero_user(page, offset, PAGE_SIZE - offset);
···
 	}
 
 	if (f2fs_has_inline_data(inode)) {
-		truncate_inline_inode(ipage, from);
-		if (from == 0)
-			clear_inode_flag(inode, FI_DATA_EXIST);
+		truncate_inline_inode(inode, ipage, from);
 		f2fs_put_page(ipage, 1);
 		truncate_page = true;
 		goto out;
···
 
 	trace_f2fs_truncate(inode);
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_F2FS_FAULT_INJECTION
+	if (time_to_inject(F2FS_I_SB(inode), FAULT_TRUNCATE)) {
+		f2fs_show_injection_info(FAULT_TRUNCATE);
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+#endif
 	/* we should check inline_data size */
 	if (!f2fs_may_inline_data(inode)) {
 		err = f2fs_convert_inline_inode(inode);
···
 		if (ret)
 			return ret;
 
-		if (offset + len > new_size)
-			new_size = offset + len;
 		new_size = max_t(loff_t, new_size, offset + len);
 	} else {
 		if (off_start) {
···
 	int ret = 0;
 
 	new_size = i_size_read(inode) + len;
-	if (new_size > inode->i_sb->s_maxbytes)
-		return -EFBIG;
+	ret = inode_newsize_ok(inode, new_size);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
 
 	if (offset >= i_size_read(inode))
 		return -EINVAL;
···
 		drop_inmem_pages(inode);
 	if (f2fs_is_volatile_file(inode)) {
 		clear_inode_flag(inode, FI_VOLATILE_FILE);
+		stat_dec_volatile_write(inode);
 		set_inode_flag(inode, FI_DROP_CACHE);
 		filemap_fdatawrite(inode->i_mapping);
 		clear_inode_flag(inode, FI_DROP_CACHE);
···
 	if (ret)
 		return ret;
 
-	flags = f2fs_mask_flags(inode->i_mode, flags);
-
 	inode_lock(inode);
+
+	flags = f2fs_mask_flags(inode->i_mode, flags);
 
 	oldflags = fi->i_flags;
 
···
 	flags = flags & FS_FL_USER_MODIFIABLE;
 	flags |= oldflags & ~FS_FL_USER_MODIFIABLE;
 	fi->i_flags = flags;
-	inode_unlock(inode);
 
 	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
 	f2fs_set_inode_flags(inode);
+
+	inode_unlock(inode);
 out:
 	mnt_drop_write_file(filp);
 	return ret;
···
 	if (!inode_owner_or_capable(inode))
 		return -EACCES;
 
+	if (!S_ISREG(inode->i_mode))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
 	ret = mnt_want_write_file(filp);
 	if (ret)
 		return ret;
···
 		goto out;
 
 	set_inode_flag(inode, FI_ATOMIC_FILE);
+	set_inode_flag(inode, FI_HOT_DATA);
 	f2fs_update_time(F2FS_I_SB(inode), REQ_TIME);
 
 	if (!get_dirty_pages(inode))
-		goto out;
+		goto inc_stat;
 
 	f2fs_msg(F2FS_I_SB(inode)->sb, KERN_WARNING,
 		"Unexpected flush for atomic writes: ino=%lu, npages=%u",
 					inode->i_ino, get_dirty_pages(inode));
 	ret = filemap_write_and_wait_range(inode->i_mapping, 0, LLONG_MAX);
-	if (ret)
+	if (ret) {
 		clear_inode_flag(inode, FI_ATOMIC_FILE);
-out:
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+inc_stat:
 	stat_inc_atomic_write(inode);
 	stat_update_max_atomic_write(inode);
+out:
 	inode_unlock(inode);
 	mnt_drop_write_file(filp);
 	return ret;
···
 	if (!inode_owner_or_capable(inode))
 		return -EACCES;
 
+	if (!S_ISREG(inode->i_mode))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
 	ret = mnt_want_write_file(filp);
 	if (ret)
 		return ret;
···
 	ret = f2fs_convert_inline_inode(inode);
 	if (ret)
 		goto out;
+
+	stat_inc_volatile_write(inode);
+	stat_update_max_volatile_write(inode);
 
 	set_inode_flag(inode, FI_VOLATILE_FILE);
 	f2fs_update_time(F2FS_I_SB(inode), REQ_TIME);
···
 		drop_inmem_pages(inode);
 	if (f2fs_is_volatile_file(inode)) {
 		clear_inode_flag(inode, FI_VOLATILE_FILE);
+		stat_dec_volatile_write(inode);
 		ret = f2fs_do_sync_file(filp, 0, LLONG_MAX, 0, true);
 	}
 
···
 		mutex_lock(&sbi->gc_mutex);
 	}
 
-	ret = f2fs_gc(sbi, sync, true);
+	ret = f2fs_gc(sbi, sync, true, NULL_SEGNO);
 out:
 	mnt_drop_write_file(filp);
 	return ret;
···
 	pgoff_t pg_start, pg_end;
 	unsigned int blk_per_seg = sbi->blocks_per_seg;
 	unsigned int total = 0, sec_num;
-	unsigned int pages_per_sec = sbi->segs_per_sec * blk_per_seg;
 	block_t blk_end = 0;
 	bool fragmented = false;
 	int err;
 
 	/* if in-place-update policy is enabled, don't waste time here */
-	if (need_inplace_update(inode))
+	if (need_inplace_update_policy(inode, NULL))
 		return -EINVAL;
 
 	pg_start = range->start >> PAGE_SHIFT;
···
 	map.m_lblk = pg_start;
 	map.m_len = pg_end - pg_start;
 
-	sec_num = (map.m_len + pages_per_sec - 1) / pages_per_sec;
+	sec_num = (map.m_len + BLKS_PER_SEC(sbi) - 1) / BLKS_PER_SEC(sbi);
 
 	/*
 	 * make sure there are enough free section for LFS allocation, this can
···
 	if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN))
 		return -EPERM;
 
-	if (!S_ISREG(inode->i_mode))
+	if (!S_ISREG(inode->i_mode) || f2fs_is_atomic_file(inode))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	if (f2fs_readonly(sbi->sb))
+		return -EROFS;
+
+	if (copy_from_user(&range, (struct f2fs_defragment __user *)arg,
+							sizeof(range)))
+		return -EFAULT;
+
+	/* verify alignment of offset & size */
+	if (range.start & (F2FS_BLKSIZE - 1) || range.len & (F2FS_BLKSIZE - 1))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	if (unlikely((range.start + range.len) >> PAGE_SHIFT >
+					sbi->max_file_blocks))
 		return -EINVAL;
 
 	err = mnt_want_write_file(filp);
 	if (err)
 		return err;
 
-	if (f2fs_readonly(sbi->sb)) {
-		err = -EROFS;
-		goto out;
-	}
-
-	if (copy_from_user(&range, (struct f2fs_defragment __user *)arg,
-							sizeof(range))) {
-		err = -EFAULT;
-		goto out;
-	}
-
-	/* verify alignment of offset & size */
-	if (range.start & (F2FS_BLKSIZE - 1) ||
-		range.len & (F2FS_BLKSIZE - 1)) {
-		err = -EINVAL;
-		goto out;
-	}
-
 	err = f2fs_defragment_range(sbi, filp, &range);
+	mnt_drop_write_file(filp);
+
 	f2fs_update_time(sbi, REQ_TIME);
 	if (err < 0)
-		goto out;
+		return err;
 
 	if (copy_to_user((struct f2fs_defragment __user *)arg, &range,
 							sizeof(range)))
-		err = -EFAULT;
-out:
-	mnt_drop_write_file(filp);
-	return err;
+		return -EFAULT;
+
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static int f2fs_move_file_range(struct file *file_in, loff_t pos_in,
···
 					range.pos_out, range.len);
 
 	mnt_drop_write_file(filp);
+	if (err)
+		goto err_out;
 
 	if (copy_to_user((struct f2fs_move_range __user *)arg,
 						&range, sizeof(range)))
···
 	fdput(dst);
 	return err;
 }
+
+static int f2fs_ioc_flush_device(struct file *filp, unsigned long arg)
+{
+	struct inode *inode = file_inode(filp);
+	struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi = F2FS_I_SB(inode);
+	struct sit_info *sm = SIT_I(sbi);
+	unsigned int start_segno = 0, end_segno = 0;
+	unsigned int dev_start_segno = 0, dev_end_segno = 0;
+	struct f2fs_flush_device range;
+	int ret;
+
+	if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN))
+		return -EPERM;
+
+	if (f2fs_readonly(sbi->sb))
+		return -EROFS;
+
+	if (copy_from_user(&range, (struct f2fs_flush_device __user *)arg,
+							sizeof(range)))
+		return -EFAULT;
+
+	if (sbi->s_ndevs <= 1 || sbi->s_ndevs - 1 <= range.dev_num ||
+			sbi->segs_per_sec != 1) {
+		f2fs_msg(sbi->sb, KERN_WARNING,
+			"Can't flush %u in %d for segs_per_sec %u != 1\n",
+				range.dev_num, sbi->s_ndevs,
+				sbi->segs_per_sec);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	ret = mnt_want_write_file(filp);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	if (range.dev_num != 0)
+		dev_start_segno = GET_SEGNO(sbi, FDEV(range.dev_num).start_blk);
+	dev_end_segno = GET_SEGNO(sbi, FDEV(range.dev_num).end_blk);
+
+	start_segno = sm->last_victim[FLUSH_DEVICE];
+	if (start_segno < dev_start_segno || start_segno >= dev_end_segno)
+		start_segno = dev_start_segno;
+	end_segno = min(start_segno + range.segments, dev_end_segno);
+
+	while (start_segno < end_segno) {
+		if (!mutex_trylock(&sbi->gc_mutex)) {
+			ret = -EBUSY;
+			goto out;
+		}
+		sm->last_victim[GC_CB] = end_segno + 1;
+		sm->last_victim[GC_GREEDY] = end_segno + 1;
+		sm->last_victim[ALLOC_NEXT] = end_segno + 1;
+		ret = f2fs_gc(sbi, true, true, start_segno);
+		if (ret == -EAGAIN)
+			ret = 0;
+		else if (ret < 0)
+			break;
+		start_segno++;
+	}
+out:
+	mnt_drop_write_file(filp);
+	return ret;
+}
+
 
 long f2fs_ioctl(struct file *filp, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
 {
···
 		return f2fs_ioc_defragment(filp, arg);
 	case F2FS_IOC_MOVE_RANGE:
 		return f2fs_ioc_move_range(filp, arg);
+	case F2FS_IOC_FLUSH_DEVICE:
+		return f2fs_ioc_flush_device(filp, arg);
 	default:
 		return -ENOTTY;
 	}
···
 	case F2FS_IOC_GARBAGE_COLLECT:
 	case F2FS_IOC_WRITE_CHECKPOINT:
 	case F2FS_IOC_DEFRAGMENT:
-		break;
 	case F2FS_IOC_MOVE_RANGE:
+	case F2FS_IOC_FLUSH_DEVICE:
 		break;
 	default:
 		return -ENOIOCTLCMD;

fs/f2fs/gc.c

···
 		stat_inc_bggc_count(sbi);
 
 		/* if return value is not zero, no victim was selected */
-		if (f2fs_gc(sbi, test_opt(sbi, FORCE_FG_GC), true))
+		if (f2fs_gc(sbi, test_opt(sbi, FORCE_FG_GC), true, NULL_SEGNO))
 			wait_ms = gc_th->no_gc_sleep_time;
 
 		trace_f2fs_background_gc(sbi->sb, wait_ms,
···
 	if (gc_type != FG_GC && p->max_search > sbi->max_victim_search)
 		p->max_search = sbi->max_victim_search;
 
-	p->offset = sbi->last_victim[p->gc_mode];
+	/* let's select beginning hot/small space first */
+	if (type == CURSEG_HOT_DATA || IS_NODESEG(type))
+		p->offset = 0;
+	else
+		p->offset = SIT_I(sbi)->last_victim[p->gc_mode];
 }
 
 static unsigned int get_max_cost(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi,
···
 	if (p->alloc_mode == SSR)
 		return sbi->blocks_per_seg;
 	if (p->gc_mode == GC_GREEDY)
-		return sbi->blocks_per_seg * p->ofs_unit;
+		return 2 * sbi->blocks_per_seg * p->ofs_unit;
 	else if (p->gc_mode == GC_CB)
 		return UINT_MAX;
 	else /* No other gc_mode */
···
 			continue;
 
 		clear_bit(secno, dirty_i->victim_secmap);
-		return secno * sbi->segs_per_sec;
+		return GET_SEG_FROM_SEC(sbi, secno);
 	}
 	return NULL_SEGNO;
 }
···
 static unsigned int get_cb_cost(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, unsigned int segno)
 {
 	struct sit_info *sit_i = SIT_I(sbi);
-	unsigned int secno = GET_SECNO(sbi, segno);
-	unsigned int start = secno * sbi->segs_per_sec;
+	unsigned int secno = GET_SEC_FROM_SEG(sbi, segno);
+	unsigned int start = GET_SEG_FROM_SEC(sbi, secno);
 	unsigned long long mtime = 0;
 	unsigned int vblocks;
 	unsigned char age = 0;
···
 
 	for (i = 0; i < sbi->segs_per_sec; i++)
 		mtime += get_seg_entry(sbi, start + i)->mtime;
-	vblocks = get_valid_blocks(sbi, segno, sbi->segs_per_sec);
+	vblocks = get_valid_blocks(sbi, segno, true);
 
 	mtime = div_u64(mtime, sbi->segs_per_sec);
 	vblocks = div_u64(vblocks, sbi->segs_per_sec);
···
 						unsigned int segno)
 {
 	unsigned int valid_blocks =
-			get_valid_blocks(sbi, segno, sbi->segs_per_sec);
+			get_valid_blocks(sbi, segno, true);
 
 	return IS_DATASEG(get_seg_entry(sbi, segno)->type) ?
 				valid_blocks * 2 : valid_blocks;
···
 		unsigned int *result, int gc_type, int type, char alloc_mode)
 {
 	struct dirty_seglist_info *dirty_i = DIRTY_I(sbi);
+	struct sit_info *sm = SIT_I(sbi);
 	struct victim_sel_policy p;
 	unsigned int secno, last_victim;
 	unsigned int last_segment = MAIN_SEGS(sbi);
···
 	p.min_segno = NULL_SEGNO;
 	p.min_cost = get_max_cost(sbi, &p);
 
+	if (*result != NULL_SEGNO) {
+		if (IS_DATASEG(get_seg_entry(sbi, *result)->type) &&
+			get_valid_blocks(sbi, *result, false) &&
+			!sec_usage_check(sbi, GET_SEC_FROM_SEG(sbi, *result)))
+			p.min_segno = *result;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
 	if (p.max_search == 0)
 		goto out;
 
-	last_victim = sbi->last_victim[p.gc_mode];
+	last_victim = sm->last_victim[p.gc_mode];
 	if (p.alloc_mode == LFS && gc_type == FG_GC) {
 		p.min_segno = check_bg_victims(sbi);
 		if (p.min_segno != NULL_SEGNO)
···
 
 		segno = find_next_bit(p.dirty_segmap, last_segment, p.offset);
 		if (segno >= last_segment) {
-			if (sbi->last_victim[p.gc_mode]) {
-				last_segment = sbi->last_victim[p.gc_mode];
-				sbi->last_victim[p.gc_mode] = 0;
+			if (sm->last_victim[p.gc_mode]) {
+				last_segment =
+					sm->last_victim[p.gc_mode];
+				sm->last_victim[p.gc_mode] = 0;
 				p.offset = 0;
 				continue;
 			}
···
 			nsearched++;
 		}
 
-		secno = GET_SECNO(sbi, segno);
+		secno = GET_SEC_FROM_SEG(sbi, segno);
 
 		if (sec_usage_check(sbi, secno))
 			goto next;
···
 		}
 next:
 		if (nsearched >= p.max_search) {
-			if (!sbi->last_victim[p.gc_mode] && segno <= last_victim)
-				sbi->last_victim[p.gc_mode] = last_victim + 1;
+			if (!sm->last_victim[p.gc_mode] && segno <= last_victim)
+				sm->last_victim[p.gc_mode] = last_victim + 1;
 			else
-				sbi->last_victim[p.gc_mode] = segno + 1;
+				sm->last_victim[p.gc_mode] = segno + 1;
+			sm->last_victim[p.gc_mode] %= MAIN_SEGS(sbi);
 			break;
 		}
 	}
 	if (p.min_segno != NULL_SEGNO) {
 got_it:
 		if (p.alloc_mode == LFS) {
-			secno = GET_SECNO(sbi, p.min_segno);
+			secno = GET_SEC_FROM_SEG(sbi, p.min_segno);
 			if (gc_type == FG_GC)
 				sbi->cur_victim_sec = secno;
 			else
···
 	get_node_info(sbi, nid, dni);
 
 	if (sum->version != dni->version) {
-		f2fs_put_page(node_page, 1);
-		return false;
+		f2fs_msg(sbi->sb, KERN_WARNING,
+				"%s: valid data with mismatched node version.",
+				__func__);
+		set_sbi_flag(sbi, SBI_NEED_FSCK);
 	}
 
 	*nofs = ofs_of_node(node_page);
···
 			.type = DATA,
 			.op = REQ_OP_WRITE,
 			.op_flags = REQ_SYNC,
+			.old_blkaddr = NULL_ADDR,
 			.page = page,
 			.encrypted_page = NULL,
+			.need_lock = true,
 		};
 		bool is_dirty = PageDirty(page);
 		int err;
···
 					GET_SUM_BLOCK(sbi, segno));
 		f2fs_put_page(sum_page, 0);
 
-		if (get_valid_blocks(sbi, segno, 1) == 0 ||
+		if (get_valid_blocks(sbi, segno, false) == 0 ||
 				!PageUptodate(sum_page) ||
 				unlikely(f2fs_cp_error(sbi)))
 			goto next;
···
 		 *   - mutex_lock(sentry_lock)     - change_curseg()
 		 *                                  - lock_page(sum_page)
 		 */
-
 		if (type == SUM_TYPE_NODE)
 			gc_node_segment(sbi, sum->entries, segno, gc_type);
 		else
···
 	blk_finish_plug(&plug);
 
 	if (gc_type == FG_GC &&
-		get_valid_blocks(sbi, start_segno, sbi->segs_per_sec) == 0)
+		get_valid_blocks(sbi, start_segno, true) == 0)
 		sec_freed = 1;
 
 	stat_inc_call_count(sbi->stat_info);
···
 	return sec_freed;
 }
 
-int f2fs_gc(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, bool sync, bool background)
+int f2fs_gc(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, bool sync,
+			bool background, unsigned int segno)
 {
-	unsigned int segno;
 	int gc_type = sync ? FG_GC : BG_GC;
 	int sec_freed = 0;
 	int ret = -EINVAL;
 	struct cp_control cpc;
+	unsigned int init_segno = segno;
 	struct gc_inode_list gc_list = {
 		.ilist = LIST_HEAD_INIT(gc_list.ilist),
 		.iroot = RADIX_TREE_INIT(GFP_NOFS),
···
 		 * threshold, we can make them free by checkpoint. Then, we
 		 * secure free segments which doesn't need fggc any more.
 		 */
-		ret = write_checkpoint(sbi, &cpc);
-		if (ret)
-			goto stop;
+		if (prefree_segments(sbi)) {
+			ret = write_checkpoint(sbi, &cpc);
+			if (ret)
+				goto stop;
+		}
 		if (has_not_enough_free_secs(sbi, 0, 0))
 			gc_type = FG_GC;
 	}
···
 		sbi->cur_victim_sec = NULL_SEGNO;
 
 	if (!sync) {
-		if (has_not_enough_free_secs(sbi, sec_freed, 0))
+		if (has_not_enough_free_secs(sbi, sec_freed, 0)) {
+			segno = NULL_SEGNO;
 			goto gc_more;
+		}
 
 		if (gc_type == FG_GC)
 			ret = write_checkpoint(sbi, &cpc);
 	}
 stop:
+	SIT_I(sbi)->last_victim[ALLOC_NEXT] = 0;
+	SIT_I(sbi)->last_victim[FLUSH_DEVICE] = init_segno;
 	mutex_unlock(&sbi->gc_mutex);
 
 	put_gc_inode(&gc_list);
···
 
 void build_gc_manager(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi)
 {
-	u64 main_count, resv_count, ovp_count, blocks_per_sec;
+	u64 main_count, resv_count, ovp_count;
 
 	DIRTY_I(sbi)->v_ops = &default_v_ops;
 
···
 	main_count = SM_I(sbi)->main_segments << sbi->log_blocks_per_seg;
 	resv_count = SM_I(sbi)->reserved_segments << sbi->log_blocks_per_seg;
 	ovp_count = SM_I(sbi)->ovp_segments << sbi->log_blocks_per_seg;
-	blocks_per_sec = sbi->blocks_per_seg * sbi->segs_per_sec;
 
-	sbi->fggc_threshold = div64_u64((main_count - ovp_count) * blocks_per_sec,
-					(main_count - resv_count));
+	sbi->fggc_threshold = div64_u64((main_count - ovp_count) *
+				BLKS_PER_SEC(sbi), (main_count - resv_count));
+
+	/* give warm/cold data area from slower device */
+	if (sbi->s_ndevs && sbi->segs_per_sec == 1)
+		SIT_I(sbi)->last_victim[ALLOC_NEXT] =
+				GET_SEGNO(sbi, FDEV(0).end_blk) + 1;
 }

fs/f2fs/inline.c

···
 		SetPageUptodate(page);
 }
 
-bool truncate_inline_inode(struct page *ipage, u64 from)
+void truncate_inline_inode(struct inode *inode, struct page *ipage, u64 from)
 {
 	void *addr;
 
 	if (from >= MAX_INLINE_DATA)
-		return false;
+		return;
 
 	addr = inline_data_addr(ipage);
 
 	f2fs_wait_on_page_writeback(ipage, NODE, true);
 	memset(addr + from, 0, MAX_INLINE_DATA - from);
 	set_page_dirty(ipage);
-	return true;
+
+	if (from == 0)
+		clear_inode_flag(inode, FI_DATA_EXIST);
 }
 
 int f2fs_read_inline_data(struct inode *inode, struct page *page)
···
 	/* write data page to try to make data consistent */
 	set_page_writeback(page);
 	fio.old_blkaddr = dn->data_blkaddr;
+	set_inode_flag(dn->inode, FI_HOT_DATA);
 	write_data_page(dn, &fio);
 	f2fs_wait_on_page_writeback(page, DATA, true);
 	if (dirty) {
···
 	set_inode_flag(dn->inode, FI_APPEND_WRITE);
 
 	/* clear inline data and flag after data writeback */
-	truncate_inline_inode(dn->inode_page, 0);
+	truncate_inline_inode(dn->inode, dn->inode_page, 0);
 	clear_inline_node(dn->inode_page);
 clear_out:
 	stat_dec_inline_inode(dn->inode);
-	f2fs_clear_inline_inode(dn->inode);
+	clear_inode_flag(dn->inode, FI_INLINE_DATA);
 	f2fs_put_dnode(dn);
 	return 0;
 }
···
 	if (f2fs_has_inline_data(inode)) {
 		ipage = get_node_page(sbi, inode->i_ino);
 		f2fs_bug_on(sbi, IS_ERR(ipage));
-		if (!truncate_inline_inode(ipage, 0))
-			return false;
-		f2fs_clear_inline_inode(inode);
+		truncate_inline_inode(inode, ipage, 0);
+		clear_inode_flag(inode, FI_INLINE_DATA);
 		f2fs_put_page(ipage, 1);
 	} else if (ri && (ri->i_inline & F2FS_INLINE_DATA)) {
 		if (truncate_blocks(inode, 0, false))
···
 
 	inline_dentry = inline_data_addr(ipage);
 
-	make_dentry_ptr(NULL, &d, (void *)inline_dentry, 2);
+	make_dentry_ptr_inline(NULL, &d, inline_dentry);
 	de = find_target_dentry(fname, namehash, NULL, &d);
 	unlock_page(ipage);
 	if (de)
···
 
 	dentry_blk = inline_data_addr(ipage);
 
-	make_dentry_ptr(NULL, &d, (void *)dentry_blk, 2);
+	make_dentry_ptr_inline(NULL, &d, dentry_blk);
 	do_make_empty_dir(inode, parent, &d);
 
 	set_page_dirty(ipage);
···
 	set_page_dirty(page);
 
 	/* clear inline dir and flag after data writeback */
-	truncate_inline_inode(ipage, 0);
+	truncate_inline_inode(dir, ipage, 0);
 
 	stat_dec_inline_dir(dir);
 	clear_inode_flag(dir, FI_INLINE_DENTRY);
···
 	unsigned long bit_pos = 0;
 	int err = 0;
 
-	make_dentry_ptr(NULL, &d, (void *)inline_dentry, 2);
+	make_dentry_ptr_inline(NULL, &d, inline_dentry);
 
 	while (bit_pos < d.max) {
 		struct f2fs_dir_entry *de;
···
 	}
 
 	memcpy(backup_dentry, inline_dentry, MAX_INLINE_DATA);
-	truncate_inline_inode(ipage, 0);
+	truncate_inline_inode(dir, ipage, 0);
 
 	unlock_page(ipage);
 
···
 			err = PTR_ERR(page);
 			goto fail;
 		}
-		if (f2fs_encrypted_inode(dir))
-			file_set_enc_name(inode);
 	}
 
 	f2fs_wait_on_page_writeback(ipage, NODE, true);
 
 	name_hash = f2fs_dentry_hash(new_name, NULL);
-	make_dentry_ptr(NULL, &d, (void *)dentry_blk, 2);
+	make_dentry_ptr_inline(NULL, &d, dentry_blk);
 	f2fs_update_dentry(ino, mode, &d, new_name, name_hash, bit_pos);
 
 	set_page_dirty(ipage);
···
 
 	inline_dentry = inline_data_addr(ipage);
 
-	make_dentry_ptr(inode, &d, (void *)inline_dentry, 2);
+	make_dentry_ptr_inline(inode, &d, inline_dentry);
 
 	err = f2fs_fill_dentries(ctx, &d, 0, fstr);
 	if (!err)

fs/f2fs/inode.c

···
 		} else if (err != -ENOENT) {
 			f2fs_stop_checkpoint(sbi, false);
 		}
-		f2fs_inode_synced(inode);
 		return 0;
 	}
 	ret = update_inode(inode, node_page);
···
 	 * We need to balance fs here to prevent from producing dirty node pages
 	 * during the urgent cleaning time when runing out of free sections.
 	 */
-	if (update_inode_page(inode) && wbc && wbc->nr_to_write)
+	update_inode_page(inode);
+	if (wbc && wbc->nr_to_write)
 		f2fs_balance_fs(sbi, true);
 	return 0;
 }
···
 	if (inode->i_nlink || is_bad_inode(inode))
 		goto no_delete;
 
-#ifdef CONFIG_F2FS_FAULT_INJECTION
-	if (time_to_inject(sbi, FAULT_EVICT_INODE)) {
-		f2fs_show_injection_info(FAULT_EVICT_INODE);
-		goto no_delete;
-	}
-#endif
-
 	remove_ino_entry(sbi, inode->i_ino, APPEND_INO);
 	remove_ino_entry(sbi, inode->i_ino, UPDATE_INO);
 
···
 	if (F2FS_HAS_BLOCKS(inode))
 		err = f2fs_truncate(inode);
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_F2FS_FAULT_INJECTION
+	if (time_to_inject(sbi, FAULT_EVICT_INODE)) {
+		f2fs_show_injection_info(FAULT_EVICT_INODE);
+		err = -EIO;
+	}
+#endif
 	if (!err) {
 		f2fs_lock_op(sbi);
 		err = remove_inode_page(inode);
···
 	stat_dec_inline_dir(inode);
 	stat_dec_inline_inode(inode);
 
-	invalidate_mapping_pages(NODE_MAPPING(sbi), inode->i_ino, inode->i_ino);
+	/* ino == 0, if f2fs_new_inode() was failed t*/
+	if (inode->i_ino)
+		invalidate_mapping_pages(NODE_MAPPING(sbi), inode->i_ino,
+							inode->i_ino);
 	if (xnid)
 		invalidate_mapping_pages(NODE_MAPPING(sbi), xnid, xnid);
 	if (inode->i_nlink) {
···
 	 * in a panic when flushing dirty inodes in gdirty_list.
 	 */
 	update_inode_page(inode);
+	f2fs_inode_synced(inode);
 
 	/* don't make bad inode, since it becomes a regular file. */
 	unlock_new_inode(inode);

fs/f2fs/namei.c

···
 	inode->i_mapping->a_ops = &f2fs_dblock_aops;
 	ino = inode->i_ino;
 
-	f2fs_balance_fs(sbi, true);
-
 	f2fs_lock_op(sbi);
 	err = f2fs_add_link(dentry, inode);
 	if (err)
···
 
 	if (IS_DIRSYNC(dir))
 		f2fs_sync_fs(sbi->sb, 1);
+
+	f2fs_balance_fs(sbi, true);
 	return 0;
 out:
 	handle_failed_inode(inode);
···
 	inode_nohighmem(inode);
 	inode->i_mapping->a_ops = &f2fs_dblock_aops;
 
-	f2fs_balance_fs(sbi, true);
-
 	f2fs_lock_op(sbi);
 	err = f2fs_add_link(dentry, inode);
 	if (err)
···
 	}
 
 	kfree(sd);
+
+	f2fs_balance_fs(sbi, true);
 	return err;
 out:
 	handle_failed_inode(inode);
···
 	inode->i_mapping->a_ops = &f2fs_dblock_aops;
 	mapping_set_gfp_mask(inode->i_mapping, GFP_F2FS_HIGH_ZERO);
 
-	f2fs_balance_fs(sbi, true);
-
 	set_inode_flag(inode, FI_INC_LINK);
 	f2fs_lock_op(sbi);
 	err = f2fs_add_link(dentry, inode);
···
 
 	if (IS_DIRSYNC(dir))
 		f2fs_sync_fs(sbi->sb, 1);
+
+	f2fs_balance_fs(sbi, true);
 	return 0;
 
 out_fail:
···
 	init_special_inode(inode, inode->i_mode, rdev);
 	inode->i_op = &f2fs_special_inode_operations;
 
-	f2fs_balance_fs(sbi, true);
-
 	f2fs_lock_op(sbi);
 	err = f2fs_add_link(dentry, inode);
 	if (err)
···
 
 	if (IS_DIRSYNC(dir))
 		f2fs_sync_fs(sbi->sb, 1);
+
+	f2fs_balance_fs(sbi, true);
 	return 0;
 out:
 	handle_failed_inode(inode);
···
 		inode->i_mapping->a_ops = &f2fs_dblock_aops;
 	}
 
-	f2fs_balance_fs(sbi, true);
-
 	f2fs_lock_op(sbi);
 	err = acquire_orphan_inode(sbi);
 	if (err)
···
 	/* link_count was changed by d_tmpfile as well. */
 	f2fs_unlock_op(sbi);
 	unlock_new_inode(inode);
+
+	f2fs_balance_fs(sbi, true);
 	return 0;
 
 release_out:
···
 		if (err)
 			goto put_out_dir;
 
-		err = update_dent_inode(old_inode, new_inode,
-						&new_dentry->d_name);
-		if (err) {
-			release_orphan_inode(sbi);
-			goto put_out_dir;
-		}
-
 		f2fs_set_link(new_dir, new_entry, new_page, old_inode);
 
 		new_inode->i_ctime = current_time(new_inode);
···
 
 	down_write(&F2FS_I(old_inode)->i_sem);
 	file_lost_pino(old_inode);
-	if (new_inode && file_enc_name(new_inode))
-		file_set_enc_name(old_inode);
 	up_write(&F2FS_I(old_inode)->i_sem);
 
 	old_inode->i_ctime = current_time(old_inode);
···
 		old_nlink = old_dir_entry ? -1 : 1;
 		new_nlink = -old_nlink;
 		err = -EMLINK;
-		if ((old_nlink > 0 && old_inode->i_nlink >= F2FS_LINK_MAX) ||
-			(new_nlink > 0 && new_inode->i_nlink >= F2FS_LINK_MAX))
+		if ((old_nlink > 0 && old_dir->i_nlink >= F2FS_LINK_MAX) ||
+			(new_nlink > 0 && new_dir->i_nlink >= F2FS_LINK_MAX))
 			goto out_new_dir;
 	}
 
 	f2fs_balance_fs(sbi, true);
 
 	f2fs_lock_op(sbi);
-
-	err = update_dent_inode(old_inode, new_inode, &new_dentry->d_name);
-	if (err)
-		goto out_unlock;
-	if (file_enc_name(new_inode))
-		file_set_enc_name(old_inode);
-
-	err = update_dent_inode(new_inode, old_inode, &old_dentry->d_name);
-	if (err)
-		goto out_undo;
-	if (file_enc_name(old_inode))
-		file_set_enc_name(new_inode);
 
 	/* update ".." directory entry info of old dentry */
 	if (old_dir_entry)
···
 	if (IS_DIRSYNC(old_dir) || IS_DIRSYNC(new_dir))
 		f2fs_sync_fs(sbi->sb, 1);
 	return 0;
-out_undo:
-	/*
-	 * Still we may fail to recover name info of f2fs_inode here
-	 * Drop it, once its name is set as encrypted
-	 */
-	update_dent_inode(old_inode, old_inode, &old_dentry->d_name);
-out_unlock:
-	f2fs_unlock_op(sbi);
 out_new_dir:
 	if (new_dir_entry) {
 		f2fs_dentry_kunmap(new_inode, new_dir_page);

fs/f2fs/node.c

···
 #include "trace.h"
 #include <trace/events/f2fs.h>
 
-#define on_build_free_nids(nmi) mutex_is_locked(&nm_i->build_lock)
+#define on_build_free_nids(nmi) mutex_is_locked(&(nm_i)->build_lock)
 
 static struct kmem_cache *nat_entry_slab;
 static struct kmem_cache *free_nid_slab;
···
 		int i;
 
 		for (i = 0; i <= UPDATE_INO; i++)
-			mem_size += (sbi->im[i].ino_num *
-				sizeof(struct ino_entry)) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
+			mem_size += sbi->im[i].ino_num *
+						sizeof(struct ino_entry);
+		mem_size >>= PAGE_SHIFT;
 		res = mem_size < ((avail_ram * nm_i->ram_thresh / 100) >> 1);
 	} else if (type == EXTENT_CACHE) {
 		mem_size = (atomic_read(&sbi->total_ext_tree) *
···
 }
 
 static void __clear_nat_cache_dirty(struct f2fs_nm_info *nm_i,
-						struct nat_entry *ne)
+		struct nat_entry_set *set, struct nat_entry *ne)
 {
-	nid_t set = NAT_BLOCK_OFFSET(ne->ni.nid);
-	struct nat_entry_set *head;
-
-	head = radix_tree_lookup(&nm_i->nat_set_root, set);
-	if (head) {
-		list_move_tail(&ne->list, &nm_i->nat_entries);
-		set_nat_flag(ne, IS_DIRTY, false);
-		head->entry_cnt--;
-		nm_i->dirty_nat_cnt--;
-	}
+	list_move_tail(&ne->list, &nm_i->nat_entries);
+	set_nat_flag(ne, IS_DIRTY, false);
+	set->entry_cnt--;
+	nm_i->dirty_nat_cnt--;
 }
 
 static unsigned int __gang_lookup_nat_set(struct f2fs_nm_info *nm_i,
···
 	struct page *page = NULL;
 	struct f2fs_nat_entry ne;
 	struct nat_entry *e;
+	pgoff_t index;
 	int i;
 
 	ni->nid = nid;
···
 		node_info_from_raw_nat(ni, &ne);
 	}
 	up_read(&curseg->journal_rwsem);
-	if (i >= 0)
+	if (i >= 0) {
+		up_read(&nm_i->nat_tree_lock);
 		goto cache;
+	}
 
 	/* Fill node_info from nat page */
-	page = get_current_nat_page(sbi, start_nid);
+	index = current_nat_addr(sbi, nid);
+	up_read(&nm_i->nat_tree_lock);
+
+	page = get_meta_page(sbi, index);
 	nat_blk = (struct f2fs_nat_block *)page_address(page);
 	ne = nat_blk->entries[nid - start_nid];
 	node_info_from_raw_nat(ni, &ne);
 	f2fs_put_page(page, 1);
 cache:
-	up_read(&nm_i->nat_tree_lock);
 	/* cache nat entry */
 	down_write(&nm_i->nat_tree_lock);
 	cache_nat_entry(sbi, nid, &ne);
···
 			f2fs_wait_on_page_writeback(page, NODE, true);
 			BUG_ON(PageWriteback(page));
 
+			set_fsync_mark(page, 0);
+			set_dentry_mark(page, 0);
+
 			if (!atomic || page == last_page) {
 				set_fsync_mark(page, 1);
 				if (IS_INODE(page)) {
···
 static bool add_free_nid(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, nid_t nid, bool build)
 {
 	struct f2fs_nm_info *nm_i = NM_I(sbi);
-	struct free_nid *i;
+	struct free_nid *i, *e;
 	struct nat_entry *ne;
-	int err;
+	int err = -EINVAL;
+	bool ret = false;
 
 	/* 0 nid should not be used */
 	if (unlikely(nid == 0))
 		return false;
 
-	if (build) {
-		/* do not add allocated nids */
-		ne = __lookup_nat_cache(nm_i, nid);
-		if (ne && (!get_nat_flag(ne, IS_CHECKPOINTED) ||
-				nat_get_blkaddr(ne) != NULL_ADDR))
-			return false;
-	}
-
 	i = f2fs_kmem_cache_alloc(free_nid_slab, GFP_NOFS);
 	i->nid = nid;
 	i->state = NID_NEW;
 
-	if (radix_tree_preload(GFP_NOFS)) {
-		kmem_cache_free(free_nid_slab, i);
-		return true;
-	}
+	if (radix_tree_preload(GFP_NOFS))
+		goto err;
 
 	spin_lock(&nm_i->nid_list_lock);
+
+	if (build) {
+		/*
+		 *   Thread A             Thread B
+		 *  - f2fs_create
+		 *   - f2fs_new_inode
+		 *    - alloc_nid
+		 *     - __insert_nid_to_list(ALLOC_NID_LIST)
+		 *                     - f2fs_balance_fs_bg
+		 *                      - build_free_nids
+		 *                       - __build_free_nids
+		 *                        - scan_nat_page
+		 *                         - add_free_nid
+		 *                          - __lookup_nat_cache
+		 *  - f2fs_add_link
+		 *   - init_inode_metadata
+		 *    - new_inode_page
+		 *     - new_node_page
+		 *      - set_node_addr
+		 *  - alloc_nid_done
+		 *   - __remove_nid_from_list(ALLOC_NID_LIST)
+		 *                         - __insert_nid_to_list(FREE_NID_LIST)
+		 */
+		ne = __lookup_nat_cache(nm_i, nid);
+		if (ne && (!get_nat_flag(ne, IS_CHECKPOINTED) ||
+				nat_get_blkaddr(ne) != NULL_ADDR))
+			goto err_out;
+
+		e = __lookup_free_nid_list(nm_i, nid);
+		if (e) {
+			if (e->state == NID_NEW)
+				ret = true;
+			goto err_out;
+		}
+	}
+	ret = true;
 	err = __insert_nid_to_list(sbi, i, FREE_NID_LIST, true);
+err_out:
 	spin_unlock(&nm_i->nid_list_lock);
 	radix_tree_preload_end();
-	if (err) {
+err:
+	if (err)
 		kmem_cache_free(free_nid_slab, i);
-		return true;
-	}
-	return true;
+	return ret;
 }
 
 static void remove_free_nid(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, nid_t nid)
···
 }
 
 static void update_free_nid_bitmap(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, nid_t nid,
-			bool set, bool build, bool locked)
+							bool set, bool build)
 {
 	struct f2fs_nm_info *nm_i = NM_I(sbi);
 	unsigned int nat_ofs = NAT_BLOCK_OFFSET(nid);
···
 	else
 		__clear_bit_le(nid_ofs, nm_i->free_nid_bitmap[nat_ofs]);
 
-	if (!locked)
-		spin_lock(&nm_i->free_nid_lock);
 	if (set)
 		nm_i->free_nid_count[nat_ofs]++;
 	else if (!build)
 		nm_i->free_nid_count[nat_ofs]--;
-	if (!locked)
-		spin_unlock(&nm_i->free_nid_lock);
 }
 
 static void scan_nat_page(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi,
···
 		f2fs_bug_on(sbi, blk_addr == NEW_ADDR);
 		if (blk_addr == NULL_ADDR)
 			freed = add_free_nid(sbi, start_nid, true);
-		update_free_nid_bitmap(sbi, start_nid, freed, true, false);
+		spin_lock(&NM_I(sbi)->nid_list_lock);
+		update_free_nid_bitmap(sbi, start_nid, freed, true);
+		spin_unlock(&NM_I(sbi)->nid_list_lock);
 	}
 }
 
···
 	struct f2fs_journal *journal = curseg->journal;
 	int i = 0;
 	nid_t nid = nm_i->next_scan_nid;
+
+	if (unlikely(nid >= nm_i->max_nid))
+		nid = 0;
 
 	/* Enough entries */
 	if (nm_i->nid_cnt[FREE_NID_LIST] >= NAT_ENTRY_PER_BLOCK)
···
 		__insert_nid_to_list(sbi, i, ALLOC_NID_LIST, false);
 		nm_i->available_nids--;
 
-		update_free_nid_bitmap(sbi, *nid, false, false, false);
+		update_free_nid_bitmap(sbi, *nid, false, false);
 
 		spin_unlock(&nm_i->nid_list_lock);
 		return true;
···
 
 	nm_i->available_nids++;
 
-	update_free_nid_bitmap(sbi, nid, true, false, false);
+	update_free_nid_bitmap(sbi, nid, true, false);
 
 	spin_unlock(&nm_i->nid_list_lock);
 
···
 		}
 		raw_nat_from_node_info(raw_ne, &ne->ni);
 		nat_reset_flag(ne);
-		__clear_nat_cache_dirty(NM_I(sbi), ne);
+		__clear_nat_cache_dirty(NM_I(sbi), set, ne);
 		if (nat_get_blkaddr(ne) == NULL_ADDR) {
 			add_free_nid(sbi, nid, false);
 			spin_lock(&NM_I(sbi)->nid_list_lock);
 			NM_I(sbi)->available_nids++;
-			update_free_nid_bitmap(sbi, nid, true, false, false);
+			update_free_nid_bitmap(sbi, nid, true, false);
 			spin_unlock(&NM_I(sbi)->nid_list_lock);
 		} else {
 			spin_lock(&NM_I(sbi)->nid_list_lock);
-			update_free_nid_bitmap(sbi, nid, false, false, false);
+			update_free_nid_bitmap(sbi, nid, false, false);
 			spin_unlock(&NM_I(sbi)->nid_list_lock);
 		}
 	}
···
 		f2fs_put_page(page, 1);
 	}
 
-	f2fs_bug_on(sbi, set->entry_cnt);
-
-	radix_tree_delete(&NM_I(sbi)->nat_set_root, set->set);
-	kmem_cache_free(nat_entry_set_slab, set);
+	/* Allow dirty nats by node block allocation in write_begin */
+	if (!set->entry_cnt) {
+		radix_tree_delete(&NM_I(sbi)->nat_set_root, set->set);
+		kmem_cache_free(nat_entry_set_slab, set);
+	}
 }
 
 /*
···
 		__flush_nat_entry_set(sbi, set, cpc);
 
 	up_write(&nm_i->nat_tree_lock);
-
-	f2fs_bug_on(sbi, nm_i->dirty_nat_cnt);
+	/* Allow dirty nats by node block allocation in write_begin */
 }
 
 static int __get_nat_bitmaps(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi)
···
 		nid = i * NAT_ENTRY_PER_BLOCK;
 		last_nid = (i + 1) * NAT_ENTRY_PER_BLOCK;
 
-		spin_lock(&nm_i->free_nid_lock);
+		spin_lock(&NM_I(sbi)->nid_list_lock);
 		for (; nid < last_nid; nid++)
-			update_free_nid_bitmap(sbi, nid, true, true, true);
-		spin_unlock(&nm_i->free_nid_lock);
+			update_free_nid_bitmap(sbi, nid, true, true);
+		spin_unlock(&NM_I(sbi)->nid_list_lock);
 	}
 
 	for (i = 0; i < nm_i->nat_blocks; i++) {
···
 					sizeof(unsigned short), GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (!nm_i->free_nid_count)
 		return -ENOMEM;
-
-	spin_lock_init(&nm_i->free_nid_lock);
-
 	return 0;
 }
 

fs/f2fs/node.h

···
  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
  */
 /* start node id of a node block dedicated to the given node id */
-#define	START_NID(nid) ((nid / NAT_ENTRY_PER_BLOCK) * NAT_ENTRY_PER_BLOCK)
+#define	START_NID(nid) (((nid) / NAT_ENTRY_PER_BLOCK) * NAT_ENTRY_PER_BLOCK)
 
 /* node block offset on the NAT area dedicated to the given start node id */
-#define	NAT_BLOCK_OFFSET(start_nid) (start_nid / NAT_ENTRY_PER_BLOCK)
+#define	NAT_BLOCK_OFFSET(start_nid) ((start_nid) / NAT_ENTRY_PER_BLOCK)
 
 /* # of pages to perform synchronous readahead before building free nids */
 #define FREE_NID_PAGES	8
···
 	struct node_info ni;	/* in-memory node information */
 };
 
-#define nat_get_nid(nat)		(nat->ni.nid)
-#define nat_set_nid(nat, n)		(nat->ni.nid = n)
-#define nat_get_blkaddr(nat)		(nat->ni.blk_addr)
-#define nat_set_blkaddr(nat, b)		(nat->ni.blk_addr = b)
-#define nat_get_ino(nat)		(nat->ni.ino)
-#define nat_set_ino(nat, i)		(nat->ni.ino = i)
-#define nat_get_version(nat)		(nat->ni.version)
-#define nat_set_version(nat, v)		(nat->ni.version = v)
+#define nat_get_nid(nat)		((nat)->ni.nid)
+#define nat_set_nid(nat, n)		((nat)->ni.nid = (n))
+#define nat_get_blkaddr(nat)		((nat)->ni.blk_addr)
+#define nat_set_blkaddr(nat, b)		((nat)->ni.blk_addr = (b))
+#define nat_get_ino(nat)		((nat)->ni.ino)
+#define nat_set_ino(nat, i)		((nat)->ni.ino = (i))
+#define nat_get_version(nat)		((nat)->ni.version)
+#define nat_set_version(nat, v)		((nat)->ni.version = (v))
 
-#define inc_node_version(version)	(++version)
+#define inc_node_version(version)	(++(version))
 
 static inline void copy_node_info(struct node_info *dst,
 						struct node_info *src)
···
 	struct f2fs_nm_info *nm_i = NM_I(sbi);
 	pgoff_t block_off;
 	pgoff_t block_addr;
-	int seg_off;
 
+	/*
+	 * block_off = segment_off * 512 + off_in_segment
+	 * OLD = (segment_off * 512) * 2 + off_in_segment
+	 * NEW = 2 * (segment_off * 512 + off_in_segment) - off_in_segment
+	 */
 	block_off = NAT_BLOCK_OFFSET(start);
-	seg_off = block_off >> sbi->log_blocks_per_seg;
 
 	block_addr = (pgoff_t)(nm_i->nat_blkaddr +
-		(seg_off << sbi->log_blocks_per_seg << 1) +
+		(block_off << 1) -
 		(block_off & (sbi->blocks_per_seg - 1)));
 
 	if (f2fs_test_bit(block_off, nm_i->nat_bitmap))

fs/f2fs/recovery.c

···
 			ino_of_node(page), name);
 }
 
-static int find_fsync_dnodes(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, struct list_head *head)
+static int find_fsync_dnodes(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, struct list_head *head,
+				bool check_only)
 {
 	struct curseg_info *curseg;
 	struct page *page = NULL;
···
 
 		entry = get_fsync_inode(head, ino_of_node(page));
 		if (!entry) {
-			if (IS_INODE(page) && is_dent_dnode(page)) {
+			if (!check_only &&
+					IS_INODE(page) && is_dent_dnode(page)) {
 				err = recover_inode_page(sbi, page);
 				if (err)
 					break;
···
 	mutex_lock(&sbi->cp_mutex);
 
 	/* step #1: find fsynced inode numbers */
-	err = find_fsync_dnodes(sbi, &inode_list);
+	err = find_fsync_dnodes(sbi, &inode_list, check_only);
 	if (err || list_empty(&inode_list))
 		goto out;
 

fs/f2fs/segment.c

···
 	stat_dec_atomic_write(inode);
 }
 
+void drop_inmem_page(struct inode *inode, struct page *page)
+{
+	struct f2fs_inode_info *fi = F2FS_I(inode);
+	struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi = F2FS_I_SB(inode);
+	struct list_head *head = &fi->inmem_pages;
+	struct inmem_pages *cur = NULL;
+
+	f2fs_bug_on(sbi, !IS_ATOMIC_WRITTEN_PAGE(page));
+
+	mutex_lock(&fi->inmem_lock);
+	list_for_each_entry(cur, head, list) {
+		if (cur->page == page)
+			break;
+	}
+
+	f2fs_bug_on(sbi, !cur || cur->page != page);
+	list_del(&cur->list);
+	mutex_unlock(&fi->inmem_lock);
+
+	dec_page_count(sbi, F2FS_INMEM_PAGES);
+	kmem_cache_free(inmem_entry_slab, cur);
+
+	ClearPageUptodate(page);
+	set_page_private(page, 0);
+	ClearPagePrivate(page);
+	f2fs_put_page(page, 0);
+
+	trace_f2fs_commit_inmem_page(page, INMEM_INVALIDATE);
+}
+
 static int __commit_inmem_pages(struct inode *inode,
 					struct list_head *revoke_list)
 {
···
 		.type = DATA,
 		.op = REQ_OP_WRITE,
 		.op_flags = REQ_SYNC | REQ_PRIO,
-		.encrypted_page = NULL,
 	};
 	pgoff_t last_idx = ULONG_MAX;
 	int err = 0;
···
 			}
 
 			fio.page = page;
+			fio.old_blkaddr = NULL_ADDR;
+			fio.encrypted_page = NULL;
+			fio.need_lock = false,
 			err = do_write_data_page(&fio);
 			if (err) {
 				unlock_page(page);
···
 	}
 #endif
 
-	if (!need)
-		return;
-
 	/* balance_fs_bg is able to be pending */
-	if (excess_cached_nats(sbi))
+	if (need && excess_cached_nats(sbi))
 		f2fs_balance_fs_bg(sbi);
 
 	/*
···
 	 */
 	if (has_not_enough_free_secs(sbi, 0, 0)) {
 		mutex_lock(&sbi->gc_mutex);
-		f2fs_gc(sbi, false, false);
+		f2fs_gc(sbi, false, false, NULL_SEGNO);
 	}
 }
 
···
 	else
 		build_free_nids(sbi, false, false);
 
-	if (!is_idle(sbi))
+	if (!is_idle(sbi) && !excess_dirty_nats(sbi))
 		return;
 
 	/* checkpoint is the only way to shrink partial cached entries */
···
 	}
 }
 
-static int __submit_flush_wait(struct block_device *bdev)
+static int __submit_flush_wait(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi,
+				struct block_device *bdev)
 {
 	struct bio *bio = f2fs_bio_alloc(0);
 	int ret;
 
-	bio->bi_opf = REQ_OP_WRITE | REQ_PREFLUSH;
+	bio->bi_opf = REQ_OP_WRITE | REQ_SYNC | REQ_PREFLUSH;
 	bio->bi_bdev = bdev;
 	ret = submit_bio_wait(bio);
 	bio_put(bio);
+
+	trace_f2fs_issue_flush(bdev, test_opt(sbi, NOBARRIER),
+				test_opt(sbi, FLUSH_MERGE), ret);
 	return ret;
 }
 
 static int submit_flush_wait(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi)
 {
-	int ret = __submit_flush_wait(sbi->sb->s_bdev);
+	int ret = __submit_flush_wait(sbi, sbi->sb->s_bdev);
 	int i;
 
-	if (sbi->s_ndevs && !ret) {
-		for (i = 1; i < sbi->s_ndevs; i++) {
-			trace_f2fs_issue_flush(FDEV(i).bdev,
-					test_opt(sbi, NOBARRIER),
-					test_opt(sbi, FLUSH_MERGE));
-			ret = __submit_flush_wait(FDEV(i).bdev);
-			if (ret)
-				break;
-		}
+	if (!sbi->s_ndevs || ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	for (i = 1; i < sbi->s_ndevs; i++) {
+		ret = __submit_flush_wait(sbi, FDEV(i).bdev);
+		if (ret)
+			break;
 	}
 	return ret;
 }
···
 		fcc->dispatch_list = llist_reverse_order(fcc->dispatch_list);
 
 		ret = submit_flush_wait(sbi);
+		atomic_inc(&fcc->issued_flush);
+
 		llist_for_each_entry_safe(cmd, next,
 					  fcc->dispatch_list, llnode) {
 			cmd->ret = ret;
···
 {
 	struct flush_cmd_control *fcc = SM_I(sbi)->fcc_info;
 	struct flush_cmd cmd;
+	int ret;
 
 	if (test_opt(sbi, NOBARRIER))
 		return 0;
 
-	if (!test_opt(sbi, FLUSH_MERGE))
-		return submit_flush_wait(sbi);
-
-	if (!atomic_read(&fcc->submit_flush)) {
-		int ret;
-
-		atomic_inc(&fcc->submit_flush);
+	if (!test_opt(sbi, FLUSH_MERGE)) {
 		ret = submit_flush_wait(sbi);
-		atomic_dec(&fcc->submit_flush);
+		atomic_inc(&fcc->issued_flush);
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+	if (!atomic_read(&fcc->issing_flush)) {
+		atomic_inc(&fcc->issing_flush);
+		ret = submit_flush_wait(sbi);
+		atomic_dec(&fcc->issing_flush);
+
+		atomic_inc(&fcc->issued_flush);
 		return ret;
 	}
 
 	init_completion(&cmd.wait);
 
-	atomic_inc(&fcc->submit_flush);
+	atomic_inc(&fcc->issing_flush);
 	llist_add(&cmd.llnode, &fcc->issue_list);
 
 	if (!fcc->dispatch_list)
···
 
 	if (fcc->f2fs_issue_flush) {
 		wait_for_completion(&cmd.wait);
-		atomic_dec(&fcc->submit_flush);
+		atomic_dec(&fcc->issing_flush);
 	} else {
 		llist_del_all(&fcc->issue_list);
-		atomic_set(&fcc->submit_flush, 0);
+		atomic_set(&fcc->issing_flush, 0);
 	}
 
 	return cmd.ret;
···
 	fcc = kzalloc(sizeof(struct flush_cmd_control), GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (!fcc)
 		return -ENOMEM;
-	atomic_set(&fcc->submit_flush, 0);
+	atomic_set(&fcc->issued_flush, 0);
+	atomic_set(&fcc->issing_flush, 0);
 	init_waitqueue_head(&fcc->flush_wait_queue);
 	init_llist_head(&fcc->issue_list);
 	SM_I(sbi)->fcc_info = fcc;
···
 		if (test_and_clear_bit(segno, dirty_i->dirty_segmap[t]))
 			dirty_i->nr_dirty[t]--;
 
-		if (get_valid_blocks(sbi, segno, sbi->segs_per_sec) == 0)
-			clear_bit(GET_SECNO(sbi, segno),
+		if (get_valid_blocks(sbi, segno, true) == 0)
+			clear_bit(GET_SEC_FROM_SEG(sbi, segno),
 						dirty_i->victim_secmap);
 	}
 }
···
 
 	mutex_lock(&dirty_i->seglist_lock);
 
-	valid_blocks = get_valid_blocks(sbi, segno, 0);
+	valid_blocks = get_valid_blocks(sbi, segno, false);
 
 	if (valid_blocks == 0) {
 		__locate_dirty_segment(sbi, segno, PRE);
···
 	mutex_unlock(&dirty_i->seglist_lock);
 }
 
-static void __add_discard_cmd(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi,
-			struct bio *bio, block_t lstart, block_t len)
+static struct discard_cmd *__create_discard_cmd(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi,
+		struct block_device *bdev, block_t lstart,
+		block_t start, block_t len)
 {
 	struct discard_cmd_control *dcc = SM_I(sbi)->dcc_info;
-	struct list_head *cmd_list = &(dcc->discard_cmd_list);
+	struct list_head *pend_list;
 	struct discard_cmd *dc;
+
+	f2fs_bug_on(sbi, !len);
+
+	pend_list = &dcc->pend_list[plist_idx(len)];
 
 	dc = f2fs_kmem_cache_alloc(discard_cmd_slab, GFP_NOFS);
 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&dc->list);
-	dc->bio = bio;
-	bio->bi_private = dc;
+	dc->bdev = bdev;
 	dc->lstart = lstart;
+	dc->start = start;
 	dc->len = len;
+	dc->ref = 0;
 	dc->state = D_PREP;
+	dc->error = 0;
 	init_completion(&dc->wait);
+	list_add_tail(&dc->list, pend_list);
+	atomic_inc(&dcc->discard_cmd_cnt);
+	dcc->undiscard_blks += len;
+
+	return dc;
+}
+
+static struct discard_cmd *__attach_discard_cmd(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi,
+				struct block_device *bdev, block_t lstart,
+				block_t start, block_t len,
+				struct rb_node *parent, struct rb_node **p)
+{
+	struct discard_cmd_control *dcc = SM_I(sbi)->dcc_info;
+	struct discard_cmd *dc;
+
+	dc = __create_discard_cmd(sbi, bdev, lstart, start, len);
+
+	rb_link_node(&dc->rb_node, parent, p);
+	rb_insert_color(&dc->rb_node, &dcc->root);
+
+	return dc;
+}
+
+static void __detach_discard_cmd(struct discard_cmd_control *dcc,
+							struct discard_cmd *dc)
+{
+	if (dc->state == D_DONE)
+		atomic_dec(&dcc->issing_discard);
+
+	list_del(&dc->list);
+	rb_erase(&dc->rb_node, &dcc->root);
+	dcc->undiscard_blks -= dc->len;
+
+	kmem_cache_free(discard_cmd_slab, dc);
+
+	atomic_dec(&dcc->discard_cmd_cnt);
+}
+
+static void __remove_discard_cmd(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi,
+							struct discard_cmd *dc)
+{
+	struct discard_cmd_control *dcc = SM_I(sbi)->dcc_info;
+
+	if (dc->error == -EOPNOTSUPP)
+		dc->error = 0;
+
+	if (dc->error)
+		f2fs_msg(sbi->sb, KERN_INFO,
+				"Issue discard failed, ret: %d", dc->error);
+	__detach_discard_cmd(dcc, dc);
+}
+
+static void f2fs_submit_discard_endio(struct bio *bio)
+{
+	struct discard_cmd *dc = (struct discard_cmd *)bio->bi_private;
+
+	dc->error = bio->bi_error;
+	dc->state = D_DONE;
+	complete(&dc->wait);
+	bio_put(bio);
+}
+
+/* this function is copied from blkdev_issue_discard from block/blk-lib.c */
+static void __submit_discard_cmd(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi,
+				struct discard_cmd *dc)
+{
+	struct discard_cmd_control *dcc = SM_I(sbi)->dcc_info;
+	struct bio *bio = NULL;
+
+	if (dc->state != D_PREP)
+		return;
+
+	trace_f2fs_issue_discard(dc->bdev, dc->start, dc->len);
+
+	dc->error = __blkdev_issue_discard(dc->bdev,
+				SECTOR_FROM_BLOCK(dc->start),
+				SECTOR_FROM_BLOCK(dc->len),
+				GFP_NOFS, 0, &bio);
+	if (!dc->error) {
+		/* should keep before submission to avoid D_DONE right away */
+		dc->state = D_SUBMIT;
+		atomic_inc(&dcc->issued_discard);
+		atomic_inc(&dcc->issing_discard);
+		if (bio) {
+			bio->bi_private = dc;
+			bio->bi_end_io = f2fs_submit_discard_endio;
+			bio->bi_opf |= REQ_SYNC;
+			submit_bio(bio);
+			list_move_tail(&dc->list, &dcc->wait_list);
+		}
+	} else {
+		__remove_discard_cmd(sbi, dc);
+	}
+}
+
+static struct discard_cmd *__insert_discard_tree(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi,
+				struct block_device *bdev, block_t lstart,
+				block_t start, block_t len,
+				struct rb_node **insert_p,
+				struct rb_node *insert_parent)
+{
+	struct discard_cmd_control *dcc = SM_I(sbi)->dcc_info;
+	struct rb_node **p = &dcc->root.rb_node;
+	struct rb_node *parent = NULL;
+	struct discard_cmd *dc = NULL;
+
+	if (insert_p && insert_parent) {
+		parent = insert_parent;
+		p = insert_p;
+		goto do_insert;
+	}
+
+	p = __lookup_rb_tree_for_insert(sbi, &dcc->root, &parent, lstart);
+do_insert:
+	dc = __attach_discard_cmd(sbi, bdev, lstart, start, len, parent, p);
+	if (!dc)
+		return NULL;
+
+	return dc;
+}
+
+static void __relocate_discard_cmd(struct discard_cmd_control *dcc,
+						struct discard_cmd *dc)
+{
+	list_move_tail(&dc->list, &dcc->pend_list[plist_idx(dc->len)]);
+}
+
+static void __punch_discard_cmd(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi,
+				struct discard_cmd *dc, block_t blkaddr)
+{
+	struct discard_cmd_control *dcc = SM_I(sbi)->dcc_info;
+	struct discard_info di = dc->di;
+	bool modified = false;
+
+	if (dc->state == D_DONE || dc->len == 1) {
+		__remove_discard_cmd(sbi, dc);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	dcc->undiscard_blks -= di.len;
+
+	if (blkaddr > di.lstart) {
+		dc->len = blkaddr - dc->lstart;
+		dcc->undiscard_blks += dc->len;
+		__relocate_discard_cmd(dcc, dc);
+		f2fs_bug_on(sbi, !__check_rb_tree_consistence(sbi, &dcc->root));
+		modified = true;
+	}
+
+	if (blkaddr < di.lstart + di.len - 1) {
+		if (modified) {
+			__insert_discard_tree(sbi, dc->bdev, blkaddr + 1,
+					di.start + blkaddr + 1 - di.lstart,
+					di.lstart + di.len - 1 - blkaddr,
+					NULL, NULL);
+			f2fs_bug_on(sbi,
+				!__check_rb_tree_consistence(sbi, &dcc->root));
+		} else {
+			dc->lstart++;
+			dc->len--;
+			dc->start++;
+			dcc->undiscard_blks += dc->len;
+			__relocate_discard_cmd(dcc, dc);
+			f2fs_bug_on(sbi,
+				!__check_rb_tree_consistence(sbi, &dcc->root));
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static void __update_discard_tree_range(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi,
+				struct block_device *bdev, block_t lstart,
+				block_t start, block_t len)
+{
+	struct discard_cmd_control *dcc = SM_I(sbi)->dcc_info;
+	struct discard_cmd *prev_dc = NULL, *next_dc = NULL;
+	struct discard_cmd *dc;
+	struct discard_info di = {0};
+	struct rb_node **insert_p = NULL, *insert_parent = NULL;
+	block_t end = lstart + len;
 
 	mutex_lock(&dcc->cmd_lock);
-	list_add_tail(&dc->list, cmd_list);
+
+	dc = (struct discard_cmd *)__lookup_rb_tree_ret(&dcc->root,
+					NULL, lstart,
+					(struct rb_entry **)&prev_dc,
+					(struct rb_entry **)&next_dc,
+					&insert_p, &insert_parent, true);
+	if (dc)
+		prev_dc = dc;
+
+	if (!prev_dc) {
+		di.lstart = lstart;
+		di.len = next_dc ? next_dc->lstart - lstart : len;
+		di.len = min(di.len, len);
+		di.start = start;
+	}
+
+	while (1) {
+		struct rb_node *node;
+		bool merged = false;
+		struct discard_cmd *tdc = NULL;
+
+		if (prev_dc) {
+			di.lstart = prev_dc->lstart + prev_dc->len;
+			if (di.lstart < lstart)
+				di.lstart = lstart;
+			if (di.lstart >= end)
+				break;
+
+			if (!next_dc || next_dc->lstart > end)
+				di.len = end - di.lstart;
+			else
+				di.len = next_dc->lstart - di.lstart;
+			di.start = start + di.lstart - lstart;
+		}
+
+		if (!di.len)
+			goto next;
+
+		if (prev_dc && prev_dc->state == D_PREP &&
+			prev_dc->bdev == bdev &&
+			__is_discard_back_mergeable(&di, &prev_dc->di)) {
+			prev_dc->di.len += di.len;
+			dcc->undiscard_blks += di.len;
+			__relocate_discard_cmd(dcc, prev_dc);
+			f2fs_bug_on(sbi,
+				!__check_rb_tree_consistence(sbi, &dcc->root));
+			di = prev_dc->di;
+			tdc = prev_dc;
+			merged = true;
+		}
+
+		if (next_dc && next_dc->state == D_PREP &&
+			next_dc->bdev == bdev &&
+			__is_discard_front_mergeable(&di, &next_dc->di)) {
+			next_dc->di.lstart = di.lstart;
+			next_dc->di.len += di.len;
+			next_dc->di.start = di.start;
+			dcc->undiscard_blks += di.len;
+			__relocate_discard_cmd(dcc, next_dc);
+			if (tdc)
+				__remove_discard_cmd(sbi, tdc);
+			f2fs_bug_on(sbi,
+				!__check_rb_tree_consistence(sbi, &dcc->root));
+			merged = true;
+		}
+
+		if (!merged) {
+			__insert_discard_tree(sbi, bdev, di.lstart, di.start,
+							di.len, NULL, NULL);
+			f2fs_bug_on(sbi,
+				!__check_rb_tree_consistence(sbi, &dcc->root));
+		}
+ next:
+		prev_dc = next_dc;
+		if (!prev_dc)
+			break;
+
+		node = rb_next(&prev_dc->rb_node);
+		next_dc = rb_entry_safe(node, struct discard_cmd, rb_node);
+	}
+
 	mutex_unlock(&dcc->cmd_lock);
 }
 
-static void __remove_discard_cmd(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, struct discard_cmd *dc)
+static int __queue_discard_cmd(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi,
+		struct block_device *bdev, block_t blkstart, block_t blklen)
 {
-	int err = dc->bio->bi_error;
+	block_t lblkstart = blkstart;
 
-	if (dc->state == D_DONE)
-		atomic_dec(&(SM_I(sbi)->dcc_info->submit_discard));
+	trace_f2fs_queue_discard(bdev, blkstart, blklen);
 
-	if (err == -EOPNOTSUPP)
-		err = 0;
+	if (sbi->s_ndevs) {
+		int devi = f2fs_target_device_index(sbi, blkstart);
 
-	if (err)
-		f2fs_msg(sbi->sb, KERN_INFO,
-				"Issue discard failed, ret: %d", err);
-	bio_put(dc->bio);
-	list_del(&dc->list);
-	kmem_cache_free(discard_cmd_slab, dc);
+		blkstart -= FDEV(devi).start_blk;
+	}
+	__update_discard_tree_range(sbi, bdev, lblkstart, blkstart, blklen);
+	return 0;
 }
 
-/* This should be covered by global mutex, &sit_i->sentry_lock */
-void f2fs_wait_discard_bio(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, block_t blkaddr)
+static void __issue_discard_cmd(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, bool issue_cond)
 {
 	struct discard_cmd_control *dcc = SM_I(sbi)->dcc_info;
-	struct list_head *wait_list = &(dcc->discard_cmd_list);
+	struct list_head *pend_list;
 	struct discard_cmd *dc, *tmp;
 	struct blk_plug plug;
+	int i, iter = 0;
 
 	mutex_lock(&dcc->cmd_lock);
-
 	blk_start_plug(&plug);
+	for (i = MAX_PLIST_NUM - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+		pend_list = &dcc->pend_list[i];
+		list_for_each_entry_safe(dc, tmp, pend_list, list) {
+			f2fs_bug_on(sbi, dc->state != D_PREP);
 
-	list_for_each_entry_safe(dc, tmp, wait_list, list) {
-
-		if (blkaddr == NULL_ADDR) {
-			if (dc->state == D_PREP) {
-				dc->state = D_SUBMIT;
-				submit_bio(dc->bio);
-				atomic_inc(&dcc->submit_discard);
-			}
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		if (dc->lstart <= blkaddr && blkaddr < dc->lstart + dc->len) {
-			if (dc->state == D_SUBMIT)
-				wait_for_completion_io(&dc->wait);
-			else
-				__remove_discard_cmd(sbi, dc);
+			if (!issue_cond || is_idle(sbi))
+				__submit_discard_cmd(sbi, dc);
+			if (issue_cond && iter++ > DISCARD_ISSUE_RATE)
+				goto out;
 		}
 	}
+out:
 	blk_finish_plug(&plug);
+	mutex_unlock(&dcc->cmd_lock);
+}
 
-	/* this comes from f2fs_put_super */
-	if (blkaddr == NULL_ADDR) {
-		list_for_each_entry_safe(dc, tmp, wait_list, list) {
+static void __wait_discard_cmd(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, bool wait_cond)
+{
+	struct discard_cmd_control *dcc = SM_I(sbi)->dcc_info;
+	struct list_head *wait_list = &(dcc->wait_list);
+	struct discard_cmd *dc, *tmp;
+
+	mutex_lock(&dcc->cmd_lock);
+	list_for_each_entry_safe(dc, tmp, wait_list, list) {
+		if (!wait_cond || dc->state == D_DONE) {
+			if (dc->ref)
+				continue;
 			wait_for_completion_io(&dc->wait);
 			__remove_discard_cmd(sbi, dc);
 		}
···
 	mutex_unlock(&dcc->cmd_lock);
 }
 
-static void f2fs_submit_discard_endio(struct bio *bio)
+/* This should be covered by global mutex, &sit_i->sentry_lock */
+void f2fs_wait_discard_bio(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, block_t blkaddr)
 {
-	struct discard_cmd *dc = (struct discard_cmd *)bio->bi_private;
+	struct discard_cmd_control *dcc = SM_I(sbi)->dcc_info;
+	struct discard_cmd *dc;
+	bool need_wait = false;
 
-	complete(&dc->wait);
-	dc->state = D_DONE;
+	mutex_lock(&dcc->cmd_lock);
+	dc = (struct discard_cmd *)__lookup_rb_tree(&dcc->root, NULL, blkaddr);
+	if (dc) {
+		if (dc->state == D_PREP) {
+			__punch_discard_cmd(sbi, dc, blkaddr);
+		} else {
+			dc->ref++;
+			need_wait = true;
+		}
+	}
+	mutex_unlock(&dcc->cmd_lock);
+
+	if (need_wait) {
+		wait_for_completion_io(&dc->wait);
+		mutex_lock(&dcc->cmd_lock);
+		f2fs_bug_on(sbi, dc->state != D_DONE);
+		dc->ref--;
+		if (!dc->ref)
+			__remove_discard_cmd(sbi, dc);
+		mutex_unlock(&dcc->cmd_lock);
+	}
+}
+
+/* This comes from f2fs_put_super */
+void f2fs_wait_discard_bios(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi)
+{
+	__issue_discard_cmd(sbi, false);
+	__wait_discard_cmd(sbi, false);
 }
 
 static int issue_discard_thread(void *data)
···
 	struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi = data;
 	struct discard_cmd_control *dcc = SM_I(sbi)->dcc_info;
 	wait_queue_head_t *q = &dcc->discard_wait_queue;
-	struct list_head *cmd_list = &dcc->discard_cmd_list;
-	struct discard_cmd *dc, *tmp;
-	struct blk_plug plug;
-	int iter = 0;
 repeat:
 	if (kthread_should_stop())
 		return 0;
 
-	blk_start_plug(&plug);
+	__issue_discard_cmd(sbi, true);
+	__wait_discard_cmd(sbi, true);
 
-	mutex_lock(&dcc->cmd_lock);
-	list_for_each_entry_safe(dc, tmp, cmd_list, list) {
-		if (dc->state == D_PREP) {
-			dc->state = D_SUBMIT;
-			submit_bio(dc->bio);
-			atomic_inc(&dcc->submit_discard);
-			if (iter++ > DISCARD_ISSUE_RATE)
-				break;
-		} else if (dc->state == D_DONE) {
-			__remove_discard_cmd(sbi, dc);
-		}
-	}
-	mutex_unlock(&dcc->cmd_lock);
-
-	blk_finish_plug(&plug);
-
-	iter = 0;
 	congestion_wait(BLK_RW_SYNC, HZ/50);
 
-	wait_event_interruptible(*q,
-		kthread_should_stop() || !list_empty(&dcc->discard_cmd_list));
+	wait_event_interruptible(*q, kthread_should_stop() ||
+				atomic_read(&dcc->discard_cmd_cnt));
 	goto repeat;
-}
-
-
-/* this function is copied from blkdev_issue_discard from block/blk-lib.c */
-static int __f2fs_issue_discard_async(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi,
-		struct block_device *bdev, block_t blkstart, block_t blklen)
-{
-	struct bio *bio = NULL;
-	block_t lblkstart = blkstart;
-	int err;
-
-	trace_f2fs_issue_discard(bdev, blkstart, blklen);
-
-	if (sbi->s_ndevs) {
-		int devi = f2fs_target_device_index(sbi, blkstart);
-
-		blkstart -= FDEV(devi).start_blk;
-	}
-	err = __blkdev_issue_discard(bdev,
-				SECTOR_FROM_BLOCK(blkstart),
-				SECTOR_FROM_BLOCK(blklen),
-				GFP_NOFS, 0, &bio);
-	if (!err && bio) {
-		bio->bi_end_io = f2fs_submit_discard_endio;
-		bio->bi_opf |= REQ_SYNC;
-
-		__add_discard_cmd(sbi, bio, lblkstart, blklen);
-		wake_up(&SM_I(sbi)->dcc_info->discard_wait_queue);
-	}
-	return err;
 }
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_ZONED
···
 		struct block_device *bdev, block_t blkstart, block_t blklen)
 {
 	sector_t sector, nr_sects;
+	block_t lblkstart = blkstart;
 	int devi = 0;
 
 	if (sbi->s_ndevs) {
···
 	case BLK_ZONE_TYPE_CONVENTIONAL:
 		if (!blk_queue_discard(bdev_get_queue(bdev)))
 			return 0;
-		return __f2fs_issue_discard_async(sbi, bdev, blkstart, blklen);
+		return __queue_discard_cmd(sbi, bdev, lblkstart, blklen);
 	case BLK_ZONE_TYPE_SEQWRITE_REQ:
 	case BLK_ZONE_TYPE_SEQWRITE_PREF:
 		sector = SECTOR_FROM_BLOCK(blkstart);
···
 				bdev_zoned_model(bdev) != BLK_ZONED_NONE)
 		return __f2fs_issue_discard_zone(sbi, bdev, blkstart, blklen);
 #endif
-	return __f2fs_issue_discard_async(sbi, bdev, blkstart, blklen);
+	return __queue_discard_cmd(sbi, bdev, blkstart, blklen);
 }
 
 static int f2fs_issue_discard(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi,
···
 	return err;
 }
 
-static void __add_discard_entry(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi,
-		struct cp_control *cpc, struct seg_entry *se,
-		unsigned int start, unsigned int end)
-{
-	struct list_head *head = &SM_I(sbi)->dcc_info->discard_entry_list;
-	struct discard_entry *new, *last;
-
-	if (!list_empty(head)) {
-		last = list_last_entry(head, struct discard_entry, list);
-		if (START_BLOCK(sbi, cpc->trim_start) + start ==
-				last->blkaddr + last->len &&
-				last->len < MAX_DISCARD_BLOCKS(sbi)) {
-			last->len += end - start;
-			goto done;
-		}
-	}
-
-	new = f2fs_kmem_cache_alloc(discard_entry_slab, GFP_NOFS);
-	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&new->list);
-	new->blkaddr = START_BLOCK(sbi, cpc->trim_start) + start;
-	new->len = end - start;
-	list_add_tail(&new->list, head);
-done:
-	SM_I(sbi)->dcc_info->nr_discards += end - start;
-}
-
 static bool add_discard_addrs(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, struct cp_control *cpc,
 							bool check_only)
 {
···
 	unsigned long *discard_map = (unsigned long *)se->discard_map;
 	unsigned long *dmap = SIT_I(sbi)->tmp_map;
 	unsigned int start = 0, end = -1;
-	bool force = (cpc->reason == CP_DISCARD);
+	bool force = (cpc->reason & CP_DISCARD);
+	struct discard_entry *de = NULL;
+	struct list_head *head = &SM_I(sbi)->dcc_info->entry_list;
 	int i;
 
 	if (se->valid_blocks == max_blocks || !f2fs_discard_en(sbi))
···
 		if (check_only)
 			return true;
 
-		__add_discard_entry(sbi, cpc, se, start, end);
+		if (!de) {
+			de = f2fs_kmem_cache_alloc(discard_entry_slab,
+								GFP_F2FS_ZERO);
+			de->start_blkaddr = START_BLOCK(sbi, cpc->trim_start);
+			list_add_tail(&de->list, head);
+		}
+
+		for (i = start; i < end; i++)
+			__set_bit_le(i, (void *)de->discard_map);
+
+		SM_I(sbi)->dcc_info->nr_discards += end - start;
 	}
 	return false;
 }
 
 void release_discard_addrs(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi)
 {
-	struct list_head *head = &(SM_I(sbi)->dcc_info->discard_entry_list);
+	struct list_head *head = &(SM_I(sbi)->dcc_info->entry_list);
 	struct discard_entry *entry, *this;
 
 	/* drop caches */
···
 
 void clear_prefree_segments(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, struct cp_control *cpc)
 {
-	struct list_head *head = &(SM_I(sbi)->dcc_info->discard_entry_list);
+	struct list_head *head = &(SM_I(sbi)->dcc_info->entry_list);
 	struct discard_entry *entry, *this;
 	struct dirty_seglist_info *dirty_i = DIRTY_I(sbi);
 	unsigned long *prefree_map = dirty_i->dirty_segmap[PRE];
 	unsigned int start = 0, end = -1;
 	unsigned int secno, start_segno;
-	bool force = (cpc->reason == CP_DISCARD);
+	bool force = (cpc->reason & CP_DISCARD);
 
 	mutex_lock(&dirty_i->seglist_lock);
 
···
 			continue;
 		}
 next:
-		secno = GET_SECNO(sbi, start);
-		start_segno = secno * sbi->segs_per_sec;
+		secno = GET_SEC_FROM_SEG(sbi, start);
+		start_segno = GET_SEG_FROM_SEC(sbi, secno);
 		if (!IS_CURSEC(sbi, secno) &&
-			!get_valid_blocks(sbi, start, sbi->segs_per_sec))
+			!get_valid_blocks(sbi, start, true))
 			f2fs_issue_discard(sbi, START_BLOCK(sbi, start_segno),
 				sbi->segs_per_sec << sbi->log_blocks_per_seg);
 
···
 
 	/* send small discards */
 	list_for_each_entry_safe(entry, this, head, list) {
-		if (force && entry->len < cpc->trim_minlen)
-			goto skip;
-		f2fs_issue_discard(sbi, entry->blkaddr, entry->len);
-		cpc->trimmed += entry->len;
+		unsigned int cur_pos = 0, next_pos, len, total_len = 0;
+		bool is_valid = test_bit_le(0, entry->discard_map);
+
+find_next:
+		if (is_valid) {
+			next_pos = find_next_zero_bit_le(entry->discard_map,
+					sbi->blocks_per_seg, cur_pos);
+			len = next_pos - cur_pos;
+
+			if (force && len < cpc->trim_minlen)
+				goto skip;
+
+			f2fs_issue_discard(sbi, entry->start_blkaddr + cur_pos,
+									len);
+			cpc->trimmed += len;
+			total_len += len;
+		} else {
+			next_pos = find_next_bit_le(entry->discard_map,
+					sbi->blocks_per_seg, cur_pos);
+		}
 skip:
+		cur_pos = next_pos;
+		is_valid = !is_valid;
+
+		if (cur_pos < sbi->blocks_per_seg)
+			goto find_next;
+
 		list_del(&entry->list);
-		SM_I(sbi)->dcc_info->nr_discards -= entry->len;
+		SM_I(sbi)->dcc_info->nr_discards -= total_len;
 		kmem_cache_free(discard_entry_slab, entry);
 	}
+
+	wake_up(&SM_I(sbi)->dcc_info->discard_wait_queue);
 }
 
 static int create_discard_cmd_control(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi)
 {
 	dev_t dev = sbi->sb->s_bdev->bd_dev;
 	struct discard_cmd_control *dcc;
-	int err = 0;
+	int err = 0, i;
 
 	if (SM_I(sbi)->dcc_info) {
 		dcc = SM_I(sbi)->dcc_info;
···
 	if (!dcc)
 		return -ENOMEM;
 
-	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&dcc->discard_entry_list);
-	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&dcc->discard_cmd_list);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&dcc->entry_list);
+	for (i = 0; i < MAX_PLIST_NUM; i++)
+		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&dcc->pend_list[i]);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&dcc->wait_list);
 	mutex_init(&dcc->cmd_lock);
-	atomic_set(&dcc->submit_discard, 0);
+	atomic_set(&dcc->issued_discard, 0);
+	atomic_set(&dcc->issing_discard, 0);
+	atomic_set(&dcc->discard_cmd_cnt, 0);
 	dcc->nr_discards = 0;
-	dcc->max_discards = 0;
+	dcc->max_discards = MAIN_SEGS(sbi) << sbi->log_blocks_per_seg;
+	dcc->undiscard_blks = 0;
+	dcc->root = RB_ROOT;
 
 	init_waitqueue_head(&dcc->discard_wait_queue);
 	SM_I(sbi)->dcc_info = dcc;
···
 	return err;
 }
 
-static void destroy_discard_cmd_control(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, bool free)
+static void destroy_discard_cmd_control(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi)
 {
 	struct discard_cmd_control *dcc = SM_I(sbi)->dcc_info;
 
-	if (dcc && dcc->f2fs_issue_discard) {
+	if (!dcc)
+		return;
+
+	if (dcc->f2fs_issue_discard) {
 		struct task_struct *discard_thread = dcc->f2fs_issue_discard;
 
 		dcc->f2fs_issue_discard = NULL;
 		kthread_stop(discard_thread);
 	}
-	if (free) {
-		kfree(dcc);
-		SM_I(sbi)->dcc_info = NULL;
-	}
+
+	kfree(dcc);
+	SM_I(sbi)->dcc_info = NULL;
 }
 
 static bool __mark_sit_entry_dirty(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, unsigned int segno)
···
 	f2fs_put_page(page, 1);
 }
 
+static int is_next_segment_free(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, int type)
+{
+	struct curseg_info *curseg = CURSEG_I(sbi, type);
+	unsigned int segno = curseg->segno + 1;
+	struct free_segmap_info *free_i = FREE_I(sbi);
+
+	if (segno < MAIN_SEGS(sbi) && segno % sbi->segs_per_sec)
+		return !test_bit(segno, free_i->free_segmap);
+	return 0;
+}
+
 /*
  * Find a new segment from the free segments bitmap to right order
  * This function should be returned with success, otherwise BUG
···
 	struct free_segmap_info *free_i = FREE_I(sbi);
 	unsigned int segno, secno, zoneno;
 	unsigned int total_zones = MAIN_SECS(sbi) / sbi->secs_per_zone;
-	unsigned int hint = *newseg / sbi->segs_per_sec;
-	unsigned int old_zoneno = GET_ZONENO_FROM_SEGNO(sbi, *newseg);
+	unsigned int hint = GET_SEC_FROM_SEG(sbi, *newseg);
+	unsigned int old_zoneno = GET_ZONE_FROM_SEG(sbi, *newseg);
 	unsigned int left_start = hint;
 	bool init = true;
 	int go_left = 0;
···
 
 	if (!new_sec && ((*newseg + 1) % sbi->segs_per_sec)) {
 		segno = find_next_zero_bit(free_i->free_segmap,
-				(hint + 1) * sbi->segs_per_sec, *newseg + 1);
-		if (segno < (hint + 1) * sbi->segs_per_sec)
+			GET_SEG_FROM_SEC(sbi, hint + 1), *newseg + 1);
+		if (segno < GET_SEG_FROM_SEC(sbi, hint + 1))
 			goto got_it;
 	}
 find_other_zone:
···
 	secno = left_start;
 skip_left:
 	hint = secno;
-	segno = secno * sbi->segs_per_sec;
-	zoneno = secno / sbi->secs_per_zone;
+	segno = GET_SEG_FROM_SEC(sbi, secno);
+	zoneno = GET_ZONE_FROM_SEC(sbi, secno);
 
 	/* give up on finding another zone */
 	if (!init)
···
 	struct summary_footer *sum_footer;
 
 	curseg->segno = curseg->next_segno;
-	curseg->zone = GET_ZONENO_FROM_SEGNO(sbi, curseg->segno);
+	curseg->zone = GET_ZONE_FROM_SEG(sbi, curseg->segno);
 	curseg->next_blkoff = 0;
 	curseg->next_segno = NULL_SEGNO;
 
···
 	if (IS_NODESEG(type))
 		SET_SUM_TYPE(sum_footer, SUM_TYPE_NODE);
 	__set_sit_entry_type(sbi, type, curseg->segno, modified);
+}
+
+static unsigned int __get_next_segno(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, int type)
+{
+	/* if segs_per_sec is large than 1, we need to keep original policy. */
+	if (sbi->segs_per_sec != 1)
+		return CURSEG_I(sbi, type)->segno;
+
+	if (type == CURSEG_HOT_DATA || IS_NODESEG(type))
+		return 0;
+
+	if (SIT_I(sbi)->last_victim[ALLOC_NEXT])
+		return SIT_I(sbi)->last_victim[ALLOC_NEXT];
+	return CURSEG_I(sbi, type)->segno;
 }
 
 /*
···
 	if (test_opt(sbi, NOHEAP))
 		dir = ALLOC_RIGHT;
 
+	segno = __get_next_segno(sbi, type);
 	get_new_segment(sbi, &segno, new_sec, dir);
 	curseg->next_segno = segno;
 	reset_curseg(sbi, type, 1);
···
 {
 	struct curseg_info *curseg = CURSEG_I(sbi, type);
 	const struct victim_selection *v_ops = DIRTY_I(sbi)->v_ops;
+	unsigned segno = NULL_SEGNO;
 	int i, cnt;
 	bool reversed = false;
 
 	/* need_SSR() already forces to do this */
-	if (v_ops->get_victim(sbi, &(curseg)->next_segno, BG_GC, type, SSR))
+	if (v_ops->get_victim(sbi, &segno, BG_GC, type, SSR)) {
+		curseg->next_segno = segno;
 		return 1;
+	}
 
 	/* For node segments, let's do SSR more intensively */
 	if (IS_NODESEG(type)) {
···
 	for (; cnt-- > 0; reversed ? i-- : i++) {
 		if (i == type)
 			continue;
-		if (v_ops->get_victim(sbi, &(curseg)->next_segno,
-						BG_GC, i, SSR))
+		if (v_ops->get_victim(sbi, &segno, BG_GC, i, SSR)) {
+			curseg->next_segno = segno;
 			return 1;
+		}
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
···
 static void allocate_segment_by_default(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi,
 						int type, bool force)
 {
+	struct curseg_info *curseg = CURSEG_I(sbi, type);
+
 	if (force)
 		new_curseg(sbi, type, true);
 	else if (!is_set_ckpt_flags(sbi, CP_CRC_RECOVERY_FLAG) &&
 					type == CURSEG_WARM_NODE)
+		new_curseg(sbi, type, false);
+	else if (curseg->alloc_type == LFS && is_next_segment_free(sbi, type))
 		new_curseg(sbi, type, false);
 	else if (need_SSR(sbi) && get_ssr_segment(sbi, type))
 		change_curseg(sbi, type, true);
 	else
 		new_curseg(sbi, type, false);
 
-	stat_inc_seg_type(sbi, CURSEG_I(sbi, type));
+	stat_inc_seg_type(sbi, curseg);
 }
 
 void allocate_new_segments(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi)
···
 	if (p_type == DATA) {
 		struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host;
 
-		if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode))
-			return CURSEG_HOT_DATA;
-		else if (is_cold_data(page) || file_is_cold(inode))
+		if (is_cold_data(page) || file_is_cold(inode))
 			return CURSEG_COLD_DATA;
-		else
-			return CURSEG_WARM_DATA;
+		if (is_inode_flag_set(inode, FI_HOT_DATA))
+			return CURSEG_HOT_DATA;
+		return CURSEG_WARM_DATA;
 	} else {
 		if (IS_DNODE(page))
 			return is_cold_node(page) ? CURSEG_WARM_NODE :
 						CURSEG_HOT_NODE;
-		else
-			return CURSEG_COLD_NODE;
+		return CURSEG_COLD_NODE;
 	}
 }
 
···
 
 	stat_inc_block_count(sbi, curseg);
 
-	/*
-	 * SIT information should be updated before segment allocation,
-	 * since SSR needs latest valid block information.
-	 */
-	refresh_sit_entry(sbi, old_blkaddr, *new_blkaddr);
-
 	if (!__has_curseg_space(sbi, type))
 		sit_i->s_ops->allocate_segment(sbi, type, false);
+	/*
+	 * SIT information should be updated after segment allocation,
+	 * since we need to keep dirty segments precisely under SSR.
+	 */
+	refresh_sit_entry(sbi, old_blkaddr, *new_blkaddr);
 
 	mutex_unlock(&sit_i->sentry_lock);
 
···
 	f2fs_update_data_blkaddr(dn, fio->new_blkaddr);
 }
 
-void rewrite_data_page(struct f2fs_io_info *fio)
+int rewrite_data_page(struct f2fs_io_info *fio)
 {
 	fio->new_blkaddr = fio->old_blkaddr;
 	stat_inc_inplace_blocks(fio->sbi);
-	f2fs_submit_page_mbio(fio);
+	return f2fs_submit_page_bio(fio);
 }
 
 void __f2fs_replace_block(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, struct f2fs_summary *sum,
···
 			se = get_seg_entry(sbi, segno);
 
 			/* add discard candidates */
-			if (cpc->reason != CP_DISCARD) {
+			if (!(cpc->reason & CP_DISCARD)) {
 				cpc->trim_start = segno;
 				add_discard_addrs(sbi, cpc, false);
 			}
···
 	f2fs_bug_on(sbi, !list_empty(head));
 	f2fs_bug_on(sbi, sit_i->dirty_sentries);
 out:
-	if (cpc->reason == CP_DISCARD) {
+	if (cpc->reason & CP_DISCARD) {
 		__u64 trim_start = cpc->trim_start;
 
 		for (; cpc->trim_start <= cpc->trim_end; cpc->trim_start++)
···
 
 			/* build discard map only one time */
 			if (f2fs_discard_en(sbi)) {
-				memcpy(se->discard_map, se->cur_valid_map,
-							SIT_VBLOCK_MAP_SIZE);
-				sbi->discard_blks += sbi->blocks_per_seg -
-							se->valid_blocks;
+				if (is_set_ckpt_flags(sbi, CP_TRIMMED_FLAG)) {
+					memset(se->discard_map, 0xff,
+						SIT_VBLOCK_MAP_SIZE);
+				} else {
+					memcpy(se->discard_map,
+						se->cur_valid_map,
+						SIT_VBLOCK_MAP_SIZE);
+					sbi->discard_blks +=
+						sbi->blocks_per_seg -
+						se->valid_blocks;
+				}
 			}
 
 			if (sbi->segs_per_sec > 1)
···
 		seg_info_from_raw_sit(se, &sit);
 
 		if (f2fs_discard_en(sbi)) {
-			memcpy(se->discard_map, se->cur_valid_map,
-						SIT_VBLOCK_MAP_SIZE);
-			sbi->discard_blks += old_valid_blocks -
-						se->valid_blocks;
+			if (is_set_ckpt_flags(sbi, CP_TRIMMED_FLAG)) {
+				memset(se->discard_map, 0xff,
+							SIT_VBLOCK_MAP_SIZE);
+			} else {
+				memcpy(se->discard_map, se->cur_valid_map,
+							SIT_VBLOCK_MAP_SIZE);
+				sbi->discard_blks += old_valid_blocks -
+							se->valid_blocks;
+			}
 		}
 
 		if (sbi->segs_per_sec > 1)
···
 		if (segno >= MAIN_SEGS(sbi))
 			break;
 		offset = segno + 1;
-		valid_blocks = get_valid_blocks(sbi, segno, 0);
+		valid_blocks = get_valid_blocks(sbi, segno, false);
 		if (valid_blocks == sbi->blocks_per_seg || !valid_blocks)
 			continue;
 		if (valid_blocks > sbi->blocks_per_seg) {
···
 		sm_info->ipu_policy = 1 << F2FS_IPU_FSYNC;
 	sm_info->min_ipu_util = DEF_MIN_IPU_UTIL;
 	sm_info->min_fsync_blocks = DEF_MIN_FSYNC_BLOCKS;
+	sm_info->min_hot_blocks = DEF_MIN_HOT_BLOCKS;
 
 	sm_info->trim_sections = DEF_BATCHED_TRIM_SECTIONS;
 
···
 	if (!sm_info)
 		return;
 	destroy_flush_cmd_control(sbi, true);
-	destroy_discard_cmd_control(sbi, true);
+	destroy_discard_cmd_control(sbi);
 	destroy_dirty_segmap(sbi);
 	destroy_curseg(sbi);
 	destroy_free_segmap(sbi);

fs/f2fs/segment.h

···
 #define F2FS_MIN_SEGMENTS	9 /* SB + 2 (CP + SIT + NAT) + SSA + MAIN */
 
 /* L: Logical segment # in volume, R: Relative segment # in main area */
-#define GET_L2R_SEGNO(free_i, segno)	(segno - free_i->start_segno)
-#define GET_R2L_SEGNO(free_i, segno)	(segno + free_i->start_segno)
+#define GET_L2R_SEGNO(free_i, segno)	((segno) - (free_i)->start_segno)
+#define GET_R2L_SEGNO(free_i, segno)	((segno) + (free_i)->start_segno)
 
-#define IS_DATASEG(t)	(t <= CURSEG_COLD_DATA)
-#define IS_NODESEG(t)	(t >= CURSEG_HOT_NODE)
+#define IS_DATASEG(t)	((t) <= CURSEG_COLD_DATA)
+#define IS_NODESEG(t)	((t) >= CURSEG_HOT_NODE)
 
 #define IS_CURSEG(sbi, seg)						\
-	((seg == CURSEG_I(sbi, CURSEG_HOT_DATA)->segno) ||	\
-	 (seg == CURSEG_I(sbi, CURSEG_WARM_DATA)->segno) ||	\
-	 (seg == CURSEG_I(sbi, CURSEG_COLD_DATA)->segno) ||	\
-	 (seg == CURSEG_I(sbi, CURSEG_HOT_NODE)->segno) ||	\
-	 (seg == CURSEG_I(sbi, CURSEG_WARM_NODE)->segno) ||	\
-	 (seg == CURSEG_I(sbi, CURSEG_COLD_NODE)->segno))
+	(((seg) == CURSEG_I(sbi, CURSEG_HOT_DATA)->segno) ||	\
+	 ((seg) == CURSEG_I(sbi, CURSEG_WARM_DATA)->segno) ||	\
+	 ((seg) == CURSEG_I(sbi, CURSEG_COLD_DATA)->segno) ||	\
+	 ((seg) == CURSEG_I(sbi, CURSEG_HOT_NODE)->segno) ||	\
+	 ((seg) == CURSEG_I(sbi, CURSEG_WARM_NODE)->segno) ||	\
+	 ((seg) == CURSEG_I(sbi, CURSEG_COLD_NODE)->segno))
 
 #define IS_CURSEC(sbi, secno)						\
-	((secno == CURSEG_I(sbi, CURSEG_HOT_DATA)->segno /		\
-	  sbi->segs_per_sec) ||	\
-	 (secno == CURSEG_I(sbi, CURSEG_WARM_DATA)->segno /		\
-	  sbi->segs_per_sec) ||	\
-	 (secno == CURSEG_I(sbi, CURSEG_COLD_DATA)->segno /		\
-	  sbi->segs_per_sec) ||	\
-	 (secno == CURSEG_I(sbi, CURSEG_HOT_NODE)->segno /		\
-	  sbi->segs_per_sec) ||	\
-	 (secno == CURSEG_I(sbi, CURSEG_WARM_NODE)->segno /		\
-	  sbi->segs_per_sec) ||	\
-	 (secno == CURSEG_I(sbi, CURSEG_COLD_NODE)->segno /		\
-	  sbi->segs_per_sec))	\
+	(((secno) == CURSEG_I(sbi, CURSEG_HOT_DATA)->segno /		\
+	  (sbi)->segs_per_sec) ||	\
+	 ((secno) == CURSEG_I(sbi, CURSEG_WARM_DATA)->segno /		\
+	  (sbi)->segs_per_sec) ||	\
+	 ((secno) == CURSEG_I(sbi, CURSEG_COLD_DATA)->segno /		\
+	  (sbi)->segs_per_sec) ||	\
+	 ((secno) == CURSEG_I(sbi, CURSEG_HOT_NODE)->segno /		\
+	  (sbi)->segs_per_sec) ||	\
+	 ((secno) == CURSEG_I(sbi, CURSEG_WARM_NODE)->segno /		\
+	  (sbi)->segs_per_sec) ||	\
+	 ((secno) == CURSEG_I(sbi, CURSEG_COLD_NODE)->segno /		\
+	  (sbi)->segs_per_sec))	\
 
 #define MAIN_BLKADDR(sbi)	(SM_I(sbi)->main_blkaddr)
 #define SEG0_BLKADDR(sbi)	(SM_I(sbi)->seg0_blkaddr)
 
 #define MAIN_SEGS(sbi)	(SM_I(sbi)->main_segments)
-#define MAIN_SECS(sbi)	(sbi->total_sections)
+#define MAIN_SECS(sbi)	((sbi)->total_sections)
 
 #define TOTAL_SEGS(sbi)	(SM_I(sbi)->segment_count)
-#define TOTAL_BLKS(sbi)	(TOTAL_SEGS(sbi) << sbi->log_blocks_per_seg)
+#define TOTAL_BLKS(sbi)	(TOTAL_SEGS(sbi) << (sbi)->log_blocks_per_seg)
 
 #define MAX_BLKADDR(sbi)	(SEG0_BLKADDR(sbi) + TOTAL_BLKS(sbi))
-#define SEGMENT_SIZE(sbi)	(1ULL << (sbi->log_blocksize +		\
-					sbi->log_blocks_per_seg))
+#define SEGMENT_SIZE(sbi)	(1ULL << ((sbi)->log_blocksize +	\
+					(sbi)->log_blocks_per_seg))
 
 #define START_BLOCK(sbi, segno)	(SEG0_BLKADDR(sbi) +			\
-	 (GET_R2L_SEGNO(FREE_I(sbi), segno) << sbi->log_blocks_per_seg))
+	 (GET_R2L_SEGNO(FREE_I(sbi), segno) << (sbi)->log_blocks_per_seg))
 
 #define NEXT_FREE_BLKADDR(sbi, curseg)					\
-	(START_BLOCK(sbi, curseg->segno) + curseg->next_blkoff)
+	(START_BLOCK(sbi, (curseg)->segno) + (curseg)->next_blkoff)
 
 #define GET_SEGOFF_FROM_SEG0(sbi, blk_addr)	((blk_addr) - SEG0_BLKADDR(sbi))
 #define GET_SEGNO_FROM_SEG0(sbi, blk_addr)				\
-	(GET_SEGOFF_FROM_SEG0(sbi, blk_addr) >> sbi->log_blocks_per_seg)
+	(GET_SEGOFF_FROM_SEG0(sbi, blk_addr) >> (sbi)->log_blocks_per_seg)
 #define GET_BLKOFF_FROM_SEG0(sbi, blk_addr)				\
-	(GET_SEGOFF_FROM_SEG0(sbi, blk_addr) & (sbi->blocks_per_seg - 1))
+	(GET_SEGOFF_FROM_SEG0(sbi, blk_addr) & ((sbi)->blocks_per_seg - 1))
 
 #define GET_SEGNO(sbi, blk_addr)					\
-	(((blk_addr == NULL_ADDR) || (blk_addr == NEW_ADDR)) ?		\
+	((((blk_addr) == NULL_ADDR) || ((blk_addr) == NEW_ADDR)) ?	\
 	NULL_SEGNO : GET_L2R_SEGNO(FREE_I(sbi),			\
 		GET_SEGNO_FROM_SEG0(sbi, blk_addr)))
-#define GET_SECNO(sbi, segno)					\
-	((segno) / sbi->segs_per_sec)
-#define GET_ZONENO_FROM_SEGNO(sbi, segno)				\
-	((segno / sbi->segs_per_sec) / sbi->secs_per_zone)
+#define BLKS_PER_SEC(sbi)					\
+	((sbi)->segs_per_sec * (sbi)->blocks_per_seg)
+#define GET_SEC_FROM_SEG(sbi, segno)				\
+	((segno) / (sbi)->segs_per_sec)
+#define GET_SEG_FROM_SEC(sbi, secno)				\
+	((secno) * (sbi)->segs_per_sec)
+#define GET_ZONE_FROM_SEC(sbi, secno)				\
+	((secno) / (sbi)->secs_per_zone)
+#define GET_ZONE_FROM_SEG(sbi, segno)				\
+	GET_ZONE_FROM_SEC(sbi, GET_SEC_FROM_SEG(sbi, segno))
 
 #define GET_SUM_BLOCK(sbi, segno)				\
-	((sbi->sm_info->ssa_blkaddr) + segno)
+	((sbi)->sm_info->ssa_blkaddr + (segno))
 
 #define GET_SUM_TYPE(footer) ((footer)->entry_type)
-#define SET_SUM_TYPE(footer, type) ((footer)->entry_type = type)
+#define SET_SUM_TYPE(footer, type) ((footer)->entry_type = (type))
 
 #define SIT_ENTRY_OFFSET(sit_i, segno)					\
-	(segno % sit_i->sents_per_block)
+	((segno) % (sit_i)->sents_per_block)
 #define SIT_BLOCK_OFFSET(segno)					\
-	(segno / SIT_ENTRY_PER_BLOCK)
+	((segno) / SIT_ENTRY_PER_BLOCK)
 #define	START_SEGNO(segno)		\
 	(SIT_BLOCK_OFFSET(segno) * SIT_ENTRY_PER_BLOCK)
 #define SIT_BLK_CNT(sbi)			\
···
 #define SECTOR_FROM_BLOCK(blk_addr)					\
 	(((sector_t)blk_addr) << F2FS_LOG_SECTORS_PER_BLOCK)
 #define SECTOR_TO_BLOCK(sectors)					\
-	(sectors >> F2FS_LOG_SECTORS_PER_BLOCK)
+	((sectors) >> F2FS_LOG_SECTORS_PER_BLOCK)
 
 /*
  * indicate a block allocation direction: RIGHT and LEFT.
···
  */
 enum {
 	GC_CB = 0,
-	GC_GREEDY
+	GC_GREEDY,
+	ALLOC_NEXT,
+	FLUSH_DEVICE,
+	MAX_GC_POLICY,
 };
 
 /*
···
 	unsigned long long mounted_time;	/* mount time */
 	unsigned long long min_mtime;		/* min. modification time */
 	unsigned long long max_mtime;		/* max. modification time */
+
+	unsigned int last_victim[MAX_GC_POLICY]; /* last victim segment # */
 };
 
 struct free_segmap_info {
···
 						unsigned int segno)
 {
 	struct sit_info *sit_i = SIT_I(sbi);
-	return &sit_i->sec_entries[GET_SECNO(sbi, segno)];
+	return &sit_i->sec_entries[GET_SEC_FROM_SEG(sbi, segno)];
 }
 
 static inline unsigned int get_valid_blocks(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi,
-				unsigned int segno, int section)
+				unsigned int segno, bool use_section)
 {
 	/*
 	 * In order to get # of valid blocks in a section instantly from many
 	 * segments, f2fs manages two counting structures separately.
 	 */
-	if (section > 1)
+	if (use_section && sbi->segs_per_sec > 1)
 		return get_sec_entry(sbi, segno)->valid_blocks;
 	else
 		return get_seg_entry(sbi, segno)->valid_blocks;
···
 static inline void __set_free(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, unsigned int segno)
 {
 	struct free_segmap_info *free_i = FREE_I(sbi);
-	unsigned int secno = segno / sbi->segs_per_sec;
-	unsigned int start_segno = secno * sbi->segs_per_sec;
+	unsigned int secno = GET_SEC_FROM_SEG(sbi, segno);
+	unsigned int start_segno = GET_SEG_FROM_SEC(sbi, secno);
 	unsigned int next;
 
 	spin_lock(&free_i->segmap_lock);
···
 		unsigned int segno)
 {
 	struct free_segmap_info *free_i = FREE_I(sbi);
-	unsigned int secno = segno / sbi->segs_per_sec;
+	unsigned int secno = GET_SEC_FROM_SEG(sbi, segno);
+
 	set_bit(segno, free_i->free_segmap);
 	free_i->free_segments--;
 	if (!test_and_set_bit(secno, free_i->free_secmap))
···
 		unsigned int segno)
 {
 	struct free_segmap_info *free_i = FREE_I(sbi);
-	unsigned int secno = segno / sbi->segs_per_sec;
-	unsigned int start_segno = secno * sbi->segs_per_sec;
+	unsigned int secno = GET_SEC_FROM_SEG(sbi, segno);
+	unsigned int start_segno = GET_SEG_FROM_SEC(sbi, secno);
 	unsigned int next;
 
 	spin_lock(&free_i->segmap_lock);
···
 		unsigned int segno)
 {
 	struct free_segmap_info *free_i = FREE_I(sbi);
-	unsigned int secno = segno / sbi->segs_per_sec;
+	unsigned int secno = GET_SEC_FROM_SEG(sbi, segno);
+
 	spin_lock(&free_i->segmap_lock);
 	if (!test_and_set_bit(segno, free_i->free_segmap)) {
 		free_i->free_segments--;
···
 
 static inline int overprovision_sections(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi)
 {
-	return ((unsigned int) overprovision_segments(sbi)) / sbi->segs_per_sec;
+	return GET_SEC_FROM_SEG(sbi, (unsigned int)overprovision_segments(sbi));
 }
 
 static inline int reserved_sections(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi)
 {
-	return ((unsigned int) reserved_segments(sbi)) / sbi->segs_per_sec;
+	return GET_SEC_FROM_SEG(sbi, (unsigned int)reserved_segments(sbi));
 }
 
 static inline bool need_SSR(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi)
···
 		return false;
 
 	return free_sections(sbi) <= (node_secs + 2 * dent_secs + imeta_secs +
-						reserved_sections(sbi) + 1);
+						2 * reserved_sections(sbi));
 }
 
 static inline bool has_not_enough_free_secs(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi,
···
  */
 #define DEF_MIN_IPU_UTIL	70
 #define DEF_MIN_FSYNC_BLOCKS	8
+#define DEF_MIN_HOT_BLOCKS	16
 
 enum {
 	F2FS_IPU_FORCE,
···
 	F2FS_IPU_UTIL,
 	F2FS_IPU_SSR_UTIL,
 	F2FS_IPU_FSYNC,
+	F2FS_IPU_ASYNC,
 };
 
-static inline bool need_inplace_update(struct inode *inode)
+static inline bool need_inplace_update_policy(struct inode *inode,
+				struct f2fs_io_info *fio)
 {
 	struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi = F2FS_I_SB(inode);
 	unsigned int policy = SM_I(sbi)->ipu_policy;
-
-	/* IPU can be done only for the user data */
-	if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode) || f2fs_is_atomic_file(inode))
-		return false;
 
 	if (test_opt(sbi, LFS))
 		return false;
···
 		return true;
 	if (policy & (0x1 << F2FS_IPU_SSR_UTIL) && need_SSR(sbi) &&
 			utilization(sbi) > SM_I(sbi)->min_ipu_util)
+		return true;
+
+	/*
+	 * IPU for rewrite async pages
+	 */
+	if (policy & (0x1 << F2FS_IPU_ASYNC) &&
+			fio && fio->op == REQ_OP_WRITE &&
+			!(fio->op_flags & REQ_SYNC) &&
+			!f2fs_encrypted_inode(inode))
 		return true;
 
 	/* this is only set during fdatasync */
···
 static inline bool no_fggc_candidate(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi,
 						unsigned int secno)
 {
-	if (get_valid_blocks(sbi, secno, sbi->segs_per_sec) >=
+	if (get_valid_blocks(sbi, GET_SEG_FROM_SEC(sbi, secno), true) >=
 						sbi->fggc_threshold)
 		return true;
 	return false;

fs/f2fs/super.c

···
 	[FAULT_BLOCK]		= "no more block",
 	[FAULT_DIR_DEPTH]	= "too big dir depth",
 	[FAULT_EVICT_INODE]	= "evict_inode fail",
+	[FAULT_TRUNCATE]	= "truncate fail",
 	[FAULT_IO]		= "IO error",
 	[FAULT_CHECKPOINT]	= "checkpoint error",
 };
···
 	Opt_discard,
 	Opt_nodiscard,
 	Opt_noheap,
+	Opt_heap,
 	Opt_user_xattr,
 	Opt_nouser_xattr,
 	Opt_acl,
···
 	{Opt_discard, "discard"},
 	{Opt_nodiscard, "nodiscard"},
 	{Opt_noheap, "no_heap"},
+	{Opt_heap, "heap"},
 	{Opt_user_xattr, "user_xattr"},
 	{Opt_nouser_xattr, "nouser_xattr"},
 	{Opt_acl, "acl"},
···
 F2FS_RW_ATTR(SM_INFO, f2fs_sm_info, ipu_policy, ipu_policy);
 F2FS_RW_ATTR(SM_INFO, f2fs_sm_info, min_ipu_util, min_ipu_util);
 F2FS_RW_ATTR(SM_INFO, f2fs_sm_info, min_fsync_blocks, min_fsync_blocks);
+F2FS_RW_ATTR(SM_INFO, f2fs_sm_info, min_hot_blocks, min_hot_blocks);
 F2FS_RW_ATTR(NM_INFO, f2fs_nm_info, ram_thresh, ram_thresh);
 F2FS_RW_ATTR(NM_INFO, f2fs_nm_info, ra_nid_pages, ra_nid_pages);
 F2FS_RW_ATTR(NM_INFO, f2fs_nm_info, dirty_nats_ratio, dirty_nats_ratio);
···
 	ATTR_LIST(ipu_policy),
 	ATTR_LIST(min_ipu_util),
 	ATTR_LIST(min_fsync_blocks),
+	ATTR_LIST(min_hot_blocks),
 	ATTR_LIST(max_victim_search),
 	ATTR_LIST(dir_level),
 	ATTR_LIST(ram_thresh),
···
 			break;
 		case Opt_noheap:
 			set_opt(sbi, NOHEAP);
+			break;
+		case Opt_heap:
+			clear_opt(sbi, NOHEAP);
 			break;
 #ifdef CONFIG_F2FS_FS_XATTR
 		case Opt_user_xattr:
···
 	}
 
 	/* be sure to wait for any on-going discard commands */
-	f2fs_wait_discard_bio(sbi, NULL_ADDR);
+	f2fs_wait_discard_bios(sbi);
+
+	if (!sbi->discard_blks) {
+		struct cp_control cpc = {
+			.reason = CP_UMOUNT | CP_TRIMMED,
+		};
+		write_checkpoint(sbi, &cpc);
+	}
 
 	/* write_checkpoint can update stat informaion */
 	f2fs_destroy_stats(sbi);
···
 	if (test_opt(sbi, DISCARD))
 		seq_puts(seq, ",discard");
 	if (test_opt(sbi, NOHEAP))
-		seq_puts(seq, ",no_heap_alloc");
+		seq_puts(seq, ",no_heap");
+	else
+		seq_puts(seq, ",heap");
 #ifdef CONFIG_F2FS_FS_XATTR
 	if (test_opt(sbi, XATTR_USER))
 		seq_puts(seq, ",user_xattr");
···
 		if ((i % 10) == 0)
 			seq_printf(seq, "%-10d", i);
 		seq_printf(seq, "%d|%-3u", se->type,
-					get_valid_blocks(sbi, i, 1));
+					get_valid_blocks(sbi, i, false));
 		if ((i % 10) == 9 || i == (total_segs - 1))
 			seq_putc(seq, '\n');
 		else
···
 
 		seq_printf(seq, "%-10d", i);
 		seq_printf(seq, "%d|%-3u|", se->type,
-					get_valid_blocks(sbi, i, 1));
+					get_valid_blocks(sbi, i, false));
 		for (j = 0; j < SIT_VBLOCK_MAP_SIZE; j++)
 			seq_printf(seq, " %.2x", se->cur_valid_map[j]);
 		seq_putc(seq, '\n');
···
 	set_opt(sbi, INLINE_DATA);
 	set_opt(sbi, INLINE_DENTRY);
 	set_opt(sbi, EXTENT_CACHE);
+	set_opt(sbi, NOHEAP);
 	sbi->sb->s_flags |= MS_LAZYTIME;
 	set_opt(sbi, FLUSH_MERGE);
 	if (f2fs_sb_mounted_blkzoned(sbi->sb)) {
···
 	unlock_buffer(bh);
 
 	/* it's rare case, we can do fua all the time */
-	return __sync_dirty_buffer(bh, REQ_PREFLUSH | REQ_FUA);
+	return __sync_dirty_buffer(bh, REQ_SYNC | REQ_PREFLUSH | REQ_FUA);
 }
 
 static inline bool sanity_check_area_boundary(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi,
···
 		return 1;
 	}
 
+	if (le32_to_cpu(raw_super->segment_count) > F2FS_MAX_SEGMENT) {
+		f2fs_msg(sb, KERN_INFO,
+			"Invalid segment count (%u)",
+			le32_to_cpu(raw_super->segment_count));
+		return 1;
+	}
+
 	/* check CP/SIT/NAT/SSA/MAIN_AREA area boundary */
 	if (sanity_check_area_boundary(sbi, bh))
 		return 1;
···
 
 	for (i = 0; i < NR_COUNT_TYPE; i++)
 		atomic_set(&sbi->nr_pages[i], 0);
+
+	atomic_set(&sbi->wb_sync_req, 0);
 
 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&sbi->s_list);
 	mutex_init(&sbi->umount_mutex);
···
 	mutex_init(&sbi->gc_mutex);
 	mutex_init(&sbi->cp_mutex);
 	init_rwsem(&sbi->node_write);
+	init_rwsem(&sbi->node_change);
 
 	/* disallow all the data/node/meta page writes */
 	set_sbi_flag(sbi, SBI_POR_DOING);
···
 
 	f2fs_join_shrinker(sbi);
 
+	err = f2fs_build_stats(sbi);
+	if (err)
+		goto free_nm;
+
 	/* if there are nt orphan nodes free them */
 	err = recover_orphan_inodes(sbi);
 	if (err)
···
 		err = -ENOMEM;
 		goto free_root_inode;
 	}
-
-	err = f2fs_build_stats(sbi);
-	if (err)
-		goto free_root_inode;
 
 	if (f2fs_proc_root)
 		sbi->s_proc = proc_mkdir(sb->s_id, f2fs_proc_root);
···
 		remove_proc_entry("segment_bits", sbi->s_proc);
 		remove_proc_entry(sb->s_id, f2fs_proc_root);
 	}
-	f2fs_destroy_stats(sbi);
 free_root_inode:
 	dput(sb->s_root);
 	sb->s_root = NULL;
···
 	truncate_inode_pages_final(META_MAPPING(sbi));
 	iput(sbi->node_inode);
 	mutex_unlock(&sbi->umount_mutex);
+	f2fs_destroy_stats(sbi);
 free_nm:
 	destroy_node_manager(sbi);
 free_sm:

fs/f2fs/trace.c

···
 	pid_t pid = task_pid_nr(current);
 	void *p;
 
-	page->private = pid;
+	set_page_private(page, (unsigned long)pid);
 
 	if (radix_tree_preload(GFP_NOFS))
 		return;
···
 
 	radix_tree_for_each_slot(slot, &pids, &iter, first_index) {
 		results[ret] = iter.index;
-		if (++ret == PIDVEC_SIZE)
+		if (++ret == max_items)
 			break;
 	}
 	return ret;

fs/f2fs/xattr.c

···
 	void *cur_addr, *txattr_addr, *last_addr = NULL;
 	nid_t xnid = F2FS_I(inode)->i_xattr_nid;
 	unsigned int size = xnid ? VALID_XATTR_BLOCK_SIZE : 0;
-	unsigned int inline_size = 0;
+	unsigned int inline_size = inline_xattr_size(inode);
 	int err = 0;
-
-	inline_size = inline_xattr_size(inode);
 
 	if (!size && !inline_size)
 		return -ENODATA;
 
-	txattr_addr = kzalloc(inline_size + size + sizeof(__u32),
+	txattr_addr = kzalloc(inline_size + size + XATTR_PADDING_SIZE,
 							GFP_F2FS_ZERO);
 	if (!txattr_addr)
 		return -ENOMEM;
···
 {
 	struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi = F2FS_I_SB(inode);
 	struct f2fs_xattr_header *header;
-	size_t size = PAGE_SIZE, inline_size = 0;
+	nid_t xnid = F2FS_I(inode)->i_xattr_nid;
+	unsigned int size = VALID_XATTR_BLOCK_SIZE;
+	unsigned int inline_size = inline_xattr_size(inode);
 	void *txattr_addr;
 	int err;
 
-	inline_size = inline_xattr_size(inode);
-
-	txattr_addr = kzalloc(inline_size + size, GFP_F2FS_ZERO);
+	txattr_addr = kzalloc(inline_size + size + XATTR_PADDING_SIZE,
+							GFP_F2FS_ZERO);
 	if (!txattr_addr)
 		return -ENOMEM;
 
···
 	}
 
 	/* read from xattr node block */
-	if (F2FS_I(inode)->i_xattr_nid) {
+	if (xnid) {
 		struct page *xpage;
 		void *xattr_addr;
 
 		/* The inode already has an extended attribute block. */
-		xpage = get_node_page(sbi, F2FS_I(inode)->i_xattr_nid);
+		xpage = get_node_page(sbi, xnid);
 		if (IS_ERR(xpage)) {
 			err = PTR_ERR(xpage);
 			goto fail;
 		}
 
 		xattr_addr = page_address(xpage);
-		memcpy(txattr_addr + inline_size, xattr_addr, PAGE_SIZE);
+		memcpy(txattr_addr + inline_size, xattr_addr, size);
 		f2fs_put_page(xpage, 1);
 	}
 
···
 				void *txattr_addr, struct page *ipage)
 {
 	struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi = F2FS_I_SB(inode);
-	size_t inline_size = 0;
+	size_t inline_size = inline_xattr_size(inode);
 	void *xattr_addr;
 	struct page *xpage;
 	nid_t new_nid = 0;
 	int err;
-
-	inline_size = inline_xattr_size(inode);
 
 	if (hsize > inline_size && !F2FS_I(inode)->i_xattr_nid)
 		if (!alloc_nid(sbi, &new_nid))
···
 	}
 
 	xattr_addr = page_address(xpage);
-	memcpy(xattr_addr, txattr_addr + inline_size, MAX_XATTR_BLOCK_SIZE);
+	memcpy(xattr_addr, txattr_addr + inline_size, VALID_XATTR_BLOCK_SIZE);
 	set_page_dirty(xpage);
 	f2fs_put_page(xpage, 1);
 
···
 					const void *value, size_t size)
 {
 	void *pval = entry->e_name + entry->e_name_len;
-	return (entry->e_value_size == size) && !memcmp(pval, value, size);
+
+	return (le16_to_cpu(entry->e_value_size) == size) &&
+					!memcmp(pval, value, size);
 }
 
 static int __f2fs_setxattr(struct inode *inode, int index,

fs/f2fs/xattr.h

···
 #define XATTR_FIRST_ENTRY(ptr)	(XATTR_ENTRY(XATTR_HDR(ptr) + 1))
 #define XATTR_ROUND		(3)
 
-#define XATTR_ALIGN(size)	((size + XATTR_ROUND) & ~XATTR_ROUND)
+#define XATTR_ALIGN(size)	(((size) + XATTR_ROUND) & ~XATTR_ROUND)
 
 #define ENTRY_SIZE(entry) (XATTR_ALIGN(sizeof(struct f2fs_xattr_entry) + \
-			entry->e_name_len + le16_to_cpu(entry->e_value_size)))
+			(entry)->e_name_len + le16_to_cpu((entry)->e_value_size)))
 
 #define XATTR_NEXT_ENTRY(entry)	((struct f2fs_xattr_entry *)((char *)(entry) +\
 			ENTRY_SIZE(entry)))
···
 		for (entry = XATTR_FIRST_ENTRY(addr);\
 				!IS_XATTR_LAST_ENTRY(entry);\
 				entry = XATTR_NEXT_ENTRY(entry))
-#define MAX_XATTR_BLOCK_SIZE	(PAGE_SIZE - sizeof(struct node_footer))
-#define VALID_XATTR_BLOCK_SIZE	(MAX_XATTR_BLOCK_SIZE - sizeof(__u32))
+#define VALID_XATTR_BLOCK_SIZE	(PAGE_SIZE - sizeof(struct node_footer))
+#define XATTR_PADDING_SIZE	(sizeof(__u32))
 #define MIN_OFFSET(i)		XATTR_ALIGN(inline_xattr_size(i) +	\
 						VALID_XATTR_BLOCK_SIZE)
 

include/linux/f2fs_fs.h

···
 /* 0, 1(node nid), 2(meta nid) are reserved node id */
 #define F2FS_RESERVED_NODE_NUM		3
 
-#define F2FS_ROOT_INO(sbi)	(sbi->root_ino_num)
-#define F2FS_NODE_INO(sbi)	(sbi->node_ino_num)
-#define F2FS_META_INO(sbi)	(sbi->meta_ino_num)
+#define F2FS_ROOT_INO(sbi)	((sbi)->root_ino_num)
+#define F2FS_NODE_INO(sbi)	((sbi)->node_ino_num)
+#define F2FS_META_INO(sbi)	((sbi)->meta_ino_num)
 
 #define F2FS_IO_SIZE(sbi)	(1 << (sbi)->write_io_size_bits) /* Blocks */
 #define F2FS_IO_SIZE_KB(sbi)	(1 << ((sbi)->write_io_size_bits + 2)) /* KB */
···
 /*
  * For checkpoint
  */
+#define CP_TRIMMED_FLAG		0x00000100
 #define CP_NAT_BITS_FLAG	0x00000080
 #define CP_CRC_RECOVERY_FLAG	0x00000040
 #define CP_FASTBOOT_FLAG	0x00000020
···
  */
 #define F2FS_ORPHANS_PER_BLOCK	1020
 
-#define GET_ORPHAN_BLOCKS(n)	((n + F2FS_ORPHANS_PER_BLOCK - 1) / \
+#define GET_ORPHAN_BLOCKS(n)	(((n) + F2FS_ORPHANS_PER_BLOCK - 1) / \
 					F2FS_ORPHANS_PER_BLOCK)
 
 struct f2fs_orphan_block {
···
  */
 #define SIT_VBLOCK_MAP_SIZE 64
 #define SIT_ENTRY_PER_BLOCK (PAGE_SIZE / sizeof(struct f2fs_sit_entry))
+
+/*
+ * F2FS uses 4 bytes to represent block address. As a result, supported size of
+ * disk is 16 TB and it equals to 16 * 1024 * 1024 / 2 segments.
+ */
+#define F2FS_MAX_SEGMENT       ((16 * 1024 * 1024) / 2)
 
 /*
  * Note that f2fs_sit_entry->vblocks has the following bit-field information.
···
 #define F2FS_SLOT_LEN		8
 #define F2FS_SLOT_LEN_BITS	3
 
-#define GET_DENTRY_SLOTS(x)	((x + F2FS_SLOT_LEN - 1) >> F2FS_SLOT_LEN_BITS)
+#define GET_DENTRY_SLOTS(x) (((x) + F2FS_SLOT_LEN - 1) >> F2FS_SLOT_LEN_BITS)
 
 /* MAX level for dir lookup */
 #define MAX_DIR_HASH_DEPTH	63

include/trace/events/f2fs.h

···
 TRACE_DEFINE_ENUM(META_FLUSH);
 TRACE_DEFINE_ENUM(INMEM);
 TRACE_DEFINE_ENUM(INMEM_DROP);
+TRACE_DEFINE_ENUM(INMEM_INVALIDATE);
+TRACE_DEFINE_ENUM(INMEM_REVOKE);
 TRACE_DEFINE_ENUM(IPU);
 TRACE_DEFINE_ENUM(OPU);
 TRACE_DEFINE_ENUM(CURSEG_HOT_DATA);
···
 TRACE_DEFINE_ENUM(CP_SYNC);
 TRACE_DEFINE_ENUM(CP_RECOVERY);
 TRACE_DEFINE_ENUM(CP_DISCARD);
+TRACE_DEFINE_ENUM(CP_TRIMMED);
 
 #define show_block_type(type)						\
 	__print_symbolic(type,						\
···
 		{ META_FLUSH,	"META_FLUSH" },				\
 		{ INMEM,	"INMEM" },				\
 		{ INMEM_DROP,	"INMEM_DROP" },				\
+		{ INMEM_INVALIDATE,	"INMEM_INVALIDATE" },		\
 		{ INMEM_REVOKE,	"INMEM_REVOKE" },			\
 		{ IPU,		"IN-PLACE" },				\
 		{ OPU,		"OUT-OF-PLACE" })
 
-#define F2FS_OP_FLAGS (REQ_RAHEAD | REQ_SYNC | REQ_PREFLUSH | REQ_META |\
-			REQ_PRIO)
+#define F2FS_OP_FLAGS (REQ_RAHEAD | REQ_SYNC | REQ_META | REQ_PRIO |	\
+			REQ_PREFLUSH | REQ_FUA)
 #define F2FS_BIO_FLAG_MASK(t)	(t & F2FS_OP_FLAGS)
 
 #define show_bio_type(op,op_flags)	show_bio_op(op),		\
···
 		{ REQ_OP_WRITE_ZEROES,		"WRITE_ZEROES" })
 
 #define show_bio_op_flags(flags)					\
-	__print_symbolic(F2FS_BIO_FLAG_MASK(flags),			\
-		{ REQ_RAHEAD, 		"(RA)" },			\
-		{ REQ_SYNC, 		"(S)" },			\
-		{ REQ_SYNC | REQ_PRIO,	"(SP)" },			\
-		{ REQ_META, 		"(M)" },			\
-		{ REQ_META | REQ_PRIO,	"(MP)" },			\
-		{ REQ_SYNC | REQ_PREFLUSH , "(SF)" },			\
-		{ REQ_SYNC | REQ_META | REQ_PRIO, "(SMP)" },		\
-		{ REQ_PREFLUSH | REQ_META | REQ_PRIO, "(FMP)" },	\
-		{ 0, " \b" })
+	__print_flags(F2FS_BIO_FLAG_MASK(flags), "|",			\
+		{ REQ_RAHEAD,		"R" },				\
+		{ REQ_SYNC,		"S" },				\
+		{ REQ_META,		"M" },				\
+		{ REQ_PRIO,		"P" },				\
+		{ REQ_PREFLUSH,		"PF" },				\
+		{ REQ_FUA,		"FUA" })
 
 #define show_data_type(type)						\
 	__print_symbolic(type,						\
···
 		{ GC_CB,	"Cost-Benefit" })
 
 #define show_cpreason(type)						\
-	__print_symbolic(type,						\
+	__print_flags(type, "|",					\
 		{ CP_UMOUNT,	"Umount" },				\
 		{ CP_FASTBOOT,	"Fastboot" },				\
 		{ CP_SYNC,	"Sync" },				\
 		{ CP_RECOVERY,	"Recovery" },				\
-		{ CP_DISCARD,	"Discard" })
+		{ CP_DISCARD,	"Discard" },				\
+		{ CP_UMOUNT,	"Umount" },				\
+		{ CP_TRIMMED,	"Trimmed" })
 
 struct victim_sel_policy;
 struct f2fs_map_blocks;
···
 	),
 
 	TP_printk("dev = (%d,%d), ino = %lu, page_index = 0x%lx, "
-		"oldaddr = 0x%llx, newaddr = 0x%llx, rw = %s%s, type = %s",
+		"oldaddr = 0x%llx, newaddr = 0x%llx, rw = %s(%s), type = %s",
 		show_dev_ino(__entry),
 		(unsigned long)__entry->index,
 		(unsigned long long)__entry->old_blkaddr,
···
 		__entry->size		= bio->bi_iter.bi_size;
 	),
 
-	TP_printk("dev = (%d,%d)/(%d,%d), rw = %s%s, %s, sector = %lld, size = %u",
+	TP_printk("dev = (%d,%d)/(%d,%d), rw = %s(%s), %s, sector = %lld, size = %u",
 		show_dev(__entry->target),
 		show_dev(__entry->dev),
 		show_bio_type(__entry->op, __entry->op_flags),
···
 		__entry->msg)
 );
 
-TRACE_EVENT(f2fs_issue_discard,
+DECLARE_EVENT_CLASS(f2fs_discard,
 
 	TP_PROTO(struct block_device *dev, block_t blkstart, block_t blklen),
 
···
 		show_dev(__entry->dev),
 		(unsigned long long)__entry->blkstart,
 		(unsigned long long)__entry->blklen)
+);
+
+DEFINE_EVENT(f2fs_discard, f2fs_queue_discard,
+
+	TP_PROTO(struct block_device *dev, block_t blkstart, block_t blklen),
+
+	TP_ARGS(dev, blkstart, blklen)
+);
+
+DEFINE_EVENT(f2fs_discard, f2fs_issue_discard,
+
+	TP_PROTO(struct block_device *dev, block_t blkstart, block_t blklen),
+
+	TP_ARGS(dev, blkstart, blklen)
 );
 
 TRACE_EVENT(f2fs_issue_reset_zone,
···
 TRACE_EVENT(f2fs_issue_flush,
 
 	TP_PROTO(struct block_device *dev, unsigned int nobarrier,
-					unsigned int flush_merge),
+				unsigned int flush_merge, int ret),
 
-	TP_ARGS(dev, nobarrier, flush_merge),
+	TP_ARGS(dev, nobarrier, flush_merge, ret),
 
 	TP_STRUCT__entry(
 		__field(dev_t,	dev)
 		__field(unsigned int, nobarrier)
 		__field(unsigned int, flush_merge)
+		__field(int,  ret)
 	),
 
 	TP_fast_assign(
 		__entry->dev	= dev->bd_dev;
 		__entry->nobarrier = nobarrier;
 		__entry->flush_merge = flush_merge;
+		__entry->ret = ret;
 	),
 
-	TP_printk("dev = (%d,%d), %s %s",
+	TP_printk("dev = (%d,%d), %s %s, ret = %d",
 		show_dev(__entry->dev),
 		__entry->nobarrier ? "skip (nobarrier)" : "issue",
-		__entry->flush_merge ? " with flush_merge" : "")
+		__entry->flush_merge ? " with flush_merge" : "",
+		__entry->ret)
 );
 
 TRACE_EVENT(f2fs_lookup_extent_tree_start,