fdget(), trivial conversions

fdget() is the first thing done in scope, all matching fdput() are
immediately followed by leaving the scope.

Reviewed-by: Christian Brauner <[e-mail]>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <[e-mail]>

arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_64_vio.c

···
 	struct iommu_table_group *table_group;
 	long i;
 	struct kvmppc_spapr_tce_iommu_table *stit;
-	struct fd f;
+	CLASS(fd, f)(tablefd);
 
-	f = fdget(tablefd);
-	if (!fd_file(f))
+	if (fd_empty(f))
 		return -EBADF;
 
 	rcu_read_lock();
···
 	}
 	rcu_read_unlock();
 
-	if (!found) {
-		fdput(f);
+	if (!found)
 		return -EINVAL;
-	}
 
 	table_group = iommu_group_get_iommudata(grp);
-	if (WARN_ON(!table_group)) {
-		fdput(f);
+	if (WARN_ON(!table_group))
 		return -EFAULT;
-	}
 
 	for (i = 0; i < IOMMU_TABLE_GROUP_MAX_TABLES; ++i) {
 		struct iommu_table *tbltmp = table_group->tables[i];
···
 			break;
 		}
 	}
-	if (!tbl) {
-		fdput(f);
+	if (!tbl)
 		return -EINVAL;
-	}
 
 	rcu_read_lock();
 	list_for_each_entry_rcu(stit, &stt->iommu_tables, next) {
···
 			/* stit is being destroyed */
 			iommu_tce_table_put(tbl);
 			rcu_read_unlock();
-			fdput(f);
 			return -ENOTTY;
 		}
 		/*
···
 		 * its KVM reference counter and can return.
 		 */
 		rcu_read_unlock();
-		fdput(f);
 		return 0;
 	}
 	rcu_read_unlock();
···
 	stit = kzalloc(sizeof(*stit), GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (!stit) {
 		iommu_tce_table_put(tbl);
-		fdput(f);
 		return -ENOMEM;
 	}
 
···
 
 	list_add_rcu(&stit->next, &stt->iommu_tables);
 
-	fdput(f);
 	return 0;
 }
 

arch/powerpc/kvm/powerpc.c

···
 #endif
 #ifdef CONFIG_KVM_MPIC
 	case KVM_CAP_IRQ_MPIC: {
-		struct fd f;
+		CLASS(fd, f)(cap->args[0]);
 		struct kvm_device *dev;
 
 		r = -EBADF;
-		f = fdget(cap->args[0]);
-		if (!fd_file(f))
+		if (fd_empty(f))
 			break;
 
 		r = -EPERM;
···
 		if (dev)
 			r = kvmppc_mpic_connect_vcpu(dev, vcpu, cap->args[1]);
 
-		fdput(f);
 		break;
 	}
 #endif
 #ifdef CONFIG_KVM_XICS
 	case KVM_CAP_IRQ_XICS: {
-		struct fd f;
+		CLASS(fd, f)(cap->args[0]);
 		struct kvm_device *dev;
 
 		r = -EBADF;
-		f = fdget(cap->args[0]);
-		if (!fd_file(f))
+		if (fd_empty(f))
 			break;
 
 		r = -EPERM;
···
 			else
 				r = kvmppc_xics_connect_vcpu(dev, vcpu, cap->args[1]);
 		}
-
-		fdput(f);
 		break;
 	}
 #endif /* CONFIG_KVM_XICS */
 #ifdef CONFIG_KVM_XIVE
 	case KVM_CAP_PPC_IRQ_XIVE: {
-		struct fd f;
+		CLASS(fd, f)(cap->args[0]);
 		struct kvm_device *dev;
 
 		r = -EBADF;
-		f = fdget(cap->args[0]);
-		if (!fd_file(f))
+		if (fd_empty(f))
 			break;
 
 		r = -ENXIO;
-		if (!xive_enabled()) {
-			fdput(f);
+		if (!xive_enabled())
 			break;
-		}
 
 		r = -EPERM;
 		dev = kvm_device_from_filp(fd_file(f));
 		if (dev)
 			r = kvmppc_xive_native_connect_vcpu(dev, vcpu,
 							    cap->args[1]);
-
-		fdput(f);
 		break;
 	}
 #endif /* CONFIG_KVM_XIVE */

arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/spu_syscalls.c

···
 		return -ENOSYS;
 
 	if (flags & SPU_CREATE_AFFINITY_SPU) {
-		struct fd neighbor = fdget(neighbor_fd);
+		CLASS(fd, neighbor)(neighbor_fd);
 		ret = -EBADF;
-		if (fd_file(neighbor)) {
+		if (!fd_empty(neighbor))
 			ret = calls->create_thread(name, flags, mode, fd_file(neighbor));
-			fdput(neighbor);
-		}
 	} else
 		ret = calls->create_thread(name, flags, mode, NULL);
 

arch/x86/kernel/cpu/sgx/main.c

···
 int sgx_set_attribute(unsigned long *allowed_attributes,
 		      unsigned int attribute_fd)
 {
-	struct fd f = fdget(attribute_fd);
+	CLASS(fd, f)(attribute_fd);
 
-	if (!fd_file(f))
+	if (fd_empty(f))
 		return -EINVAL;
 
-	if (fd_file(f)->f_op != &sgx_provision_fops) {
-		fdput(f);
+	if (fd_file(f)->f_op != &sgx_provision_fops)
 		return -EINVAL;
-	}
 
 	*allowed_attributes |= SGX_ATTR_PROVISIONKEY;
-
-	fdput(f);
 	return 0;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(sgx_set_attribute);

arch/x86/kvm/svm/sev.c

···
 
 static int __sev_issue_cmd(int fd, int id, void *data, int *error)
 {
-	struct fd f;
-	int ret;
+	CLASS(fd, f)(fd);
 
-	f = fdget(fd);
-	if (!fd_file(f))
+	if (fd_empty(f))
 		return -EBADF;
 
-	ret = sev_issue_cmd_external_user(fd_file(f), id, data, error);
-
-	fdput(f);
-	return ret;
+	return sev_issue_cmd_external_user(fd_file(f), id, data, error);
 }
 
 static int sev_issue_cmd(struct kvm *kvm, int id, void *data, int *error)
···
 {
 	struct kvm_sev_info *dst_sev = &to_kvm_svm(kvm)->sev_info;
 	struct kvm_sev_info *src_sev, *cg_cleanup_sev;
-	struct fd f = fdget(source_fd);
+	CLASS(fd, f)(source_fd);
 	struct kvm *source_kvm;
 	bool charged = false;
 	int ret;
 
-	if (!fd_file(f))
+	if (fd_empty(f))
 		return -EBADF;
 
-	if (!file_is_kvm(fd_file(f))) {
-		ret = -EBADF;
-		goto out_fput;
-	}
+	if (!file_is_kvm(fd_file(f)))
+		return -EBADF;
 
 	source_kvm = fd_file(f)->private_data;
 	ret = sev_lock_two_vms(kvm, source_kvm);
 	if (ret)
-		goto out_fput;
+		return ret;
 
 	if (kvm->arch.vm_type != source_kvm->arch.vm_type ||
 	    sev_guest(kvm) || !sev_guest(source_kvm)) {
···
 	cg_cleanup_sev->misc_cg = NULL;
 out_unlock:
 	sev_unlock_two_vms(kvm, source_kvm);
-out_fput:
-	fdput(f);
 	return ret;
 }
 
···
 
 int sev_vm_copy_enc_context_from(struct kvm *kvm, unsigned int source_fd)
 {
-	struct fd f = fdget(source_fd);
+	CLASS(fd, f)(source_fd);
 	struct kvm *source_kvm;
 	struct kvm_sev_info *source_sev, *mirror_sev;
 	int ret;
 
-	if (!fd_file(f))
+	if (fd_empty(f))
 		return -EBADF;
 
-	if (!file_is_kvm(fd_file(f))) {
-		ret = -EBADF;
-		goto e_source_fput;
-	}
+	if (!file_is_kvm(fd_file(f)))
+		return -EBADF;
 
 	source_kvm = fd_file(f)->private_data;
 	ret = sev_lock_two_vms(kvm, source_kvm);
 	if (ret)
-		goto e_source_fput;
+		return ret;
 
 	/*
 	 * Mirrors of mirrors should work, but let's not get silly.  Also
···
 
 e_unlock:
 	sev_unlock_two_vms(kvm, source_kvm);
-e_source_fput:
-	fdput(f);
 	return ret;
 }
 

drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdgpu/amdgpu_sched.c

···
 						  int fd,
 						  int32_t priority)
 {
-	struct fd f = fdget(fd);
+	CLASS(fd, f)(fd);
 	struct amdgpu_fpriv *fpriv;
 	struct amdgpu_ctx_mgr *mgr;
 	struct amdgpu_ctx *ctx;
 	uint32_t id;
 	int r;
 
-	if (!fd_file(f))
+	if (fd_empty(f))
 		return -EINVAL;
 
 	r = amdgpu_file_to_fpriv(fd_file(f), &fpriv);
-	if (r) {
-		fdput(f);
+	if (r)
 		return r;
-	}
 
 	mgr = &fpriv->ctx_mgr;
 	mutex_lock(&mgr->lock);
···
 		amdgpu_ctx_priority_override(ctx, priority);
 	mutex_unlock(&mgr->lock);
 
-	fdput(f);
 	return 0;
 }
 
···
 						  unsigned ctx_id,
 						  int32_t priority)
 {
-	struct fd f = fdget(fd);
+	CLASS(fd, f)(fd);
 	struct amdgpu_fpriv *fpriv;
 	struct amdgpu_ctx *ctx;
 	int r;
 
-	if (!fd_file(f))
+	if (fd_empty(f))
 		return -EINVAL;
 
 	r = amdgpu_file_to_fpriv(fd_file(f), &fpriv);
-	if (r) {
-		fdput(f);
+	if (r)
 		return r;
-	}
 
 	ctx = amdgpu_ctx_get(fpriv, ctx_id);
 
-	if (!ctx) {
-		fdput(f);
+	if (!ctx)
 		return -EINVAL;
-	}
 
 	amdgpu_ctx_priority_override(ctx, priority);
 	amdgpu_ctx_put(ctx);
-	fdput(f);
-
 	return 0;
 }
 

drivers/gpu/drm/drm_syncobj.c

···
 				    int fd, u32 *handle)
 {
 	struct drm_syncobj *syncobj;
-	struct fd f = fdget(fd);
+	CLASS(fd, f)(fd);
 	int ret;
 
-	if (!fd_file(f))
+	if (fd_empty(f))
 		return -EINVAL;
 
-	if (fd_file(f)->f_op != &drm_syncobj_file_fops) {
-		fdput(f);
+	if (fd_file(f)->f_op != &drm_syncobj_file_fops)
 		return -EINVAL;
-	}
 
 	/* take a reference to put in the idr */
 	syncobj = fd_file(f)->private_data;
···
 	} else
 		drm_syncobj_put(syncobj);
 
-	fdput(f);
 	return ret;
 }
 

drivers/media/rc/lirc_dev.c

···
 
 struct rc_dev *rc_dev_get_from_fd(int fd, bool write)
 {
-	struct fd f = fdget(fd);
+	CLASS(fd, f)(fd);
 	struct lirc_fh *fh;
 	struct rc_dev *dev;
 
-	if (!fd_file(f))
+	if (fd_empty(f))
 		return ERR_PTR(-EBADF);
 
-	if (fd_file(f)->f_op != &lirc_fops) {
-		fdput(f);
+	if (fd_file(f)->f_op != &lirc_fops)
 		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
-	}
 
-	if (write && !(fd_file(f)->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE)) {
-		fdput(f);
+	if (write && !(fd_file(f)->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE))
 		return ERR_PTR(-EPERM);
-	}
 
 	fh = fd_file(f)->private_data;
 	dev = fh->rc;
 
 	get_device(&dev->dev);
-	fdput(f);
 
 	return dev;
 }

fs/btrfs/ioctl.c

···
 		ret = btrfs_mksubvol(&file->f_path, idmap, name,
 				     namelen, NULL, readonly, inherit);
 	} else {
-		struct fd src = fdget(fd);
+		CLASS(fd, src)(fd);
 		struct inode *src_inode;
-		if (!fd_file(src)) {
+		if (fd_empty(src)) {
 			ret = -EINVAL;
 			goto out_drop_write;
 		}
···
 					       BTRFS_I(src_inode)->root,
 					       readonly, inherit);
 		}
-		fdput(src);
 	}
 out_drop_write:
 	mnt_drop_write_file(file);

fs/eventfd.c

···
  */
 struct eventfd_ctx *eventfd_ctx_fdget(int fd)
 {
-	struct eventfd_ctx *ctx;
-	struct fd f = fdget(fd);
-	if (!fd_file(f))
+	CLASS(fd, f)(fd);
+	if (fd_empty(f))
 		return ERR_PTR(-EBADF);
-	ctx = eventfd_ctx_fileget(fd_file(f));
-	fdput(f);
-	return ctx;
+	return eventfd_ctx_fileget(fd_file(f));
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(eventfd_ctx_fdget);
 

fs/eventpoll.c

···
 {
 	int error;
 	int full_check = 0;
-	struct fd f, tf;
 	struct eventpoll *ep;
 	struct epitem *epi;
 	struct eventpoll *tep = NULL;
 
-	error = -EBADF;
-	f = fdget(epfd);
-	if (!fd_file(f))
-		goto error_return;
+	CLASS(fd, f)(epfd);
+	if (fd_empty(f))
+		return -EBADF;
 
 	/* Get the "struct file *" for the target file */
-	tf = fdget(fd);
-	if (!fd_file(tf))
-		goto error_fput;
+	CLASS(fd, tf)(fd);
+	if (fd_empty(tf))
+		return -EBADF;
 
 	/* The target file descriptor must support poll */
-	error = -EPERM;
 	if (!file_can_poll(fd_file(tf)))
-		goto error_tgt_fput;
+		return -EPERM;
 
 	/* Check if EPOLLWAKEUP is allowed */
 	if (ep_op_has_event(op))
···
 		loop_check_gen++;
 		mutex_unlock(&epnested_mutex);
 	}
-
-	fdput(tf);
-error_fput:
-	fdput(f);
-error_return:
-
 	return error;
 }
 

fs/fhandle.c

···
 		path_get(root);
 		spin_unlock(&fs->lock);
 	} else {
-		struct fd f = fdget(fd);
-		if (!fd_file(f))
+		CLASS(fd, f)(fd);
+		if (fd_empty(f))
 			return -EBADF;
 		*root = fd_file(f)->f_path;
 		path_get(root);
-		fdput(f);
 	}
 
 	return 0;

fs/ioctl.c

···
 static long ioctl_file_clone(struct file *dst_file, unsigned long srcfd,
 			     u64 off, u64 olen, u64 destoff)
 {
-	struct fd src_file = fdget(srcfd);
+	CLASS(fd, src_file)(srcfd);
 	loff_t cloned;
 	int ret;
 
-	if (!fd_file(src_file))
+	if (fd_empty(src_file))
 		return -EBADF;
 	cloned = vfs_clone_file_range(fd_file(src_file), off, dst_file, destoff,
 				      olen, 0);
···
 		ret = -EINVAL;
 	else
 		ret = 0;
-	fdput(src_file);
 	return ret;
 }
 
···
 
 SYSCALL_DEFINE3(ioctl, unsigned int, fd, unsigned int, cmd, unsigned long, arg)
 {
-	struct fd f = fdget(fd);
+	CLASS(fd, f)(fd);
 	int error;
 
-	if (!fd_file(f))
+	if (fd_empty(f))
 		return -EBADF;
 
 	error = security_file_ioctl(fd_file(f), cmd, arg);
 	if (error)
-		goto out;
+		return error;
 
 	error = do_vfs_ioctl(fd_file(f), fd, cmd, arg);
 	if (error == -ENOIOCTLCMD)
 		error = vfs_ioctl(fd_file(f), cmd, arg);
 
-out:
-	fdput(f);
 	return error;
 }
 
···
 COMPAT_SYSCALL_DEFINE3(ioctl, unsigned int, fd, unsigned int, cmd,
 		       compat_ulong_t, arg)
 {
-	struct fd f = fdget(fd);
+	CLASS(fd, f)(fd);
 	int error;
 
-	if (!fd_file(f))
+	if (fd_empty(f))
 		return -EBADF;
 
 	error = security_file_ioctl_compat(fd_file(f), cmd, arg);
 	if (error)
-		goto out;
+		return error;
 
 	switch (cmd) {
 	/* FICLONE takes an int argument, so don't use compat_ptr() */
···
 			error = -ENOTTY;
 		break;
 	}
-
- out:
-	fdput(f);
-
 	return error;
 }
 #endif

fs/kernel_read_file.c

···
 				 size_t buf_size, size_t *file_size,
 				 enum kernel_read_file_id id)
 {
-	struct fd f = fdget(fd);
-	ssize_t ret = -EBADF;
+	CLASS(fd, f)(fd);
 
-	if (!fd_file(f) || !(fd_file(f)->f_mode & FMODE_READ))
-		goto out;
+	if (fd_empty(f) || !(fd_file(f)->f_mode & FMODE_READ))
+		return -EBADF;
 
-	ret = kernel_read_file(fd_file(f), offset, buf, buf_size, file_size, id);
-out:
-	fdput(f);
-	return ret;
+	return kernel_read_file(fd_file(f), offset, buf, buf_size, file_size, id);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kernel_read_file_from_fd);

fs/notify/fanotify/fanotify_user.c

···
 		 dfd, filename, flags);
 
 	if (filename == NULL) {
-		struct fd f = fdget(dfd);
+		CLASS(fd, f)(dfd);
 
-		ret = -EBADF;
-		if (!fd_file(f))
-			goto out;
+		if (fd_empty(f))
+			return -EBADF;
 
-		ret = -ENOTDIR;
 		if ((flags & FAN_MARK_ONLYDIR) &&
-		    !(S_ISDIR(file_inode(fd_file(f))->i_mode))) {
-			fdput(f);
-			goto out;
-		}
+		    !(S_ISDIR(file_inode(fd_file(f))->i_mode)))
+			return -ENOTDIR;
 
 		*path = fd_file(f)->f_path;
 		path_get(path);
-		fdput(f);
 	} else {
 		unsigned int lookup_flags = 0;
 

fs/notify/inotify/inotify_user.c

···
 {
 	struct fsnotify_group *group;
 	struct inotify_inode_mark *i_mark;
-	struct fd f;
-	int ret = -EINVAL;
+	CLASS(fd, f)(fd);
 
-	f = fdget(fd);
-	if (unlikely(!fd_file(f)))
+	if (fd_empty(f))
 		return -EBADF;
 
 	/* verify that this is indeed an inotify instance */
 	if (unlikely(fd_file(f)->f_op != &inotify_fops))
-		goto out;
+		return -EINVAL;
 
 	group = fd_file(f)->private_data;
 
 	i_mark = inotify_idr_find(group, wd);
 	if (unlikely(!i_mark))
-		goto out;
-
-	ret = 0;
+		return -EINVAL;
 
 	fsnotify_destroy_mark(&i_mark->fsn_mark, group);
 
 	/* match ref taken by inotify_idr_find */
 	fsnotify_put_mark(&i_mark->fsn_mark);
-
-out:
-	fdput(f);
-	return ret;
+	return 0;
 }
 
 /*

fs/open.c

···
 
 int ksys_fallocate(int fd, int mode, loff_t offset, loff_t len)
 {
-	struct fd f = fdget(fd);
-	int error = -EBADF;
+	CLASS(fd, f)(fd);
 
-	if (fd_file(f)) {
-		error = vfs_fallocate(fd_file(f), mode, offset, len);
-		fdput(f);
-	}
-	return error;
+	if (fd_empty(f))
+		return -EBADF;
+
+	return vfs_fallocate(fd_file(f), mode, offset, len);
 }
 
 SYSCALL_DEFINE4(fallocate, int, fd, int, mode, loff_t, offset, loff_t, len)
···
 
 SYSCALL_DEFINE2(fchmod, unsigned int, fd, umode_t, mode)
 {
-	struct fd f = fdget(fd);
-	int err = -EBADF;
+	CLASS(fd, f)(fd);
 
-	if (fd_file(f)) {
-		err = vfs_fchmod(fd_file(f), mode);
-		fdput(f);
-	}
-	return err;
+	if (fd_empty(f))
+		return -EBADF;
+
+	return vfs_fchmod(fd_file(f), mode);
 }
 
 static int do_fchmodat(int dfd, const char __user *filename, umode_t mode,
···
 
 int ksys_fchown(unsigned int fd, uid_t user, gid_t group)
 {
-	struct fd f = fdget(fd);
-	int error = -EBADF;
+	CLASS(fd, f)(fd);
 
-	if (fd_file(f)) {
-		error = vfs_fchown(fd_file(f), user, group);
-		fdput(f);
-	}
-	return error;
+	if (fd_empty(f))
+		return -EBADF;
+
+	return vfs_fchown(fd_file(f), user, group);
 }
 
 SYSCALL_DEFINE3(fchown, unsigned int, fd, uid_t, user, gid_t, group)

fs/read_write.c

···
 {
 	loff_t pos_in;
 	loff_t pos_out;
-	struct fd f_in;
-	struct fd f_out;
 	ssize_t ret = -EBADF;
 
-	f_in = fdget(fd_in);
-	if (!fd_file(f_in))
-		goto out2;
+	CLASS(fd, f_in)(fd_in);
+	if (fd_empty(f_in))
+		return -EBADF;
 
-	f_out = fdget(fd_out);
-	if (!fd_file(f_out))
-		goto out1;
+	CLASS(fd, f_out)(fd_out);
+	if (fd_empty(f_out))
+		return -EBADF;
 
-	ret = -EFAULT;
 	if (off_in) {
 		if (copy_from_user(&pos_in, off_in, sizeof(loff_t)))
-			goto out;
+			return -EFAULT;
 	} else {
 		pos_in = fd_file(f_in)->f_pos;
 	}
 
 	if (off_out) {
 		if (copy_from_user(&pos_out, off_out, sizeof(loff_t)))
-			goto out;
+			return -EFAULT;
 	} else {
 		pos_out = fd_file(f_out)->f_pos;
 	}
 
-	ret = -EINVAL;
 	if (flags != 0)
-		goto out;
+		return -EINVAL;
 
 	ret = vfs_copy_file_range(fd_file(f_in), pos_in, fd_file(f_out), pos_out, len,
 				  flags);
···
 			fd_file(f_out)->f_pos = pos_out;
 		}
 	}
-
-out:
-	fdput(f_out);
-out1:
-	fdput(f_in);
-out2:
 	return ret;
 }
 

fs/signalfd.c

···
 
 		fd_install(ufd, file);
 	} else {
-		struct fd f = fdget(ufd);
-		if (!fd_file(f))
+		CLASS(fd, f)(ufd);
+		if (fd_empty(f))
 			return -EBADF;
 		ctx = fd_file(f)->private_data;
-		if (fd_file(f)->f_op != &signalfd_fops) {
-			fdput(f);
+		if (fd_file(f)->f_op != &signalfd_fops)
 			return -EINVAL;
-		}
 		spin_lock_irq(&current->sighand->siglock);
 		ctx->sigmask = *mask;
 		spin_unlock_irq(&current->sighand->siglock);
 
 		wake_up(&current->sighand->signalfd_wqh);
-		fdput(f);
 	}
 
 	return ufd;

fs/sync.c

···
  */
 SYSCALL_DEFINE1(syncfs, int, fd)
 {
-	struct fd f = fdget(fd);
+	CLASS(fd, f)(fd);
 	struct super_block *sb;
 	int ret, ret2;
 
-	if (!fd_file(f))
+	if (fd_empty(f))
 		return -EBADF;
 	sb = fd_file(f)->f_path.dentry->d_sb;
 
···
 
 	ret2 = errseq_check_and_advance(&sb->s_wb_err, &fd_file(f)->f_sb_err);
 
-	fdput(f);
 	return ret ? ret : ret2;
 }
 
···
 
 static int do_fsync(unsigned int fd, int datasync)
 {
-	struct fd f = fdget(fd);
-	int ret = -EBADF;
+	CLASS(fd, f)(fd);
 
-	if (fd_file(f)) {
-		ret = vfs_fsync(fd_file(f), datasync);
-		fdput(f);
-	}
-	return ret;
+	if (fd_empty(f))
+		return -EBADF;
+
+	return vfs_fsync(fd_file(f), datasync);
 }
 
 SYSCALL_DEFINE1(fsync, unsigned int, fd)
···
 int ksys_sync_file_range(int fd, loff_t offset, loff_t nbytes,
 			 unsigned int flags)
 {
-	int ret;
-	struct fd f;
+	CLASS(fd, f)(fd);
 
-	ret = -EBADF;
-	f = fdget(fd);
-	if (fd_file(f))
-		ret = sync_file_range(fd_file(f), offset, nbytes, flags);
+	if (fd_empty(f))
+		return -EBADF;
 
-	fdput(f);
-	return ret;
+	return sync_file_range(fd_file(f), offset, nbytes, flags);
 }
 
 SYSCALL_DEFINE4(sync_file_range, int, fd, loff_t, offset, loff_t, nbytes,

io_uring/sqpoll.c

···
 {
 	struct io_ring_ctx *ctx_attach;
 	struct io_sq_data *sqd;
-	struct fd f;
+	CLASS(fd, f)(p->wq_fd);
 
-	f = fdget(p->wq_fd);
-	if (!fd_file(f))
+	if (fd_empty(f))
 		return ERR_PTR(-ENXIO);
-	if (!io_is_uring_fops(fd_file(f))) {
-		fdput(f);
+	if (!io_is_uring_fops(fd_file(f)))
 		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
-	}
 
 	ctx_attach = fd_file(f)->private_data;
 	sqd = ctx_attach->sq_data;
-	if (!sqd) {
-		fdput(f);
+	if (!sqd)
 		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
-	}
-	if (sqd->task_tgid != current->tgid) {
-		fdput(f);
+	if (sqd->task_tgid != current->tgid)
 		return ERR_PTR(-EPERM);
-	}
 
 	refcount_inc(&sqd->refs);
-	fdput(f);
 	return sqd;
 }
 
···
 	/* Retain compatibility with failing for an invalid attach attempt */
 	if ((ctx->flags & (IORING_SETUP_ATTACH_WQ | IORING_SETUP_SQPOLL)) ==
 				IORING_SETUP_ATTACH_WQ) {
-		struct fd f;
-
-		f = fdget(p->wq_fd);
-		if (!fd_file(f))
+		CLASS(fd, f)(p->wq_fd);
+		if (fd_empty(f))
 			return -ENXIO;
-		if (!io_is_uring_fops(fd_file(f))) {
-			fdput(f);
+		if (!io_is_uring_fops(fd_file(f)))
 			return -EINVAL;
-		}
-		fdput(f);
 	}
 	if (ctx->flags & IORING_SETUP_SQPOLL) {
 		struct task_struct *tsk;

kernel/events/core.c

···
 {
 	struct perf_cgroup *cgrp;
 	struct cgroup_subsys_state *css;
-	struct fd f = fdget(fd);
+	CLASS(fd, f)(fd);
 	int ret = 0;
 
-	if (!fd_file(f))
+	if (fd_empty(f))
 		return -EBADF;
 
 	css = css_tryget_online_from_dir(fd_file(f)->f_path.dentry,
 					 &perf_event_cgrp_subsys);
-	if (IS_ERR(css)) {
-		ret = PTR_ERR(css);
-		goto out;
-	}
+	if (IS_ERR(css))
+		return PTR_ERR(css);
 
 	ret = perf_cgroup_ensure_storage(event, css);
 	if (ret)
-		goto out;
+		return ret;
 
 	cgrp = container_of(css, struct perf_cgroup, css);
 	event->cgrp = cgrp;
···
 		perf_detach_cgroup(event);
 		ret = -EINVAL;
 	}
-out:
-	fdput(f);
 	return ret;
 }
 

kernel/nsproxy.c

···
 
 SYSCALL_DEFINE2(setns, int, fd, int, flags)
 {
-	struct fd f = fdget(fd);
+	CLASS(fd, f)(fd);
 	struct ns_common *ns = NULL;
 	struct nsset nsset = {};
 	int err = 0;
 
-	if (!fd_file(f))
+	if (fd_empty(f))
 		return -EBADF;
 
 	if (proc_ns_file(fd_file(f))) {
···
 	}
 	put_nsset(&nsset);
 out:
-	fdput(f);
 	return err;
 }
 

kernel/pid.c

···
 
 struct pid *pidfd_get_pid(unsigned int fd, unsigned int *flags)
 {
-	struct fd f;
+	CLASS(fd, f)(fd);
 	struct pid *pid;
 
-	f = fdget(fd);
-	if (!fd_file(f))
+	if (fd_empty(f))
 		return ERR_PTR(-EBADF);
 
 	pid = pidfd_pid(fd_file(f));
···
 		get_pid(pid);
 		*flags = fd_file(f)->f_flags;
 	}
-
-	fdput(f);
 	return pid;
 }
 

kernel/sys.c

···
 
 static int prctl_set_mm_exe_file(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned int fd)
 {
-	struct fd exe;
+	CLASS(fd, exe)(fd);
 	struct inode *inode;
 	int err;
 
-	exe = fdget(fd);
-	if (!fd_file(exe))
+	if (fd_empty(exe))
 		return -EBADF;
 
 	inode = file_inode(fd_file(exe));
···
 	 * sure that this one is executable as well, to avoid breaking an
 	 * overall picture.
 	 */
-	err = -EACCES;
 	if (!S_ISREG(inode->i_mode) || path_noexec(&fd_file(exe)->f_path))
-		goto exit;
+		return -EACCES;
 
 	err = file_permission(fd_file(exe), MAY_EXEC);
 	if (err)
-		goto exit;
+		return err;
 
-	err = replace_mm_exe_file(mm, fd_file(exe));
-exit:
-	fdput(exe);
-	return err;
+	return replace_mm_exe_file(mm, fd_file(exe));
 }
 
 /*

kernel/watch_queue.c

···
 {
 	struct pipe_inode_info *pipe;
 	struct watch_queue *wqueue = ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
-	struct fd f;
+	CLASS(fd, f)(fd);
 
-	f = fdget(fd);
-	if (fd_file(f)) {
+	if (!fd_empty(f)) {
 		pipe = get_pipe_info(fd_file(f), false);
 		if (pipe && pipe->watch_queue) {
 			wqueue = pipe->watch_queue;
 			kref_get(&wqueue->usage);
 		}
-		fdput(f);
 	}
 
 	return wqueue;

mm/fadvise.c

···
 
 int ksys_fadvise64_64(int fd, loff_t offset, loff_t len, int advice)
 {
-	struct fd f = fdget(fd);
-	int ret;
+	CLASS(fd, f)(fd);
 
-	if (!fd_file(f))
+	if (fd_empty(f))
 		return -EBADF;
 
-	ret = vfs_fadvise(fd_file(f), offset, len, advice);
-
-	fdput(f);
-	return ret;
+	return vfs_fadvise(fd_file(f), offset, len, advice);
 }
 
 SYSCALL_DEFINE4(fadvise64_64, int, fd, loff_t, offset, loff_t, len, int, advice)

mm/readahead.c

···
 
 ssize_t ksys_readahead(int fd, loff_t offset, size_t count)
 {
-	ssize_t ret;
-	struct fd f;
+	CLASS(fd, f)(fd);
 
-	ret = -EBADF;
-	f = fdget(fd);
-	if (!fd_file(f) || !(fd_file(f)->f_mode & FMODE_READ))
-		goto out;
+	if (fd_empty(f) || !(fd_file(f)->f_mode & FMODE_READ))
+		return -EBADF;
 
 	/*
 	 * The readahead() syscall is intended to run only on files
 	 * that can execute readahead. If readahead is not possible
 	 * on this file, then we must return -EINVAL.
 	 */
-	ret = -EINVAL;
 	if (!fd_file(f)->f_mapping || !fd_file(f)->f_mapping->a_ops ||
 	    (!S_ISREG(file_inode(fd_file(f))->i_mode) &&
 	    !S_ISBLK(file_inode(fd_file(f))->i_mode)))
-		goto out;
+		return -EINVAL;
 
-	ret = vfs_fadvise(fd_file(f), offset, count, POSIX_FADV_WILLNEED);
-out:
-	fdput(f);
-	return ret;
+	return vfs_fadvise(fd_file(f), offset, count, POSIX_FADV_WILLNEED);
 }
 
 SYSCALL_DEFINE3(readahead, int, fd, loff_t, offset, size_t, count)

net/core/net_namespace.c

···
 
 struct net *get_net_ns_by_fd(int fd)
 {
-	struct fd f = fdget(fd);
-	struct net *net = ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+	CLASS(fd, f)(fd);
 
-	if (!fd_file(f))
+	if (fd_empty(f))
 		return ERR_PTR(-EBADF);
 
 	if (proc_ns_file(fd_file(f))) {
 		struct ns_common *ns = get_proc_ns(file_inode(fd_file(f)));
 		if (ns->ops == &netns_operations)
-			net = get_net(container_of(ns, struct net, ns));
+			return get_net(container_of(ns, struct net, ns));
 	}
-	fdput(f);
 
-	return net;
+	return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(get_net_ns_by_fd);
 #endif

security/landlock/syscalls.c

···
 static struct landlock_ruleset *get_ruleset_from_fd(const int fd,
 						    const fmode_t mode)
 {
-	struct fd ruleset_f;
+	CLASS(fd, ruleset_f)(fd);
 	struct landlock_ruleset *ruleset;
 
-	ruleset_f = fdget(fd);
-	if (!fd_file(ruleset_f))
+	if (fd_empty(ruleset_f))
 		return ERR_PTR(-EBADF);
 
 	/* Checks FD type and access right. */
-	if (fd_file(ruleset_f)->f_op != &ruleset_fops) {
-		ruleset = ERR_PTR(-EBADFD);
-		goto out_fdput;
-	}
-	if (!(fd_file(ruleset_f)->f_mode & mode)) {
-		ruleset = ERR_PTR(-EPERM);
-		goto out_fdput;
-	}
+	if (fd_file(ruleset_f)->f_op != &ruleset_fops)
+		return ERR_PTR(-EBADFD);
+	if (!(fd_file(ruleset_f)->f_mode & mode))
+		return ERR_PTR(-EPERM);
 	ruleset = fd_file(ruleset_f)->private_data;
-	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(ruleset->num_layers != 1)) {
-		ruleset = ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
-		goto out_fdput;
-	}
+	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(ruleset->num_layers != 1))
+		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
 	landlock_get_ruleset(ruleset);
-
-out_fdput:
-	fdput(ruleset_f);
 	return ruleset;
 }
 

virt/kvm/vfio.c

···
 {
 	struct kvm_vfio *kv = dev->private;
 	struct kvm_vfio_file *kvf;
-	struct fd f;
+	CLASS(fd, f)(fd);
 	int ret;
 
-	f = fdget(fd);
-	if (!fd_file(f))
+	if (fd_empty(f))
 		return -EBADF;
 
 	ret = -ENOENT;
···
 	kvm_vfio_update_coherency(dev);
 
 	mutex_unlock(&kv->lock);
-
-	fdput(f);
-
 	return ret;
 }