x86: Remove arbitrary instruction size limit in instruction decoder

The current x86 instruction decoder steps along through the
instruction stream but always ensures that it never steps farther
than the largest possible instruction size (MAX_INSN_SIZE).

The MPX code is now going to be doing some decoding of userspace
instructions. We copy those from userspace in to the kernel and
they're obviously completely untrusted coming from userspace. In
addition to the constraint that instructions can only be so long,
we also have to be aware of how long the buffer is that came in
from userspace. This _looks_ to be similar to what the perf and
kprobes is doing, but it's unclear to me whether they are
affected.

The whole reason we need this is that it is perfectly valid to be
executing an instruction within MAX_INSN_SIZE bytes of an
unreadable page. We should be able to gracefully handle short
reads in those cases.

This adds support to the decoder to record how long the buffer
being decoded is and to refuse to "validate" the instruction if
we would have gone over the end of the buffer to decode it.

The kprobes code probably needs to be looked at here a bit more
carefully. This patch still respects the MAX_INSN_SIZE limit
there but the kprobes code does look like it might be able to
be a bit more strict than it currently is.

Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <[e-mail]>
Acked-by: Jim Keniston <[e-mail]>
Acked-by: Masami Hiramatsu <[e-mail]>
Cc: [e-mail]
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <[e-mail]>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <[e-mail]>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <[e-mail]>
Cc: Srikar Dronamraju <[e-mail]>
Cc: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli <[e-mail]>
Cc: Anil S Keshavamurthy <[e-mail]>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <[e-mail]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[e-mail]
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <[e-mail]>

arch/x86/include/asm/insn.h

···
 	unsigned char x86_64;
 
 	const insn_byte_t *kaddr;	/* kernel address of insn to analyze */
+	const insn_byte_t *end_kaddr;	/* kernel address of last insn in buffer */
 	const insn_byte_t *next_byte;
 };
 
···
 #define X86_VEX_P(vex)	((vex) & 0x03)		/* VEX3 Byte2, VEX2 Byte1 */
 #define X86_VEX_M_MAX	0x1f			/* VEX3.M Maximum value */
 
-extern void insn_init(struct insn *insn, const void *kaddr, int x86_64);
+extern void insn_init(struct insn *insn, const void *kaddr, int buf_len, int x86_64);
 extern void insn_get_prefixes(struct insn *insn);
 extern void insn_get_opcode(struct insn *insn);
 extern void insn_get_modrm(struct insn *insn);
···
 extern int insn_rip_relative(struct insn *insn);
 
 /* Init insn for kernel text */
-static inline void kernel_insn_init(struct insn *insn, const void *kaddr)
+static inline void kernel_insn_init(struct insn *insn,
+				    const void *kaddr, int buf_len)
 {
 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
-	insn_init(insn, kaddr, 1);
+	insn_init(insn, kaddr, buf_len, 1);
 #else /* CONFIG_X86_32 */
-	insn_init(insn, kaddr, 0);
+	insn_init(insn, kaddr, buf_len, 0);
 #endif
 }
 

arch/x86/kernel/cpu/perf_event_intel_ds.c

···
 	unsigned long ip = regs->ip;
 	int is_64bit = 0;
 	void *kaddr;
+	int size;
 
 	/*
 	 * We don't need to fixup if the PEBS assist is fault like
···
 		return 1;
 	}
 
+	size = ip - to;
 	if (!kernel_ip(ip)) {
-		int size, bytes;
+		int bytes;
 		u8 *buf = this_cpu_read(insn_buffer);
 
-		size = ip - to; /* Must fit our buffer, see above */
+		/* 'size' must fit our buffer, see above */
 		bytes = copy_from_user_nmi(buf, (void __user *)to, size);
 		if (bytes != 0)
 			return 0;
···
 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
 		is_64bit = kernel_ip(to) || !test_thread_flag(TIF_IA32);
 #endif
-		insn_init(&insn, kaddr, is_64bit);
+		insn_init(&insn, kaddr, size, is_64bit);
 		insn_get_length(&insn);
+		/*
+		 * Make sure there was not a problem decoding the
+		 * instruction and getting the length.  This is
+		 * doubly important because we have an infinite
+		 * loop if insn.length=0.
+		 */
+		if (!insn.length)
+			break;
 
 		to += insn.length;
 		kaddr += insn.length;
+		size -= insn.length;
 	} while (to < ip);
 
 	if (to == ip) {

arch/x86/kernel/cpu/perf_event_intel_lbr.c

···
 {
 	struct insn insn;
 	void *addr;
-	int bytes, size = MAX_INSN_SIZE;
+	int bytes_read, bytes_left;
 	int ret = X86_BR_NONE;
 	int ext, to_plm, from_plm;
 	u8 buf[MAX_INSN_SIZE];
···
 			return X86_BR_NONE;
 
 		/* may fail if text not present */
-		bytes = copy_from_user_nmi(buf, (void __user *)from, size);
-		if (bytes != 0)
+		bytes_left = copy_from_user_nmi(buf, (void __user *)from,
+						MAX_INSN_SIZE);
+		bytes_read = MAX_INSN_SIZE - bytes_left;
+		if (!bytes_read)
 			return X86_BR_NONE;
 
 		addr = buf;
···
 		 * Ensure we don't blindy read any address by validating it is
 		 * a known text address.
 		 */
-		if (kernel_text_address(from))
+		if (kernel_text_address(from)) {
 			addr = (void *)from;
-		else
+			/*
+			 * Assume we can get the maximum possible size
+			 * when grabbing kernel data.  This is not
+			 * _strictly_ true since we could possibly be
+			 * executing up next to a memory hole, but
+			 * it is very unlikely to be a problem.
+			 */
+			bytes_read = MAX_INSN_SIZE;
+		} else {
 			return X86_BR_NONE;
+		}
 	}
 
 	/*
···
 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
 	is64 = kernel_ip((unsigned long)addr) || !test_thread_flag(TIF_IA32);
 #endif
-	insn_init(&insn, addr, is64);
+	insn_init(&insn, addr, bytes_read, is64);
 	insn_get_opcode(&insn);
+	if (!insn.opcode.got)
+		return X86_BR_ABORT;
 
 	switch (insn.opcode.bytes[0]) {
 	case 0xf:

arch/x86/kernel/kprobes/core.c

···
 		 * normally used, we just go through if there is no kprobe.
 		 */
 		__addr = recover_probed_instruction(buf, addr);
-		kernel_insn_init(&insn, (void *)__addr);
+		kernel_insn_init(&insn, (void *)__addr, MAX_INSN_SIZE);
 		insn_get_length(&insn);
 
 		/*
···
 {
 	struct insn insn;
 	kprobe_opcode_t buf[MAX_INSN_SIZE];
+	unsigned long recovered_insn =
+		recover_probed_instruction(buf, (unsigned long)src);
 
-	kernel_insn_init(&insn, (void *)recover_probed_instruction(buf, (unsigned long)src));
+	kernel_insn_init(&insn, (void *)recovered_insn, MAX_INSN_SIZE);
 	insn_get_length(&insn);
 	/* Another subsystem puts a breakpoint, failed to recover */
 	if (insn.opcode.bytes[0] == BREAKPOINT_INSTRUCTION)
···
 	if (insn_rip_relative(&insn)) {
 		s64 newdisp;
 		u8 *disp;
-		kernel_insn_init(&insn, dest);
+		kernel_insn_init(&insn, dest, insn.length);
 		insn_get_displacement(&insn);
 		/*
 		 * The copied instruction uses the %rip-relative addressing

arch/x86/kernel/kprobes/opt.c

···
 	/* Decode instructions */
 	addr = paddr - offset;
 	while (addr < paddr - offset + size) { /* Decode until function end */
+		unsigned long recovered_insn;
 		if (search_exception_tables(addr))
 			/*
 			 * Since some fixup code will jumps into this function,
 			 * we can't optimize kprobe in this function.
 			 */
 			return 0;
-		kernel_insn_init(&insn, (void *)recover_probed_instruction(buf, addr));
+		recovered_insn = recover_probed_instruction(buf, addr);
+		kernel_insn_init(&insn, (void *)recovered_insn, MAX_INSN_SIZE);
 		insn_get_length(&insn);
 		/* Another subsystem puts a breakpoint */
 		if (insn.opcode.bytes[0] == BREAKPOINT_INSTRUCTION)

arch/x86/kernel/uprobes.c

···
 {
 	u32 volatile *good_insns;
 
-	insn_init(insn, auprobe->insn, x86_64);
+	insn_init(insn, auprobe->insn, sizeof(auprobe->insn), x86_64);
 	/* has the side-effect of processing the entire instruction */
 	insn_get_length(insn);
 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!insn_complete(insn)))

arch/x86/lib/insn.c

···
 
 /* Verify next sizeof(t) bytes can be on the same instruction */
 #define validate_next(t, insn, n)	\
-	((insn)->next_byte + sizeof(t) + n - (insn)->kaddr <= MAX_INSN_SIZE)
+	((insn)->next_byte + sizeof(t) + n < (insn)->end_kaddr)
 
 #define __get_next(t, insn)	\
 	({ t r = *(t*)insn->next_byte; insn->next_byte += sizeof(t); r; })
···
  * @kaddr:	address (in kernel memory) of instruction (or copy thereof)
  * @x86_64:	!0 for 64-bit kernel or 64-bit app
  */
-void insn_init(struct insn *insn, const void *kaddr, int x86_64)
+void insn_init(struct insn *insn, const void *kaddr, int buf_len, int x86_64)
 {
 	memset(insn, 0, sizeof(*insn));
 	insn->kaddr = kaddr;
+	insn->end_kaddr = kaddr + buf_len;
 	insn->next_byte = kaddr;
 	insn->x86_64 = x86_64 ? 1 : 0;
 	insn->opnd_bytes = 4;

arch/x86/tools/insn_sanity.c

···
 			continue;
 
 		/* Decode an instruction */
-		insn_init(&insn, insn_buf, x86_64);
+		insn_init(&insn, insn_buf, sizeof(insn_buf), x86_64);
 		insn_get_length(&insn);
 
 		if (insn.next_byte <= insn.kaddr ||

arch/x86/tools/test_get_len.c

···
 				break;
 		}
 		/* Decode an instruction */
-		insn_init(&insn, insn_buf, x86_64);
+		insn_init(&insn, insn_buf, sizeof(insn_buf), x86_64);
 		insn_get_length(&insn);
 		if (insn.length != nb) {
 			warnings++;