Merge tag 'v6.6-vfs.ctime' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vfs/vfs

Pull vfs timestamp updates from Christian Brauner:
"This adds VFS support for multi-grain timestamps and converts tmpfs,
xfs, ext4, and btrfs to use them. This carries acks from all relevant
filesystems.

The VFS always uses coarse-grained timestamps when updating the ctime
and mtime after a change. This has the benefit of allowing filesystems
to optimize away a lot of metadata updates, down to around 1 per
jiffy, even when a file is under heavy writes.

Unfortunately, this has always been an issue when we're exporting via
NFSv3, which relies on timestamps to validate caches. A lot of changes
can happen in a jiffy, so timestamps aren't sufficient to help the
client decide to invalidate the cache.

Even with NFSv4, a lot of exported filesystems don't properly support
a change attribute and are subject to the same problems with timestamp
granularity. Other applications have similar issues with timestamps
(e.g., backup applications).

If we were to always use fine-grained timestamps, that would improve
the situation, but that becomes rather expensive, as the underlying
filesystem would have to log a lot more metadata updates.

This introduces fine-grained timestamps that are used when they are
actively queried.

This uses the 31st bit of the ctime tv_nsec field to indicate that
something has queried the inode for the mtime or ctime. When this flag
is set, on the next mtime or ctime update, the kernel will fetch a
fine-grained timestamp instead of the usual coarse-grained one.

As POSIX generally mandates that when the mtime changes, the ctime
must also change the kernel always stores normalized ctime values, so
only the first 30 bits of the tv_nsec field are ever used.

Filesytems can opt into this behavior by setting the FS_MGTIME flag in
the fstype. Filesystems that don't set this flag will continue to use
coarse-grained timestamps.

Various preparatory changes, fixes and cleanups are included:

- Fixup all relevant places where POSIX requires updating ctime
together with mtime. This is a wide-range of places and all
maintainers provided necessary Acks.

- Add new accessors for inode->i_ctime directly and change all
callers to rely on them. Plain accesses to inode->i_ctime are now
gone and it is accordingly rename to inode->__i_ctime and commented
as requiring accessors.

- Extend generic_fillattr() to pass in a request mask mirroring in a
sense the statx() uapi. This allows callers to pass in a request
mask to only get a subset of attributes filled in.

- Rework timestamp updates so it's possible to drop the @now
parameter the update_time() inode operation and associated helpers.

- Add inode_update_timestamps() and convert all filesystems to it
removing a bunch of open-coding"

* tag 'v6.6-vfs.ctime' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vfs/vfs: (107 commits)
btrfs: convert to multigrain timestamps
ext4: switch to multigrain timestamps
xfs: switch to multigrain timestamps
tmpfs: add support for multigrain timestamps
fs: add infrastructure for multigrain timestamps
fs: drop the timespec64 argument from update_time
xfs: have xfs_vn_update_time gets its own timestamp
fat: make fat_update_time get its own timestamp
fat: remove i_version handling from fat_update_time
ubifs: have ubifs_update_time use inode_update_timestamps
btrfs: have it use inode_update_timestamps
fs: drop the timespec64 arg from generic_update_time
fs: pass the request_mask to generic_fillattr
fs: remove silly warning from current_time
gfs2: fix timestamp handling on quota inodes
fs: rename i_ctime field to __i_ctime
selinux: convert to ctime accessor functions
security: convert to ctime accessor functions
apparmor: convert to ctime accessor functions
sunrpc: convert to ctime accessor functions
...

arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/spufs/inode.c

···
 	inode->i_mode = mode;
 	inode->i_uid = current_fsuid();
 	inode->i_gid = current_fsgid();
-	inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 out:
 	return inode;
 }

arch/s390/hypfs/inode.c

···
 	struct inode *inode = d_inode(sb_info->update_file);
 
 	sb_info->last_update = ktime_get_seconds();
-	inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 }
 
 /* directory tree removal functions */
···
 		ret->i_mode = mode;
 		ret->i_uid = hypfs_info->uid;
 		ret->i_gid = hypfs_info->gid;
-		ret->i_atime = ret->i_mtime = ret->i_ctime = current_time(ret);
+		ret->i_atime = ret->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(ret);
 		if (S_ISDIR(mode))
 			set_nlink(ret, 2);
 	}

drivers/android/binderfs.c

···
 		goto err;
 
 	inode->i_ino = minor + INODE_OFFSET;
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	init_special_inode(inode, S_IFCHR | 0600,
 			   MKDEV(MAJOR(binderfs_dev), minor));
 	inode->i_fop = &binder_fops;
···
 	}
 
 	inode->i_ino = SECOND_INODE;
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	init_special_inode(inode, S_IFCHR | 0600,
 			   MKDEV(MAJOR(binderfs_dev), minor));
 	inode->i_fop = &binder_ctl_fops;
···
 	if (ret) {
 		ret->i_ino = iunique(sb, BINDERFS_MAX_MINOR + INODE_OFFSET);
 		ret->i_mode = mode;
-		ret->i_atime = ret->i_mtime = ret->i_ctime = current_time(ret);
+		ret->i_atime = ret->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(ret);
 	}
 	return ret;
 }
···
 	inode->i_ino = FIRST_INODE;
 	inode->i_fop = &simple_dir_operations;
 	inode->i_mode = S_IFDIR | 0755;
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	inode->i_op = &binderfs_dir_inode_operations;
 	set_nlink(inode, 2);
 

drivers/infiniband/hw/qib/qib_fs.c

···
 	inode->i_uid = GLOBAL_ROOT_UID;
 	inode->i_gid = GLOBAL_ROOT_GID;
 	inode->i_blocks = 0;
-	inode->i_atime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_atime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime;
-	inode->i_ctime = inode->i_atime;
 	inode->i_private = data;
 	if (S_ISDIR(mode)) {
 		inode->i_op = &simple_dir_inode_operations;

drivers/misc/ibmasm/ibmasmfs.c

···
 	if (ret) {
 		ret->i_ino = get_next_ino();
 		ret->i_mode = mode;
-		ret->i_atime = ret->i_mtime = ret->i_ctime = current_time(ret);
+		ret->i_atime = ret->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(ret);
 	}
 	return ret;
 }

drivers/misc/ibmvmc.c

···
 		goto out;
 
 	inode = file_inode(file);
-	inode->i_mtime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	mark_inode_dirty(inode);
 
 	dev_dbg(adapter->dev, "write: file = 0x%lx, count = 0x%lx\n",

drivers/usb/core/devio.c

···
 		snoop(&dev->dev, "%s: CONTROL\n", __func__);
 		ret = proc_control(ps, p);
 		if (ret >= 0)
-			inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+			inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 		break;
 
 	case USBDEVFS_BULK:
 		snoop(&dev->dev, "%s: BULK\n", __func__);
 		ret = proc_bulk(ps, p);
 		if (ret >= 0)
-			inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+			inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 		break;
 
 	case USBDEVFS_RESETEP:
 		snoop(&dev->dev, "%s: RESETEP\n", __func__);
 		ret = proc_resetep(ps, p);
 		if (ret >= 0)
-			inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+			inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 		break;
 
 	case USBDEVFS_RESET:
···
 		snoop(&dev->dev, "%s: CLEAR_HALT\n", __func__);
 		ret = proc_clearhalt(ps, p);
 		if (ret >= 0)
-			inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+			inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 		break;
 
 	case USBDEVFS_GETDRIVER:
···
 		snoop(&dev->dev, "%s: SUBMITURB\n", __func__);
 		ret = proc_submiturb(ps, p);
 		if (ret >= 0)
-			inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+			inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 		break;
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
···
 		snoop(&dev->dev, "%s: CONTROL32\n", __func__);
 		ret = proc_control_compat(ps, p);
 		if (ret >= 0)
-			inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+			inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 		break;
 
 	case USBDEVFS_BULK32:
 		snoop(&dev->dev, "%s: BULK32\n", __func__);
 		ret = proc_bulk_compat(ps, p);
 		if (ret >= 0)
-			inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+			inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 		break;
 
 	case USBDEVFS_DISCSIGNAL32:
···
 		snoop(&dev->dev, "%s: SUBMITURB32\n", __func__);
 		ret = proc_submiturb_compat(ps, p);
 		if (ret >= 0)
-			inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+			inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 		break;
 
 	case USBDEVFS_IOCTL32:

drivers/usb/gadget/function/f_fs.c

···
 	inode = new_inode(sb);
 
 	if (inode) {
-		struct timespec64 ts = current_time(inode);
+		struct timespec64 ts = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 
 		inode->i_ino	 = get_next_ino();
 		inode->i_mode    = perms->mode;
···
 		inode->i_gid     = perms->gid;
 		inode->i_atime   = ts;
 		inode->i_mtime   = ts;
-		inode->i_ctime   = ts;
 		inode->i_private = data;
 		if (fops)
 			inode->i_fop = fops;

drivers/usb/gadget/legacy/inode.c

···
 		inode->i_mode = mode;
 		inode->i_uid = make_kuid(&init_user_ns, default_uid);
 		inode->i_gid = make_kgid(&init_user_ns, default_gid);
-		inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime
-				= current_time(inode);
+		inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 		inode->i_private = data;
 		inode->i_fop = fops;
 	}

fs/9p/vfs_inode.c

···
 	inode_init_owner(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, NULL, mode);
 	inode->i_blocks = 0;
 	inode->i_rdev = rdev;
-	inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	inode->i_mapping->a_ops = &v9fs_addr_operations;
 	inode->i_private = NULL;
 
···
 	p9_debug(P9_DEBUG_VFS, "dentry: %p\n", dentry);
 	v9ses = v9fs_dentry2v9ses(dentry);
 	if (v9ses->cache & (CACHE_META|CACHE_LOOSE)) {
-		generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, stat);
+		generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, request_mask, inode, stat);
 		return 0;
 	} else if (v9ses->cache & CACHE_WRITEBACK) {
 		if (S_ISREG(inode->i_mode)) {
···
 		return PTR_ERR(st);
 
 	v9fs_stat2inode(st, d_inode(dentry), dentry->d_sb, 0);
-	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, d_inode(dentry), stat);
+	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, request_mask, d_inode(dentry), stat);
 
 	p9stat_free(st);
 	kfree(st);
···
 
 	inode->i_atime.tv_sec = stat->atime;
 	inode->i_mtime.tv_sec = stat->mtime;
-	inode->i_ctime.tv_sec = stat->mtime;
+	inode_set_ctime(inode, stat->mtime, 0);
 
 	inode->i_uid = v9ses->dfltuid;
 	inode->i_gid = v9ses->dfltgid;

fs/9p/vfs_inode_dotl.c

···
 	p9_debug(P9_DEBUG_VFS, "dentry: %p\n", dentry);
 	v9ses = v9fs_dentry2v9ses(dentry);
 	if (v9ses->cache & (CACHE_META|CACHE_LOOSE)) {
-		generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, stat);
+		generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, request_mask, inode, stat);
 		return 0;
 	} else if (v9ses->cache) {
 		if (S_ISREG(inode->i_mode)) {
···
 		return PTR_ERR(st);
 
 	v9fs_stat2inode_dotl(st, d_inode(dentry), 0);
-	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, d_inode(dentry), stat);
+	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, request_mask, d_inode(dentry), stat);
 	/* Change block size to what the server returned */
 	stat->blksize = st->st_blksize;
 
···
 		inode->i_atime.tv_nsec = stat->st_atime_nsec;
 		inode->i_mtime.tv_sec = stat->st_mtime_sec;
 		inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec = stat->st_mtime_nsec;
-		inode->i_ctime.tv_sec = stat->st_ctime_sec;
-		inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec = stat->st_ctime_nsec;
+		inode_set_ctime(inode, stat->st_ctime_sec,
+				stat->st_ctime_nsec);
 		inode->i_uid = stat->st_uid;
 		inode->i_gid = stat->st_gid;
 		set_nlink(inode, stat->st_nlink);
···
 			inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec = stat->st_mtime_nsec;
 		}
 		if (stat->st_result_mask & P9_STATS_CTIME) {
-			inode->i_ctime.tv_sec = stat->st_ctime_sec;
-			inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec = stat->st_ctime_nsec;
+			inode_set_ctime(inode, stat->st_ctime_sec,
+					stat->st_ctime_nsec);
 		}
 		if (stat->st_result_mask & P9_STATS_UID)
 			inode->i_uid = stat->st_uid;

fs/adfs/inode.c

···
 	inode->i_mode	 = adfs_atts2mode(sb, inode);
 	adfs_adfs2unix_time(&inode->i_mtime, inode);
 	inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime;
-	inode->i_ctime = inode->i_mtime;
+	inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, inode->i_mtime);
 
 	if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode)) {
 		inode->i_op	= &adfs_dir_inode_operations;
···
 	if (ia_valid & ATTR_ATIME)
 		inode->i_atime = attr->ia_atime;
 	if (ia_valid & ATTR_CTIME)
-		inode->i_ctime = attr->ia_ctime;
+		inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, attr->ia_ctime);
 	if (ia_valid & ATTR_MODE) {
 		ADFS_I(inode)->attr = adfs_mode2atts(sb, inode, attr->ia_mode);
 		inode->i_mode = adfs_atts2mode(sb, inode);

fs/affs/amigaffs.c

···
 	mark_buffer_dirty_inode(dir_bh, dir);
 	affs_brelse(dir_bh);
 
-	dir->i_mtime = dir->i_ctime = current_time(dir);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 	inode_inc_iversion(dir);
 	mark_inode_dirty(dir);
 
···
 
 	affs_brelse(bh);
 
-	dir->i_mtime = dir->i_ctime = current_time(dir);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 	inode_inc_iversion(dir);
 	mark_inode_dirty(dir);
 
···
 	else
 		clear_nlink(inode);
 	affs_unlock_link(inode);
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	mark_inode_dirty(inode);
 
 done:

fs/affs/inode.c

···
 		break;
 	}
 
-	inode->i_mtime.tv_sec = inode->i_atime.tv_sec = inode->i_ctime.tv_sec
-		       = (be32_to_cpu(tail->change.days) * 86400LL +
-		         be32_to_cpu(tail->change.mins) * 60 +
-			 be32_to_cpu(tail->change.ticks) / 50 +
-			 AFFS_EPOCH_DELTA) +
-			 sys_tz.tz_minuteswest * 60;
-	inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec = inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec = inode->i_atime.tv_nsec = 0;
+	inode->i_mtime.tv_sec = inode->i_atime.tv_sec =
+		inode_set_ctime(inode,
+				(be32_to_cpu(tail->change.days) * 86400LL +
+				 be32_to_cpu(tail->change.mins) * 60 +
+				 be32_to_cpu(tail->change.ticks) / 50 + AFFS_EPOCH_DELTA)
+				+ sys_tz.tz_minuteswest * 60, 0).tv_sec;
+	inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec = inode->i_atime.tv_nsec = 0;
 	affs_brelse(bh);
 	unlock_new_inode(inode);
 	return inode;
···
 	inode->i_gid     = current_fsgid();
 	inode->i_ino     = block;
 	set_nlink(inode, 1);
-	inode->i_mtime   = inode->i_atime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime   = inode->i_atime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	atomic_set(&AFFS_I(inode)->i_opencnt, 0);
 	AFFS_I(inode)->i_blkcnt = 0;
 	AFFS_I(inode)->i_lc = NULL;

fs/afs/dynroot.c

···
 	set_nlink(inode, 2);
 	inode->i_uid		= GLOBAL_ROOT_UID;
 	inode->i_gid		= GLOBAL_ROOT_GID;
-	inode->i_ctime = inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	inode->i_blocks		= 0;
 	inode->i_generation	= 0;
 

fs/afs/inode.c

···
 	vnode->status = *status;
 
 	t = status->mtime_client;
-	inode->i_ctime = t;
+	inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, t);
 	inode->i_mtime = t;
 	inode->i_atime = t;
 	inode->i_flags |= S_NOATIME;
···
 	t = status->mtime_client;
 	inode->i_mtime = t;
 	if (vp->update_ctime)
-		inode->i_ctime = op->ctime;
+		inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, op->ctime);
 
 	if (vnode->status.data_version != status->data_version)
 		data_changed = true;
···
 		vnode->netfs.remote_i_size = status->size;
 		if (change_size) {
 			afs_set_i_size(vnode, status->size);
-			inode->i_ctime = t;
+			inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, t);
 			inode->i_atime = t;
 		}
 	}
···
 
 	do {
 		read_seqbegin_or_lock(&vnode->cb_lock, &seq);
-		generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, stat);
+		generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, request_mask, inode, stat);
 		if (test_bit(AFS_VNODE_SILLY_DELETED, &vnode->flags) &&
 		    stat->nlink > 0)
 			stat->nlink -= 1;

fs/attr.c

···
 	if (ia_valid & ATTR_MTIME)
 		inode->i_mtime = attr->ia_mtime;
 	if (ia_valid & ATTR_CTIME)
-		inode->i_ctime = attr->ia_ctime;
+		inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, attr->ia_ctime);
 	if (ia_valid & ATTR_MODE) {
 		umode_t mode = attr->ia_mode;
 		if (!in_group_or_capable(idmap, inode,

fs/autofs/inode.c

···
 		inode->i_uid = d_inode(sb->s_root)->i_uid;
 		inode->i_gid = d_inode(sb->s_root)->i_gid;
 	}
-	inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	inode->i_ino = get_next_ino();
 
 	if (S_ISDIR(mode)) {

fs/autofs/root.c

···
 	p_ino = autofs_dentry_ino(dentry->d_parent);
 	p_ino->count++;
 
-	dir->i_mtime = dir->i_ctime = current_time(dir);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 
 	return 0;
 }
···
 	d_inode(dentry)->i_size = 0;
 	clear_nlink(d_inode(dentry));
 
-	dir->i_mtime = dir->i_ctime = current_time(dir);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 
 	spin_lock(&sbi->lookup_lock);
 	__autofs_add_expiring(dentry);
···
 	p_ino = autofs_dentry_ino(dentry->d_parent);
 	p_ino->count++;
 	inc_nlink(dir);
-	dir->i_mtime = dir->i_ctime = current_time(dir);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 
 	return 0;
 }

fs/bad_inode.c

···
 	return -EIO;
 }
 
-static int bad_inode_update_time(struct inode *inode, struct timespec64 *time,
-				 int flags)
+static int bad_inode_update_time(struct inode *inode, int flags)
 {
 	return -EIO;
 }
···
 	remove_inode_hash(inode);
 
 	inode->i_mode = S_IFREG;
-	inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime =
-		current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	inode->i_op = &bad_inode_ops;	
 	inode->i_opflags &= ~IOP_XATTR;
 	inode->i_fop = &bad_file_ops;	

fs/befs/linuxvfs.c

···
 	inode->i_mtime.tv_sec =
 	    fs64_to_cpu(sb, raw_inode->last_modified_time) >> 16;
 	inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec = 0;   /* lower 16 bits are not a time */
-	inode->i_ctime = inode->i_mtime;
+	inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, inode->i_mtime);
 	inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime;
 
 	befs_ino->i_inode_num = fsrun_to_cpu(sb, raw_inode->inode_num);

fs/bfs/dir.c

···
 	set_bit(ino, info->si_imap);
 	info->si_freei--;
 	inode_init_owner(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, dir, mode);
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	inode->i_blocks = 0;
 	inode->i_op = &bfs_file_inops;
 	inode->i_fop = &bfs_file_operations;
···
 		return err;
 	}
 	inc_nlink(inode);
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	mark_inode_dirty(inode);
 	ihold(inode);
 	d_instantiate(new, inode);
···
 	}
 	de->ino = 0;
 	mark_buffer_dirty_inode(bh, dir);
-	dir->i_ctime = dir->i_mtime = current_time(dir);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 	mark_inode_dirty(dir);
-	inode->i_ctime = dir->i_ctime;
+	inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, inode_get_ctime(dir));
 	inode_dec_link_count(inode);
 	error = 0;
 
···
 			goto end_rename;
 	}
 	old_de->ino = 0;
-	old_dir->i_ctime = old_dir->i_mtime = current_time(old_dir);
+	old_dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(old_dir);
 	mark_inode_dirty(old_dir);
 	if (new_inode) {
-		new_inode->i_ctime = current_time(new_inode);
+		inode_set_ctime_current(new_inode);
 		inode_dec_link_count(new_inode);
 	}
 	mark_buffer_dirty_inode(old_bh, old_dir);
···
 				pos = (block - sblock) * BFS_BSIZE + off;
 				if (pos >= dir->i_size) {
 					dir->i_size += BFS_DIRENT_SIZE;
-					dir->i_ctime = current_time(dir);
+					inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 				}
-				dir->i_mtime = current_time(dir);
+				dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 				mark_inode_dirty(dir);
 				de->ino = cpu_to_le16((u16)ino);
 				for (i = 0; i < BFS_NAMELEN; i++)

fs/bfs/inode.c

···
 	inode->i_blocks = BFS_FILEBLOCKS(di);
 	inode->i_atime.tv_sec =  le32_to_cpu(di->i_atime);
 	inode->i_mtime.tv_sec =  le32_to_cpu(di->i_mtime);
-	inode->i_ctime.tv_sec =  le32_to_cpu(di->i_ctime);
+	inode_set_ctime(inode, le32_to_cpu(di->i_ctime), 0);
 	inode->i_atime.tv_nsec = 0;
 	inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec = 0;
-	inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec = 0;
 
 	brelse(bh);
 	unlock_new_inode(inode);
···
 	di->i_nlink = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_nlink);
 	di->i_atime = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_atime.tv_sec);
 	di->i_mtime = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_mtime.tv_sec);
-	di->i_ctime = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_ctime.tv_sec);
+	di->i_ctime = cpu_to_le32(inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_sec);
 	i_sblock = BFS_I(inode)->i_sblock;
 	di->i_sblock = cpu_to_le32(i_sblock);
 	di->i_eblock = cpu_to_le32(BFS_I(inode)->i_eblock);

fs/binfmt_misc.c

···
 	if (inode) {
 		inode->i_ino = get_next_ino();
 		inode->i_mode = mode;
-		inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime =
-			current_time(inode);
+		inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	}
 	return inode;
 }

fs/btrfs/delayed-inode.c

···
 				      inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec);
 
 	btrfs_set_stack_timespec_sec(&inode_item->ctime,
-				     inode->i_ctime.tv_sec);
+				     inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_sec);
 	btrfs_set_stack_timespec_nsec(&inode_item->ctime,
-				      inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec);
+				      inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_nsec);
 
 	btrfs_set_stack_timespec_sec(&inode_item->otime,
 				     BTRFS_I(inode)->i_otime.tv_sec);
···
 	inode->i_mtime.tv_sec = btrfs_stack_timespec_sec(&inode_item->mtime);
 	inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec = btrfs_stack_timespec_nsec(&inode_item->mtime);
 
-	inode->i_ctime.tv_sec = btrfs_stack_timespec_sec(&inode_item->ctime);
-	inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec = btrfs_stack_timespec_nsec(&inode_item->ctime);
+	inode_set_ctime(inode, btrfs_stack_timespec_sec(&inode_item->ctime),
+			btrfs_stack_timespec_nsec(&inode_item->ctime));
 
 	BTRFS_I(inode)->i_otime.tv_sec =
 		btrfs_stack_timespec_sec(&inode_item->otime);

fs/btrfs/file.c

···
 	btrfs_drew_write_unlock(&inode->root->snapshot_lock);
 }
 
-static void update_time_for_write(struct inode *inode)
-{
-	struct timespec64 now;
-
-	if (IS_NOCMTIME(inode))
-		return;
-
-	now = current_time(inode);
-	if (!timespec64_equal(&inode->i_mtime, &now))
-		inode->i_mtime = now;
-
-	if (!timespec64_equal(&inode->i_ctime, &now))
-		inode->i_ctime = now;
-
-	if (IS_I_VERSION(inode))
-		inode_inc_iversion(inode);
-}
-
 static int btrfs_write_check(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *from,
 			     size_t count)
 {
···
 	 * need to start yet another transaction to update the inode as we will
 	 * update the inode when we finish writing whatever data we write.
 	 */
-	update_time_for_write(inode);
+	if (!IS_NOCMTIME(inode)) {
+		inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
+		inode_inc_iversion(inode);
+	}
 
 	start_pos = round_down(pos, fs_info->sectorsize);
 	oldsize = i_size_read(inode);
···
 		 */
 		inode_inc_iversion(&inode->vfs_inode);
 
-		if (!extent_info || extent_info->update_times) {
-			inode->vfs_inode.i_mtime = current_time(&inode->vfs_inode);
-			inode->vfs_inode.i_ctime = inode->vfs_inode.i_mtime;
-		}
+		if (!extent_info || extent_info->update_times)
+			inode->vfs_inode.i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(&inode->vfs_inode);
 
 		ret = btrfs_update_inode(trans, root, inode);
 		if (ret)
···
 
 	ASSERT(trans != NULL);
 	inode_inc_iversion(inode);
-	inode->i_mtime = current_time(inode);
-	inode->i_ctime = inode->i_mtime;
+	inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	ret = btrfs_update_inode(trans, root, BTRFS_I(inode));
 	updated_inode = true;
 	btrfs_end_transaction(trans);
···
 		 * for detecting, at fsync time, if the inode isn't yet in the
 		 * log tree or it's there but not up to date.
 		 */
-		struct timespec64 now = current_time(inode);
+		struct timespec64 now = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 
 		inode_inc_iversion(inode);
 		inode->i_mtime = now;
-		inode->i_ctime = now;
 		trans = btrfs_start_transaction(root, 1);
 		if (IS_ERR(trans)) {
 			ret = PTR_ERR(trans);
···
 	if (IS_ERR(trans))
 		return PTR_ERR(trans);
 
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	i_size_write(inode, end);
 	btrfs_inode_safe_disk_i_size_write(BTRFS_I(inode), 0);
 	ret = btrfs_update_inode(trans, root, BTRFS_I(inode));

fs/btrfs/inode.c

···
 	inode->i_mtime.tv_sec = btrfs_timespec_sec(leaf, &inode_item->mtime);
 	inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec = btrfs_timespec_nsec(leaf, &inode_item->mtime);
 
-	inode->i_ctime.tv_sec = btrfs_timespec_sec(leaf, &inode_item->ctime);
-	inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec = btrfs_timespec_nsec(leaf, &inode_item->ctime);
+	inode_set_ctime(inode, btrfs_timespec_sec(leaf, &inode_item->ctime),
+			btrfs_timespec_nsec(leaf, &inode_item->ctime));
 
 	BTRFS_I(inode)->i_otime.tv_sec =
 		btrfs_timespec_sec(leaf, &inode_item->otime);
···
 				      inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec);
 
 	btrfs_set_token_timespec_sec(&token, &item->ctime,
-				     inode->i_ctime.tv_sec);
+				     inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_sec);
 	btrfs_set_token_timespec_nsec(&token, &item->ctime,
-				      inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec);
+				      inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_nsec);
 
 	btrfs_set_token_timespec_sec(&token, &item->otime,
 				     BTRFS_I(inode)->i_otime.tv_sec);
···
 	btrfs_i_size_write(dir, dir->vfs_inode.i_size - name->len * 2);
 	inode_inc_iversion(&inode->vfs_inode);
 	inode_inc_iversion(&dir->vfs_inode);
-	inode->vfs_inode.i_ctime = current_time(&inode->vfs_inode);
-	dir->vfs_inode.i_mtime = inode->vfs_inode.i_ctime;
-	dir->vfs_inode.i_ctime = inode->vfs_inode.i_ctime;
+	inode_set_ctime_current(&inode->vfs_inode);
+	dir->vfs_inode.i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(&dir->vfs_inode);
 	ret = btrfs_update_inode(trans, root, dir);
 out:
 	return ret;
···
 
 	btrfs_i_size_write(dir, dir->vfs_inode.i_size - fname.disk_name.len * 2);
 	inode_inc_iversion(&dir->vfs_inode);
-	dir->vfs_inode.i_mtime = current_time(&dir->vfs_inode);
-	dir->vfs_inode.i_ctime = dir->vfs_inode.i_mtime;
+	dir->vfs_inode.i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(&dir->vfs_inode);
 	ret = btrfs_update_inode_fallback(trans, root, dir);
 	if (ret)
 		btrfs_abort_transaction(trans, ret);
···
 	if (newsize != oldsize) {
 		inode_inc_iversion(inode);
 		if (!(mask & (ATTR_CTIME | ATTR_MTIME))) {
-			inode->i_mtime = current_time(inode);
-			inode->i_ctime = inode->i_mtime;
+			inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 		}
 	}
 
···
 	inode->i_opflags &= ~IOP_XATTR;
 	inode->i_fop = &simple_dir_operations;
 	inode->i_mode = S_IFDIR | S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR | S_IXUGO;
-	inode->i_mtime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime;
-	inode->i_ctime = inode->i_mtime;
 	BTRFS_I(inode)->i_otime = inode->i_mtime;
 
 	return inode;
···
  * This is a copy of file_update_time.  We need this so we can return error on
  * ENOSPC for updating the inode in the case of file write and mmap writes.
  */
-static int btrfs_update_time(struct inode *inode, struct timespec64 *now,
-			     int flags)
+static int btrfs_update_time(struct inode *inode, int flags)
 {
 	struct btrfs_root *root = BTRFS_I(inode)->root;
 	bool dirty = flags & ~S_VERSION;
···
 	if (btrfs_root_readonly(root))
 		return -EROFS;
 
-	if (flags & S_VERSION)
-		dirty |= inode_maybe_inc_iversion(inode, dirty);
-	if (flags & S_CTIME)
-		inode->i_ctime = *now;
-	if (flags & S_MTIME)
-		inode->i_mtime = *now;
-	if (flags & S_ATIME)
-		inode->i_atime = *now;
+	dirty = inode_update_timestamps(inode, flags);
 	return dirty ? btrfs_dirty_inode(BTRFS_I(inode)) : 0;
 }
 
···
 		goto discard;
 	}
 
-	inode->i_mtime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime;
-	inode->i_ctime = inode->i_mtime;
 	BTRFS_I(inode)->i_otime = inode->i_mtime;
 
 	/*
···
 	 * log replay procedure is responsible for setting them to their correct
 	 * values (the ones it had when the fsync was done).
 	 */
-	if (!test_bit(BTRFS_FS_LOG_RECOVERING, &root->fs_info->flags)) {
-		struct timespec64 now = current_time(&parent_inode->vfs_inode);
+	if (!test_bit(BTRFS_FS_LOG_RECOVERING, &root->fs_info->flags))
+		parent_inode->vfs_inode.i_mtime =
+			inode_set_ctime_current(&parent_inode->vfs_inode);
 
-		parent_inode->vfs_inode.i_mtime = now;
-		parent_inode->vfs_inode.i_ctime = now;
-	}
 	ret = btrfs_update_inode(trans, root, parent_inode);
 	if (ret)
 		btrfs_abort_transaction(trans, ret);
···
 	BTRFS_I(inode)->dir_index = 0ULL;
 	inc_nlink(inode);
 	inode_inc_iversion(inode);
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	ihold(inode);
 	set_bit(BTRFS_INODE_COPY_EVERYTHING, &BTRFS_I(inode)->runtime_flags);
 
···
 				  STATX_ATTR_IMMUTABLE |
 				  STATX_ATTR_NODUMP);
 
-	generic_fillattr(idmap, inode, stat);
+	generic_fillattr(idmap, request_mask, inode, stat);
 	stat->dev = BTRFS_I(inode)->root->anon_dev;
 
 	spin_lock(&BTRFS_I(inode)->lock);
···
 	struct btrfs_root *dest = BTRFS_I(new_dir)->root;
 	struct inode *new_inode = new_dentry->d_inode;
 	struct inode *old_inode = old_dentry->d_inode;
-	struct timespec64 ctime = current_time(old_inode);
 	struct btrfs_rename_ctx old_rename_ctx;
 	struct btrfs_rename_ctx new_rename_ctx;
 	u64 old_ino = btrfs_ino(BTRFS_I(old_inode));
···
 	inode_inc_iversion(new_dir);
 	inode_inc_iversion(old_inode);
 	inode_inc_iversion(new_inode);
-	old_dir->i_mtime = ctime;
-	old_dir->i_ctime = ctime;
-	new_dir->i_mtime = ctime;
-	new_dir->i_ctime = ctime;
-	old_inode->i_ctime = ctime;
-	new_inode->i_ctime = ctime;
+	simple_rename_timestamp(old_dir, old_dentry, new_dir, new_dentry);
 
 	if (old_dentry->d_parent != new_dentry->d_parent) {
 		btrfs_record_unlink_dir(trans, BTRFS_I(old_dir),
···
 	inode_inc_iversion(old_dir);
 	inode_inc_iversion(new_dir);
 	inode_inc_iversion(old_inode);
-	old_dir->i_mtime = current_time(old_dir);
-	old_dir->i_ctime = old_dir->i_mtime;
-	new_dir->i_mtime = old_dir->i_mtime;
-	new_dir->i_ctime = old_dir->i_mtime;
-	old_inode->i_ctime = old_dir->i_mtime;
+	simple_rename_timestamp(old_dir, old_dentry, new_dir, new_dentry);
 
 	if (old_dentry->d_parent != new_dentry->d_parent)
 		btrfs_record_unlink_dir(trans, BTRFS_I(old_dir),
···
 
 	if (new_inode) {
 		inode_inc_iversion(new_inode);
-		new_inode->i_ctime = current_time(new_inode);
 		if (unlikely(btrfs_ino(BTRFS_I(new_inode)) ==
 			     BTRFS_EMPTY_SUBVOL_DIR_OBJECTID)) {
 			ret = btrfs_unlink_subvol(trans, BTRFS_I(new_dir), new_dentry);
···
 		*alloc_hint = ins.objectid + ins.offset;
 
 		inode_inc_iversion(inode);
-		inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+		inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 		BTRFS_I(inode)->flags |= BTRFS_INODE_PREALLOC;
 		if (!(mode & FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE) &&
 		    (actual_len > inode->i_size) &&

fs/btrfs/ioctl.c

···
 	binode->flags = binode_flags;
 	btrfs_sync_inode_flags_to_i_flags(inode);
 	inode_inc_iversion(inode);
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	ret = btrfs_update_inode(trans, root, BTRFS_I(inode));
 
  out_end_trans:

fs/btrfs/reflink.c

···
 
 	inode_inc_iversion(inode);
 	if (!no_time_update) {
-		inode->i_mtime = current_time(inode);
-		inode->i_ctime = inode->i_mtime;
+		inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	}
 	/*
 	 * We round up to the block size at eof when determining which

fs/btrfs/super.c

···
 	.name		= "btrfs",
 	.mount		= btrfs_mount,
 	.kill_sb	= btrfs_kill_super,
-	.fs_flags	= FS_REQUIRES_DEV | FS_BINARY_MOUNTDATA,
+	.fs_flags	= FS_REQUIRES_DEV | FS_BINARY_MOUNTDATA | FS_MGTIME,
 };
 
 static struct file_system_type btrfs_root_fs_type = {
···
 	.name		= "btrfs",
 	.mount		= btrfs_mount_root,
 	.kill_sb	= btrfs_kill_super,
-	.fs_flags	= FS_REQUIRES_DEV | FS_BINARY_MOUNTDATA | FS_ALLOW_IDMAP,
+	.fs_flags	= FS_REQUIRES_DEV | FS_BINARY_MOUNTDATA |
+			  FS_ALLOW_IDMAP | FS_MGTIME,
 };
 
 MODULE_ALIAS_FS("btrfs");

fs/btrfs/transaction.c

···
 
 	btrfs_i_size_write(BTRFS_I(parent_inode), parent_inode->i_size +
 						  fname.disk_name.len * 2);
-	parent_inode->i_mtime = current_time(parent_inode);
-	parent_inode->i_ctime = parent_inode->i_mtime;
+	parent_inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(parent_inode);
 	ret = btrfs_update_inode_fallback(trans, parent_root, BTRFS_I(parent_inode));
 	if (ret) {
 		btrfs_abort_transaction(trans, ret);

fs/btrfs/tree-log.c

···
 				      inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec);
 
 	btrfs_set_token_timespec_sec(&token, &item->ctime,
-				     inode->i_ctime.tv_sec);
+				     inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_sec);
 	btrfs_set_token_timespec_nsec(&token, &item->ctime,
-				      inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec);
+				      inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_nsec);
 
 	/*
 	 * We do not need to set the nbytes field, in fact during a fast fsync

fs/btrfs/volumes.c

···
 static void update_dev_time(const char *device_path)
 {
 	struct path path;
-	struct timespec64 now;
 	int ret;
 
 	ret = kern_path(device_path, LOOKUP_FOLLOW, &path);
 	if (ret)
 		return;
 
-	now = current_time(d_inode(path.dentry));
-	inode_update_time(d_inode(path.dentry), &now, S_MTIME | S_CTIME | S_VERSION);
+	inode_update_time(d_inode(path.dentry), S_MTIME | S_CTIME | S_VERSION);
 	path_put(&path);
 }
 

fs/btrfs/xattr.c

···
 		goto out;
 
 	inode_inc_iversion(inode);
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	ret = btrfs_update_inode(trans, root, BTRFS_I(inode));
 	if (ret)
 		btrfs_abort_transaction(trans, ret);
···
 	ret = btrfs_set_prop(trans, inode, name, value, size, flags);
 	if (!ret) {
 		inode_inc_iversion(inode);
-		inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+		inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 		ret = btrfs_update_inode(trans, root, BTRFS_I(inode));
 		if (ret)
 			btrfs_abort_transaction(trans, ret);

fs/ceph/acl.c

···
 	char *value = NULL;
 	struct iattr newattrs;
 	struct inode *inode = d_inode(dentry);
-	struct timespec64 old_ctime = inode->i_ctime;
+	struct timespec64 old_ctime = inode_get_ctime(inode);
 	umode_t new_mode = inode->i_mode, old_mode = inode->i_mode;
 
 	if (ceph_snap(inode) != CEPH_NOSNAP) {

fs/ceph/caps.c

···
 
 	arg->mtime = inode->i_mtime;
 	arg->atime = inode->i_atime;
-	arg->ctime = inode->i_ctime;
+	arg->ctime = inode_get_ctime(inode);
 	arg->btime = ci->i_btime;
 	arg->change_attr = inode_peek_iversion_raw(inode);
 

fs/ceph/inode.c

···
 	inode->i_uid = parent->i_uid;
 	inode->i_gid = parent->i_gid;
 	inode->i_mtime = parent->i_mtime;
-	inode->i_ctime = parent->i_ctime;
+	inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, inode_get_ctime(parent));
 	inode->i_atime = parent->i_atime;
 	ci->i_rbytes = 0;
 	ci->i_btime = ceph_inode(parent)->i_btime;
···
 			 struct timespec64 *mtime, struct timespec64 *atime)
 {
 	struct ceph_inode_info *ci = ceph_inode(inode);
+	struct timespec64 ictime = inode_get_ctime(inode);
 	int warn = 0;
 
 	if (issued & (CEPH_CAP_FILE_EXCL|
···
 		      CEPH_CAP_AUTH_EXCL|
 		      CEPH_CAP_XATTR_EXCL)) {
 		if (ci->i_version == 0 ||
-		    timespec64_compare(ctime, &inode->i_ctime) > 0) {
+		    timespec64_compare(ctime, &ictime) > 0) {
 			dout("ctime %lld.%09ld -> %lld.%09ld inc w/ cap\n",
-			     inode->i_ctime.tv_sec, inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec,
+			     ictime.tv_sec, ictime.tv_nsec,
 			     ctime->tv_sec, ctime->tv_nsec);
-			inode->i_ctime = *ctime;
+			inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, *ctime);
 		}
 		if (ci->i_version == 0 ||
 		    ceph_seq_cmp(time_warp_seq, ci->i_time_warp_seq) > 0) {
···
 	} else {
 		/* we have no write|excl caps; whatever the MDS says is true */
 		if (ceph_seq_cmp(time_warp_seq, ci->i_time_warp_seq) >= 0) {
-			inode->i_ctime = *ctime;
+			inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, *ctime);
 			inode->i_mtime = *mtime;
 			inode->i_atime = *atime;
 			ci->i_time_warp_seq = time_warp_seq;
···
 		bool only = (ia_valid & (ATTR_SIZE|ATTR_MTIME|ATTR_ATIME|
 					 ATTR_MODE|ATTR_UID|ATTR_GID)) == 0;
 		dout("setattr %p ctime %lld.%ld -> %lld.%ld (%s)\n", inode,
-		     inode->i_ctime.tv_sec, inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec,
+		     inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_sec,
+		     inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_nsec,
 		     attr->ia_ctime.tv_sec, attr->ia_ctime.tv_nsec,
 		     only ? "ctime only" : "ignored");
 		if (only) {
···
 	if (dirtied) {
 		inode_dirty_flags = __ceph_mark_dirty_caps(ci, dirtied,
 							   &prealloc_cf);
-		inode->i_ctime = attr->ia_ctime;
+		inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, attr->ia_ctime);
 		inode_inc_iversion_raw(inode);
 	}
 
···
 			return err;
 	}
 
-	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, stat);
+	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, request_mask, inode, stat);
 	stat->ino = ceph_present_inode(inode);
 
 	/*

fs/ceph/snap.c

···
 	capsnap->size = i_size_read(inode);
 	capsnap->mtime = inode->i_mtime;
 	capsnap->atime = inode->i_atime;
-	capsnap->ctime = inode->i_ctime;
+	capsnap->ctime = inode_get_ctime(inode);
 	capsnap->btime = ci->i_btime;
 	capsnap->change_attr = inode_peek_iversion_raw(inode);
 	capsnap->time_warp_seq = ci->i_time_warp_seq;

fs/ceph/xattr.c

···
 		dirty = __ceph_mark_dirty_caps(ci, CEPH_CAP_XATTR_EXCL,
 					       &prealloc_cf);
 		ci->i_xattrs.dirty = true;
-		inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+		inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	}
 
 	spin_unlock(&ci->i_ceph_lock);

fs/coda/coda_linux.c

···
 	if (attr->va_mtime.tv_sec != -1)
 		inode->i_mtime = coda_to_timespec64(attr->va_mtime);
         if (attr->va_ctime.tv_sec != -1)
-		inode->i_ctime = coda_to_timespec64(attr->va_ctime);
+		inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode,
+				      coda_to_timespec64(attr->va_ctime));
 }
 
 

fs/coda/dir.c

···
 	/* optimistically we can also act as if our nose bleeds. The
 	 * granularity of the mtime is coarse anyways so we might actually be
 	 * right most of the time. Note: we only do this for directories. */
-	dir->i_mtime = dir->i_ctime = current_time(dir);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 #endif
 }
 

fs/coda/file.c

···
 	ret = vfs_iter_write(cfi->cfi_container, to, &iocb->ki_pos, 0);
 	coda_inode->i_size = file_inode(host_file)->i_size;
 	coda_inode->i_blocks = (coda_inode->i_size + 511) >> 9;
-	coda_inode->i_mtime = coda_inode->i_ctime = current_time(coda_inode);
+	coda_inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(coda_inode);
 	inode_unlock(coda_inode);
 	file_end_write(host_file);
 

fs/coda/inode.c

···
 {
 	int err = coda_revalidate_inode(d_inode(path->dentry));
 	if (!err)
-		generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, d_inode(path->dentry), stat);
+		generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, request_mask,
+				 d_inode(path->dentry), stat);
 	return err;
 }
 
···
 
 	memset(&vattr, 0, sizeof(vattr)); 
 
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	coda_iattr_to_vattr(iattr, &vattr);
 	vattr.va_type = C_VNON; /* cannot set type */
 

fs/configfs/inode.c

···
 static inline void set_default_inode_attr(struct inode * inode, umode_t mode)
 {
 	inode->i_mode = mode;
-	inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime =
-		inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 }
 
 static inline void set_inode_attr(struct inode * inode, struct iattr * iattr)
···
 	inode->i_gid = iattr->ia_gid;
 	inode->i_atime = iattr->ia_atime;
 	inode->i_mtime = iattr->ia_mtime;
-	inode->i_ctime = iattr->ia_ctime;
+	inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, iattr->ia_ctime);
 }
 
 struct inode *configfs_new_inode(umode_t mode, struct configfs_dirent *sd,
···
 		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
 
 	p_inode = d_inode(dentry->d_parent);
-	p_inode->i_mtime = p_inode->i_ctime = current_time(p_inode);
+	p_inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(p_inode);
 	configfs_set_inode_lock_class(sd, inode);
 	return inode;
 }

fs/cramfs/inode.c

···
 	}
 
 	/* Struct copy intentional */
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode->i_ctime = zerotime;
+	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode,
+								zerotime);
 	/* inode->i_nlink is left 1 - arguably wrong for directories,
 	   but it's the best we can do without reading the directory
 	   contents.  1 yields the right result in GNU find, even

fs/debugfs/inode.c

···
 	struct inode *inode = new_inode(sb);
 	if (inode) {
 		inode->i_ino = get_next_ino();
-		inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime =
-			inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+		inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	}
 	return inode;
 }

fs/devpts/inode.c

···
 	}
 
 	inode->i_ino = 2;
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 
 	mode = S_IFCHR|opts->ptmxmode;
 	init_special_inode(inode, mode, MKDEV(TTYAUX_MAJOR, 2));
···
 	if (!inode)
 		goto fail;
 	inode->i_ino = 1;
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	inode->i_mode = S_IFDIR | S_IRUGO | S_IXUGO | S_IWUSR;
 	inode->i_op = &simple_dir_inode_operations;
 	inode->i_fop = &simple_dir_operations;
···
 	inode->i_ino = index + 3;
 	inode->i_uid = opts->setuid ? opts->uid : current_fsuid();
 	inode->i_gid = opts->setgid ? opts->gid : current_fsgid();
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	init_special_inode(inode, S_IFCHR|opts->mode, MKDEV(UNIX98_PTY_SLAVE_MAJOR, index));
 
 	sprintf(s, "%d", index);

fs/ecryptfs/inode.c

···
 	}
 	fsstack_copy_attr_times(dir, lower_dir);
 	set_nlink(inode, ecryptfs_inode_to_lower(inode)->i_nlink);
-	inode->i_ctime = dir->i_ctime;
+	inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, inode_get_ctime(dir));
 out_unlock:
 	dput(lower_dentry);
 	inode_unlock(lower_dir);
···
 
 	mount_crypt_stat = &ecryptfs_superblock_to_private(
 						dentry->d_sb)->mount_crypt_stat;
-	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, d_inode(dentry), stat);
+	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, request_mask, d_inode(dentry), stat);
 	if (mount_crypt_stat->flags & ECRYPTFS_GLOBAL_ENCRYPT_FILENAMES) {
 		char *target;
 		size_t targetsiz;
···
 	if (!rc) {
 		fsstack_copy_attr_all(d_inode(dentry),
 				      ecryptfs_inode_to_lower(d_inode(dentry)));
-		generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, d_inode(dentry), stat);
+		generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, request_mask,
+				 d_inode(dentry), stat);
 		stat->blocks = lower_stat.blocks;
 	}
 	return rc;

fs/efivarfs/file.c

···
 	} else {
 		inode_lock(inode);
 		i_size_write(inode, datasize + sizeof(attributes));
-		inode->i_mtime = current_time(inode);
+		inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 		inode_unlock(inode);
 	}
 

fs/efivarfs/inode.c

···
 	if (inode) {
 		inode->i_ino = get_next_ino();
 		inode->i_mode = mode;
-		inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+		inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 		inode->i_flags = is_removable ? 0 : S_IMMUTABLE;
 		switch (mode & S_IFMT) {
 		case S_IFREG:

fs/efs/inode.c

···
 	inode->i_size  = be32_to_cpu(efs_inode->di_size);
 	inode->i_atime.tv_sec = be32_to_cpu(efs_inode->di_atime);
 	inode->i_mtime.tv_sec = be32_to_cpu(efs_inode->di_mtime);
-	inode->i_ctime.tv_sec = be32_to_cpu(efs_inode->di_ctime);
-	inode->i_atime.tv_nsec = inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec = inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec = 0;
+	inode_set_ctime(inode, be32_to_cpu(efs_inode->di_ctime), 0);
+	inode->i_atime.tv_nsec = inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec = 0;
 
 	/* this is the number of blocks in the file */
 	if (inode->i_size == 0) {

fs/erofs/inode.c

···
 		set_nlink(inode, le32_to_cpu(die->i_nlink));
 
 		/* extended inode has its own timestamp */
-		inode->i_ctime.tv_sec = le64_to_cpu(die->i_mtime);
-		inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec = le32_to_cpu(die->i_mtime_nsec);
+		inode_set_ctime(inode, le64_to_cpu(die->i_mtime),
+				le32_to_cpu(die->i_mtime_nsec));
 
 		inode->i_size = le64_to_cpu(die->i_size);
 
···
 		set_nlink(inode, le16_to_cpu(dic->i_nlink));
 
 		/* use build time for compact inodes */
-		inode->i_ctime.tv_sec = sbi->build_time;
-		inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec = sbi->build_time_nsec;
+		inode_set_ctime(inode, sbi->build_time, sbi->build_time_nsec);
 
 		inode->i_size = le32_to_cpu(dic->i_size);
 		if (erofs_inode_is_data_compressed(vi->datalayout))
···
 		vi->chunkbits = sb->s_blocksize_bits +
 			(vi->chunkformat & EROFS_CHUNK_FORMAT_BLKBITS_MASK);
 	}
-	inode->i_mtime.tv_sec = inode->i_ctime.tv_sec;
-	inode->i_atime.tv_sec = inode->i_ctime.tv_sec;
-	inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec = inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec;
-	inode->i_atime.tv_nsec = inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec;
+	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode_get_ctime(inode);
 
 	inode->i_flags &= ~S_DAX;
 	if (test_opt(&sbi->opt, DAX_ALWAYS) && S_ISREG(inode->i_mode) &&
···
 	stat->attributes_mask |= (STATX_ATTR_COMPRESSED |
 				  STATX_ATTR_IMMUTABLE);
 
-	generic_fillattr(idmap, inode, stat);
+	generic_fillattr(idmap, request_mask, inode, stat);
 	return 0;
 }
 

fs/exfat/file.c

···
 	if (err)
 		return err;
 
-	inode->i_ctime = inode->i_mtime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	mark_inode_dirty(inode);
 
 	if (!IS_SYNC(inode))
···
 	struct inode *inode = d_backing_inode(path->dentry);
 	struct exfat_inode_info *ei = EXFAT_I(inode);
 
-	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, stat);
+	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, request_mask, inode, stat);
 	exfat_truncate_atime(&stat->atime);
 	stat->result_mask |= STATX_BTIME;
 	stat->btime.tv_sec = ei->i_crtime.tv_sec;
···
 	}
 
 	if (attr->ia_valid & ATTR_SIZE)
-		inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+		inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 
 	setattr_copy(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, attr);
 	exfat_truncate_atime(&inode->i_atime);

fs/exfat/inode.c

···
 
 	if (to > i_size_read(inode)) {
 		truncate_pagecache(inode, i_size_read(inode));
-		inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+		inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 		exfat_truncate(inode);
 	}
 }
···
 		exfat_write_failed(mapping, pos+len);
 
 	if (!(err < 0) && !(ei->attr & ATTR_ARCHIVE)) {
-		inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+		inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 		ei->attr |= ATTR_ARCHIVE;
 		mark_inode_dirty(inode);
 	}
···
 
 	inode->i_blocks = round_up(i_size_read(inode), sbi->cluster_size) >> 9;
 	inode->i_mtime = info->mtime;
-	inode->i_ctime = info->mtime;
+	inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, info->mtime);
 	ei->i_crtime = info->crtime;
 	inode->i_atime = info->atime;
 

fs/exfat/namei.c

···
 		goto unlock;
 
 	inode_inc_iversion(dir);
-	dir->i_ctime = dir->i_mtime = current_time(dir);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 	if (IS_DIRSYNC(dir))
 		exfat_sync_inode(dir);
 	else
···
 		goto unlock;
 
 	inode_inc_iversion(inode);
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode->i_ctime =
-		EXFAT_I(inode)->i_crtime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = EXFAT_I(inode)->i_crtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	exfat_truncate_atime(&inode->i_atime);
 	/* timestamp is already written, so mark_inode_dirty() is unneeded. */
 
···
 	ei->dir.dir = DIR_DELETED;
 
 	inode_inc_iversion(dir);
-	dir->i_mtime = dir->i_atime = current_time(dir);
+	dir->i_mtime = dir->i_atime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 	exfat_truncate_atime(&dir->i_atime);
 	if (IS_DIRSYNC(dir))
 		exfat_sync_inode(dir);
···
 		mark_inode_dirty(dir);
 
 	clear_nlink(inode);
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	exfat_truncate_atime(&inode->i_atime);
 	exfat_unhash_inode(inode);
 	exfat_d_version_set(dentry, inode_query_iversion(dir));
···
 		goto unlock;
 
 	inode_inc_iversion(dir);
-	dir->i_ctime = dir->i_mtime = current_time(dir);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 	if (IS_DIRSYNC(dir))
 		exfat_sync_inode(dir);
 	else
···
 		goto unlock;
 
 	inode_inc_iversion(inode);
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode->i_ctime =
-		EXFAT_I(inode)->i_crtime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = EXFAT_I(inode)->i_crtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	exfat_truncate_atime(&inode->i_atime);
 	/* timestamp is already written, so mark_inode_dirty() is unneeded. */
 
···
 	ei->dir.dir = DIR_DELETED;
 
 	inode_inc_iversion(dir);
-	dir->i_mtime = dir->i_atime = current_time(dir);
+	dir->i_mtime = dir->i_atime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 	exfat_truncate_atime(&dir->i_atime);
 	if (IS_DIRSYNC(dir))
 		exfat_sync_inode(dir);
···
 	drop_nlink(dir);
 
 	clear_nlink(inode);
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	exfat_truncate_atime(&inode->i_atime);
 	exfat_unhash_inode(inode);
 	exfat_d_version_set(dentry, inode_query_iversion(dir));
···
 		goto unlock;
 
 	inode_inc_iversion(new_dir);
-	new_dir->i_ctime = new_dir->i_mtime = new_dir->i_atime =
-		EXFAT_I(new_dir)->i_crtime = current_time(new_dir);
+	simple_rename_timestamp(old_dir, old_dentry, new_dir, new_dentry);
+	EXFAT_I(new_dir)->i_crtime = current_time(new_dir);
 	exfat_truncate_atime(&new_dir->i_atime);
 	if (IS_DIRSYNC(new_dir))
 		exfat_sync_inode(new_dir);
···
 	}
 
 	inode_inc_iversion(old_dir);
-	old_dir->i_ctime = old_dir->i_mtime = current_time(old_dir);
 	if (IS_DIRSYNC(old_dir))
 		exfat_sync_inode(old_dir);
 	else
···
 			exfat_warn(sb, "abnormal access to an inode dropped");
 			WARN_ON(new_inode->i_nlink == 0);
 		}
-		new_inode->i_ctime = EXFAT_I(new_inode)->i_crtime =
-			current_time(new_inode);
+		EXFAT_I(new_inode)->i_crtime = current_time(new_inode);
 	}
 
 unlock:

fs/exfat/super.c

···
 	ei->i_size_ondisk = i_size_read(inode);
 
 	exfat_save_attr(inode, ATTR_SUBDIR);
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode->i_ctime = ei->i_crtime =
-		current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = ei->i_crtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	exfat_truncate_atime(&inode->i_atime);
 	return 0;
 }

fs/ext2/acl.c

···
 	error = __ext2_set_acl(inode, acl, type);
 	if (!error && update_mode) {
 		inode->i_mode = mode;
-		inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+		inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 		mark_inode_dirty(inode);
 	}
 	return error;

fs/ext2/dir.c

···
 	ext2_set_de_type(de, inode);
 	ext2_commit_chunk(page, pos, len);
 	if (update_times)
-		dir->i_mtime = dir->i_ctime = current_time(dir);
+		dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 	EXT2_I(dir)->i_flags &= ~EXT2_BTREE_FL;
 	mark_inode_dirty(dir);
 	return ext2_handle_dirsync(dir);
···
 	de->inode = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_ino);
 	ext2_set_de_type (de, inode);
 	ext2_commit_chunk(page, pos, rec_len);
-	dir->i_mtime = dir->i_ctime = current_time(dir);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 	EXT2_I(dir)->i_flags &= ~EXT2_BTREE_FL;
 	mark_inode_dirty(dir);
 	err = ext2_handle_dirsync(dir);
···
 		pde->rec_len = ext2_rec_len_to_disk(to - from);
 	dir->inode = 0;
 	ext2_commit_chunk(page, pos, to - from);
-	inode->i_ctime = inode->i_mtime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	EXT2_I(inode)->i_flags &= ~EXT2_BTREE_FL;
 	mark_inode_dirty(inode);
 	return ext2_handle_dirsync(inode);

fs/ext2/ialloc.c

···
 
 	inode->i_ino = ino;
 	inode->i_blocks = 0;
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	memset(ei->i_data, 0, sizeof(ei->i_data));
 	ei->i_flags =
 		ext2_mask_flags(mode, EXT2_I(dir)->i_flags & EXT2_FL_INHERITED);

fs/ext2/inode.c

···
 	if (where->bh)
 		mark_buffer_dirty_inode(where->bh, inode);
 
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	mark_inode_dirty(inode);
 }
 
···
 	__ext2_truncate_blocks(inode, newsize);
 	filemap_invalidate_unlock(inode->i_mapping);
 
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	if (inode_needs_sync(inode)) {
 		sync_mapping_buffers(inode->i_mapping);
 		sync_inode_metadata(inode, 1);
···
 	set_nlink(inode, le16_to_cpu(raw_inode->i_links_count));
 	inode->i_size = le32_to_cpu(raw_inode->i_size);
 	inode->i_atime.tv_sec = (signed)le32_to_cpu(raw_inode->i_atime);
-	inode->i_ctime.tv_sec = (signed)le32_to_cpu(raw_inode->i_ctime);
+	inode_set_ctime(inode, (signed)le32_to_cpu(raw_inode->i_ctime), 0);
 	inode->i_mtime.tv_sec = (signed)le32_to_cpu(raw_inode->i_mtime);
-	inode->i_atime.tv_nsec = inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec = inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec = 0;
+	inode->i_atime.tv_nsec = inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec = 0;
 	ei->i_dtime = le32_to_cpu(raw_inode->i_dtime);
 	/* We now have enough fields to check if the inode was active or not.
 	 * This is needed because nfsd might try to access dead inodes
···
 	raw_inode->i_links_count = cpu_to_le16(inode->i_nlink);
 	raw_inode->i_size = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_size);
 	raw_inode->i_atime = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_atime.tv_sec);
-	raw_inode->i_ctime = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_ctime.tv_sec);
+	raw_inode->i_ctime = cpu_to_le32(inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_sec);
 	raw_inode->i_mtime = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_mtime.tv_sec);
 
 	raw_inode->i_blocks = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_blocks);
···
 			STATX_ATTR_IMMUTABLE |
 			STATX_ATTR_NODUMP);
 
-	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, stat);
+	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, request_mask, inode, stat);
 	return 0;
 }
 

fs/ext2/ioctl.c

···
 		(fa->flags & EXT2_FL_USER_MODIFIABLE);
 
 	ext2_set_inode_flags(inode);
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	mark_inode_dirty(inode);
 
 	return 0;
···
 		}
 
 		inode_lock(inode);
-		inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+		inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 		inode->i_generation = generation;
 		inode_unlock(inode);
 

fs/ext2/namei.c

···
 	if (err)
 		return err;
 
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	inode_inc_link_count(inode);
 	ihold(inode);
 
···
 	if (err)
 		goto out;
 
-	inode->i_ctime = dir->i_ctime;
+	inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, inode_get_ctime(dir));
 	inode_dec_link_count(inode);
 	err = 0;
 out:
···
 		ext2_put_page(new_page, new_de);
 		if (err)
 			goto out_dir;
-		new_inode->i_ctime = current_time(new_inode);
+		inode_set_ctime_current(new_inode);
 		if (dir_de)
 			drop_nlink(new_inode);
 		inode_dec_link_count(new_inode);
···
 	 * Like most other Unix systems, set the ctime for inodes on a
  	 * rename.
 	 */
-	old_inode->i_ctime = current_time(old_inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(old_inode);
 	mark_inode_dirty(old_inode);
 
 	err = ext2_delete_entry(old_de, old_page);

fs/ext2/super.c

···
 	if (inode->i_size < off+len-towrite)
 		i_size_write(inode, off+len-towrite);
 	inode_inc_iversion(inode);
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	mark_inode_dirty(inode);
 	return len - towrite;
 }

fs/ext2/xattr.c

···
 
 	/* Update the inode. */
 	EXT2_I(inode)->i_file_acl = new_bh ? new_bh->b_blocknr : 0;
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	if (IS_SYNC(inode)) {
 		error = sync_inode_metadata(inode, 1);
 		/* In case sync failed due to ENOSPC the inode was actually

fs/ext4/acl.c

···
 	error = __ext4_set_acl(handle, inode, type, acl, 0 /* xattr_flags */);
 	if (!error && update_mode) {
 		inode->i_mode = mode;
-		inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+		inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 		error = ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle, inode);
 	}
 out_stop:

fs/ext4/ext4.h

···
  * affected filesystem before 2242.
  */
 
-static inline __le32 ext4_encode_extra_time(struct timespec64 *time)
+static inline __le32 ext4_encode_extra_time(struct timespec64 ts)
 {
-	u32 extra =((time->tv_sec - (s32)time->tv_sec) >> 32) & EXT4_EPOCH_MASK;
-	return cpu_to_le32(extra | (time->tv_nsec << EXT4_EPOCH_BITS));
+	u32 extra = ((ts.tv_sec - (s32)ts.tv_sec) >> 32) & EXT4_EPOCH_MASK;
+	return cpu_to_le32(extra | (ts.tv_nsec << EXT4_EPOCH_BITS));
 }
 
-static inline void ext4_decode_extra_time(struct timespec64 *time,
-					  __le32 extra)
+static inline struct timespec64 ext4_decode_extra_time(__le32 base,
+						       __le32 extra)
 {
+	struct timespec64 ts = { .tv_sec = (signed)le32_to_cpu(base) };
+
 	if (unlikely(extra & cpu_to_le32(EXT4_EPOCH_MASK)))
-		time->tv_sec += (u64)(le32_to_cpu(extra) & EXT4_EPOCH_MASK) << 32;
-	time->tv_nsec = (le32_to_cpu(extra) & EXT4_NSEC_MASK) >> EXT4_EPOCH_BITS;
+		ts.tv_sec += (u64)(le32_to_cpu(extra) & EXT4_EPOCH_MASK) << 32;
+	ts.tv_nsec = (le32_to_cpu(extra) & EXT4_NSEC_MASK) >> EXT4_EPOCH_BITS;
+	return ts;
 }
+
+#define EXT4_INODE_SET_XTIME_VAL(xtime, inode, raw_inode, ts)			\
+do {										\
+	if (EXT4_FITS_IN_INODE(raw_inode, EXT4_I(inode), xtime ## _extra)) {	\
+		(raw_inode)->xtime = cpu_to_le32((ts).tv_sec);			\
+		(raw_inode)->xtime ## _extra = ext4_encode_extra_time(ts);	\
+	} else									\
+		(raw_inode)->xtime = cpu_to_le32(clamp_t(int32_t, (ts).tv_sec, S32_MIN, S32_MAX));	\
+} while (0)
 
 #define EXT4_INODE_SET_XTIME(xtime, inode, raw_inode)				\
-do {										\
-	if (EXT4_FITS_IN_INODE(raw_inode, EXT4_I(inode), xtime ## _extra))     {\
-		(raw_inode)->xtime = cpu_to_le32((inode)->xtime.tv_sec);	\
-		(raw_inode)->xtime ## _extra =					\
-				ext4_encode_extra_time(&(inode)->xtime);	\
-		}								\
-	else	\
-		(raw_inode)->xtime = cpu_to_le32(clamp_t(int32_t, (inode)->xtime.tv_sec, S32_MIN, S32_MAX));	\
-} while (0)
+	EXT4_INODE_SET_XTIME_VAL(xtime, inode, raw_inode, (inode)->xtime)
 
-#define EXT4_EINODE_SET_XTIME(xtime, einode, raw_inode)			       \
-do {									       \
-	if (EXT4_FITS_IN_INODE(raw_inode, einode, xtime))		       \
-		(raw_inode)->xtime = cpu_to_le32((einode)->xtime.tv_sec);      \
-	if (EXT4_FITS_IN_INODE(raw_inode, einode, xtime ## _extra))	       \
-		(raw_inode)->xtime ## _extra =				       \
-				ext4_encode_extra_time(&(einode)->xtime);      \
-} while (0)
+#define EXT4_INODE_SET_CTIME(inode, raw_inode)					\
+	EXT4_INODE_SET_XTIME_VAL(i_ctime, inode, raw_inode, inode_get_ctime(inode))
+
+#define EXT4_EINODE_SET_XTIME(xtime, einode, raw_inode)				\
+	if (EXT4_FITS_IN_INODE(raw_inode, einode, xtime))			\
+		EXT4_INODE_SET_XTIME_VAL(xtime, &((einode)->vfs_inode),		\
+					 raw_inode, (einode)->xtime)
+
+#define EXT4_INODE_GET_XTIME_VAL(xtime, inode, raw_inode)			\
+	(EXT4_FITS_IN_INODE(raw_inode, EXT4_I(inode), xtime ## _extra) ?	\
+		ext4_decode_extra_time((raw_inode)->xtime,				\
+				       (raw_inode)->xtime ## _extra) :		\
+		(struct timespec64) {						\
+			.tv_sec = (signed)le32_to_cpu((raw_inode)->xtime)	\
+		})
 
 #define EXT4_INODE_GET_XTIME(xtime, inode, raw_inode)				\
 do {										\
-	(inode)->xtime.tv_sec = (signed)le32_to_cpu((raw_inode)->xtime);	\
-	if (EXT4_FITS_IN_INODE(raw_inode, EXT4_I(inode), xtime ## _extra)) {	\
-		ext4_decode_extra_time(&(inode)->xtime,				\
-				       raw_inode->xtime ## _extra);		\
-		}								\
-	else									\
-		(inode)->xtime.tv_nsec = 0;					\
+	(inode)->xtime = EXT4_INODE_GET_XTIME_VAL(xtime, inode, raw_inode);	\
 } while (0)
 
+#define EXT4_INODE_GET_CTIME(inode, raw_inode)					\
+do {										\
+	inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode,						\
+		EXT4_INODE_GET_XTIME_VAL(i_ctime, inode, raw_inode));		\
+} while (0)
 
-#define EXT4_EINODE_GET_XTIME(xtime, einode, raw_inode)			       \
-do {									       \
-	if (EXT4_FITS_IN_INODE(raw_inode, einode, xtime))		       \
-		(einode)->xtime.tv_sec = 				       \
-			(signed)le32_to_cpu((raw_inode)->xtime);	       \
-	else								       \
-		(einode)->xtime.tv_sec = 0;				       \
-	if (EXT4_FITS_IN_INODE(raw_inode, einode, xtime ## _extra))	       \
-		ext4_decode_extra_time(&(einode)->xtime,		       \
-				       raw_inode->xtime ## _extra);	       \
-	else								       \
-		(einode)->xtime.tv_nsec = 0;				       \
+#define EXT4_EINODE_GET_XTIME(xtime, einode, raw_inode)				\
+do {										\
+	if (EXT4_FITS_IN_INODE(raw_inode, einode, xtime)) 			\
+		(einode)->xtime =						\
+			EXT4_INODE_GET_XTIME_VAL(xtime, &(einode->vfs_inode),	\
+						 raw_inode);			\
+	else									\
+		(einode)->xtime = (struct timespec64){0, 0};			\
 } while (0)
 
 #define i_disk_version osd1.linux1.l_i_version

fs/ext4/extents.c

···
 		map.m_lblk += ret;
 		map.m_len = len = len - ret;
 		epos = (loff_t)map.m_lblk << inode->i_blkbits;
-		inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+		inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 		if (new_size) {
 			if (epos > new_size)
 				epos = new_size;
 			if (ext4_update_inode_size(inode, epos) & 0x1)
-				inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime;
+				inode->i_mtime = inode_get_ctime(inode);
 		}
 		ret2 = ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle, inode);
 		ext4_update_inode_fsync_trans(handle, inode, 1);
···
 
 		/* Now release the pages and zero block aligned part of pages */
 		truncate_pagecache_range(inode, start, end - 1);
-		inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+		inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 
 		ret = ext4_alloc_file_blocks(file, lblk, max_blocks, new_size,
 					     flags);
···
 		goto out_mutex;
 	}
 
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	if (new_size)
 		ext4_update_inode_size(inode, new_size);
 	ret = ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle, inode);
···
 	up_write(&EXT4_I(inode)->i_data_sem);
 	if (IS_SYNC(inode))
 		ext4_handle_sync(handle);
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	ret = ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle, inode);
 	ext4_update_inode_fsync_trans(handle, inode, 1);
 
···
 	/* Expand file to avoid data loss if there is error while shifting */
 	inode->i_size += len;
 	EXT4_I(inode)->i_disksize += len;
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	ret = ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle, inode);
 	if (ret)
 		goto out_stop;

fs/ext4/ialloc.c

···
 	inode->i_ino = ino + group * EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb);
 	/* This is the optimal IO size (for stat), not the fs block size */
 	inode->i_blocks = 0;
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	ei->i_crtime = inode->i_mtime;
 
 	memset(ei->i_data, 0, sizeof(ei->i_data));

fs/ext4/inline.c

···
 	 * happen is that the times are slightly out of date
 	 * and/or different from the directory change time.
 	 */
-	dir->i_mtime = dir->i_ctime = current_time(dir);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 	ext4_update_dx_flag(dir);
 	inode_inc_iversion(dir);
 	return 1;
···
 		ext4_orphan_del(handle, inode);
 
 	if (err == 0) {
-		inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+		inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 		err = ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle, inode);
 		if (IS_SYNC(inode))
 			ext4_handle_sync(handle);

fs/ext4/inode-test.c

···
 	struct timestamp_expectation *test_param =
 			(struct timestamp_expectation *)(test->param_value);
 
-	timestamp.tv_sec = get_32bit_time(test_param);
-	ext4_decode_extra_time(&timestamp,
-			       cpu_to_le32(test_param->extra_bits));
+	timestamp = ext4_decode_extra_time(
+				cpu_to_le32(get_32bit_time(test_param)),
+				cpu_to_le32(test_param->extra_bits));
 
 	KUNIT_EXPECT_EQ_MSG(test,
 			    test_param->expected.tv_sec,

fs/ext4/inode.c

···
 	if (IS_SYNC(inode))
 		ext4_handle_sync(handle);
 
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	ret2 = ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle, inode);
 	if (unlikely(ret2))
 		ret = ret2;
···
 	if (inode->i_nlink)
 		ext4_orphan_del(handle, inode);
 
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	err2 = ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle, inode);
 	if (unlikely(err2 && !err))
 		err = err2;
···
 	}
 	raw_inode->i_links_count = cpu_to_le16(inode->i_nlink);
 
-	EXT4_INODE_SET_XTIME(i_ctime, inode, raw_inode);
+	EXT4_INODE_SET_CTIME(inode, raw_inode);
 	EXT4_INODE_SET_XTIME(i_mtime, inode, raw_inode);
 	EXT4_INODE_SET_XTIME(i_atime, inode, raw_inode);
 	EXT4_EINODE_SET_XTIME(i_crtime, ei, raw_inode);
···
 		}
 	}
 
-	EXT4_INODE_GET_XTIME(i_ctime, inode, raw_inode);
+	EXT4_INODE_GET_CTIME(inode, raw_inode);
 	EXT4_INODE_GET_XTIME(i_mtime, inode, raw_inode);
 	EXT4_INODE_GET_XTIME(i_atime, inode, raw_inode);
 	EXT4_EINODE_GET_XTIME(i_crtime, ei, raw_inode);
···
 		spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
 
 		spin_lock(&ei->i_raw_lock);
-		EXT4_INODE_SET_XTIME(i_ctime, inode, raw_inode);
+		EXT4_INODE_SET_CTIME(inode, raw_inode);
 		EXT4_INODE_SET_XTIME(i_mtime, inode, raw_inode);
 		EXT4_INODE_SET_XTIME(i_atime, inode, raw_inode);
 		ext4_inode_csum_set(inode, raw_inode, ei);
···
 			 * Update c/mtime on truncate up, ext4_truncate() will
 			 * update c/mtime in shrink case below
 			 */
-			if (!shrink) {
-				inode->i_mtime = current_time(inode);
-				inode->i_ctime = inode->i_mtime;
-			}
+			if (!shrink)
+				inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 
 			if (shrink)
 				ext4_fc_track_range(handle, inode,
···
 				  STATX_ATTR_NODUMP |
 				  STATX_ATTR_VERITY);
 
-	generic_fillattr(idmap, inode, stat);
+	generic_fillattr(idmap, request_mask, inode, stat);
 	return 0;
 }
 

fs/ext4/ioctl.c

···
 	diff = size - size_bl;
 	swap_inode_data(inode, inode_bl);
 
-	inode->i_ctime = inode_bl->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode_bl);
 	inode_inc_iversion(inode);
 
 	inode->i_generation = get_random_u32();
···
 
 	ext4_set_inode_flags(inode, false);
 
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	inode_inc_iversion(inode);
 
 	err = ext4_mark_iloc_dirty(handle, inode, &iloc);
···
 	}
 
 	EXT4_I(inode)->i_projid = kprojid;
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	inode_inc_iversion(inode);
 out_dirty:
 	rc = ext4_mark_iloc_dirty(handle, inode, &iloc);
···
 		}
 		err = ext4_reserve_inode_write(handle, inode, &iloc);
 		if (err == 0) {
-			inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+			inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 			inode_inc_iversion(inode);
 			inode->i_generation = generation;
 			err = ext4_mark_iloc_dirty(handle, inode, &iloc);

fs/ext4/namei.c

···
 	 * happen is that the times are slightly out of date
 	 * and/or different from the directory change time.
 	 */
-	dir->i_mtime = dir->i_ctime = current_time(dir);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 	ext4_update_dx_flag(dir);
 	inode_inc_iversion(dir);
 	err2 = ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle, dir);
···
 	 * recovery. */
 	inode->i_size = 0;
 	ext4_orphan_add(handle, inode);
-	inode->i_ctime = dir->i_ctime = dir->i_mtime = current_time(inode);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	retval = ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle, inode);
 	if (retval)
 		goto end_rmdir;
···
 		retval = ext4_delete_entry(handle, dir, de, bh);
 		if (retval)
 			goto out_handle;
-		dir->i_ctime = dir->i_mtime = current_time(dir);
+		dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 		ext4_update_dx_flag(dir);
 		retval = ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle, dir);
 		if (retval)
···
 		drop_nlink(inode);
 	if (!inode->i_nlink)
 		ext4_orphan_add(handle, inode);
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	retval = ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle, inode);
 	if (dentry && !retval)
 		ext4_fc_track_unlink(handle, dentry);
···
 	if (IS_DIRSYNC(dir))
 		ext4_handle_sync(handle);
 
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	ext4_inc_count(inode);
 	ihold(inode);
 
···
 	if (ext4_has_feature_filetype(ent->dir->i_sb))
 		ent->de->file_type = file_type;
 	inode_inc_iversion(ent->dir);
-	ent->dir->i_ctime = ent->dir->i_mtime =
-		current_time(ent->dir);
+	ent->dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(ent->dir);
 	retval = ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle, ent->dir);
 	BUFFER_TRACE(ent->bh, "call ext4_handle_dirty_metadata");
 	if (!ent->inlined) {
···
 	 * Like most other Unix systems, set the ctime for inodes on a
 	 * rename.
 	 */
-	old.inode->i_ctime = current_time(old.inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(old.inode);
 	retval = ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle, old.inode);
 	if (unlikely(retval))
 		goto end_rename;
···
 
 	if (new.inode) {
 		ext4_dec_count(new.inode);
-		new.inode->i_ctime = current_time(new.inode);
+		inode_set_ctime_current(new.inode);
 	}
-	old.dir->i_ctime = old.dir->i_mtime = current_time(old.dir);
+	old.dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(old.dir);
 	ext4_update_dx_flag(old.dir);
 	if (old.dir_bh) {
 		retval = ext4_rename_dir_finish(handle, &old, new.dir->i_ino);
···
 	};
 	u8 new_file_type;
 	int retval;
-	struct timespec64 ctime;
 
 	if ((ext4_test_inode_flag(new_dir, EXT4_INODE_PROJINHERIT) &&
 	     !projid_eq(EXT4_I(new_dir)->i_projid,
···
 	 * Like most other Unix systems, set the ctime for inodes on a
 	 * rename.
 	 */
-	ctime = current_time(old.inode);
-	old.inode->i_ctime = ctime;
-	new.inode->i_ctime = ctime;
+	inode_set_ctime_current(old.inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(new.inode);
 	retval = ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle, old.inode);
 	if (unlikely(retval))
 		goto end_rename;

fs/ext4/super.c

···
 	}
 	EXT4_I(inode)->i_flags &= ~(EXT4_NOATIME_FL | EXT4_IMMUTABLE_FL);
 	inode_set_flags(inode, 0, S_NOATIME | S_IMMUTABLE);
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	err = ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle, inode);
 	ext4_journal_stop(handle);
 out_unlock:
···
 	.init_fs_context	= ext4_init_fs_context,
 	.parameters		= ext4_param_specs,
 	.kill_sb		= kill_block_super,
-	.fs_flags		= FS_REQUIRES_DEV | FS_ALLOW_IDMAP,
+	.fs_flags		= FS_REQUIRES_DEV | FS_ALLOW_IDMAP | FS_MGTIME,
 };
 MODULE_ALIAS_FS("ext4");
 

fs/ext4/xattr.c

···
 
 static u64 ext4_xattr_inode_get_ref(struct inode *ea_inode)
 {
-	return ((u64)ea_inode->i_ctime.tv_sec << 32) |
+	return ((u64) inode_get_ctime(ea_inode).tv_sec << 32) |
 		(u32) inode_peek_iversion_raw(ea_inode);
 }
 
 static void ext4_xattr_inode_set_ref(struct inode *ea_inode, u64 ref_count)
 {
-	ea_inode->i_ctime.tv_sec = (u32)(ref_count >> 32);
+	inode_set_ctime(ea_inode, (u32)(ref_count >> 32), 0);
 	inode_set_iversion_raw(ea_inode, ref_count & 0xffffffff);
 }
 
···
 	}
 	if (!error) {
 		ext4_xattr_update_super_block(handle, inode->i_sb);
-		inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+		inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 		inode_inc_iversion(inode);
 		if (!value)
 			no_expand = 0;

fs/f2fs/dir.c

···
 	de->file_type = fs_umode_to_ftype(inode->i_mode);
 	set_page_dirty(page);
 
-	dir->i_mtime = dir->i_ctime = current_time(dir);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 	f2fs_mark_inode_dirty_sync(dir, false);
 	f2fs_put_page(page, 1);
 }
···
 			f2fs_i_links_write(dir, true);
 		clear_inode_flag(inode, FI_NEW_INODE);
 	}
-	dir->i_mtime = dir->i_ctime = current_time(dir);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 	f2fs_mark_inode_dirty_sync(dir, false);
 
 	if (F2FS_I(dir)->i_current_depth != current_depth)
···
 
 	if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode))
 		f2fs_i_links_write(dir, false);
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 
 	f2fs_i_links_write(inode, false);
 	if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode)) {
···
 	}
 	f2fs_put_page(page, 1);
 
-	dir->i_ctime = dir->i_mtime = current_time(dir);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 	f2fs_mark_inode_dirty_sync(dir, false);
 
 	if (inode)

fs/f2fs/f2fs.h

···
 
 static inline bool f2fs_is_time_consistent(struct inode *inode)
 {
+	struct timespec64 ctime = inode_get_ctime(inode);
+
 	if (!timespec64_equal(F2FS_I(inode)->i_disk_time, &inode->i_atime))
 		return false;
-	if (!timespec64_equal(F2FS_I(inode)->i_disk_time + 1, &inode->i_ctime))
+	if (!timespec64_equal(F2FS_I(inode)->i_disk_time + 1, &ctime))
 		return false;
 	if (!timespec64_equal(F2FS_I(inode)->i_disk_time + 2, &inode->i_mtime))
 		return false;

fs/f2fs/file.c

···
 	if (err)
 		return err;
 
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	f2fs_mark_inode_dirty_sync(inode, false);
 	return 0;
 }
···
 				  STATX_ATTR_NODUMP |
 				  STATX_ATTR_VERITY);
 
-	generic_fillattr(idmap, inode, stat);
+	generic_fillattr(idmap, request_mask, inode, stat);
 
 	/* we need to show initial sectors used for inline_data/dentries */
 	if ((S_ISREG(inode->i_mode) && f2fs_has_inline_data(inode)) ||
···
 	if (ia_valid & ATTR_MTIME)
 		inode->i_mtime = attr->ia_mtime;
 	if (ia_valid & ATTR_CTIME)
-		inode->i_ctime = attr->ia_ctime;
+		inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, attr->ia_ctime);
 	if (ia_valid & ATTR_MODE) {
 		umode_t mode = attr->ia_mode;
 		vfsgid_t vfsgid = i_gid_into_vfsgid(idmap, inode);
···
 			return err;
 
 		spin_lock(&F2FS_I(inode)->i_size_lock);
-		inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+		inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 		F2FS_I(inode)->last_disk_size = i_size_read(inode);
 		spin_unlock(&F2FS_I(inode)->i_size_lock);
 	}
···
 	}
 
 	if (!ret) {
-		inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+		inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 		f2fs_mark_inode_dirty_sync(inode, false);
 		f2fs_update_time(F2FS_I_SB(inode), REQ_TIME);
 	}
···
 	else
 		clear_inode_flag(inode, FI_PROJ_INHERIT);
 
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	f2fs_set_inode_flags(inode);
 	f2fs_mark_inode_dirty_sync(inode, true);
 	return 0;
···
 	if (ret)
 		goto out_unlock;
 
-	src->i_mtime = src->i_ctime = current_time(src);
+	src->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(src);
 	f2fs_mark_inode_dirty_sync(src, false);
 	if (src != dst) {
-		dst->i_mtime = dst->i_ctime = current_time(dst);
+		dst->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dst);
 		f2fs_mark_inode_dirty_sync(dst, false);
 	}
 	f2fs_update_time(sbi, REQ_TIME);
···
 		goto out_unlock;
 
 	fi->i_projid = kprojid;
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	f2fs_mark_inode_dirty_sync(inode, true);
 out_unlock:
 	f2fs_unlock_op(sbi);
···
 	}
 
 	set_inode_flag(inode, FI_COMPRESS_RELEASED);
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	f2fs_mark_inode_dirty_sync(inode, true);
 
 	f2fs_down_write(&F2FS_I(inode)->i_gc_rwsem[WRITE]);
···
 
 	if (ret >= 0) {
 		clear_inode_flag(inode, FI_COMPRESS_RELEASED);
-		inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+		inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 		f2fs_mark_inode_dirty_sync(inode, true);
 	}
 unlock_inode:

fs/f2fs/inline.c

···
 	set_page_dirty(page);
 	f2fs_put_page(page, 1);
 
-	dir->i_ctime = dir->i_mtime = current_time(dir);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 	f2fs_mark_inode_dirty_sync(dir, false);
 
 	if (inode)

fs/f2fs/inode.c

···
 	struct f2fs_inode_info *fi = F2FS_I(inode);
 
 	fi->i_disk_time[0] = inode->i_atime;
-	fi->i_disk_time[1] = inode->i_ctime;
+	fi->i_disk_time[1] = inode_get_ctime(inode);
 	fi->i_disk_time[2] = inode->i_mtime;
 }
 
···
 	inode->i_blocks = SECTOR_FROM_BLOCK(le64_to_cpu(ri->i_blocks) - 1);
 
 	inode->i_atime.tv_sec = le64_to_cpu(ri->i_atime);
-	inode->i_ctime.tv_sec = le64_to_cpu(ri->i_ctime);
+	inode_set_ctime(inode, le64_to_cpu(ri->i_ctime),
+			le32_to_cpu(ri->i_ctime_nsec));
 	inode->i_mtime.tv_sec = le64_to_cpu(ri->i_mtime);
 	inode->i_atime.tv_nsec = le32_to_cpu(ri->i_atime_nsec);
-	inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec = le32_to_cpu(ri->i_ctime_nsec);
 	inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec = le32_to_cpu(ri->i_mtime_nsec);
 	inode->i_generation = le32_to_cpu(ri->i_generation);
 	if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode))
···
 	set_raw_inline(inode, ri);
 
 	ri->i_atime = cpu_to_le64(inode->i_atime.tv_sec);
-	ri->i_ctime = cpu_to_le64(inode->i_ctime.tv_sec);
+	ri->i_ctime = cpu_to_le64(inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_sec);
 	ri->i_mtime = cpu_to_le64(inode->i_mtime.tv_sec);
 	ri->i_atime_nsec = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_atime.tv_nsec);
-	ri->i_ctime_nsec = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec);
+	ri->i_ctime_nsec = cpu_to_le32(inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_nsec);
 	ri->i_mtime_nsec = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec);
 	if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode))
 		ri->i_current_depth =

fs/f2fs/namei.c

···
 
 	inode->i_ino = ino;
 	inode->i_blocks = 0;
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	F2FS_I(inode)->i_crtime = inode->i_mtime;
 	inode->i_generation = get_random_u32();
 
···
 
 	f2fs_balance_fs(sbi, true);
 
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	ihold(inode);
 
 	set_inode_flag(inode, FI_INC_LINK);
···
 		f2fs_set_link(new_dir, new_entry, new_page, old_inode);
 		new_page = NULL;
 
-		new_inode->i_ctime = current_time(new_inode);
+		inode_set_ctime_current(new_inode);
 		f2fs_down_write(&F2FS_I(new_inode)->i_sem);
 		if (old_dir_entry)
 			f2fs_i_links_write(new_inode, false);
···
 		f2fs_i_pino_write(old_inode, new_dir->i_ino);
 	f2fs_up_write(&F2FS_I(old_inode)->i_sem);
 
-	old_inode->i_ctime = current_time(old_inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(old_inode);
 	f2fs_mark_inode_dirty_sync(old_inode, false);
 
 	f2fs_delete_entry(old_entry, old_page, old_dir, NULL);
···
 		f2fs_i_pino_write(old_inode, new_dir->i_ino);
 	f2fs_up_write(&F2FS_I(old_inode)->i_sem);
 
-	old_dir->i_ctime = current_time(old_dir);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(old_dir);
 	if (old_nlink) {
 		f2fs_down_write(&F2FS_I(old_dir)->i_sem);
 		f2fs_i_links_write(old_dir, old_nlink > 0);
···
 		f2fs_i_pino_write(new_inode, old_dir->i_ino);
 	f2fs_up_write(&F2FS_I(new_inode)->i_sem);
 
-	new_dir->i_ctime = current_time(new_dir);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(new_dir);
 	if (new_nlink) {
 		f2fs_down_write(&F2FS_I(new_dir)->i_sem);
 		f2fs_i_links_write(new_dir, new_nlink > 0);

fs/f2fs/recovery.c

···
 
 	f2fs_i_size_write(inode, le64_to_cpu(raw->i_size));
 	inode->i_atime.tv_sec = le64_to_cpu(raw->i_atime);
-	inode->i_ctime.tv_sec = le64_to_cpu(raw->i_ctime);
+	inode_set_ctime(inode, le64_to_cpu(raw->i_ctime),
+			le32_to_cpu(raw->i_ctime_nsec));
 	inode->i_mtime.tv_sec = le64_to_cpu(raw->i_mtime);
 	inode->i_atime.tv_nsec = le32_to_cpu(raw->i_atime_nsec);
-	inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec = le32_to_cpu(raw->i_ctime_nsec);
 	inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec = le32_to_cpu(raw->i_mtime_nsec);
 
 	F2FS_I(inode)->i_advise = raw->i_advise;

fs/f2fs/super.c

···
 
 	if (len == towrite)
 		return err;
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	f2fs_mark_inode_dirty_sync(inode, false);
 	return len - towrite;
 }

fs/f2fs/xattr.c

···
 same:
 	if (is_inode_flag_set(inode, FI_ACL_MODE)) {
 		inode->i_mode = F2FS_I(inode)->i_acl_mode;
-		inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+		inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 		clear_inode_flag(inode, FI_ACL_MODE);
 	}
 

fs/fat/fat.h

···
 					    const struct timespec64 *ts);
 extern int fat_truncate_time(struct inode *inode, struct timespec64 *now,
 			     int flags);
-extern int fat_update_time(struct inode *inode, struct timespec64 *now,
-			   int flags);
+extern int fat_update_time(struct inode *inode, int flags);
 extern int fat_sync_bhs(struct buffer_head **bhs, int nr_bhs);
 
 int fat_cache_init(void);

fs/fat/file.c

···
 	struct inode *inode = d_inode(path->dentry);
 	struct msdos_sb_info *sbi = MSDOS_SB(inode->i_sb);
 
-	generic_fillattr(idmap, inode, stat);
+	generic_fillattr(idmap, request_mask, inode, stat);
 	stat->blksize = sbi->cluster_size;
 
 	if (sbi->options.nfs == FAT_NFS_NOSTALE_RO) {

fs/fat/inode.c

···
 			   & ~((loff_t)sbi->cluster_size - 1)) >> 9;
 
 	fat_time_fat2unix(sbi, &inode->i_mtime, de->time, de->date, 0);
-	inode->i_ctime = inode->i_mtime;
+	inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, inode->i_mtime);
 	if (sbi->options.isvfat) {
 		fat_time_fat2unix(sbi, &inode->i_atime, 0, de->adate, 0);
 		fat_time_fat2unix(sbi, &MSDOS_I(inode)->i_crtime, de->ctime,
···
 	MSDOS_I(inode)->mmu_private = inode->i_size;
 
 	fat_save_attrs(inode, ATTR_DIR);
-	inode->i_mtime.tv_sec = inode->i_atime.tv_sec = inode->i_ctime.tv_sec = 0;
-	inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec = inode->i_atime.tv_nsec = inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec = 0;
+	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode_set_ctime(inode, 0, 0);
 	set_nlink(inode, fat_subdirs(inode)+2);
 
 	return 0;

fs/fat/misc.c

···
 	 * but ctime updates are ignored.
 	 */
 	if (flags & S_MTIME)
-		inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = fat_truncate_mtime(sbi, now);
+		inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode,
+						       fat_truncate_mtime(sbi, now));
 
 	return 0;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(fat_truncate_time);
 
-int fat_update_time(struct inode *inode, struct timespec64 *now, int flags)
+int fat_update_time(struct inode *inode, int flags)
 {
 	int dirty_flags = 0;
 
···
 		return 0;
 
 	if (flags & (S_ATIME | S_CTIME | S_MTIME)) {
-		fat_truncate_time(inode, now, flags);
+		fat_truncate_time(inode, NULL, flags);
 		if (inode->i_sb->s_flags & SB_LAZYTIME)
 			dirty_flags |= I_DIRTY_TIME;
 		else
 			dirty_flags |= I_DIRTY_SYNC;
 	}
-
-	if ((flags & S_VERSION) && inode_maybe_inc_iversion(inode, false))
-		dirty_flags |= I_DIRTY_SYNC;
 
 	__mark_inode_dirty(inode, dirty_flags);
 	return 0;

fs/freevxfs/vxfs_inode.c

···
 	inode->i_size = vip->vii_size;
 
 	inode->i_atime.tv_sec = vip->vii_atime;
-	inode->i_ctime.tv_sec = vip->vii_ctime;
+	inode_set_ctime(inode, vip->vii_ctime, 0);
 	inode->i_mtime.tv_sec = vip->vii_mtime;
 	inode->i_atime.tv_nsec = 0;
-	inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec = 0;
 	inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec = 0;
 
 	inode->i_blocks = vip->vii_blocks;

fs/fuse/control.c

···
 	inode->i_mode = mode;
 	inode->i_uid = fc->user_id;
 	inode->i_gid = fc->group_id;
-	inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	/* setting ->i_op to NULL is not allowed */
 	if (iop)
 		inode->i_op = iop;

fs/fuse/dir.c

···
 static void fuse_update_ctime_in_cache(struct inode *inode)
 {
 	if (!IS_NOCMTIME(inode)) {
-		inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+		inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 		mark_inode_dirty_sync(inode);
 		fuse_flush_time_update(inode);
 	}
···
 		forget_all_cached_acls(inode);
 		err = fuse_do_getattr(inode, stat, file);
 	} else if (stat) {
-		generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, stat);
+		generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, request_mask, inode, stat);
 		stat->mode = fi->orig_i_mode;
 		stat->ino = fi->orig_ino;
 	}
···
 	inarg.mtimensec = inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec;
 	if (fm->fc->minor >= 23) {
 		inarg.valid |= FATTR_CTIME;
-		inarg.ctime = inode->i_ctime.tv_sec;
-		inarg.ctimensec = inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec;
+		inarg.ctime = inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_sec;
+		inarg.ctimensec = inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_nsec;
 	}
 	if (ff) {
 		inarg.valid |= FATTR_FH;
···
 		if (attr->ia_valid & ATTR_MTIME)
 			inode->i_mtime = attr->ia_mtime;
 		if (attr->ia_valid & ATTR_CTIME)
-			inode->i_ctime = attr->ia_ctime;
+			inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, attr->ia_ctime);
 		/* FIXME: clear I_DIRTY_SYNC? */
 	}
 

fs/fuse/inode.c

···
 		inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec  = attr->mtimensec;
 	}
 	if (!(cache_mask & STATX_CTIME)) {
-		inode->i_ctime.tv_sec   = attr->ctime;
-		inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec  = attr->ctimensec;
+		inode_set_ctime(inode, attr->ctime, attr->ctimensec);
 	}
 
 	if (attr->blksize != 0)
···
 		attr->mtimensec = inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec;
 	}
 	if (cache_mask & STATX_CTIME) {
-		attr->ctime = inode->i_ctime.tv_sec;
-		attr->ctimensec = inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec;
+		attr->ctime = inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_sec;
+		attr->ctimensec = inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_nsec;
 	}
 
 	if ((attr_version != 0 && fi->attr_version > attr_version) ||
···
 	inode->i_size = attr->size;
 	inode->i_mtime.tv_sec  = attr->mtime;
 	inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec = attr->mtimensec;
-	inode->i_ctime.tv_sec  = attr->ctime;
-	inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec = attr->ctimensec;
+	inode_set_ctime(inode, attr->ctime, attr->ctimensec);
 	if (S_ISREG(inode->i_mode)) {
 		fuse_init_common(inode);
 		fuse_init_file_inode(inode, attr->flags);
···
 static void fuse_fill_attr_from_inode(struct fuse_attr *attr,
 				      const struct fuse_inode *fi)
 {
+	struct timespec64 ctime = inode_get_ctime(&fi->inode);
+
 	*attr = (struct fuse_attr){
 		.ino		= fi->inode.i_ino,
 		.size		= fi->inode.i_size,
 		.blocks		= fi->inode.i_blocks,
 		.atime		= fi->inode.i_atime.tv_sec,
 		.mtime		= fi->inode.i_mtime.tv_sec,
-		.ctime		= fi->inode.i_ctime.tv_sec,
+		.ctime		= ctime.tv_sec,
 		.atimensec	= fi->inode.i_atime.tv_nsec,
 		.mtimensec	= fi->inode.i_mtime.tv_nsec,
-		.ctimensec	= fi->inode.i_ctime.tv_nsec,
+		.ctimensec	= ctime.tv_nsec,
 		.mode		= fi->inode.i_mode,
 		.nlink		= fi->inode.i_nlink,
 		.uid		= fi->inode.i_uid.val,

fs/gfs2/acl.c

···
 
 	ret = __gfs2_set_acl(inode, acl, type);
 	if (!ret && mode != inode->i_mode) {
-		inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+		inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 		inode->i_mode = mode;
 		mark_inode_dirty(inode);
 	}

fs/gfs2/bmap.c

···
 		ip->i_diskflags |= GFS2_DIF_TRUNC_IN_PROG;
 
 	i_size_write(inode, newsize);
-	ip->i_inode.i_mtime = ip->i_inode.i_ctime = current_time(&ip->i_inode);
+	ip->i_inode.i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(&ip->i_inode);
 	gfs2_dinode_out(ip, dibh->b_data);
 
 	if (journaled)
···
 
 			/* Every transaction boundary, we rewrite the dinode
 			   to keep its di_blocks current in case of failure. */
-			ip->i_inode.i_mtime = ip->i_inode.i_ctime =
-				current_time(&ip->i_inode);
+			ip->i_inode.i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(&ip->i_inode);
 			gfs2_trans_add_meta(ip->i_gl, dibh);
 			gfs2_dinode_out(ip, dibh->b_data);
 			brelse(dibh);
···
 		gfs2_statfs_change(sdp, 0, +btotal, 0);
 		gfs2_quota_change(ip, -(s64)btotal, ip->i_inode.i_uid,
 				  ip->i_inode.i_gid);
-		ip->i_inode.i_mtime = ip->i_inode.i_ctime = current_time(&ip->i_inode);
+		ip->i_inode.i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(&ip->i_inode);
 		gfs2_trans_add_meta(ip->i_gl, dibh);
 		gfs2_dinode_out(ip, dibh->b_data);
 		up_write(&ip->i_rw_mutex);
···
 		gfs2_buffer_clear_tail(dibh, sizeof(struct gfs2_dinode));
 		gfs2_ordered_del_inode(ip);
 	}
-	ip->i_inode.i_mtime = ip->i_inode.i_ctime = current_time(&ip->i_inode);
+	ip->i_inode.i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(&ip->i_inode);
 	ip->i_diskflags &= ~GFS2_DIF_TRUNC_IN_PROG;
 
 	gfs2_trans_add_meta(ip->i_gl, dibh);
···
 		goto do_end_trans;
 
 	truncate_setsize(inode, size);
-	ip->i_inode.i_mtime = ip->i_inode.i_ctime = current_time(&ip->i_inode);
+	ip->i_inode.i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(&ip->i_inode);
 	gfs2_trans_add_meta(ip->i_gl, dibh);
 	gfs2_dinode_out(ip, dibh->b_data);
 	brelse(dibh);

fs/gfs2/dir.c

···
 	memcpy(dibh->b_data + offset + sizeof(struct gfs2_dinode), buf, size);
 	if (ip->i_inode.i_size < offset + size)
 		i_size_write(&ip->i_inode, offset + size);
-	ip->i_inode.i_mtime = ip->i_inode.i_ctime = current_time(&ip->i_inode);
+	ip->i_inode.i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(&ip->i_inode);
 	gfs2_dinode_out(ip, dibh->b_data);
 
 	brelse(dibh);
···
 
 	if (ip->i_inode.i_size < offset + copied)
 		i_size_write(&ip->i_inode, offset + copied);
-	ip->i_inode.i_mtime = ip->i_inode.i_ctime = current_time(&ip->i_inode);
+	ip->i_inode.i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(&ip->i_inode);
 
 	gfs2_trans_add_meta(ip->i_gl, dibh);
 	gfs2_dinode_out(ip, dibh->b_data);
···
 			gfs2_inum_out(nip, dent);
 			dent->de_type = cpu_to_be16(IF2DT(nip->i_inode.i_mode));
 			dent->de_rahead = cpu_to_be16(gfs2_inode_ra_len(nip));
-			tv = current_time(&ip->i_inode);
+			tv = inode_set_ctime_current(&ip->i_inode);
 			if (ip->i_diskflags & GFS2_DIF_EXHASH) {
 				leaf = (struct gfs2_leaf *)bh->b_data;
 				be16_add_cpu(&leaf->lf_entries, 1);
···
 			da->bh = NULL;
 			brelse(bh);
 			ip->i_entries++;
-			ip->i_inode.i_mtime = ip->i_inode.i_ctime = tv;
+			ip->i_inode.i_mtime = tv;
 			if (S_ISDIR(nip->i_inode.i_mode))
 				inc_nlink(&ip->i_inode);
 			mark_inode_dirty(inode);
···
 	const struct qstr *name = &dentry->d_name;
 	struct gfs2_dirent *dent, *prev = NULL;
 	struct buffer_head *bh;
-	struct timespec64 tv = current_time(&dip->i_inode);
+	struct timespec64 tv;
 
 	/* Returns _either_ the entry (if its first in block) or the
 	   previous entry otherwise */
···
 	}
 
 	dirent_del(dip, bh, prev, dent);
+	tv = inode_set_ctime_current(&dip->i_inode);
 	if (dip->i_diskflags & GFS2_DIF_EXHASH) {
 		struct gfs2_leaf *leaf = (struct gfs2_leaf *)bh->b_data;
 		u16 entries = be16_to_cpu(leaf->lf_entries);
···
 	if (!dip->i_entries)
 		gfs2_consist_inode(dip);
 	dip->i_entries--;
-	dip->i_inode.i_mtime = dip->i_inode.i_ctime = tv;
+	dip->i_inode.i_mtime =  tv;
 	if (d_is_dir(dentry))
 		drop_nlink(&dip->i_inode);
 	mark_inode_dirty(&dip->i_inode);
···
 	dent->de_type = cpu_to_be16(new_type);
 	brelse(bh);
 
-	dip->i_inode.i_mtime = dip->i_inode.i_ctime = current_time(&dip->i_inode);
+	dip->i_inode.i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(&dip->i_inode);
 	mark_inode_dirty_sync(&dip->i_inode);
 	return 0;
 }

fs/gfs2/file.c

···
 	error = gfs2_meta_inode_buffer(ip, &bh);
 	if (error)
 		goto out_trans_end;
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	gfs2_trans_add_meta(ip->i_gl, bh);
 	ip->i_diskflags = new_flags;
 	gfs2_dinode_out(ip, bh->b_data);

fs/gfs2/glops.c

···
 		inode->i_atime = atime;
 	inode->i_mtime.tv_sec = be64_to_cpu(str->di_mtime);
 	inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec = be32_to_cpu(str->di_mtime_nsec);
-	inode->i_ctime.tv_sec = be64_to_cpu(str->di_ctime);
-	inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec = be32_to_cpu(str->di_ctime_nsec);
+	inode_set_ctime(inode, be64_to_cpu(str->di_ctime),
+			be32_to_cpu(str->di_ctime_nsec));
 
 	ip->i_goal = be64_to_cpu(str->di_goal_meta);
 	ip->i_generation = be64_to_cpu(str->di_generation);

fs/gfs2/inode.c

···
 	set_nlink(inode, S_ISDIR(mode) ? 2 : 1);
 	inode->i_rdev = dev;
 	inode->i_size = size;
-	inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	munge_mode_uid_gid(dip, inode);
 	check_and_update_goal(dip);
 	ip->i_goal = dip->i_goal;
···
 
 	gfs2_trans_add_meta(ip->i_gl, dibh);
 	inc_nlink(&ip->i_inode);
-	ip->i_inode.i_ctime = current_time(&ip->i_inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(&ip->i_inode);
 	ihold(inode);
 	d_instantiate(dentry, inode);
 	mark_inode_dirty(inode);
···
 		return error;
 
 	ip->i_entries = 0;
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode))
 		clear_nlink(inode);
 	else
···
 	if (dir_rename)
 		return gfs2_dir_mvino(ip, &gfs2_qdotdot, ndip, DT_DIR);
 
-	ip->i_inode.i_ctime = current_time(&ip->i_inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(&ip->i_inode);
 	mark_inode_dirty_sync(&ip->i_inode);
 	return 0;
 }
···
 				  STATX_ATTR_IMMUTABLE |
 				  STATX_ATTR_NODUMP);
 
-	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, stat);
+	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, request_mask, inode, stat);
 
 	if (gfs2_holder_initialized(&gh))
 		gfs2_glock_dq_uninit(&gh);
···
 	return vfs_setpos(file, ret, inode->i_sb->s_maxbytes);
 }
 
-static int gfs2_update_time(struct inode *inode, struct timespec64 *time,
-			    int flags)
+static int gfs2_update_time(struct inode *inode, int flags)
 {
 	struct gfs2_inode *ip = GFS2_I(inode);
 	struct gfs2_glock *gl = ip->i_gl;
···
 		if (error)
 			return error;
 	}
-	return generic_update_time(inode, time, flags);
+	generic_update_time(inode, flags);
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static const struct inode_operations gfs2_file_iops = {

fs/gfs2/quota.c

···
 		size = loc + sizeof(struct gfs2_quota);
 		if (size > inode->i_size)
 			i_size_write(inode, size);
-		inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = current_time(inode);
+		inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 		mark_inode_dirty(inode);
 		set_bit(QDF_REFRESH, &qd->qd_flags);
 	}

fs/gfs2/super.c

···
 	str->di_blocks = cpu_to_be64(gfs2_get_inode_blocks(inode));
 	str->di_atime = cpu_to_be64(inode->i_atime.tv_sec);
 	str->di_mtime = cpu_to_be64(inode->i_mtime.tv_sec);
-	str->di_ctime = cpu_to_be64(inode->i_ctime.tv_sec);
+	str->di_ctime = cpu_to_be64(inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_sec);
 
 	str->di_goal_meta = cpu_to_be64(ip->i_goal);
 	str->di_goal_data = cpu_to_be64(ip->i_goal);
···
 	str->di_eattr = cpu_to_be64(ip->i_eattr);
 	str->di_atime_nsec = cpu_to_be32(inode->i_atime.tv_nsec);
 	str->di_mtime_nsec = cpu_to_be32(inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec);
-	str->di_ctime_nsec = cpu_to_be32(inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec);
+	str->di_ctime_nsec = cpu_to_be32(inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_nsec);
 }
 
 /**

fs/gfs2/xattr.c

···
 		ea->ea_num_ptrs = 0;
 	}
 
-	ip->i_inode.i_ctime = current_time(&ip->i_inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(&ip->i_inode);
 	__mark_inode_dirty(&ip->i_inode, I_DIRTY_DATASYNC);
 
 	gfs2_trans_end(sdp);
···
 	if (error)
 		goto out_end_trans;
 
-	ip->i_inode.i_ctime = current_time(&ip->i_inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(&ip->i_inode);
 	__mark_inode_dirty(&ip->i_inode, I_DIRTY_DATASYNC);
 
 out_end_trans:
···
 	if (es->es_el)
 		ea_set_remove_stuffed(ip, es->es_el);
 
-	ip->i_inode.i_ctime = current_time(&ip->i_inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(&ip->i_inode);
 	__mark_inode_dirty(&ip->i_inode, I_DIRTY_DATASYNC);
 
 	gfs2_trans_end(GFS2_SB(&ip->i_inode));
···
 		ea->ea_type = GFS2_EATYPE_UNUSED;
 	}
 
-	ip->i_inode.i_ctime = current_time(&ip->i_inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(&ip->i_inode);
 	__mark_inode_dirty(&ip->i_inode, I_DIRTY_DATASYNC);
 
 	gfs2_trans_end(GFS2_SB(&ip->i_inode));

fs/hfs/catalog.c

···
 		goto err1;
 
 	dir->i_size++;
-	dir->i_mtime = dir->i_ctime = current_time(dir);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 	mark_inode_dirty(dir);
 	hfs_find_exit(&fd);
 	return 0;
···
 	}
 
 	dir->i_size--;
-	dir->i_mtime = dir->i_ctime = current_time(dir);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 	mark_inode_dirty(dir);
 	res = 0;
 out:
···
 	if (err)
 		goto out;
 	dst_dir->i_size++;
-	dst_dir->i_mtime = dst_dir->i_ctime = current_time(dst_dir);
+	dst_dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dst_dir);
 	mark_inode_dirty(dst_dir);
 
 	/* finally remove the old entry */
···
 	if (err)
 		goto out;
 	src_dir->i_size--;
-	src_dir->i_mtime = src_dir->i_ctime = current_time(src_dir);
+	src_dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(src_dir);
 	mark_inode_dirty(src_dir);
 
 	type = entry.type;

fs/hfs/dir.c

···
 	if (res)
 		return res;
 	clear_nlink(inode);
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	hfs_delete_inode(inode);
 	mark_inode_dirty(inode);
 	return 0;

fs/hfs/inode.c

···
 	inode->i_uid = current_fsuid();
 	inode->i_gid = current_fsgid();
 	set_nlink(inode, 1);
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	HFS_I(inode)->flags = 0;
 	HFS_I(inode)->rsrc_inode = NULL;
 	HFS_I(inode)->fs_blocks = 0;
···
 			inode->i_mode |= S_IWUGO;
 		inode->i_mode &= ~hsb->s_file_umask;
 		inode->i_mode |= S_IFREG;
-		inode->i_ctime = inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime =
-				hfs_m_to_utime(rec->file.MdDat);
+		inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode,
+									hfs_m_to_utime(rec->file.MdDat));
 		inode->i_op = &hfs_file_inode_operations;
 		inode->i_fop = &hfs_file_operations;
 		inode->i_mapping->a_ops = &hfs_aops;
···
 		inode->i_size = be16_to_cpu(rec->dir.Val) + 2;
 		HFS_I(inode)->fs_blocks = 0;
 		inode->i_mode = S_IFDIR | (S_IRWXUGO & ~hsb->s_dir_umask);
-		inode->i_ctime = inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime =
-				hfs_m_to_utime(rec->dir.MdDat);
+		inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode,
+									hfs_m_to_utime(rec->dir.MdDat));
 		inode->i_op = &hfs_dir_inode_operations;
 		inode->i_fop = &hfs_dir_operations;
 		break;
···
 
 		truncate_setsize(inode, attr->ia_size);
 		hfs_file_truncate(inode);
-		inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime =
-						  current_time(inode);
+		inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	}
 
 	setattr_copy(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, attr);

fs/hfs/sysdep.c

···
 	/* fix up inode on a timezone change */
 	diff = sys_tz.tz_minuteswest * 60 - HFS_I(inode)->tz_secondswest;
 	if (diff) {
-		inode->i_ctime.tv_sec += diff;
+		struct timespec64 ctime = inode_get_ctime(inode);
+
+		inode_set_ctime(inode, ctime.tv_sec + diff, ctime.tv_nsec);
 		inode->i_atime.tv_sec += diff;
 		inode->i_mtime.tv_sec += diff;
 		HFS_I(inode)->tz_secondswest += diff;

fs/hfsplus/catalog.c

···
 	dir->i_size++;
 	if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode))
 		hfsplus_subfolders_inc(dir);
-	dir->i_mtime = dir->i_ctime = current_time(dir);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 	hfsplus_mark_inode_dirty(dir, HFSPLUS_I_CAT_DIRTY);
 
 	hfs_find_exit(&fd);
···
 	dir->i_size--;
 	if (type == HFSPLUS_FOLDER)
 		hfsplus_subfolders_dec(dir);
-	dir->i_mtime = dir->i_ctime = current_time(dir);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 	hfsplus_mark_inode_dirty(dir, HFSPLUS_I_CAT_DIRTY);
 
 	if (type == HFSPLUS_FILE || type == HFSPLUS_FOLDER) {
···
 	dst_dir->i_size++;
 	if (type == HFSPLUS_FOLDER)
 		hfsplus_subfolders_inc(dst_dir);
-	dst_dir->i_mtime = dst_dir->i_ctime = current_time(dst_dir);
+	dst_dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dst_dir);
 
 	/* finally remove the old entry */
 	err = hfsplus_cat_build_key(sb, src_fd.search_key,
···
 	src_dir->i_size--;
 	if (type == HFSPLUS_FOLDER)
 		hfsplus_subfolders_dec(src_dir);
-	src_dir->i_mtime = src_dir->i_ctime = current_time(src_dir);
+	src_dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(src_dir);
 
 	/* remove old thread entry */
 	hfsplus_cat_build_key_with_cnid(sb, src_fd.search_key, cnid);

fs/hfsplus/dir.c

···
 	inc_nlink(inode);
 	hfsplus_instantiate(dst_dentry, inode, cnid);
 	ihold(inode);
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	mark_inode_dirty(inode);
 	sbi->file_count++;
 	hfsplus_mark_mdb_dirty(dst_dir->i_sb);
···
 			hfsplus_delete_inode(inode);
 	} else
 		sbi->file_count--;
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	mark_inode_dirty(inode);
 out:
 	mutex_unlock(&sbi->vh_mutex);
···
 	if (res)
 		goto out;
 	clear_nlink(inode);
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	hfsplus_delete_inode(inode);
 	mark_inode_dirty(inode);
 out:

fs/hfsplus/inode.c

···
 		}
 		truncate_setsize(inode, attr->ia_size);
 		hfsplus_file_truncate(inode);
-		inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+		inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	}
 
 	setattr_copy(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, attr);
···
 	stat->attributes_mask |= STATX_ATTR_APPEND | STATX_ATTR_IMMUTABLE |
 				 STATX_ATTR_NODUMP;
 
-	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, stat);
+	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, request_mask, inode, stat);
 	return 0;
 }
 
···
 	inode->i_ino = sbi->next_cnid++;
 	inode_init_owner(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, dir, mode);
 	set_nlink(inode, 1);
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 
 	hip = HFSPLUS_I(inode);
 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&hip->open_dir_list);
···
 		inode->i_size = 2 + be32_to_cpu(folder->valence);
 		inode->i_atime = hfsp_mt2ut(folder->access_date);
 		inode->i_mtime = hfsp_mt2ut(folder->content_mod_date);
-		inode->i_ctime = hfsp_mt2ut(folder->attribute_mod_date);
+		inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode,
+				      hfsp_mt2ut(folder->attribute_mod_date));
 		HFSPLUS_I(inode)->create_date = folder->create_date;
 		HFSPLUS_I(inode)->fs_blocks = 0;
 		if (folder->flags & cpu_to_be16(HFSPLUS_HAS_FOLDER_COUNT)) {
···
 		}
 		inode->i_atime = hfsp_mt2ut(file->access_date);
 		inode->i_mtime = hfsp_mt2ut(file->content_mod_date);
-		inode->i_ctime = hfsp_mt2ut(file->attribute_mod_date);
+		inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode,
+				      hfsp_mt2ut(file->attribute_mod_date));
 		HFSPLUS_I(inode)->create_date = file->create_date;
 	} else {
 		pr_err("bad catalog entry used to create inode\n");
···
 		hfsplus_cat_set_perms(inode, &folder->permissions);
 		folder->access_date = hfsp_ut2mt(inode->i_atime);
 		folder->content_mod_date = hfsp_ut2mt(inode->i_mtime);
-		folder->attribute_mod_date = hfsp_ut2mt(inode->i_ctime);
+		folder->attribute_mod_date = hfsp_ut2mt(inode_get_ctime(inode));
 		folder->valence = cpu_to_be32(inode->i_size - 2);
 		if (folder->flags & cpu_to_be16(HFSPLUS_HAS_FOLDER_COUNT)) {
 			folder->subfolders =
···
 			file->flags &= cpu_to_be16(~HFSPLUS_FILE_LOCKED);
 		file->access_date = hfsp_ut2mt(inode->i_atime);
 		file->content_mod_date = hfsp_ut2mt(inode->i_mtime);
-		file->attribute_mod_date = hfsp_ut2mt(inode->i_ctime);
+		file->attribute_mod_date = hfsp_ut2mt(inode_get_ctime(inode));
 		hfs_bnode_write(fd.bnode, &entry, fd.entryoffset,
 					 sizeof(struct hfsplus_cat_file));
 	}
···
 	else
 		hip->userflags &= ~HFSPLUS_FLG_NODUMP;
 
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	mark_inode_dirty(inode);
 
 	return 0;

fs/hostfs/hostfs_kern.c

···
 		(struct timespec64){ st->atime.tv_sec, st->atime.tv_nsec };
 	ino->i_mtime =
 		(struct timespec64){ st->mtime.tv_sec, st->mtime.tv_nsec };
-	ino->i_ctime =
-		(struct timespec64){ st->ctime.tv_sec, st->ctime.tv_nsec };
+	inode_set_ctime(ino, st->ctime.tv_sec, st->ctime.tv_nsec);
 	ino->i_size = st->size;
 	ino->i_blocks = st->blocks;
 	return 0;

fs/hpfs/dir.c

···
 	 * inode.
 	 */
 
-	if (!result->i_ctime.tv_sec) {
-		if (!(result->i_ctime.tv_sec = local_to_gmt(dir->i_sb, le32_to_cpu(de->creation_date))))
-			result->i_ctime.tv_sec = 1;
-		result->i_ctime.tv_nsec = 0;
+	if (!inode_get_ctime(result).tv_sec) {
+		time64_t csec = local_to_gmt(dir->i_sb, le32_to_cpu(de->creation_date));
+
+		inode_set_ctime(result, csec ? csec : 1, 0);
 		result->i_mtime.tv_sec = local_to_gmt(dir->i_sb, le32_to_cpu(de->write_date));
 		result->i_mtime.tv_nsec = 0;
 		result->i_atime.tv_sec = local_to_gmt(dir->i_sb, le32_to_cpu(de->read_date));

fs/hpfs/inode.c

···
 	hpfs_inode->i_rddir_off = NULL;
 	hpfs_inode->i_dirty = 0;
 
-	i->i_ctime.tv_sec = i->i_ctime.tv_nsec = 0;
+	inode_set_ctime(i, 0, 0);
 	i->i_mtime.tv_sec = i->i_mtime.tv_nsec = 0;
 	i->i_atime.tv_sec = i->i_atime.tv_nsec = 0;
 }
···
 	if (de) {
 		de->write_date = cpu_to_le32(gmt_to_local(i->i_sb, i->i_mtime.tv_sec));
 		de->read_date = cpu_to_le32(gmt_to_local(i->i_sb, i->i_atime.tv_sec));
-		de->creation_date = cpu_to_le32(gmt_to_local(i->i_sb, i->i_ctime.tv_sec));
+		de->creation_date = cpu_to_le32(gmt_to_local(i->i_sb, inode_get_ctime(i).tv_sec));
 		de->read_only = !(i->i_mode & 0222);
 		de->ea_size = cpu_to_le32(hpfs_inode->i_ea_size);
 		hpfs_mark_4buffers_dirty(&qbh);
···
 		if ((de = map_dirent(i, hpfs_inode->i_dno, "\001\001", 2, NULL, &qbh))) {
 			de->write_date = cpu_to_le32(gmt_to_local(i->i_sb, i->i_mtime.tv_sec));
 			de->read_date = cpu_to_le32(gmt_to_local(i->i_sb, i->i_atime.tv_sec));
-			de->creation_date = cpu_to_le32(gmt_to_local(i->i_sb, i->i_ctime.tv_sec));
+			de->creation_date = cpu_to_le32(gmt_to_local(i->i_sb, inode_get_ctime(i).tv_sec));
 			de->read_only = !(i->i_mode & 0222);
 			de->ea_size = cpu_to_le32(/*hpfs_inode->i_ea_size*/0);
 			de->file_size = cpu_to_le32(0);

fs/hpfs/namei.c

···
 {
 	time64_t t = local_to_gmt(dir->i_sb, local_get_seconds(dir->i_sb));
 	if (t == dir->i_mtime.tv_sec &&
-	    t == dir->i_ctime.tv_sec)
+	    t == inode_get_ctime(dir).tv_sec)
 		return;
-	dir->i_mtime.tv_sec = dir->i_ctime.tv_sec = t;
-	dir->i_mtime.tv_nsec = dir->i_ctime.tv_nsec = 0;
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime(dir, t, 0);
 	hpfs_write_inode_nolock(dir);
 }
 
···
 	result->i_ino = fno;
 	hpfs_i(result)->i_parent_dir = dir->i_ino;
 	hpfs_i(result)->i_dno = dno;
-	result->i_ctime.tv_sec = result->i_mtime.tv_sec = result->i_atime.tv_sec = local_to_gmt(dir->i_sb, le32_to_cpu(dee.creation_date));
-	result->i_ctime.tv_nsec = 0; 
-	result->i_mtime.tv_nsec = 0; 
-	result->i_atime.tv_nsec = 0; 
+	result->i_mtime = result->i_atime =
+		inode_set_ctime(result, local_to_gmt(dir->i_sb, le32_to_cpu(dee.creation_date)), 0);
 	hpfs_i(result)->i_ea_size = 0;
 	result->i_mode |= S_IFDIR;
 	result->i_op = &hpfs_dir_iops;
···
 	result->i_fop = &hpfs_file_ops;
 	set_nlink(result, 1);
 	hpfs_i(result)->i_parent_dir = dir->i_ino;
-	result->i_ctime.tv_sec = result->i_mtime.tv_sec = result->i_atime.tv_sec = local_to_gmt(dir->i_sb, le32_to_cpu(dee.creation_date));
-	result->i_ctime.tv_nsec = 0;
-	result->i_mtime.tv_nsec = 0;
-	result->i_atime.tv_nsec = 0;
+	result->i_mtime = result->i_atime =
+		inode_set_ctime(result, local_to_gmt(dir->i_sb, le32_to_cpu(dee.creation_date)), 0);
 	hpfs_i(result)->i_ea_size = 0;
 	if (dee.read_only)
 		result->i_mode &= ~0222;
···
 	hpfs_init_inode(result);
 	result->i_ino = fno;
 	hpfs_i(result)->i_parent_dir = dir->i_ino;
-	result->i_ctime.tv_sec = result->i_mtime.tv_sec = result->i_atime.tv_sec = local_to_gmt(dir->i_sb, le32_to_cpu(dee.creation_date));
-	result->i_ctime.tv_nsec = 0;
-	result->i_mtime.tv_nsec = 0;
-	result->i_atime.tv_nsec = 0;
+	result->i_mtime = result->i_atime =
+		inode_set_ctime(result, local_to_gmt(dir->i_sb, le32_to_cpu(dee.creation_date)), 0);
 	hpfs_i(result)->i_ea_size = 0;
 	result->i_uid = current_fsuid();
 	result->i_gid = current_fsgid();
···
 	result->i_ino = fno;
 	hpfs_init_inode(result);
 	hpfs_i(result)->i_parent_dir = dir->i_ino;
-	result->i_ctime.tv_sec = result->i_mtime.tv_sec = result->i_atime.tv_sec = local_to_gmt(dir->i_sb, le32_to_cpu(dee.creation_date));
-	result->i_ctime.tv_nsec = 0;
-	result->i_mtime.tv_nsec = 0;
-	result->i_atime.tv_nsec = 0;
+	result->i_mtime = result->i_atime =
+		inode_set_ctime(result, local_to_gmt(dir->i_sb, le32_to_cpu(dee.creation_date)), 0);
 	hpfs_i(result)->i_ea_size = 0;
 	result->i_mode = S_IFLNK | 0777;
 	result->i_uid = current_fsuid();

fs/hpfs/super.c

···
 		root->i_atime.tv_nsec = 0;
 		root->i_mtime.tv_sec = local_to_gmt(s, le32_to_cpu(de->write_date));
 		root->i_mtime.tv_nsec = 0;
-		root->i_ctime.tv_sec = local_to_gmt(s, le32_to_cpu(de->creation_date));
-		root->i_ctime.tv_nsec = 0;
+		inode_set_ctime(root,
+				local_to_gmt(s, le32_to_cpu(de->creation_date)),
+				0);
 		hpfs_i(root)->i_ea_size = le32_to_cpu(de->ea_size);
 		hpfs_i(root)->i_parent_dir = root->i_ino;
 		if (root->i_size == -1)

fs/hugetlbfs/inode.c

···
 
 	if (!(mode & FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE) && offset + len > inode->i_size)
 		i_size_write(inode, offset + len);
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 out:
 	inode_unlock(inode);
 	return error;
···
 		inode->i_mode = S_IFDIR | ctx->mode;
 		inode->i_uid = ctx->uid;
 		inode->i_gid = ctx->gid;
-		inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+		inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 		inode->i_op = &hugetlbfs_dir_inode_operations;
 		inode->i_fop = &simple_dir_operations;
 		/* directory inodes start off with i_nlink == 2 (for "." entry) */
···
 		lockdep_set_class(&inode->i_mapping->i_mmap_rwsem,
 				&hugetlbfs_i_mmap_rwsem_key);
 		inode->i_mapping->a_ops = &hugetlbfs_aops;
-		inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+		inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 		inode->i_mapping->private_data = resv_map;
 		info->seals = F_SEAL_SEAL;
 		switch (mode & S_IFMT) {
···
 	inode = hugetlbfs_get_inode(dir->i_sb, dir, mode, dev);
 	if (!inode)
 		return -ENOSPC;
-	dir->i_ctime = dir->i_mtime = current_time(dir);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 	d_instantiate(dentry, inode);
 	dget(dentry);/* Extra count - pin the dentry in core */
 	return 0;
···
 	inode = hugetlbfs_get_inode(dir->i_sb, dir, mode | S_IFREG, 0);
 	if (!inode)
 		return -ENOSPC;
-	dir->i_ctime = dir->i_mtime = current_time(dir);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 	d_tmpfile(file, inode);
 	return finish_open_simple(file, 0);
 }
···
 		} else
 			iput(inode);
 	}
-	dir->i_ctime = dir->i_mtime = current_time(dir);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 
 	return error;
 }

fs/inode.c

···
 static int relatime_need_update(struct vfsmount *mnt, struct inode *inode,
 			     struct timespec64 now)
 {
+	struct timespec64 ctime;
 
 	if (!(mnt->mnt_flags & MNT_RELATIME))
 		return 1;
···
 	/*
 	 * Is ctime younger than or equal to atime? If yes, update atime:
 	 */
-	if (timespec64_compare(&inode->i_ctime, &inode->i_atime) >= 0)
+	ctime = inode_get_ctime(inode);
+	if (timespec64_compare(&ctime, &inode->i_atime) >= 0)
 		return 1;
 
 	/*
···
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int generic_update_time(struct inode *inode, struct timespec64 *time, int flags)
+/**
+ * inode_update_timestamps - update the timestamps on the inode
+ * @inode: inode to be updated
+ * @flags: S_* flags that needed to be updated
+ *
+ * The update_time function is called when an inode's timestamps need to be
+ * updated for a read or write operation. This function handles updating the
+ * actual timestamps. It's up to the caller to ensure that the inode is marked
+ * dirty appropriately.
+ *
+ * In the case where any of S_MTIME, S_CTIME, or S_VERSION need to be updated,
+ * attempt to update all three of them. S_ATIME updates can be handled
+ * independently of the rest.
+ *
+ * Returns a set of S_* flags indicating which values changed.
+ */
+int inode_update_timestamps(struct inode *inode, int flags)
 {
-	int dirty_flags = 0;
+	int updated = 0;
+	struct timespec64 now;
 
-	if (flags & (S_ATIME | S_CTIME | S_MTIME)) {
-		if (flags & S_ATIME)
-			inode->i_atime = *time;
-		if (flags & S_CTIME)
-			inode->i_ctime = *time;
-		if (flags & S_MTIME)
-			inode->i_mtime = *time;
+	if (flags & (S_MTIME|S_CTIME|S_VERSION)) {
+		struct timespec64 ctime = inode_get_ctime(inode);
 
-		if (inode->i_sb->s_flags & SB_LAZYTIME)
-			dirty_flags |= I_DIRTY_TIME;
-		else
-			dirty_flags |= I_DIRTY_SYNC;
+		now = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
+		if (!timespec64_equal(&now, &ctime))
+			updated |= S_CTIME;
+		if (!timespec64_equal(&now, &inode->i_mtime)) {
+			inode->i_mtime = now;
+			updated |= S_MTIME;
+		}
+		if (IS_I_VERSION(inode) && inode_maybe_inc_iversion(inode, updated))
+			updated |= S_VERSION;
+	} else {
+		now = current_time(inode);
 	}
 
-	if ((flags & S_VERSION) && inode_maybe_inc_iversion(inode, false))
-		dirty_flags |= I_DIRTY_SYNC;
+	if (flags & S_ATIME) {
+		if (!timespec64_equal(&now, &inode->i_atime)) {
+			inode->i_atime = now;
+			updated |= S_ATIME;
+		}
+	}
+	return updated;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(inode_update_timestamps);
 
+/**
+ * generic_update_time - update the timestamps on the inode
+ * @inode: inode to be updated
+ * @flags: S_* flags that needed to be updated
+ *
+ * The update_time function is called when an inode's timestamps need to be
+ * updated for a read or write operation. In the case where any of S_MTIME, S_CTIME,
+ * or S_VERSION need to be updated we attempt to update all three of them. S_ATIME
+ * updates can be handled done independently of the rest.
+ *
+ * Returns a S_* mask indicating which fields were updated.
+ */
+int generic_update_time(struct inode *inode, int flags)
+{
+	int updated = inode_update_timestamps(inode, flags);
+	int dirty_flags = 0;
+
+	if (updated & (S_ATIME|S_MTIME|S_CTIME))
+		dirty_flags = inode->i_sb->s_flags & SB_LAZYTIME ? I_DIRTY_TIME : I_DIRTY_SYNC;
+	if (updated & S_VERSION)
+		dirty_flags |= I_DIRTY_SYNC;
 	__mark_inode_dirty(inode, dirty_flags);
-	return 0;
+	return updated;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(generic_update_time);
 
···
  * This does the actual work of updating an inodes time or version.  Must have
  * had called mnt_want_write() before calling this.
  */
-int inode_update_time(struct inode *inode, struct timespec64 *time, int flags)
+int inode_update_time(struct inode *inode, int flags)
 {
 	if (inode->i_op->update_time)
-		return inode->i_op->update_time(inode, time, flags);
-	return generic_update_time(inode, time, flags);
+		return inode->i_op->update_time(inode, flags);
+	generic_update_time(inode, flags);
+	return 0;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(inode_update_time);
 
···
 {
 	struct vfsmount *mnt = path->mnt;
 	struct inode *inode = d_inode(path->dentry);
-	struct timespec64 now;
 
 	if (!atime_needs_update(path, inode))
 		return;
···
 	 * We may also fail on filesystems that have the ability to make parts
 	 * of the fs read only, e.g. subvolumes in Btrfs.
 	 */
-	now = current_time(inode);
-	inode_update_time(inode, &now, S_ATIME);
+	inode_update_time(inode, S_ATIME);
 	__mnt_drop_write(mnt);
 skip_update:
 	sb_end_write(inode->i_sb);
···
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(file_remove_privs);
 
-static int inode_needs_update_time(struct inode *inode, struct timespec64 *now)
+/**
+ * current_mgtime - Return FS time (possibly fine-grained)
+ * @inode: inode.
+ *
+ * Return the current time truncated to the time granularity supported by
+ * the fs, as suitable for a ctime/mtime change. If the ctime is flagged
+ * as having been QUERIED, get a fine-grained timestamp.
+ */
+struct timespec64 current_mgtime(struct inode *inode)
+{
+	struct timespec64 now, ctime;
+	atomic_long_t *pnsec = (atomic_long_t *)&inode->__i_ctime.tv_nsec;
+	long nsec = atomic_long_read(pnsec);
+
+	if (nsec & I_CTIME_QUERIED) {
+		ktime_get_real_ts64(&now);
+		return timestamp_truncate(now, inode);
+	}
+
+	ktime_get_coarse_real_ts64(&now);
+	now = timestamp_truncate(now, inode);
+
+	/*
+	 * If we've recently fetched a fine-grained timestamp
+	 * then the coarse-grained one may still be earlier than the
+	 * existing ctime. Just keep the existing value if so.
+	 */
+	ctime = inode_get_ctime(inode);
+	if (timespec64_compare(&ctime, &now) > 0)
+		now = ctime;
+
+	return now;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(current_mgtime);
+
+static struct timespec64 current_ctime(struct inode *inode)
+{
+	if (is_mgtime(inode))
+		return current_mgtime(inode);
+	return current_time(inode);
+}
+
+static int inode_needs_update_time(struct inode *inode)
 {
 	int sync_it = 0;
+	struct timespec64 now = current_ctime(inode);
+	struct timespec64 ctime;
 
 	/* First try to exhaust all avenues to not sync */
 	if (IS_NOCMTIME(inode))
 		return 0;
 
-	if (!timespec64_equal(&inode->i_mtime, now))
+	if (!timespec64_equal(&inode->i_mtime, &now))
 		sync_it = S_MTIME;
 
-	if (!timespec64_equal(&inode->i_ctime, now))
+	ctime = inode_get_ctime(inode);
+	if (!timespec64_equal(&ctime, &now))
 		sync_it |= S_CTIME;
 
 	if (IS_I_VERSION(inode) && inode_iversion_need_inc(inode))
···
 	return sync_it;
 }
 
-static int __file_update_time(struct file *file, struct timespec64 *now,
-			int sync_mode)
+static int __file_update_time(struct file *file, int sync_mode)
 {
 	int ret = 0;
 	struct inode *inode = file_inode(file);
 
 	/* try to update time settings */
 	if (!__mnt_want_write_file(file)) {
-		ret = inode_update_time(inode, now, sync_mode);
+		ret = inode_update_time(inode, sync_mode);
 		__mnt_drop_write_file(file);
 	}
 
···
 {
 	int ret;
 	struct inode *inode = file_inode(file);
-	struct timespec64 now = current_time(inode);
 
-	ret = inode_needs_update_time(inode, &now);
+	ret = inode_needs_update_time(inode);
 	if (ret <= 0)
 		return ret;
 
-	return __file_update_time(file, &now, ret);
+	return __file_update_time(file, ret);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(file_update_time);
 
···
 {
 	int ret;
 	struct inode *inode = file_inode(file);
-	struct timespec64 now = current_time(inode);
 
 	/*
 	 * Clear the security bits if the process is not being run by root.
···
 	if (unlikely(file->f_mode & FMODE_NOCMTIME))
 		return 0;
 
-	ret = inode_needs_update_time(inode, &now);
+	ret = inode_needs_update_time(inode);
 	if (ret <= 0)
 		return ret;
 	if (flags & IOCB_NOWAIT)
 		return -EAGAIN;
 
-	return __file_update_time(file, &now, ret);
+	return __file_update_time(file, ret);
 }
 
 /**
···
 	struct timespec64 now;
 
 	ktime_get_coarse_real_ts64(&now);
-
-	if (unlikely(!inode->i_sb)) {
-		WARN(1, "current_time() called with uninitialized super_block in the inode");
-		return now;
-	}
-
 	return timestamp_truncate(now, inode);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(current_time);
+
+/**
+ * inode_set_ctime_current - set the ctime to current_time
+ * @inode: inode
+ *
+ * Set the inode->i_ctime to the current value for the inode. Returns
+ * the current value that was assigned to i_ctime.
+ */
+struct timespec64 inode_set_ctime_current(struct inode *inode)
+{
+	struct timespec64 now;
+	struct timespec64 ctime;
+
+	ctime.tv_nsec = READ_ONCE(inode->__i_ctime.tv_nsec);
+	if (!(ctime.tv_nsec & I_CTIME_QUERIED)) {
+		now = current_time(inode);
+
+		/* Just copy it into place if it's not multigrain */
+		if (!is_mgtime(inode)) {
+			inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, now);
+			return now;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * If we've recently updated with a fine-grained timestamp,
+		 * then the coarse-grained one may still be earlier than the
+		 * existing ctime. Just keep the existing value if so.
+		 */
+		ctime.tv_sec = inode->__i_ctime.tv_sec;
+		if (timespec64_compare(&ctime, &now) > 0)
+			return ctime;
+
+		/*
+		 * Ctime updates are usually protected by the inode_lock, but
+		 * we can still race with someone setting the QUERIED flag.
+		 * Try to swap the new nsec value into place. If it's changed
+		 * in the interim, then just go with a fine-grained timestamp.
+		 */
+		if (cmpxchg(&inode->__i_ctime.tv_nsec, ctime.tv_nsec,
+			    now.tv_nsec) != ctime.tv_nsec)
+			goto fine_grained;
+		inode->__i_ctime.tv_sec = now.tv_sec;
+		return now;
+	}
+fine_grained:
+	ktime_get_real_ts64(&now);
+	inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, timestamp_truncate(now, inode));
+	return now;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(inode_set_ctime_current);
 
 /**
  * in_group_or_capable - check whether caller is CAP_FSETID privileged

fs/isofs/inode.c

···
 			inode->i_ino, de->flags[-high_sierra]);
 	}
 #endif
-
-	inode->i_mtime.tv_sec =
-	inode->i_atime.tv_sec =
-	inode->i_ctime.tv_sec = iso_date(de->date, high_sierra);
-	inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec =
-	inode->i_atime.tv_nsec =
-	inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec = 0;
+	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime =
+		inode_set_ctime(inode, iso_date(de->date, high_sierra), 0);
 
 	ei->i_first_extent = (isonum_733(de->extent) +
 			isonum_711(de->ext_attr_length));

fs/isofs/rock.c

···
 			/* Rock ridge never appears on a High Sierra disk */
 			cnt = 0;
 			if (rr->u.TF.flags & TF_CREATE) {
-				inode->i_ctime.tv_sec =
-				    iso_date(rr->u.TF.times[cnt++].time,
-					     0);
-				inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec = 0;
+				inode_set_ctime(inode,
+						iso_date(rr->u.TF.times[cnt++].time, 0),
+						0);
 			}
 			if (rr->u.TF.flags & TF_MODIFY) {
 				inode->i_mtime.tv_sec =
···
 				inode->i_atime.tv_nsec = 0;
 			}
 			if (rr->u.TF.flags & TF_ATTRIBUTES) {
-				inode->i_ctime.tv_sec =
-				    iso_date(rr->u.TF.times[cnt++].time,
-					     0);
-				inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec = 0;
+				inode_set_ctime(inode,
+						iso_date(rr->u.TF.times[cnt++].time, 0),
+						0);
 			}
 			break;
 		case SIG('S', 'L'):
···
 			inode->i_size = reloc->i_size;
 			inode->i_blocks = reloc->i_blocks;
 			inode->i_atime = reloc->i_atime;
-			inode->i_ctime = reloc->i_ctime;
+			inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, inode_get_ctime(reloc));
 			inode->i_mtime = reloc->i_mtime;
 			iput(reloc);
 			break;

fs/jffs2/dir.c

···
 	if (ret)
 		goto fail;
 
-	dir_i->i_mtime = dir_i->i_ctime = ITIME(je32_to_cpu(ri->ctime));
+	dir_i->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_to_ts(dir_i,
+					       ITIME(je32_to_cpu(ri->ctime)));
 
 	jffs2_free_raw_inode(ri);
 
···
 	if (dead_f->inocache)
 		set_nlink(d_inode(dentry), dead_f->inocache->pino_nlink);
 	if (!ret)
-		dir_i->i_mtime = dir_i->i_ctime = ITIME(now);
+		dir_i->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_to_ts(dir_i, ITIME(now));
 	return ret;
 }
 /***********************************************************************/
···
 		set_nlink(d_inode(old_dentry), ++f->inocache->pino_nlink);
 		mutex_unlock(&f->sem);
 		d_instantiate(dentry, d_inode(old_dentry));
-		dir_i->i_mtime = dir_i->i_ctime = ITIME(now);
+		dir_i->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_to_ts(dir_i, ITIME(now));
 		ihold(d_inode(old_dentry));
 	}
 	return ret;
···
 		goto fail;
 	}
 
-	dir_i->i_mtime = dir_i->i_ctime = ITIME(je32_to_cpu(rd->mctime));
+	dir_i->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_to_ts(dir_i,
+					       ITIME(je32_to_cpu(rd->mctime)));
 
 	jffs2_free_raw_dirent(rd);
 
···
 		goto fail;
 	}
 
-	dir_i->i_mtime = dir_i->i_ctime = ITIME(je32_to_cpu(rd->mctime));
+	dir_i->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_to_ts(dir_i,
+					       ITIME(je32_to_cpu(rd->mctime)));
 	inc_nlink(dir_i);
 
 	jffs2_free_raw_dirent(rd);
···
 	ret = jffs2_do_unlink(c, dir_f, dentry->d_name.name,
 			      dentry->d_name.len, f, now);
 	if (!ret) {
-		dir_i->i_mtime = dir_i->i_ctime = ITIME(now);
+		dir_i->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_to_ts(dir_i, ITIME(now));
 		clear_nlink(d_inode(dentry));
 		drop_nlink(dir_i);
 	}
···
 		goto fail;
 	}
 
-	dir_i->i_mtime = dir_i->i_ctime = ITIME(je32_to_cpu(rd->mctime));
+	dir_i->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_to_ts(dir_i,
+					       ITIME(je32_to_cpu(rd->mctime)));
 
 	jffs2_free_raw_dirent(rd);
 
···
 		 * caller won't do it on its own since we are returning an error.
 		 */
 		d_invalidate(new_dentry);
-		new_dir_i->i_mtime = new_dir_i->i_ctime = ITIME(now);
+		new_dir_i->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_to_ts(new_dir_i,
+							   ITIME(now));
 		return ret;
 	}
 
 	if (d_is_dir(old_dentry))
 		drop_nlink(old_dir_i);
 
-	new_dir_i->i_mtime = new_dir_i->i_ctime = old_dir_i->i_mtime = old_dir_i->i_ctime = ITIME(now);
+	old_dir_i->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_to_ts(old_dir_i, ITIME(now));
+	new_dir_i->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_to_ts(new_dir_i, ITIME(now));
 
 	return 0;
 }

fs/jffs2/file.c

···
 			inode->i_size = pos + writtenlen;
 			inode->i_blocks = (inode->i_size + 511) >> 9;
 
-			inode->i_ctime = inode->i_mtime = ITIME(je32_to_cpu(ri->ctime));
+			inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode,
+							       ITIME(je32_to_cpu(ri->ctime)));
 		}
 	}
 

fs/jffs2/fs.c

···
 	ri->isize = cpu_to_je32((ivalid & ATTR_SIZE)?iattr->ia_size:inode->i_size);
 	ri->atime = cpu_to_je32(I_SEC((ivalid & ATTR_ATIME)?iattr->ia_atime:inode->i_atime));
 	ri->mtime = cpu_to_je32(I_SEC((ivalid & ATTR_MTIME)?iattr->ia_mtime:inode->i_mtime));
-	ri->ctime = cpu_to_je32(I_SEC((ivalid & ATTR_CTIME)?iattr->ia_ctime:inode->i_ctime));
+	ri->ctime = cpu_to_je32(I_SEC((ivalid & ATTR_CTIME)?iattr->ia_ctime:inode_get_ctime(inode)));
 
 	ri->offset = cpu_to_je32(0);
 	ri->csize = ri->dsize = cpu_to_je32(mdatalen);
···
 	}
 	/* It worked. Update the inode */
 	inode->i_atime = ITIME(je32_to_cpu(ri->atime));
-	inode->i_ctime = ITIME(je32_to_cpu(ri->ctime));
+	inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, ITIME(je32_to_cpu(ri->ctime)));
 	inode->i_mtime = ITIME(je32_to_cpu(ri->mtime));
 	inode->i_mode = jemode_to_cpu(ri->mode);
 	i_uid_write(inode, je16_to_cpu(ri->uid));
···
 	inode->i_size = je32_to_cpu(latest_node.isize);
 	inode->i_atime = ITIME(je32_to_cpu(latest_node.atime));
 	inode->i_mtime = ITIME(je32_to_cpu(latest_node.mtime));
-	inode->i_ctime = ITIME(je32_to_cpu(latest_node.ctime));
+	inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, ITIME(je32_to_cpu(latest_node.ctime)));
 
 	set_nlink(inode, f->inocache->pino_nlink);
 
···
 	iattr.ia_gid = inode->i_gid;
 	iattr.ia_atime = inode->i_atime;
 	iattr.ia_mtime = inode->i_mtime;
-	iattr.ia_ctime = inode->i_ctime;
+	iattr.ia_ctime = inode_get_ctime(inode);
 
 	jffs2_do_setattr(inode, &iattr);
 }
···
 	inode->i_mode = jemode_to_cpu(ri->mode);
 	i_gid_write(inode, je16_to_cpu(ri->gid));
 	i_uid_write(inode, je16_to_cpu(ri->uid));
-	inode->i_atime = inode->i_ctime = inode->i_mtime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	ri->atime = ri->mtime = ri->ctime = cpu_to_je32(I_SEC(inode->i_mtime));
 
 	inode->i_blocks = 0;

fs/jffs2/os-linux.h

···
 #define ITIME(sec) ((struct timespec64){sec, 0})
 #define JFFS2_NOW() JFFS2_CLAMP_TIME(ktime_get_real_seconds())
 #define I_SEC(tv) JFFS2_CLAMP_TIME((tv).tv_sec)
-#define JFFS2_F_I_CTIME(f) I_SEC(OFNI_EDONI_2SFFJ(f)->i_ctime)
+#define JFFS2_F_I_CTIME(f) I_SEC(inode_get_ctime(OFNI_EDONI_2SFFJ(f)))
 #define JFFS2_F_I_MTIME(f) I_SEC(OFNI_EDONI_2SFFJ(f)->i_mtime)
 #define JFFS2_F_I_ATIME(f) I_SEC(OFNI_EDONI_2SFFJ(f)->i_atime)
 #define sleep_on_spinunlock(wq, s)				\

fs/jfs/acl.c

···
 	if (!rc) {
 		if (update_mode) {
 			inode->i_mode = mode;
-			inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+			inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 			mark_inode_dirty(inode);
 		}
 		rc = txCommit(tid, 1, &inode, 0);

fs/jfs/inode.c

···
 			break;
 		}
 
-		ip->i_mtime = ip->i_ctime = current_time(ip);
+		ip->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(ip);
 		mark_inode_dirty(ip);
 
 		txCommit(tid, 1, &ip, 0);

fs/jfs/ioctl.c

···
 	jfs_inode->mode2 = flags;
 
 	jfs_set_inode_flags(inode);
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	mark_inode_dirty(inode);
 
 	return 0;

fs/jfs/jfs_imap.c

···
 	ip->i_atime.tv_nsec = le32_to_cpu(dip->di_atime.tv_nsec);
 	ip->i_mtime.tv_sec = le32_to_cpu(dip->di_mtime.tv_sec);
 	ip->i_mtime.tv_nsec = le32_to_cpu(dip->di_mtime.tv_nsec);
-	ip->i_ctime.tv_sec = le32_to_cpu(dip->di_ctime.tv_sec);
-	ip->i_ctime.tv_nsec = le32_to_cpu(dip->di_ctime.tv_nsec);
+	inode_set_ctime(ip, le32_to_cpu(dip->di_ctime.tv_sec),
+			le32_to_cpu(dip->di_ctime.tv_nsec));
 	ip->i_blocks = LBLK2PBLK(ip->i_sb, le64_to_cpu(dip->di_nblocks));
 	ip->i_generation = le32_to_cpu(dip->di_gen);
 
···
 
 	dip->di_atime.tv_sec = cpu_to_le32(ip->i_atime.tv_sec);
 	dip->di_atime.tv_nsec = cpu_to_le32(ip->i_atime.tv_nsec);
-	dip->di_ctime.tv_sec = cpu_to_le32(ip->i_ctime.tv_sec);
-	dip->di_ctime.tv_nsec = cpu_to_le32(ip->i_ctime.tv_nsec);
+	dip->di_ctime.tv_sec = cpu_to_le32(inode_get_ctime(ip).tv_sec);
+	dip->di_ctime.tv_nsec = cpu_to_le32(inode_get_ctime(ip).tv_nsec);
 	dip->di_mtime.tv_sec = cpu_to_le32(ip->i_mtime.tv_sec);
 	dip->di_mtime.tv_nsec = cpu_to_le32(ip->i_mtime.tv_nsec);
 	dip->di_ixpxd = jfs_ip->ixpxd;	/* in-memory pxd's are little-endian */

fs/jfs/jfs_inode.c

···
 	jfs_inode->mode2 |= inode->i_mode;
 
 	inode->i_blocks = 0;
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
-	jfs_inode->otime = inode->i_ctime.tv_sec;
+	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
+	jfs_inode->otime = inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_sec;
 	inode->i_generation = JFS_SBI(sb)->gengen++;
 
 	jfs_inode->cflag = 0;

fs/jfs/namei.c

···
 
 	mark_inode_dirty(ip);
 
-	dip->i_ctime = dip->i_mtime = current_time(dip);
+	dip->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dip);
 
 	mark_inode_dirty(dip);
 
···
 
 	/* update parent directory inode */
 	inc_nlink(dip);		/* for '..' from child directory */
-	dip->i_ctime = dip->i_mtime = current_time(dip);
+	dip->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dip);
 	mark_inode_dirty(dip);
 
 	rc = txCommit(tid, 2, &iplist[0], 0);
···
 	/* update parent directory's link count corresponding
 	 * to ".." entry of the target directory deleted
 	 */
-	dip->i_ctime = dip->i_mtime = current_time(dip);
+	dip->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dip);
 	inode_dec_link_count(dip);
 
 	/*
···
 
 	ASSERT(ip->i_nlink);
 
-	ip->i_ctime = dip->i_ctime = dip->i_mtime = current_time(ip);
+	dip->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_to_ts(dip, inode_set_ctime_current(ip));
 	mark_inode_dirty(dip);
 
 	/* update target's inode */
···
 
 	/* update object inode */
 	inc_nlink(ip);		/* for new link */
-	ip->i_ctime = current_time(ip);
-	dir->i_ctime = dir->i_mtime = current_time(dir);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(ip);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 	mark_inode_dirty(dir);
 	ihold(ip);
 
···
 
 	mark_inode_dirty(ip);
 
-	dip->i_ctime = dip->i_mtime = current_time(dip);
+	dip->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dip);
 	mark_inode_dirty(dip);
 	/*
 	 * commit update of parent directory and link object
···
 			tblk->xflag |= COMMIT_DELETE;
 			tblk->u.ip = new_ip;
 		} else {
-			new_ip->i_ctime = current_time(new_ip);
+			inode_set_ctime_current(new_ip);
 			mark_inode_dirty(new_ip);
 		}
 	} else {
···
 	/*
 	 * Update ctime on changed/moved inodes & mark dirty
 	 */
-	old_ip->i_ctime = current_time(old_ip);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(old_ip);
 	mark_inode_dirty(old_ip);
 
-	new_dir->i_ctime = new_dir->i_mtime = current_time(new_dir);
+	new_dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(new_dir);
 	mark_inode_dirty(new_dir);
 
 	/* Build list of inodes modified by this transaction */
···
 
 	if (old_dir != new_dir) {
 		iplist[ipcount++] = new_dir;
-		old_dir->i_ctime = old_dir->i_mtime = current_time(old_dir);
+		old_dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(old_dir);
 		mark_inode_dirty(old_dir);
 	}
 
···
 
 	mark_inode_dirty(ip);
 
-	dir->i_ctime = dir->i_mtime = current_time(dir);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 
 	mark_inode_dirty(dir);
 

fs/jfs/super.c

···
 	}
 	if (inode->i_size < off+len-towrite)
 		i_size_write(inode, off+len-towrite);
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	mark_inode_dirty(inode);
 	inode_unlock(inode);
 	return len - towrite;

fs/jfs/xattr.c

···
 	if (old_blocks)
 		dquot_free_block(inode, old_blocks);
 
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 
 	return 0;
 }

fs/kernfs/inode.c

···
 static inline void set_default_inode_attr(struct inode *inode, umode_t mode)
 {
 	inode->i_mode = mode;
-	inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime =
-		inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 }
 
 static inline void set_inode_attr(struct inode *inode,
···
 	inode->i_gid = attrs->ia_gid;
 	inode->i_atime = attrs->ia_atime;
 	inode->i_mtime = attrs->ia_mtime;
-	inode->i_ctime = attrs->ia_ctime;
+	inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, attrs->ia_ctime);
 }
 
 static void kernfs_refresh_inode(struct kernfs_node *kn, struct inode *inode)
···
 
 	down_read(&root->kernfs_iattr_rwsem);
 	kernfs_refresh_inode(kn, inode);
-	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, stat);
+	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, request_mask, inode, stat);
 	up_read(&root->kernfs_iattr_rwsem);
 
 	return 0;

fs/libfs.c

···
 		   unsigned int query_flags)
 {
 	struct inode *inode = d_inode(path->dentry);
-	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, stat);
+	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, request_mask, inode, stat);
 	stat->blocks = inode->i_mapping->nrpages << (PAGE_SHIFT - 9);
 	return 0;
 }
···
 		while ((child = find_next_child(this, victim)) == NULL) {
 			// kill and ascend
 			// update metadata while it's still locked
-			inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+			inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 			clear_nlink(inode);
 			inode_unlock(inode);
 			victim = this;
···
 				dput(victim);		// unpin it
 			}
 			if (victim == dentry) {
-				inode->i_ctime = inode->i_mtime =
-					current_time(inode);
+				inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 				if (d_is_dir(dentry))
 					drop_nlink(inode);
 				inode_unlock(inode);
···
 	 */
 	root->i_ino = 1;
 	root->i_mode = S_IFDIR | S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR;
-	root->i_atime = root->i_mtime = root->i_ctime = current_time(root);
+	root->i_atime = root->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(root);
 	s->s_root = d_make_root(root);
 	if (!s->s_root)
 		return -ENOMEM;
···
 {
 	struct inode *inode = d_inode(old_dentry);
 
-	inode->i_ctime = dir->i_ctime = dir->i_mtime = current_time(inode);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_to_ts(dir,
+					     inode_set_ctime_current(inode));
 	inc_nlink(inode);
 	ihold(inode);
 	dget(dentry);
···
 {
 	struct inode *inode = d_inode(dentry);
 
-	inode->i_ctime = dir->i_ctime = dir->i_mtime = current_time(inode);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_to_ts(dir,
+					     inode_set_ctime_current(inode));
 	drop_nlink(inode);
 	dput(dentry);
 	return 0;
···
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_rmdir);
 
+/**
+ * simple_rename_timestamp - update the various inode timestamps for rename
+ * @old_dir: old parent directory
+ * @old_dentry: dentry that is being renamed
+ * @new_dir: new parent directory
+ * @new_dentry: target for rename
+ *
+ * POSIX mandates that the old and new parent directories have their ctime and
+ * mtime updated, and that inodes of @old_dentry and @new_dentry (if any), have
+ * their ctime updated.
+ */
+void simple_rename_timestamp(struct inode *old_dir, struct dentry *old_dentry,
+			     struct inode *new_dir, struct dentry *new_dentry)
+{
+	struct inode *newino = d_inode(new_dentry);
+
+	old_dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(old_dir);
+	if (new_dir != old_dir)
+		new_dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(new_dir);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(d_inode(old_dentry));
+	if (newino)
+		inode_set_ctime_current(newino);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(simple_rename_timestamp);
+
 int simple_rename_exchange(struct inode *old_dir, struct dentry *old_dentry,
 			   struct inode *new_dir, struct dentry *new_dentry)
 {
···
 			inc_nlink(old_dir);
 		}
 	}
-	old_dir->i_ctime = old_dir->i_mtime =
-	new_dir->i_ctime = new_dir->i_mtime =
-	d_inode(old_dentry)->i_ctime =
-	d_inode(new_dentry)->i_ctime = current_time(old_dir);
-
+	simple_rename_timestamp(old_dir, old_dentry, new_dir, new_dentry);
 	return 0;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(simple_rename_exchange);
···
 		  struct dentry *old_dentry, struct inode *new_dir,
 		  struct dentry *new_dentry, unsigned int flags)
 {
-	struct inode *inode = d_inode(old_dentry);
 	int they_are_dirs = d_is_dir(old_dentry);
 
 	if (flags & ~(RENAME_NOREPLACE | RENAME_EXCHANGE))
···
 		inc_nlink(new_dir);
 	}
 
-	old_dir->i_ctime = old_dir->i_mtime = new_dir->i_ctime =
-		new_dir->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(old_dir);
-
+	simple_rename_timestamp(old_dir, old_dentry, new_dir, new_dentry);
 	return 0;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_rename);
···
 	 */
 	inode->i_ino = 1;
 	inode->i_mode = S_IFDIR | 0755;
-	inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	inode->i_op = &simple_dir_inode_operations;
 	inode->i_fop = &simple_dir_operations;
 	set_nlink(inode, 2);
···
 			goto out;
 		}
 		inode->i_mode = S_IFREG | files->mode;
-		inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+		inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 		inode->i_fop = files->ops;
 		inode->i_ino = i;
 		d_add(dentry, inode);
···
 	inode->i_uid = current_fsuid();
 	inode->i_gid = current_fsgid();
 	inode->i_flags |= S_PRIVATE;
-	inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	return inode;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(alloc_anon_inode);
···
 			     u32 request_mask, unsigned int query_flags)
 {
 	struct inode *inode = d_inode(path->dentry);
-	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, stat);
+	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, request_mask, inode, stat);
 	return 0;
 }
 

fs/minix/bitmap.c

···
 	}
 	inode_init_owner(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, dir, mode);
 	inode->i_ino = j;
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	inode->i_blocks = 0;
 	memset(&minix_i(inode)->u, 0, sizeof(minix_i(inode)->u));
 	insert_inode_hash(inode);

fs/minix/dir.c

···
 		de->inode = inode->i_ino;
 	}
 	dir_commit_chunk(page, pos, sbi->s_dirsize);
-	dir->i_mtime = dir->i_ctime = current_time(dir);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 	mark_inode_dirty(dir);
 	err = minix_handle_dirsync(dir);
 out_put:
···
 	else
 		de->inode = 0;
 	dir_commit_chunk(page, pos, len);
-	inode->i_ctime = inode->i_mtime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	mark_inode_dirty(inode);
 	return minix_handle_dirsync(inode);
 }
···
 	else
 		de->inode = inode->i_ino;
 	dir_commit_chunk(page, pos, sbi->s_dirsize);
-	dir->i_mtime = dir->i_ctime = current_time(dir);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 	mark_inode_dirty(dir);
 	return minix_handle_dirsync(dir);
 }

fs/minix/inode.c

···
 	i_gid_write(inode, raw_inode->i_gid);
 	set_nlink(inode, raw_inode->i_nlinks);
 	inode->i_size = raw_inode->i_size;
-	inode->i_mtime.tv_sec = inode->i_atime.tv_sec = inode->i_ctime.tv_sec = raw_inode->i_time;
-	inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec = 0;
-	inode->i_atime.tv_nsec = 0;
-	inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec = 0;
+	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode_set_ctime(inode, raw_inode->i_time, 0);
 	inode->i_blocks = 0;
 	for (i = 0; i < 9; i++)
 		minix_inode->u.i1_data[i] = raw_inode->i_zone[i];
···
 	inode->i_size = raw_inode->i_size;
 	inode->i_mtime.tv_sec = raw_inode->i_mtime;
 	inode->i_atime.tv_sec = raw_inode->i_atime;
-	inode->i_ctime.tv_sec = raw_inode->i_ctime;
+	inode_set_ctime(inode, raw_inode->i_ctime, 0);
 	inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec = 0;
 	inode->i_atime.tv_nsec = 0;
-	inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec = 0;
 	inode->i_blocks = 0;
 	for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)
 		minix_inode->u.i2_data[i] = raw_inode->i_zone[i];
···
 	raw_inode->i_size = inode->i_size;
 	raw_inode->i_mtime = inode->i_mtime.tv_sec;
 	raw_inode->i_atime = inode->i_atime.tv_sec;
-	raw_inode->i_ctime = inode->i_ctime.tv_sec;
+	raw_inode->i_ctime = inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_sec;
 	if (S_ISCHR(inode->i_mode) || S_ISBLK(inode->i_mode))
 		raw_inode->i_zone[0] = old_encode_dev(inode->i_rdev);
 	else for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)
···
 	struct super_block *sb = path->dentry->d_sb;
 	struct inode *inode = d_inode(path->dentry);
 
-	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, stat);
+	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, request_mask, inode, stat);
 	if (INODE_VERSION(inode) == MINIX_V1)
 		stat->blocks = (BLOCK_SIZE / 512) * V1_minix_blocks(stat->size, sb);
 	else

fs/minix/itree_common.c

···
 
 	/* We are done with atomic stuff, now do the rest of housekeeping */
 
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 
 	/* had we spliced it onto indirect block? */
 	if (where->bh)
···
 		}
 		first_whole++;
 	}
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	mark_inode_dirty(inode);
 }
 

fs/minix/namei.c

···
 {
 	struct inode *inode = d_inode(old_dentry);
 
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	inode_inc_link_count(inode);
 	ihold(inode);
 	return add_nondir(dentry, inode);
···
 
 	if (err)
 		return err;
-	inode->i_ctime = dir->i_ctime;
+	inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, inode_get_ctime(dir));
 	inode_dec_link_count(inode);
 	return 0;
 }
···
 		put_page(new_page);
 		if (err)
 			goto out_dir;
-		new_inode->i_ctime = current_time(new_inode);
+		inode_set_ctime_current(new_inode);
 		if (dir_de)
 			drop_nlink(new_inode);
 		inode_dec_link_count(new_inode);

fs/nfs/callback_proc.c

···
 	res->change_attr = delegation->change_attr;
 	if (nfs_have_writebacks(inode))
 		res->change_attr++;
-	res->ctime = inode->i_ctime;
+	res->ctime = inode_get_ctime(inode);
 	res->mtime = inode->i_mtime;
 	res->bitmap[0] = (FATTR4_WORD0_CHANGE|FATTR4_WORD0_SIZE) &
 		args->bitmap[0];

fs/nfs/fscache.h

···
 	memset(auxdata, 0, sizeof(*auxdata));
 	auxdata->mtime_sec  = inode->i_mtime.tv_sec;
 	auxdata->mtime_nsec = inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec;
-	auxdata->ctime_sec  = inode->i_ctime.tv_sec;
-	auxdata->ctime_nsec = inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec;
+	auxdata->ctime_sec  = inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_sec;
+	auxdata->ctime_nsec = inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_nsec;
 
 	if (NFS_SERVER(inode)->nfs_client->rpc_ops->version == 4)
 		auxdata->change_attr = inode_peek_iversion_raw(inode);

fs/nfs/inode.c

···
 
 		memset(&inode->i_atime, 0, sizeof(inode->i_atime));
 		memset(&inode->i_mtime, 0, sizeof(inode->i_mtime));
-		memset(&inode->i_ctime, 0, sizeof(inode->i_ctime));
+		inode_set_ctime(inode, 0, 0);
 		inode_set_iversion_raw(inode, 0);
 		inode->i_size = 0;
 		clear_nlink(inode);
···
 		else if (fattr_supported & NFS_ATTR_FATTR_MTIME)
 			nfs_set_cache_invalid(inode, NFS_INO_INVALID_MTIME);
 		if (fattr->valid & NFS_ATTR_FATTR_CTIME)
-			inode->i_ctime = fattr->ctime;
+			inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, fattr->ctime);
 		else if (fattr_supported & NFS_ATTR_FATTR_CTIME)
 			nfs_set_cache_invalid(inode, NFS_INO_INVALID_CTIME);
 		if (fattr->valid & NFS_ATTR_FATTR_CHANGE)
···
 		if ((attr->ia_valid & ATTR_GID) != 0)
 			inode->i_gid = attr->ia_gid;
 		if (fattr->valid & NFS_ATTR_FATTR_CTIME)
-			inode->i_ctime = fattr->ctime;
+			inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, fattr->ctime);
 		else
 			nfs_set_cache_invalid(inode, NFS_INO_INVALID_CHANGE
 					| NFS_INO_INVALID_CTIME);
···
 			nfs_set_cache_invalid(inode, NFS_INO_INVALID_ATIME);
 
 		if (fattr->valid & NFS_ATTR_FATTR_CTIME)
-			inode->i_ctime = fattr->ctime;
+			inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, fattr->ctime);
 		else
 			nfs_set_cache_invalid(inode, NFS_INO_INVALID_CHANGE
 					| NFS_INO_INVALID_CTIME);
···
 			nfs_set_cache_invalid(inode, NFS_INO_INVALID_MTIME);
 
 		if (fattr->valid & NFS_ATTR_FATTR_CTIME)
-			inode->i_ctime = fattr->ctime;
+			inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, fattr->ctime);
 		else
 			nfs_set_cache_invalid(inode, NFS_INO_INVALID_CHANGE
 					| NFS_INO_INVALID_CTIME);
···
 	/* Only return attributes that were revalidated. */
 	stat->result_mask = nfs_get_valid_attrmask(inode) | request_mask;
 
-	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, stat);
+	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, request_mask, inode, stat);
 	stat->ino = nfs_compat_user_ino64(NFS_FILEID(inode));
 	stat->change_cookie = inode_peek_iversion_raw(inode);
 	stat->attributes_mask |= STATX_ATTR_CHANGE_MONOTONIC;
···
 			nfs_set_cache_invalid(inode, NFS_INO_INVALID_XATTR);
 	}
 	/* If we have atomic WCC data, we may update some attributes */
-	ts = inode->i_ctime;
+	ts = inode_get_ctime(inode);
 	if ((fattr->valid & NFS_ATTR_FATTR_PRECTIME)
 			&& (fattr->valid & NFS_ATTR_FATTR_CTIME)
 			&& timespec64_equal(&ts, &fattr->pre_ctime)) {
-		inode->i_ctime = fattr->ctime;
+		inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, fattr->ctime);
 	}
 
 	ts = inode->i_mtime;
···
 		if ((fattr->valid & NFS_ATTR_FATTR_MTIME) && !timespec64_equal(&ts, &fattr->mtime))
 			invalid |= NFS_INO_INVALID_MTIME;
 
-		ts = inode->i_ctime;
+		ts = inode_get_ctime(inode);
 		if ((fattr->valid & NFS_ATTR_FATTR_CTIME) && !timespec64_equal(&ts, &fattr->ctime))
 			invalid |= NFS_INO_INVALID_CTIME;
 
···
 	}
 	if ((fattr->valid & NFS_ATTR_FATTR_CTIME) != 0 &&
 			(fattr->valid & NFS_ATTR_FATTR_PRECTIME) == 0) {
-		fattr->pre_ctime = inode->i_ctime;
+		fattr->pre_ctime = inode_get_ctime(inode);
 		fattr->valid |= NFS_ATTR_FATTR_PRECTIME;
 	}
 	if ((fattr->valid & NFS_ATTR_FATTR_MTIME) != 0 &&
···
 			save_cache_validity & NFS_INO_INVALID_MTIME;
 
 	if (fattr->valid & NFS_ATTR_FATTR_CTIME)
-		inode->i_ctime = fattr->ctime;
+		inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, fattr->ctime);
 	else if (fattr_supported & NFS_ATTR_FATTR_CTIME)
 		nfsi->cache_validity |=
 			save_cache_validity & NFS_INO_INVALID_CTIME;

fs/nfs/namespace.c

···
 	if (NFS_FH(d_inode(path->dentry))->size != 0)
 		return nfs_getattr(idmap, path, stat, request_mask,
 				   query_flags);
-	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, d_inode(path->dentry), stat);
+	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, request_mask, d_inode(path->dentry),
+			 stat);
 	return 0;
 }
 

fs/nfsd/nfsctl.c

···
 	/* Following advice from simple_fill_super documentation: */
 	inode->i_ino = iunique(sb, NFSD_MaxReserved);
 	inode->i_mode = mode;
-	inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	switch (mode & S_IFMT) {
 	case S_IFDIR:
 		inode->i_fop = &simple_dir_operations;

fs/nfsd/vfs.c

···
 
 	nfsd_sanitize_attrs(inode, iap);
 
-	if (check_guard && guardtime != inode->i_ctime.tv_sec)
+	if (check_guard && guardtime != inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_sec)
 		return nfserr_notsync;
 
 	/*

fs/nilfs2/dir.c

···
 	nilfs_set_de_type(de, inode);
 	nilfs_commit_chunk(page, mapping, from, to);
 	nilfs_put_page(page);
-	dir->i_mtime = dir->i_ctime = current_time(dir);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 }
 
 /*
···
 	de->inode = cpu_to_le64(inode->i_ino);
 	nilfs_set_de_type(de, inode);
 	nilfs_commit_chunk(page, page->mapping, from, to);
-	dir->i_mtime = dir->i_ctime = current_time(dir);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 	nilfs_mark_inode_dirty(dir);
 	/* OFFSET_CACHE */
 out_put:
···
 		pde->rec_len = nilfs_rec_len_to_disk(to - from);
 	dir->inode = 0;
 	nilfs_commit_chunk(page, mapping, from, to);
-	inode->i_ctime = inode->i_mtime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 out:
 	nilfs_put_page(page);
 	return err;

fs/nilfs2/inode.c

···
 	atomic64_inc(&root->inodes_count);
 	inode_init_owner(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, dir, mode);
 	inode->i_ino = ino;
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 
 	if (S_ISREG(mode) || S_ISDIR(mode) || S_ISLNK(mode)) {
 		err = nilfs_bmap_read(ii->i_bmap, NULL);
···
 	set_nlink(inode, le16_to_cpu(raw_inode->i_links_count));
 	inode->i_size = le64_to_cpu(raw_inode->i_size);
 	inode->i_atime.tv_sec = le64_to_cpu(raw_inode->i_mtime);
-	inode->i_ctime.tv_sec = le64_to_cpu(raw_inode->i_ctime);
+	inode_set_ctime(inode, le64_to_cpu(raw_inode->i_ctime),
+			le32_to_cpu(raw_inode->i_ctime_nsec));
 	inode->i_mtime.tv_sec = le64_to_cpu(raw_inode->i_mtime);
 	inode->i_atime.tv_nsec = le32_to_cpu(raw_inode->i_mtime_nsec);
-	inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec = le32_to_cpu(raw_inode->i_ctime_nsec);
 	inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec = le32_to_cpu(raw_inode->i_mtime_nsec);
 	if (nilfs_is_metadata_file_inode(inode) && !S_ISREG(inode->i_mode))
 		return -EIO; /* this inode is for metadata and corrupted */
···
 	raw_inode->i_gid = cpu_to_le32(i_gid_read(inode));
 	raw_inode->i_links_count = cpu_to_le16(inode->i_nlink);
 	raw_inode->i_size = cpu_to_le64(inode->i_size);
-	raw_inode->i_ctime = cpu_to_le64(inode->i_ctime.tv_sec);
+	raw_inode->i_ctime = cpu_to_le64(inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_sec);
 	raw_inode->i_mtime = cpu_to_le64(inode->i_mtime.tv_sec);
-	raw_inode->i_ctime_nsec = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec);
+	raw_inode->i_ctime_nsec = cpu_to_le32(inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_nsec);
 	raw_inode->i_mtime_nsec = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec);
 	raw_inode->i_blocks = cpu_to_le64(inode->i_blocks);
 
···
 
 	nilfs_truncate_bmap(ii, blkoff);
 
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	if (IS_SYNC(inode))
 		nilfs_set_transaction_flag(NILFS_TI_SYNC);
 

fs/nilfs2/ioctl.c

···
 	NILFS_I(inode)->i_flags = oldflags | (flags & FS_FL_USER_MODIFIABLE);
 
 	nilfs_set_inode_flags(inode);
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	if (IS_SYNC(inode))
 		nilfs_set_transaction_flag(NILFS_TI_SYNC);
 

fs/nilfs2/namei.c

···
 	if (err)
 		return err;
 
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	inode_inc_link_count(inode);
 	ihold(inode);
 
···
 	if (err)
 		goto out;
 
-	inode->i_ctime = dir->i_ctime;
+	inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, inode_get_ctime(dir));
 	drop_nlink(inode);
 	err = 0;
 out:
···
 			goto out_dir;
 		nilfs_set_link(new_dir, new_de, new_page, old_inode);
 		nilfs_mark_inode_dirty(new_dir);
-		new_inode->i_ctime = current_time(new_inode);
+		inode_set_ctime_current(new_inode);
 		if (dir_de)
 			drop_nlink(new_inode);
 		drop_nlink(new_inode);
···
 	 * Like most other Unix systems, set the ctime for inodes on a
 	 * rename.
 	 */
-	old_inode->i_ctime = current_time(old_inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(old_inode);
 
 	nilfs_delete_entry(old_de, old_page);
 

fs/nsfs.c

···
 		return -ENOMEM;
 	}
 	inode->i_ino = ns->inum;
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	inode->i_flags |= S_IMMUTABLE;
 	inode->i_mode = S_IFREG | S_IRUGO;
 	inode->i_fop = &ns_file_operations;

fs/ntfs/inode.c

···
 	 * always changes, when mtime is changed. ctime can be changed on its
 	 * own, mtime is then not changed, e.g. when a file is renamed.
 	 */
-	vi->i_ctime = ntfs2utc(si->last_mft_change_time);
+	inode_set_ctime_to_ts(vi, ntfs2utc(si->last_mft_change_time));
 	/*
 	 * Last access to the data within the file. Not changed during a rename
 	 * for example but changed whenever the file is written to.
···
 	vi->i_gid	= base_vi->i_gid;
 	set_nlink(vi, base_vi->i_nlink);
 	vi->i_mtime	= base_vi->i_mtime;
-	vi->i_ctime	= base_vi->i_ctime;
+	inode_set_ctime_to_ts(vi, inode_get_ctime(base_vi));
 	vi->i_atime	= base_vi->i_atime;
 	vi->i_generation = ni->seq_no = base_ni->seq_no;
 
···
 	vi->i_gid	= base_vi->i_gid;
 	set_nlink(vi, base_vi->i_nlink);
 	vi->i_mtime	= base_vi->i_mtime;
-	vi->i_ctime	= base_vi->i_ctime;
+	inode_set_ctime_to_ts(vi, inode_get_ctime(base_vi));
 	vi->i_atime	= base_vi->i_atime;
 	vi->i_generation = ni->seq_no = base_ni->seq_no;
 	/* Set inode type to zero but preserve permissions. */
···
 	 */
 	if (!IS_NOCMTIME(VFS_I(base_ni)) && !IS_RDONLY(VFS_I(base_ni))) {
 		struct timespec64 now = current_time(VFS_I(base_ni));
+		struct timespec64 ctime = inode_get_ctime(VFS_I(base_ni));
 		int sync_it = 0;
 
 		if (!timespec64_equal(&VFS_I(base_ni)->i_mtime, &now) ||
-		    !timespec64_equal(&VFS_I(base_ni)->i_ctime, &now))
+		    !timespec64_equal(&ctime, &now))
 			sync_it = 1;
+		inode_set_ctime_to_ts(VFS_I(base_ni), now);
 		VFS_I(base_ni)->i_mtime = now;
-		VFS_I(base_ni)->i_ctime = now;
 
 		if (sync_it)
 			mark_inode_dirty_sync(VFS_I(base_ni));
···
 	if (ia_valid & ATTR_MTIME)
 		vi->i_mtime = attr->ia_mtime;
 	if (ia_valid & ATTR_CTIME)
-		vi->i_ctime = attr->ia_ctime;
+		inode_set_ctime_to_ts(vi, attr->ia_ctime);
 	mark_inode_dirty(vi);
 out:
 	return err;
···
 		si->last_data_change_time = nt;
 		modified = true;
 	}
-	nt = utc2ntfs(vi->i_ctime);
+	nt = utc2ntfs(inode_get_ctime(vi));
 	if (si->last_mft_change_time != nt) {
 		ntfs_debug("Updating ctime for inode 0x%lx: old = 0x%llx, "
 				"new = 0x%llx", vi->i_ino, (long long)

fs/ntfs/mft.c

···
 			vi->i_mode &= ~S_IWUGO;
 
 		/* Set the inode times to the current time. */
-		vi->i_atime = vi->i_mtime = vi->i_ctime =
-			current_time(vi);
+		vi->i_atime = vi->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(vi);
 		/*
 		 * Set the file size to 0, the ntfs inode sizes are set to 0 by
 		 * the call to ntfs_init_big_inode() below.

fs/ntfs3/file.c

···
 
 	stat->attributes_mask |= STATX_ATTR_COMPRESSED | STATX_ATTR_ENCRYPTED;
 
-	generic_fillattr(idmap, inode, stat);
+	generic_fillattr(idmap, request_mask, inode, stat);
 
 	stat->result_mask |= STATX_BTIME;
 	stat->btime = ni->i_crtime;
···
 		err = 0;
 	}
 
-	inode->i_ctime = inode->i_mtime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	mark_inode_dirty(inode);
 
 	if (IS_SYNC(inode)) {
···
 	ni_unlock(ni);
 
 	ni->std_fa |= FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ARCHIVE;
-	inode->i_ctime = inode->i_mtime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	if (!IS_DIRSYNC(inode)) {
 		dirty = 1;
 	} else {
···
 		filemap_invalidate_unlock(mapping);
 
 	if (!err) {
-		inode->i_ctime = inode->i_mtime = current_time(inode);
+		inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 		mark_inode_dirty(inode);
 	}
 

fs/ntfs3/frecord.c

···
 	if (is_rec_inuse(ni->mi.mrec) &&
 	    !(sbi->flags & NTFS_FLAGS_LOG_REPLAYING) && inode->i_nlink) {
 		bool modified = false;
+		struct timespec64 ctime = inode_get_ctime(inode);
 
 		/* Update times in standard attribute. */
 		std = ni_std(ni);
···
 			modified = true;
 		}
 
-		dup.c_time = kernel2nt(&inode->i_ctime);
+		dup.c_time = kernel2nt(&ctime);
 		if (std->c_time != dup.c_time) {
 			std->c_time = dup.c_time;
 			modified = true;

fs/ntfs3/inode.c

···
 	u64 t64;
 	struct MFT_REC *rec;
 	struct runs_tree *run;
+	struct timespec64 ctime;
 
 	inode->i_op = NULL;
 	/* Setup 'uid' and 'gid' */
···
 		nt2kernel(std5->cr_time, &ni->i_crtime);
 #endif
 		nt2kernel(std5->a_time, &inode->i_atime);
-		nt2kernel(std5->c_time, &inode->i_ctime);
+		ctime = inode_get_ctime(inode);
+		nt2kernel(std5->c_time, &ctime);
 		nt2kernel(std5->m_time, &inode->i_mtime);
 
 		ni->std_fa = std5->fa;
···
 
 	if (err >= 0) {
 		if (!(ni->std_fa & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ARCHIVE)) {
-			inode->i_ctime = inode->i_mtime = current_time(inode);
+			inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 			ni->std_fa |= FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ARCHIVE;
 			dirty = true;
 		}
···
 	d_instantiate(dentry, inode);
 
 	/* Set original time. inode times (i_ctime) may be changed in ntfs_init_acl. */
-	inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = dir->i_mtime =
-		dir->i_ctime = ni->i_crtime;
+	inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, ni->i_crtime);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_to_ts(dir, ni->i_crtime);
 
 	mark_inode_dirty(dir);
 	mark_inode_dirty(inode);
···
 
 	if (!err) {
 		drop_nlink(inode);
-		dir->i_mtime = dir->i_ctime = current_time(dir);
+		dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 		mark_inode_dirty(dir);
-		inode->i_ctime = dir->i_ctime;
+		inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, inode_get_ctime(dir));
 		if (inode->i_nlink)
 			mark_inode_dirty(inode);
 	} else if (!ni_remove_name_undo(dir_ni, ni, de, de2, undo_remove)) {

fs/ntfs3/namei.c

···
 	err = ntfs_link_inode(inode, de);
 
 	if (!err) {
-		dir->i_ctime = dir->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime =
-			current_time(dir);
+		dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode,
+						     inode_set_ctime_current(dir));
 		mark_inode_dirty(inode);
 		mark_inode_dirty(dir);
 		d_instantiate(de, inode);
···
 		/* Restore after failed rename failed too. */
 		_ntfs_bad_inode(inode);
 	} else if (!err) {
-		inode->i_ctime = dir->i_ctime = dir->i_mtime =
-			current_time(dir);
+		simple_rename_timestamp(dir, dentry, new_dir, new_dentry);
 		mark_inode_dirty(inode);
 		mark_inode_dirty(dir);
-		if (dir != new_dir) {
-			new_dir->i_mtime = new_dir->i_ctime = dir->i_ctime;
+		if (dir != new_dir)
 			mark_inode_dirty(new_dir);
-		}
 
 		if (IS_DIRSYNC(dir))
 			ntfs_sync_inode(dir);

fs/ntfs3/xattr.c

···
 	if (!err) {
 		set_cached_acl(inode, type, acl);
 		inode->i_mode = mode;
-		inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+		inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 		mark_inode_dirty(inode);
 	}
 
···
 			  NULL);
 
 out:
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	mark_inode_dirty(inode);
 
 	return err;

fs/ocfs2/acl.c

···
 	}
 
 	inode->i_mode = new_mode;
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	di->i_mode = cpu_to_le16(inode->i_mode);
-	di->i_ctime = cpu_to_le64(inode->i_ctime.tv_sec);
-	di->i_ctime_nsec = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec);
+	di->i_ctime = cpu_to_le64(inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_sec);
+	di->i_ctime_nsec = cpu_to_le32(inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_nsec);
 	ocfs2_update_inode_fsync_trans(handle, inode, 0);
 
 	ocfs2_journal_dirty(handle, di_bh);

fs/ocfs2/alloc.c

···
 	}
 
 	inode->i_blocks = ocfs2_inode_sector_count(inode);
-	inode->i_ctime = inode->i_mtime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 
-	di->i_ctime = di->i_mtime = cpu_to_le64(inode->i_ctime.tv_sec);
-	di->i_ctime_nsec = di->i_mtime_nsec = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec);
+	di->i_ctime = di->i_mtime = cpu_to_le64(inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_sec);
+	di->i_ctime_nsec = di->i_mtime_nsec = cpu_to_le32(inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_nsec);
 
 	ocfs2_update_inode_fsync_trans(handle, inode, 1);
 	ocfs2_journal_dirty(handle, di_bh);

fs/ocfs2/aops.c

···
 		}
 		inode->i_blocks = ocfs2_inode_sector_count(inode);
 		di->i_size = cpu_to_le64((u64)i_size_read(inode));
-		inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+		inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 		di->i_mtime = di->i_ctime = cpu_to_le64(inode->i_mtime.tv_sec);
 		di->i_mtime_nsec = di->i_ctime_nsec = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec);
 		if (handle)

fs/ocfs2/dir.c

···
 				offset, ocfs2_dir_trailer_blk_off(dir->i_sb));
 
 		if (ocfs2_dirent_would_fit(de, rec_len)) {
-			dir->i_mtime = dir->i_ctime = current_time(dir);
+			dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 			retval = ocfs2_mark_inode_dirty(handle, dir, parent_fe_bh);
 			if (retval < 0) {
 				mlog_errno(retval);
···
 	ocfs2_dinode_new_extent_list(dir, di);
 
 	i_size_write(dir, sb->s_blocksize);
-	dir->i_mtime = dir->i_ctime = current_time(dir);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 
 	di->i_size = cpu_to_le64(sb->s_blocksize);
-	di->i_ctime = di->i_mtime = cpu_to_le64(dir->i_ctime.tv_sec);
-	di->i_ctime_nsec = di->i_mtime_nsec = cpu_to_le32(dir->i_ctime.tv_nsec);
+	di->i_ctime = di->i_mtime = cpu_to_le64(inode_get_ctime(dir).tv_sec);
+	di->i_ctime_nsec = di->i_mtime_nsec = cpu_to_le32(inode_get_ctime(dir).tv_nsec);
 	ocfs2_update_inode_fsync_trans(handle, dir, 1);
 
 	/*

fs/ocfs2/dlmfs/dlmfs.c

···
 	if (inode) {
 		inode->i_ino = get_next_ino();
 		inode_init_owner(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, NULL, mode);
-		inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+		inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 		inc_nlink(inode);
 
 		inode->i_fop = &simple_dir_operations;
···
 
 	inode->i_ino = get_next_ino();
 	inode_init_owner(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, parent, mode);
-	inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 
 	ip = DLMFS_I(inode);
 	ip->ip_conn = DLMFS_I(parent)->ip_conn;

fs/ocfs2/dlmglue.c

···
 	struct ocfs2_inode_info *oi = OCFS2_I(inode);
 	struct ocfs2_lock_res *lockres = &oi->ip_inode_lockres;
 	struct ocfs2_meta_lvb *lvb;
+	struct timespec64 ctime = inode_get_ctime(inode);
 
 	lvb = ocfs2_dlm_lvb(&lockres->l_lksb);
 
···
 	lvb->lvb_iatime_packed  =
 		cpu_to_be64(ocfs2_pack_timespec(&inode->i_atime));
 	lvb->lvb_ictime_packed =
-		cpu_to_be64(ocfs2_pack_timespec(&inode->i_ctime));
+		cpu_to_be64(ocfs2_pack_timespec(&ctime));
 	lvb->lvb_imtime_packed =
 		cpu_to_be64(ocfs2_pack_timespec(&inode->i_mtime));
 	lvb->lvb_iattr    = cpu_to_be32(oi->ip_attr);
···
 	struct ocfs2_inode_info *oi = OCFS2_I(inode);
 	struct ocfs2_lock_res *lockres = &oi->ip_inode_lockres;
 	struct ocfs2_meta_lvb *lvb;
+	struct timespec64 ctime;
 
 	mlog_meta_lvb(0, lockres);
 
···
 			      be64_to_cpu(lvb->lvb_iatime_packed));
 	ocfs2_unpack_timespec(&inode->i_mtime,
 			      be64_to_cpu(lvb->lvb_imtime_packed));
-	ocfs2_unpack_timespec(&inode->i_ctime,
+	ocfs2_unpack_timespec(&ctime,
 			      be64_to_cpu(lvb->lvb_ictime_packed));
+	inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, ctime);
 	spin_unlock(&oi->ip_lock);
 	return 0;
 }

fs/ocfs2/file.c

···
 		return 0;
 
 	if (vfsmnt->mnt_flags & MNT_RELATIME) {
+		struct timespec64 ctime = inode_get_ctime(inode);
+
 		if ((timespec64_compare(&inode->i_atime, &inode->i_mtime) <= 0) ||
-		    (timespec64_compare(&inode->i_atime, &inode->i_ctime) <= 0))
+		    (timespec64_compare(&inode->i_atime, &ctime) <= 0))
 			return 1;
 
 		return 0;
···
 
 	i_size_write(inode, new_i_size);
 	inode->i_blocks = ocfs2_inode_sector_count(inode);
-	inode->i_ctime = inode->i_mtime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 
 	status = ocfs2_mark_inode_dirty(handle, inode, fe_bh);
 	if (status < 0) {
···
 	}
 
 	i_size_write(inode, new_i_size);
-	inode->i_ctime = inode->i_mtime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 
 	di = (struct ocfs2_dinode *) fe_bh->b_data;
 	di->i_size = cpu_to_le64(new_i_size);
-	di->i_ctime = di->i_mtime = cpu_to_le64(inode->i_ctime.tv_sec);
-	di->i_ctime_nsec = di->i_mtime_nsec = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec);
+	di->i_ctime = di->i_mtime = cpu_to_le64(inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_sec);
+	di->i_ctime_nsec = di->i_mtime_nsec = cpu_to_le32(inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_nsec);
 	ocfs2_update_inode_fsync_trans(handle, inode, 0);
 
 	ocfs2_journal_dirty(handle, fe_bh);
···
 	i_size_write(inode, abs_to);
 	inode->i_blocks = ocfs2_inode_sector_count(inode);
 	di->i_size = cpu_to_le64((u64)i_size_read(inode));
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	di->i_mtime = di->i_ctime = cpu_to_le64(inode->i_mtime.tv_sec);
 	di->i_ctime_nsec = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec);
 	di->i_mtime_nsec = di->i_ctime_nsec;
···
 		goto bail;
 	}
 
-	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, stat);
+	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, request_mask, inode, stat);
 	/*
 	 * If there is inline data in the inode, the inode will normally not
 	 * have data blocks allocated (it may have an external xattr block).
···
 		goto out_inode_unlock;
 	}
 
-	inode->i_ctime = inode->i_mtime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	ret = ocfs2_mark_inode_dirty(handle, inode, di_bh);
 	if (ret < 0)
 		mlog_errno(ret);

fs/ocfs2/inode.c

···
 	inode->i_atime.tv_nsec = le32_to_cpu(fe->i_atime_nsec);
 	inode->i_mtime.tv_sec = le64_to_cpu(fe->i_mtime);
 	inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec = le32_to_cpu(fe->i_mtime_nsec);
-	inode->i_ctime.tv_sec = le64_to_cpu(fe->i_ctime);
-	inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec = le32_to_cpu(fe->i_ctime_nsec);
+	inode_set_ctime(inode, le64_to_cpu(fe->i_ctime),
+		        le32_to_cpu(fe->i_ctime_nsec));
 
 	if (OCFS2_I(inode)->ip_blkno != le64_to_cpu(fe->i_blkno))
 		mlog(ML_ERROR,
···
 	fe->i_mode = cpu_to_le16(inode->i_mode);
 	fe->i_atime = cpu_to_le64(inode->i_atime.tv_sec);
 	fe->i_atime_nsec = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_atime.tv_nsec);
-	fe->i_ctime = cpu_to_le64(inode->i_ctime.tv_sec);
-	fe->i_ctime_nsec = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec);
+	fe->i_ctime = cpu_to_le64(inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_sec);
+	fe->i_ctime_nsec = cpu_to_le32(inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_nsec);
 	fe->i_mtime = cpu_to_le64(inode->i_mtime.tv_sec);
 	fe->i_mtime_nsec = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec);
 
···
 	inode->i_atime.tv_nsec = le32_to_cpu(fe->i_atime_nsec);
 	inode->i_mtime.tv_sec = le64_to_cpu(fe->i_mtime);
 	inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec = le32_to_cpu(fe->i_mtime_nsec);
-	inode->i_ctime.tv_sec = le64_to_cpu(fe->i_ctime);
-	inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec = le32_to_cpu(fe->i_ctime_nsec);
+	inode_set_ctime(inode, le64_to_cpu(fe->i_ctime),
+			le32_to_cpu(fe->i_ctime_nsec));
 
 	spin_unlock(&OCFS2_I(inode)->ip_lock);
 }

fs/ocfs2/move_extents.c

···
 	}
 
 	di = (struct ocfs2_dinode *)di_bh->b_data;
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
-	di->i_ctime = cpu_to_le64(inode->i_ctime.tv_sec);
-	di->i_ctime_nsec = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
+	di->i_ctime = cpu_to_le64(inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_sec);
+	di->i_ctime_nsec = cpu_to_le32(inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_nsec);
 	ocfs2_update_inode_fsync_trans(handle, inode, 0);
 
 	ocfs2_journal_dirty(handle, di_bh);

fs/ocfs2/namei.c

···
 	}
 
 	inc_nlink(inode);
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	ocfs2_set_links_count(fe, inode->i_nlink);
-	fe->i_ctime = cpu_to_le64(inode->i_ctime.tv_sec);
-	fe->i_ctime_nsec = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec);
+	fe->i_ctime = cpu_to_le64(inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_sec);
+	fe->i_ctime_nsec = cpu_to_le32(inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_nsec);
 	ocfs2_journal_dirty(handle, fe_bh);
 
 	err = ocfs2_add_entry(handle, dentry, inode,
···
 	ocfs2_set_links_count(fe, inode->i_nlink);
 	ocfs2_journal_dirty(handle, fe_bh);
 
-	dir->i_ctime = dir->i_mtime = current_time(dir);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 	if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode))
 		drop_nlink(dir);
 
···
 					 new_dir_bh, &target_insert);
 	}
 
-	old_inode->i_ctime = current_time(old_inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(old_inode);
 	mark_inode_dirty(old_inode);
 
 	status = ocfs2_journal_access_di(handle, INODE_CACHE(old_inode),
···
 	if (status >= 0) {
 		old_di = (struct ocfs2_dinode *) old_inode_bh->b_data;
 
-		old_di->i_ctime = cpu_to_le64(old_inode->i_ctime.tv_sec);
-		old_di->i_ctime_nsec = cpu_to_le32(old_inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec);
+		old_di->i_ctime = cpu_to_le64(inode_get_ctime(old_inode).tv_sec);
+		old_di->i_ctime_nsec = cpu_to_le32(inode_get_ctime(old_inode).tv_nsec);
 		ocfs2_journal_dirty(handle, old_inode_bh);
 	} else
 		mlog_errno(status);
···
 
 	if (new_inode) {
 		drop_nlink(new_inode);
-		new_inode->i_ctime = current_time(new_inode);
+		inode_set_ctime_current(new_inode);
 	}
-	old_dir->i_ctime = old_dir->i_mtime = current_time(old_dir);
+	old_dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(old_dir);
 
 	if (update_dot_dot) {
 		status = ocfs2_update_entry(old_inode, handle,
···
 
 	if (old_dir != new_dir) {
 		/* Keep the same times on both directories.*/
-		new_dir->i_ctime = new_dir->i_mtime = old_dir->i_ctime;
+		new_dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_to_ts(new_dir,
+							 inode_get_ctime(old_dir));
 
 		/*
 		 * This will also pick up the i_nlink change from the

fs/ocfs2/refcounttree.c

···
 		goto out_commit;
 	}
 
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
-	di->i_ctime = cpu_to_le64(inode->i_ctime.tv_sec);
-	di->i_ctime_nsec = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
+	di->i_ctime = cpu_to_le64(inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_sec);
+	di->i_ctime_nsec = cpu_to_le32(inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_nsec);
 
 	ocfs2_journal_dirty(handle, di_bh);
 
···
 		 * we want mtime to appear identical to the source and
 		 * update ctime.
 		 */
-		t_inode->i_ctime = current_time(t_inode);
+		inode_set_ctime_current(t_inode);
 
-		di->i_ctime = cpu_to_le64(t_inode->i_ctime.tv_sec);
-		di->i_ctime_nsec = cpu_to_le32(t_inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec);
+		di->i_ctime = cpu_to_le64(inode_get_ctime(t_inode).tv_sec);
+		di->i_ctime_nsec = cpu_to_le32(inode_get_ctime(t_inode).tv_nsec);
 
 		t_inode->i_mtime = s_inode->i_mtime;
 		di->i_mtime = s_di->i_mtime;
···
 	if (newlen > i_size_read(dest))
 		i_size_write(dest, newlen);
 	spin_unlock(&OCFS2_I(dest)->ip_lock);
-	dest->i_ctime = dest->i_mtime = current_time(dest);
+	dest->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dest);
 
 	ret = ocfs2_mark_inode_dirty(handle, dest, d_bh);
 	if (ret) {

fs/ocfs2/xattr.c

···
 			goto out;
 		}
 
-		inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
-		di->i_ctime = cpu_to_le64(inode->i_ctime.tv_sec);
-		di->i_ctime_nsec = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec);
+		inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
+		di->i_ctime = cpu_to_le64(inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_sec);
+		di->i_ctime_nsec = cpu_to_le32(inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_nsec);
 		ocfs2_journal_dirty(ctxt->handle, xis->inode_bh);
 	}
 out:

fs/omfs/dir.c

···
 	mark_buffer_dirty(bh);
 	brelse(bh);
 
-	dir->i_ctime = current_time(dir);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 
 	/* mark affected inodes dirty to rebuild checksums */
 	mark_inode_dirty(dir);
···
 	if (err)
 		goto out;
 
-	old_inode->i_ctime = current_time(old_inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(old_inode);
 	mark_inode_dirty(old_inode);
 out:
 	return err;

fs/omfs/inode.c

···
 	inode_init_owner(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, NULL, mode);
 	inode->i_mapping->a_ops = &omfs_aops;
 
-	inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	switch (mode & S_IFMT) {
 	case S_IFDIR:
 		inode->i_op = &omfs_dir_inops;
···
 	oi->i_head.h_magic = OMFS_IMAGIC;
 	oi->i_size = cpu_to_be64(inode->i_size);
 
-	ctime = inode->i_ctime.tv_sec * 1000LL +
-		((inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec + 999)/1000);
+	ctime = inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_sec * 1000LL +
+		((inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_nsec + 999)/1000);
 	oi->i_ctime = cpu_to_be64(ctime);
 
 	omfs_update_checksums(oi);
···
 
 	inode->i_atime.tv_sec = ctime;
 	inode->i_mtime.tv_sec = ctime;
-	inode->i_ctime.tv_sec = ctime;
+	inode_set_ctime(inode, ctime, nsecs);
 	inode->i_atime.tv_nsec = nsecs;
 	inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec = nsecs;
-	inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec = nsecs;
 
 	inode->i_mapping->a_ops = &omfs_aops;
 

fs/openpromfs/inode.c

···
 	if (IS_ERR(inode))
 		return ERR_CAST(inode);
 	if (inode->i_state & I_NEW) {
-		inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+		inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 		ent_oi = OP_I(inode);
 		ent_oi->type = ent_type;
 		ent_oi->u = ent_data;
···
 		goto out_no_root;
 	}
 
-	root_inode->i_mtime = root_inode->i_atime =
-		root_inode->i_ctime = current_time(root_inode);
+	root_inode->i_mtime = root_inode->i_atime = inode_set_ctime_current(root_inode);
 	root_inode->i_op = &openprom_inode_operations;
 	root_inode->i_fop = &openprom_operations;
 	root_inode->i_mode = S_IFDIR | S_IRUGO | S_IXUGO;

fs/orangefs/inode.c

···
 	ret = orangefs_inode_getattr(inode,
 	    request_mask & STATX_SIZE ? ORANGEFS_GETATTR_SIZE : 0);
 	if (ret == 0) {
-		generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, stat);
+		generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, request_mask, inode, stat);
 
 		/* override block size reported to stat */
 		if (!(request_mask & STATX_SIZE))
···
 	return generic_permission(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, mask);
 }
 
-int orangefs_update_time(struct inode *inode, struct timespec64 *time, int flags)
+int orangefs_update_time(struct inode *inode, int flags)
 {
 	struct iattr iattr;
+
 	gossip_debug(GOSSIP_INODE_DEBUG, "orangefs_update_time: %pU\n",
 	    get_khandle_from_ino(inode));
-	generic_update_time(inode, time, flags);
+	flags = generic_update_time(inode, flags);
 	memset(&iattr, 0, sizeof iattr);
         if (flags & S_ATIME)
 		iattr.ia_valid |= ATTR_ATIME;

fs/orangefs/namei.c

···
 		     ret);
 
 	if (new_dentry->d_inode)
-		new_dentry->d_inode->i_ctime = current_time(new_dentry->d_inode);
+		inode_set_ctime_current(d_inode(new_dentry));
 
 	op_release(new_op);
 	return ret;

fs/orangefs/orangefs-kernel.h

···
 int orangefs_permission(struct mnt_idmap *idmap,
 			struct inode *inode, int mask);
 
-int orangefs_update_time(struct inode *, struct timespec64 *, int);
+int orangefs_update_time(struct inode *, int);
 
 /*
  * defined in xattr.c

fs/orangefs/orangefs-utils.c

···
 	    downcall.resp.getattr.attributes.atime;
 	inode->i_mtime.tv_sec = (time64_t)new_op->
 	    downcall.resp.getattr.attributes.mtime;
-	inode->i_ctime.tv_sec = (time64_t)new_op->
-	    downcall.resp.getattr.attributes.ctime;
+	inode_set_ctime(inode,
+			(time64_t)new_op->downcall.resp.getattr.attributes.ctime,
+			0);
 	inode->i_atime.tv_nsec = 0;
 	inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec = 0;
-	inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec = 0;
 
 	/* special case: mark the root inode as sticky */
 	inode->i_mode = type | (is_root_handle(inode) ? S_ISVTX : 0) |

fs/overlayfs/file.c

···
 static void ovl_file_accessed(struct file *file)
 {
 	struct inode *inode, *upperinode;
+	struct timespec64 ctime, uctime;
 
 	if (file->f_flags & O_NOATIME)
 		return;
···
 	if (!upperinode)
 		return;
 
+	ctime = inode_get_ctime(inode);
+	uctime = inode_get_ctime(upperinode);
 	if ((!timespec64_equal(&inode->i_mtime, &upperinode->i_mtime) ||
-	     !timespec64_equal(&inode->i_ctime, &upperinode->i_ctime))) {
+	     !timespec64_equal(&ctime, &uctime))) {
 		inode->i_mtime = upperinode->i_mtime;
-		inode->i_ctime = upperinode->i_ctime;
+		inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, uctime);
 	}
 
 	touch_atime(&file->f_path);

fs/overlayfs/inode.c

···
 }
 #endif
 
-int ovl_update_time(struct inode *inode, struct timespec64 *ts, int flags)
+int ovl_update_time(struct inode *inode, int flags)
 {
 	if (flags & S_ATIME) {
 		struct ovl_fs *ofs = inode->i_sb->s_fs_info;

fs/overlayfs/overlayfs.h

···
 }
 #endif
 
-int ovl_update_time(struct inode *inode, struct timespec64 *ts, int flags);
+int ovl_update_time(struct inode *inode, int flags);
 bool ovl_is_private_xattr(struct super_block *sb, const char *name);
 
 struct ovl_inode_params {

fs/overlayfs/util.c

···
 	inode->i_mode = realinode->i_mode;
 	inode->i_atime = realinode->i_atime;
 	inode->i_mtime = realinode->i_mtime;
-	inode->i_ctime = realinode->i_ctime;
+	inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, inode_get_ctime(realinode));
 	i_size_write(inode, i_size_read(realinode));
 }

fs/pipe.c

···
 	inode->i_mode = S_IFIFO | S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR;
 	inode->i_uid = current_fsuid();
 	inode->i_gid = current_fsgid();
-	inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 
 	return inode;
 

fs/posix_acl.c

···
 			return error;
 	}
 
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	if (IS_I_VERSION(inode))
 		inode_inc_iversion(inode);
 	set_cached_acl(inode, type, acl);

fs/proc/base.c

···
 	ei = PROC_I(inode);
 	inode->i_mode = mode;
 	inode->i_ino = get_next_ino();
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	inode->i_op = &proc_def_inode_operations;
 
 	/*
···
 	struct proc_fs_info *fs_info = proc_sb_info(inode->i_sb);
 	struct task_struct *task;
 
-	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, stat);
+	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, request_mask, inode, stat);
 
 	stat->uid = GLOBAL_ROOT_UID;
 	stat->gid = GLOBAL_ROOT_GID;
···
 {
 	struct inode *inode = d_inode(path->dentry);
 	struct task_struct *p = get_proc_task(inode);
-	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, stat);
+	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, request_mask, inode, stat);
 
 	if (p) {
 		stat->nlink += get_nr_threads(p);

fs/proc/fd.c

···
 	struct inode *inode = d_inode(path->dentry);
 	int rv = 0;
 
-	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, stat);
+	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, request_mask, inode, stat);
 
 	/* If it's a directory, put the number of open fds there */
 	if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode)) {

fs/proc/generic.c

···
 		}
 	}
 
-	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, stat);
+	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, request_mask, inode, stat);
 	return 0;
 }
 

fs/proc/inode.c

···
 
 	inode->i_private = de->data;
 	inode->i_ino = de->low_ino;
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	PROC_I(inode)->pde = de;
 	if (is_empty_pde(de)) {
 		make_empty_dir_inode(inode);

fs/proc/proc_net.c

···
 
 	net = get_proc_task_net(inode);
 
-	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, stat);
+	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, request_mask, inode, stat);
 
 	if (net != NULL) {
 		stat->nlink = net->proc_net->nlink;

fs/proc/proc_sysctl.c

···
 	head->count++;
 	spin_unlock(&sysctl_lock);
 
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	inode->i_mode = table->mode;
 	if (!S_ISDIR(table->mode)) {
 		inode->i_mode |= S_IFREG;
···
 	if (IS_ERR(head))
 		return PTR_ERR(head);
 
-	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, stat);
+	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, request_mask, inode, stat);
 	if (table)
 		stat->mode = (stat->mode & S_IFMT) | table->mode;
 

fs/proc/root.c

···
 			     const struct path *path, struct kstat *stat,
 			     u32 request_mask, unsigned int query_flags)
 {
-	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, d_inode(path->dentry), stat);
+	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, request_mask, d_inode(path->dentry),
+			 stat);
 	stat->nlink = proc_root.nlink + nr_processes();
 	return 0;
 }

fs/proc/self.c

···
 		struct inode *inode = new_inode(s);
 		if (inode) {
 			inode->i_ino = self_inum;
-			inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+			inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 			inode->i_mode = S_IFLNK | S_IRWXUGO;
 			inode->i_uid = GLOBAL_ROOT_UID;
 			inode->i_gid = GLOBAL_ROOT_GID;

fs/proc/thread_self.c

···
 		struct inode *inode = new_inode(s);
 		if (inode) {
 			inode->i_ino = thread_self_inum;
-			inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+			inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 			inode->i_mode = S_IFLNK | S_IRWXUGO;
 			inode->i_uid = GLOBAL_ROOT_UID;
 			inode->i_gid = GLOBAL_ROOT_GID;

fs/pstore/inode.c

···
 	struct inode *inode = new_inode(sb);
 	if (inode) {
 		inode->i_ino = get_next_ino();
-		inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+		inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	}
 	return inode;
 }
···
 	inode->i_private = private;
 
 	if (record->time.tv_sec)
-		inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = record->time;
+		inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, record->time);
 
 	d_add(dentry, inode);
 

fs/qnx4/inode.c

···
 	inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec = 0;
 	inode->i_atime.tv_sec   = le32_to_cpu(raw_inode->di_atime);
 	inode->i_atime.tv_nsec = 0;
-	inode->i_ctime.tv_sec   = le32_to_cpu(raw_inode->di_ctime);
-	inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec = 0;
+	inode_set_ctime(inode, le32_to_cpu(raw_inode->di_ctime), 0);
 	inode->i_blocks  = le32_to_cpu(raw_inode->di_first_xtnt.xtnt_size);
 
 	memcpy(qnx4_inode, raw_inode, QNX4_DIR_ENTRY_SIZE);

fs/qnx6/inode.c

···
 	inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec = 0;
 	inode->i_atime.tv_sec   = fs32_to_cpu(sbi, raw_inode->di_atime);
 	inode->i_atime.tv_nsec = 0;
-	inode->i_ctime.tv_sec   = fs32_to_cpu(sbi, raw_inode->di_ctime);
-	inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec = 0;
+	inode_set_ctime(inode, fs32_to_cpu(sbi, raw_inode->di_ctime), 0);
 
 	/* calc blocks based on 512 byte blocksize */
 	inode->i_blocks = (inode->i_size + 511) >> 9;

fs/ramfs/inode.c

···
 		inode->i_mapping->a_ops = &ram_aops;
 		mapping_set_gfp_mask(inode->i_mapping, GFP_HIGHUSER);
 		mapping_set_unevictable(inode->i_mapping);
-		inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+		inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 		switch (mode & S_IFMT) {
 		default:
 			init_special_inode(inode, mode, dev);
···
 		d_instantiate(dentry, inode);
 		dget(dentry);	/* Extra count - pin the dentry in core */
 		error = 0;
-		dir->i_mtime = dir->i_ctime = current_time(dir);
+		dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 	}
 	return error;
 }
···
 		if (!error) {
 			d_instantiate(dentry, inode);
 			dget(dentry);
-			dir->i_mtime = dir->i_ctime = current_time(dir);
+			dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 		} else
 			iput(inode);
 	}

fs/reiserfs/inode.c

···
 		inode->i_size = sd_v1_size(sd);
 		inode->i_atime.tv_sec = sd_v1_atime(sd);
 		inode->i_mtime.tv_sec = sd_v1_mtime(sd);
-		inode->i_ctime.tv_sec = sd_v1_ctime(sd);
+		inode_set_ctime(inode, sd_v1_ctime(sd), 0);
 		inode->i_atime.tv_nsec = 0;
-		inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec = 0;
 		inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec = 0;
 
 		inode->i_blocks = sd_v1_blocks(sd);
···
 		i_gid_write(inode, sd_v2_gid(sd));
 		inode->i_mtime.tv_sec = sd_v2_mtime(sd);
 		inode->i_atime.tv_sec = sd_v2_atime(sd);
-		inode->i_ctime.tv_sec = sd_v2_ctime(sd);
-		inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec = 0;
+		inode_set_ctime(inode, sd_v2_ctime(sd), 0);
 		inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec = 0;
 		inode->i_atime.tv_nsec = 0;
 		inode->i_blocks = sd_v2_blocks(sd);
···
 	set_sd_v2_gid(sd_v2, i_gid_read(inode));
 	set_sd_v2_mtime(sd_v2, inode->i_mtime.tv_sec);
 	set_sd_v2_atime(sd_v2, inode->i_atime.tv_sec);
-	set_sd_v2_ctime(sd_v2, inode->i_ctime.tv_sec);
+	set_sd_v2_ctime(sd_v2, inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_sec);
 	set_sd_v2_blocks(sd_v2, to_fake_used_blocks(inode, SD_V2_SIZE));
 	if (S_ISCHR(inode->i_mode) || S_ISBLK(inode->i_mode))
 		set_sd_v2_rdev(sd_v2, new_encode_dev(inode->i_rdev));
···
 	set_sd_v1_nlink(sd_v1, inode->i_nlink);
 	set_sd_v1_size(sd_v1, size);
 	set_sd_v1_atime(sd_v1, inode->i_atime.tv_sec);
-	set_sd_v1_ctime(sd_v1, inode->i_ctime.tv_sec);
+	set_sd_v1_ctime(sd_v1, inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_sec);
 	set_sd_v1_mtime(sd_v1, inode->i_mtime.tv_sec);
 
 	if (S_ISCHR(inode->i_mode) || S_ISBLK(inode->i_mode))
···
 
 	/* uid and gid must already be set by the caller for quota init */
 
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	inode->i_size = i_size;
 	inode->i_blocks = 0;
 	inode->i_bytes = 0;

fs/reiserfs/ioctl.c

···
 	}
 	sd_attrs_to_i_attrs(flags, inode);
 	REISERFS_I(inode)->i_attrs = flags;
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	mark_inode_dirty(inode);
 	err = 0;
 unlock:
···
 			err = -EFAULT;
 			goto setversion_out;
 		}
-		inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+		inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 		mark_inode_dirty(inode);
 setversion_out:
 		mnt_drop_write_file(filp);

fs/reiserfs/namei.c

···
 	}
 
 	dir->i_size += paste_size;
-	dir->i_mtime = dir->i_ctime = current_time(dir);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 	if (!S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode) && visible)
 		/* reiserfs_mkdir or reiserfs_rename will do that by itself */
 		reiserfs_update_sd(th, dir);
···
 			       inode->i_nlink);
 
 	clear_nlink(inode);
-	inode->i_ctime = dir->i_ctime = dir->i_mtime = current_time(dir);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_to_ts(dir,
+					     inode_set_ctime_current(inode));
 	reiserfs_update_sd(&th, inode);
 
 	DEC_DIR_INODE_NLINK(dir)
···
 		inc_nlink(inode);
 		goto end_unlink;
 	}
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	reiserfs_update_sd(&th, inode);
 
 	dir->i_size -= (de.de_entrylen + DEH_SIZE);
-	dir->i_ctime = dir->i_mtime = current_time(dir);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 	reiserfs_update_sd(&th, dir);
 
 	if (!savelink)
···
 		return err ? err : retval;
 	}
 
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	reiserfs_update_sd(&th, inode);
 
 	ihold(inode);
···
 	int jbegin_count;
 	umode_t old_inode_mode;
 	unsigned long savelink = 1;
-	struct timespec64 ctime;
 
 	if (flags & ~RENAME_NOREPLACE)
 		return -EINVAL;
···
 
 	mark_de_hidden(old_de.de_deh + old_de.de_entry_num);
 	journal_mark_dirty(&th, old_de.de_bh);
-	ctime = current_time(old_dir);
-	old_dir->i_ctime = old_dir->i_mtime = ctime;
-	new_dir->i_ctime = new_dir->i_mtime = ctime;
 	/*
 	 * thanks to Alex Adriaanse <[e-mail]> for patch
 	 * which adds ctime update of renamed object
 	 */
-	old_inode->i_ctime = ctime;
+	simple_rename_timestamp(old_dir, old_dentry, new_dir, new_dentry);
 
 	if (new_dentry_inode) {
 		/* adjust link number of the victim */
···
 		} else {
 			drop_nlink(new_dentry_inode);
 		}
-		new_dentry_inode->i_ctime = ctime;
 		savelink = new_dentry_inode->i_nlink;
 	}
 

fs/reiserfs/stree.c

···
 
 			if (update_timestamps) {
 				inode->i_mtime = current_time(inode);
-				inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+				inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 			}
 			reiserfs_update_sd(th, inode);
 
···
 	if (update_timestamps) {
 		/* this is truncate, not file closing */
 		inode->i_mtime = current_time(inode);
-		inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+		inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	}
 	reiserfs_update_sd(th, inode);
 

fs/reiserfs/super.c

···
 		return err;
 	if (inode->i_size < off + len - towrite)
 		i_size_write(inode, off + len - towrite);
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	mark_inode_dirty(inode);
 	return len - towrite;
 }

fs/reiserfs/xattr.c

···
 static void update_ctime(struct inode *inode)
 {
 	struct timespec64 now = current_time(inode);
+	struct timespec64 ctime = inode_get_ctime(inode);
 
 	if (inode_unhashed(inode) || !inode->i_nlink ||
-	    timespec64_equal(&inode->i_ctime, &now))
+	    timespec64_equal(&ctime, &now))
 		return;
 
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, now);
 	mark_inode_dirty(inode);
 }
 

fs/reiserfs/xattr_acl.c

···
 	if (error == -ENODATA) {
 		error = 0;
 		if (type == ACL_TYPE_ACCESS) {
-			inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+			inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 			mark_inode_dirty(inode);
 		}
 	}

fs/romfs/super.c

···
 
 	set_nlink(i, 1);		/* Hard to decide.. */
 	i->i_size = be32_to_cpu(ri.size);
-	i->i_mtime.tv_sec = i->i_atime.tv_sec = i->i_ctime.tv_sec = 0;
-	i->i_mtime.tv_nsec = i->i_atime.tv_nsec = i->i_ctime.tv_nsec = 0;
+	i->i_mtime = i->i_atime = inode_set_ctime(i, 0, 0);
 
 	/* set up mode and ops */
 	mode = romfs_modemap[nextfh & ROMFH_TYPE];

fs/smb/client/file.c

···
 		    !test_bit(CIFS_INO_CLOSE_ON_LOCK, &cinode->flags) &&
 		    dclose) {
 			if (test_and_clear_bit(CIFS_INO_MODIFIED_ATTR, &cinode->flags)) {
-				inode->i_ctime = inode->i_mtime = current_time(inode);
+				inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 			}
 			spin_lock(&cinode->deferred_lock);
 			cifs_add_deferred_close(cfile, dclose);
···
 					   write_data, to - from, &offset);
 		cifsFileInfo_put(open_file);
 		/* Does mm or vfs already set times? */
-		inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = current_time(inode);
+		inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 		if ((bytes_written > 0) && (offset))
 			rc = 0;
 		else if (bytes_written < 0)

fs/smb/client/fscache.h

···
 				 struct cifs_fscache_inode_coherency_data *cd)
 {
 	struct cifsInodeInfo *cifsi = CIFS_I(inode);
+	struct timespec64 ctime = inode_get_ctime(inode);
 
 	memset(cd, 0, sizeof(*cd));
 	cd->last_write_time_sec   = cpu_to_le64(cifsi->netfs.inode.i_mtime.tv_sec);
 	cd->last_write_time_nsec  = cpu_to_le32(cifsi->netfs.inode.i_mtime.tv_nsec);
-	cd->last_change_time_sec  = cpu_to_le64(cifsi->netfs.inode.i_ctime.tv_sec);
-	cd->last_change_time_nsec = cpu_to_le32(cifsi->netfs.inode.i_ctime.tv_nsec);
+	cd->last_change_time_sec  = cpu_to_le64(ctime.tv_sec);
+	cd->last_change_time_nsec = cpu_to_le32(ctime.tv_nsec);
 }
 
 

fs/smb/client/inode.c

···
 	else
 		inode->i_atime = fattr->cf_atime;
 	inode->i_mtime = fattr->cf_mtime;
-	inode->i_ctime = fattr->cf_ctime;
+	inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, fattr->cf_ctime);
 	inode->i_rdev = fattr->cf_rdev;
 	cifs_nlink_fattr_to_inode(inode, fattr);
 	inode->i_uid = fattr->cf_uid;
···
 		cifs_inode = CIFS_I(inode);
 		cifs_inode->time = 0;	/* will force revalidate to get info
 					   when needed */
-		inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+		inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	}
-	dir->i_ctime = dir->i_mtime = current_time(dir);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 	cifs_inode = CIFS_I(dir);
 	CIFS_I(dir)->time = 0;	/* force revalidate of dir as well */
 unlink_out:
···
 	 */
 	cifsInode->time = 0;
 
-	d_inode(direntry)->i_ctime = inode->i_ctime = inode->i_mtime =
-		current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(d_inode(direntry));
+	inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 
 rmdir_exit:
 	free_dentry_path(page);
···
 	/* force revalidate to go get info when needed */
 	CIFS_I(source_dir)->time = CIFS_I(target_dir)->time = 0;
 
-	source_dir->i_ctime = source_dir->i_mtime = target_dir->i_ctime =
-		target_dir->i_mtime = current_time(source_dir);
+	source_dir->i_mtime = target_dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_to_ts(source_dir,
+									  inode_set_ctime_current(target_dir));
 
 cifs_rename_exit:
 	kfree(info_buf_source);
···
 			return rc;
 	}
 
-	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, stat);
+	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, request_mask, inode, stat);
 	stat->blksize = cifs_sb->ctx->bsize;
 	stat->ino = CIFS_I(inode)->uniqueid;
 

fs/smb/client/smb2ops.c

···
 	if (file_inf.LastWriteTime)
 		inode->i_mtime = cifs_NTtimeToUnix(file_inf.LastWriteTime);
 	if (file_inf.ChangeTime)
-		inode->i_ctime = cifs_NTtimeToUnix(file_inf.ChangeTime);
+		inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode,
+				      cifs_NTtimeToUnix(file_inf.ChangeTime));
 	if (file_inf.LastAccessTime)
 		inode->i_atime = cifs_NTtimeToUnix(file_inf.LastAccessTime);
 

fs/smb/server/smb2pdu.c

···
 	}
 
 	basic_info = (struct smb2_file_basic_info *)rsp->Buffer;
-	generic_fillattr(file_mnt_idmap(fp->filp), file_inode(fp->filp),
-			 &stat);
+	generic_fillattr(file_mnt_idmap(fp->filp), STATX_BASIC_STATS,
+			 file_inode(fp->filp), &stat);
 	basic_info->CreationTime = cpu_to_le64(fp->create_time);
 	time = ksmbd_UnixTimeToNT(stat.atime);
 	basic_info->LastAccessTime = cpu_to_le64(time);
···
 	struct kstat stat;
 
 	inode = file_inode(fp->filp);
-	generic_fillattr(file_mnt_idmap(fp->filp), inode, &stat);
+	generic_fillattr(file_mnt_idmap(fp->filp), STATX_BASIC_STATS, inode, &stat);
 
 	sinfo = (struct smb2_file_standard_info *)rsp->Buffer;
 	delete_pending = ksmbd_inode_pending_delete(fp);
···
 		return PTR_ERR(filename);
 
 	inode = file_inode(fp->filp);
-	generic_fillattr(file_mnt_idmap(fp->filp), inode, &stat);
+	generic_fillattr(file_mnt_idmap(fp->filp), STATX_BASIC_STATS, inode, &stat);
 
 	ksmbd_debug(SMB, "filename = %s\n", filename);
 	delete_pending = ksmbd_inode_pending_delete(fp);
···
 	int buf_free_len;
 	struct smb2_query_info_req *req = ksmbd_req_buf_next(work);
 
-	generic_fillattr(file_mnt_idmap(fp->filp), file_inode(fp->filp),
-			 &stat);
+	generic_fillattr(file_mnt_idmap(fp->filp), STATX_BASIC_STATS,
+			 file_inode(fp->filp), &stat);
 	file_info = (struct smb2_file_stream_info *)rsp->Buffer;
 
 	buf_free_len =
···
 	struct smb2_file_internal_info *file_info;
 	struct kstat stat;
 
-	generic_fillattr(file_mnt_idmap(fp->filp), file_inode(fp->filp),
-			 &stat);
+	generic_fillattr(file_mnt_idmap(fp->filp), STATX_BASIC_STATS,
+			 file_inode(fp->filp), &stat);
 	file_info = (struct smb2_file_internal_info *)rsp->Buffer;
 	file_info->IndexNumber = cpu_to_le64(stat.ino);
 	rsp->OutputBufferLength =
···
 	file_info = (struct smb2_file_ntwrk_info *)rsp->Buffer;
 
 	inode = file_inode(fp->filp);
-	generic_fillattr(file_mnt_idmap(fp->filp), inode, &stat);
+	generic_fillattr(file_mnt_idmap(fp->filp), STATX_BASIC_STATS, inode, &stat);
 
 	file_info->CreationTime = cpu_to_le64(fp->create_time);
 	time = ksmbd_UnixTimeToNT(stat.atime);
···
 	struct smb2_file_comp_info *file_info;
 	struct kstat stat;
 
-	generic_fillattr(file_mnt_idmap(fp->filp), file_inode(fp->filp),
-			 &stat);
+	generic_fillattr(file_mnt_idmap(fp->filp), STATX_BASIC_STATS,
+			 file_inode(fp->filp), &stat);
 
 	file_info = (struct smb2_file_comp_info *)rsp->Buffer;
 	file_info->CompressedFileSize = cpu_to_le64(stat.blocks << 9);
···
 	file_info->LastAccessTime = cpu_to_le64(time);
 	time = ksmbd_UnixTimeToNT(inode->i_mtime);
 	file_info->LastWriteTime = cpu_to_le64(time);
-	time = ksmbd_UnixTimeToNT(inode->i_ctime);
+	time = ksmbd_UnixTimeToNT(inode_get_ctime(inode));
 	file_info->ChangeTime = cpu_to_le64(time);
 	file_info->DosAttributes = fp->f_ci->m_fattr;
 	file_info->Inode = cpu_to_le64(inode->i_ino);
···
 		rsp->LastAccessTime = cpu_to_le64(time);
 		time = ksmbd_UnixTimeToNT(inode->i_mtime);
 		rsp->LastWriteTime = cpu_to_le64(time);
-		time = ksmbd_UnixTimeToNT(inode->i_ctime);
+		time = ksmbd_UnixTimeToNT(inode_get_ctime(inode));
 		rsp->ChangeTime = cpu_to_le64(time);
 		ksmbd_fd_put(work, fp);
 	} else {
···
 	if (file_info->ChangeTime)
 		attrs.ia_ctime = ksmbd_NTtimeToUnix(file_info->ChangeTime);
 	else
-		attrs.ia_ctime = inode->i_ctime;
+		attrs.ia_ctime = inode_get_ctime(inode);
 
 	if (file_info->LastWriteTime) {
 		attrs.ia_mtime = ksmbd_NTtimeToUnix(file_info->LastWriteTime);
···
 			return -EACCES;
 
 		inode_lock(inode);
-		inode->i_ctime = attrs.ia_ctime;
+		inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, attrs.ia_ctime);
 		attrs.ia_valid &= ~ATTR_CTIME;
 		rc = notify_change(idmap, dentry, &attrs, NULL);
 		inode_unlock(inode);

fs/smb/server/vfs.c

···
 	u64 time;
 	int rc;
 
-	generic_fillattr(idmap, d_inode(dentry), ksmbd_kstat->kstat);
+	generic_fillattr(idmap, STATX_BASIC_STATS, d_inode(dentry),
+			 ksmbd_kstat->kstat);
 
 	time = ksmbd_UnixTimeToNT(ksmbd_kstat->kstat->ctime);
 	ksmbd_kstat->create_time = time;

fs/squashfs/inode.c

···
 	inode->i_ino = le32_to_cpu(sqsh_ino->inode_number);
 	inode->i_mtime.tv_sec = le32_to_cpu(sqsh_ino->mtime);
 	inode->i_atime.tv_sec = inode->i_mtime.tv_sec;
-	inode->i_ctime.tv_sec = inode->i_mtime.tv_sec;
+	inode_set_ctime(inode, inode->i_mtime.tv_sec, 0);
 	inode->i_mode = le16_to_cpu(sqsh_ino->mode);
 	inode->i_size = 0;
 

fs/stack.c

···
 	dest->i_rdev = src->i_rdev;
 	dest->i_atime = src->i_atime;
 	dest->i_mtime = src->i_mtime;
-	dest->i_ctime = src->i_ctime;
+	inode_set_ctime_to_ts(dest, inode_get_ctime(src));
 	dest->i_blkbits = src->i_blkbits;
 	dest->i_flags = src->i_flags;
 	set_nlink(dest, src->i_nlink);

fs/stat.c

···
 #include "mount.h"
 
 /**
+ * fill_mg_cmtime - Fill in the mtime and ctime and flag ctime as QUERIED
+ * @stat: where to store the resulting values
+ * @request_mask: STATX_* values requested
+ * @inode: inode from which to grab the c/mtime
+ *
+ * Given @inode, grab the ctime and mtime out if it and store the result
+ * in @stat. When fetching the value, flag it as queried so the next write
+ * will use a fine-grained timestamp.
+ */
+void fill_mg_cmtime(struct kstat *stat, u32 request_mask, struct inode *inode)
+{
+	atomic_long_t *pnsec = (atomic_long_t *)&inode->__i_ctime.tv_nsec;
+
+	/* If neither time was requested, then don't report them */
+	if (!(request_mask & (STATX_CTIME|STATX_MTIME))) {
+		stat->result_mask &= ~(STATX_CTIME|STATX_MTIME);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	stat->mtime = inode->i_mtime;
+	stat->ctime.tv_sec = inode->__i_ctime.tv_sec;
+	/*
+	 * Atomically set the QUERIED flag and fetch the new value with
+	 * the flag masked off.
+	 */
+	stat->ctime.tv_nsec = atomic_long_fetch_or(I_CTIME_QUERIED, pnsec) &
+					~I_CTIME_QUERIED;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(fill_mg_cmtime);
+
+/**
  * generic_fillattr - Fill in the basic attributes from the inode struct
- * @idmap:	idmap of the mount the inode was found from
- * @inode:	Inode to use as the source
- * @stat:	Where to fill in the attributes
+ * @idmap:		idmap of the mount the inode was found from
+ * @request_mask:	statx request_mask
+ * @inode:		Inode to use as the source
+ * @stat:		Where to fill in the attributes
  *
  * Fill in the basic attributes in the kstat structure from data that's to be
  * found on the VFS inode structure.  This is the default if no getattr inode
···
  * uid and gid filds. On non-idmapped mounts or if permission checking is to be
  * performed on the raw inode simply passs @nop_mnt_idmap.
  */
-void generic_fillattr(struct mnt_idmap *idmap, struct inode *inode,
-		      struct kstat *stat)
+void generic_fillattr(struct mnt_idmap *idmap, u32 request_mask,
+		      struct inode *inode, struct kstat *stat)
 {
 	vfsuid_t vfsuid = i_uid_into_vfsuid(idmap, inode);
 	vfsgid_t vfsgid = i_gid_into_vfsgid(idmap, inode);
···
 	stat->rdev = inode->i_rdev;
 	stat->size = i_size_read(inode);
 	stat->atime = inode->i_atime;
-	stat->mtime = inode->i_mtime;
-	stat->ctime = inode->i_ctime;
+
+	if (is_mgtime(inode)) {
+		fill_mg_cmtime(stat, request_mask, inode);
+	} else {
+		stat->mtime = inode->i_mtime;
+		stat->ctime = inode_get_ctime(inode);
+	}
+
 	stat->blksize = i_blocksize(inode);
 	stat->blocks = inode->i_blocks;
+
+	if ((request_mask & STATX_CHANGE_COOKIE) && IS_I_VERSION(inode)) {
+		stat->result_mask |= STATX_CHANGE_COOKIE;
+		stat->change_cookie = inode_query_iversion(inode);
+	}
+
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(generic_fillattr);
 
···
 	stat->attributes_mask |= (STATX_ATTR_AUTOMOUNT |
 				  STATX_ATTR_DAX);
 
-	if ((request_mask & STATX_CHANGE_COOKIE) && IS_I_VERSION(inode)) {
-		stat->result_mask |= STATX_CHANGE_COOKIE;
-		stat->change_cookie = inode_query_iversion(inode);
-	}
-
 	idmap = mnt_idmap(path->mnt);
 	if (inode->i_op->getattr)
 		return inode->i_op->getattr(idmap, path, stat,
 					    request_mask, query_flags);
 
-	generic_fillattr(idmap, inode, stat);
+	generic_fillattr(idmap, request_mask, inode, stat);
 	return 0;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vfs_getattr_nosec);

fs/sysv/dir.c

···
 	memset (de->name + namelen, 0, SYSV_DIRSIZE - namelen - 2);
 	de->inode = cpu_to_fs16(SYSV_SB(inode->i_sb), inode->i_ino);
 	dir_commit_chunk(page, pos, SYSV_DIRSIZE);
-	dir->i_mtime = dir->i_ctime = current_time(dir);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 	mark_inode_dirty(dir);
 	err = sysv_handle_dirsync(dir);
 out_page:
···
 	}
 	de->inode = 0;
 	dir_commit_chunk(page, pos, SYSV_DIRSIZE);
-	inode->i_ctime = inode->i_mtime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	mark_inode_dirty(inode);
 	return sysv_handle_dirsync(inode);
 }
···
 	}
 	de->inode = cpu_to_fs16(SYSV_SB(inode->i_sb), inode->i_ino);
 	dir_commit_chunk(page, pos, SYSV_DIRSIZE);
-	dir->i_mtime = dir->i_ctime = current_time(dir);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 	mark_inode_dirty(dir);
 	return sysv_handle_dirsync(inode);
 }

fs/sysv/ialloc.c

···
 	dirty_sb(sb);
 	inode_init_owner(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, dir, mode);
 	inode->i_ino = fs16_to_cpu(sbi, ino);
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	inode->i_blocks = 0;
 	memset(SYSV_I(inode)->i_data, 0, sizeof(SYSV_I(inode)->i_data));
 	SYSV_I(inode)->i_dir_start_lookup = 0;

fs/sysv/inode.c

···
 	inode->i_size = fs32_to_cpu(sbi, raw_inode->i_size);
 	inode->i_atime.tv_sec = fs32_to_cpu(sbi, raw_inode->i_atime);
 	inode->i_mtime.tv_sec = fs32_to_cpu(sbi, raw_inode->i_mtime);
-	inode->i_ctime.tv_sec = fs32_to_cpu(sbi, raw_inode->i_ctime);
-	inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec = 0;
+	inode_set_ctime(inode, fs32_to_cpu(sbi, raw_inode->i_ctime), 0);
 	inode->i_atime.tv_nsec = 0;
 	inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec = 0;
 	inode->i_blocks = 0;
···
 	raw_inode->i_size = cpu_to_fs32(sbi, inode->i_size);
 	raw_inode->i_atime = cpu_to_fs32(sbi, inode->i_atime.tv_sec);
 	raw_inode->i_mtime = cpu_to_fs32(sbi, inode->i_mtime.tv_sec);
-	raw_inode->i_ctime = cpu_to_fs32(sbi, inode->i_ctime.tv_sec);
+	raw_inode->i_ctime = cpu_to_fs32(sbi, inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_sec);
 
 	si = SYSV_I(inode);
 	if (S_ISCHR(inode->i_mode) || S_ISBLK(inode->i_mode))

fs/sysv/itree.c

···
 	*where->p = where->key;
 	write_unlock(&pointers_lock);
 
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 
 	/* had we spliced it onto indirect block? */
 	if (where->bh)
···
 		}
 		n++;
 	}
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	if (IS_SYNC(inode))
 		sysv_sync_inode (inode);
 	else
···
 		 struct kstat *stat, u32 request_mask, unsigned int flags)
 {
 	struct super_block *s = path->dentry->d_sb;
-	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, d_inode(path->dentry), stat);
+	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, request_mask, d_inode(path->dentry),
+			 stat);
 	stat->blocks = (s->s_blocksize / 512) * sysv_nblocks(s, stat->size);
 	stat->blksize = s->s_blocksize;
 	return 0;

fs/sysv/namei.c

···
 {
 	struct inode *inode = d_inode(old_dentry);
 
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	inode_inc_link_count(inode);
 	ihold(inode);
 
···
 
 	err = sysv_delete_entry(de, page);
 	if (!err) {
-		inode->i_ctime = dir->i_ctime;
+		inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, inode_get_ctime(dir));
 		inode_dec_link_count(inode);
 	}
 	unmap_and_put_page(page, de);
···
 		unmap_and_put_page(new_page, new_de);
 		if (err)
 			goto out_dir;
-		new_inode->i_ctime = current_time(new_inode);
+		inode_set_ctime_current(new_inode);
 		if (dir_de)
 			drop_nlink(new_inode);
 		inode_dec_link_count(new_inode);

fs/tracefs/inode.c

···
 	struct inode *inode = new_inode(sb);
 	if (inode) {
 		inode->i_ino = get_next_ino();
-		inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+		inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	}
 	return inode;
 }

fs/ubifs/debug.c

···
 	       (unsigned int)inode->i_mtime.tv_sec,
 	       (unsigned int)inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec);
 	pr_err("\tctime          %u.%u\n",
-	       (unsigned int)inode->i_ctime.tv_sec,
-	       (unsigned int)inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec);
+	       (unsigned int) inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_sec,
+	       (unsigned int) inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_nsec);
 	pr_err("\tcreat_sqnum    %llu\n", ui->creat_sqnum);
 	pr_err("\txattr_size     %u\n", ui->xattr_size);
 	pr_err("\txattr_cnt      %u\n", ui->xattr_cnt);

fs/ubifs/dir.c

···
 	inode->i_flags |= S_NOCMTIME;
 
 	inode_init_owner(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, dir, mode);
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode->i_ctime =
-			 current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	inode->i_mapping->nrpages = 0;
 
 	if (!is_xattr) {
···
 	mutex_lock(&dir_ui->ui_mutex);
 	dir->i_size += sz_change;
 	dir_ui->ui_size = dir->i_size;
-	dir->i_mtime = dir->i_ctime = inode->i_ctime;
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_to_ts(dir, inode_get_ctime(inode));
 	err = ubifs_jnl_update(c, dir, &nm, inode, 0, 0);
 	if (err)
 		goto out_cancel;
···
 
 	inc_nlink(inode);
 	ihold(inode);
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	dir->i_size += sz_change;
 	dir_ui->ui_size = dir->i_size;
-	dir->i_mtime = dir->i_ctime = inode->i_ctime;
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_to_ts(dir, inode_get_ctime(inode));
 	err = ubifs_jnl_update(c, dir, &nm, inode, 0, 0);
 	if (err)
 		goto out_cancel;
···
 	}
 
 	lock_2_inodes(dir, inode);
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(dir);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	drop_nlink(inode);
 	dir->i_size -= sz_change;
 	dir_ui->ui_size = dir->i_size;
-	dir->i_mtime = dir->i_ctime = inode->i_ctime;
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_to_ts(dir, inode_get_ctime(inode));
 	err = ubifs_jnl_update(c, dir, &nm, inode, 1, 0);
 	if (err)
 		goto out_cancel;
···
 	}
 
 	lock_2_inodes(dir, inode);
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(dir);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	clear_nlink(inode);
 	drop_nlink(dir);
 	dir->i_size -= sz_change;
 	dir_ui->ui_size = dir->i_size;
-	dir->i_mtime = dir->i_ctime = inode->i_ctime;
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_to_ts(dir, inode_get_ctime(inode));
 	err = ubifs_jnl_update(c, dir, &nm, inode, 1, 0);
 	if (err)
 		goto out_cancel;
···
 	inc_nlink(dir);
 	dir->i_size += sz_change;
 	dir_ui->ui_size = dir->i_size;
-	dir->i_mtime = dir->i_ctime = inode->i_ctime;
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_to_ts(dir, inode_get_ctime(inode));
 	err = ubifs_jnl_update(c, dir, &nm, inode, 0, 0);
 	if (err) {
 		ubifs_err(c, "cannot create directory, error %d", err);
···
 	mutex_lock(&dir_ui->ui_mutex);
 	dir->i_size += sz_change;
 	dir_ui->ui_size = dir->i_size;
-	dir->i_mtime = dir->i_ctime = inode->i_ctime;
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_to_ts(dir, inode_get_ctime(inode));
 	err = ubifs_jnl_update(c, dir, &nm, inode, 0, 0);
 	if (err)
 		goto out_cancel;
···
 	mutex_lock(&dir_ui->ui_mutex);
 	dir->i_size += sz_change;
 	dir_ui->ui_size = dir->i_size;
-	dir->i_mtime = dir->i_ctime = inode->i_ctime;
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_to_ts(dir, inode_get_ctime(inode));
 	err = ubifs_jnl_update(c, dir, &nm, inode, 0, 0);
 	if (err)
 		goto out_cancel;
···
 	struct ubifs_budget_req ino_req = { .dirtied_ino = 1,
 			.dirtied_ino_d = ALIGN(old_inode_ui->data_len, 8) };
 	struct ubifs_budget_req wht_req;
-	struct timespec64 time;
 	unsigned int saved_nlink;
 	struct fscrypt_name old_nm, new_nm;
 
···
 	 * Like most other Unix systems, set the @i_ctime for inodes on a
 	 * rename.
 	 */
-	time = current_time(old_dir);
-	old_inode->i_ctime = time;
+	simple_rename_timestamp(old_dir, old_dentry, new_dir, new_dentry);
 
 	/* We must adjust parent link count when renaming directories */
 	if (is_dir) {
···
 
 	old_dir->i_size -= old_sz;
 	ubifs_inode(old_dir)->ui_size = old_dir->i_size;
-	old_dir->i_mtime = old_dir->i_ctime = time;
-	new_dir->i_mtime = new_dir->i_ctime = time;
 
 	/*
 	 * And finally, if we unlinked a direntry which happened to have the
 	 * same name as the moved direntry, we have to decrement @i_nlink of
-	 * the unlinked inode and change its ctime.
+	 * the unlinked inode.
 	 */
 	if (unlink) {
 		/*
···
 			clear_nlink(new_inode);
 		else
 			drop_nlink(new_inode);
-		new_inode->i_ctime = time;
 	} else {
 		new_dir->i_size += new_sz;
 		ubifs_inode(new_dir)->ui_size = new_dir->i_size;
···
 	int sync = IS_DIRSYNC(old_dir) || IS_DIRSYNC(new_dir);
 	struct inode *fst_inode = d_inode(old_dentry);
 	struct inode *snd_inode = d_inode(new_dentry);
-	struct timespec64 time;
 	int err;
 	struct fscrypt_name fst_nm, snd_nm;
 
···
 
 	lock_4_inodes(old_dir, new_dir, NULL, NULL);
 
-	time = current_time(old_dir);
-	fst_inode->i_ctime = time;
-	snd_inode->i_ctime = time;
-	old_dir->i_mtime = old_dir->i_ctime = time;
-	new_dir->i_mtime = new_dir->i_ctime = time;
+	simple_rename_timestamp(old_dir, old_dentry, new_dir, new_dentry);
 
 	if (old_dir != new_dir) {
 		if (S_ISDIR(fst_inode->i_mode) && !S_ISDIR(snd_inode->i_mode)) {
···
 				STATX_ATTR_ENCRYPTED |
 				STATX_ATTR_IMMUTABLE);
 
-	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, stat);
+	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, request_mask, inode, stat);
 	stat->blksize = UBIFS_BLOCK_SIZE;
 	stat->size = ui->ui_size;
 

fs/ubifs/file.c

···
 	if (attr->ia_valid & ATTR_MTIME)
 		inode->i_mtime = attr->ia_mtime;
 	if (attr->ia_valid & ATTR_CTIME)
-		inode->i_ctime = attr->ia_ctime;
+		inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, attr->ia_ctime);
 	if (attr->ia_valid & ATTR_MODE) {
 		umode_t mode = attr->ia_mode;
 
···
 	mutex_lock(&ui->ui_mutex);
 	ui->ui_size = inode->i_size;
 	/* Truncation changes inode [mc]time */
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	/* Other attributes may be changed at the same time as well */
 	do_attr_changes(inode, attr);
 	err = ubifs_jnl_truncate(c, inode, old_size, new_size);
···
 	mutex_lock(&ui->ui_mutex);
 	if (attr->ia_valid & ATTR_SIZE) {
 		/* Truncation changes inode [mc]time */
-		inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+		inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 		/* 'truncate_setsize()' changed @i_size, update @ui_size */
 		ui->ui_size = inode->i_size;
 	}
···
 static inline int mctime_update_needed(const struct inode *inode,
 				       const struct timespec64 *now)
 {
+	struct timespec64 ctime = inode_get_ctime(inode);
+
 	if (!timespec64_equal(&inode->i_mtime, now) ||
-	    !timespec64_equal(&inode->i_ctime, now))
+	    !timespec64_equal(&ctime, now))
 		return 1;
 	return 0;
 }
···
  *
  * This function updates time of the inode.
  */
-int ubifs_update_time(struct inode *inode, struct timespec64 *time,
-			     int flags)
+int ubifs_update_time(struct inode *inode, int flags)
 {
 	struct ubifs_inode *ui = ubifs_inode(inode);
 	struct ubifs_info *c = inode->i_sb->s_fs_info;
···
 			.dirtied_ino_d = ALIGN(ui->data_len, 8) };
 	int err, release;
 
-	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_UBIFS_ATIME_SUPPORT))
-		return generic_update_time(inode, time, flags);
+	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_UBIFS_ATIME_SUPPORT)) {
+		generic_update_time(inode, flags);
+		return 0;
+	}
 
 	err = ubifs_budget_space(c, &req);
 	if (err)
 		return err;
 
 	mutex_lock(&ui->ui_mutex);
-	if (flags & S_ATIME)
-		inode->i_atime = *time;
-	if (flags & S_CTIME)
-		inode->i_ctime = *time;
-	if (flags & S_MTIME)
-		inode->i_mtime = *time;
-
+	inode_update_timestamps(inode, flags);
 	release = ui->dirty;
 	__mark_inode_dirty(inode, I_DIRTY_SYNC);
 	mutex_unlock(&ui->ui_mutex);
···
 			return err;
 
 		mutex_lock(&ui->ui_mutex);
-		inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+		inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 		release = ui->dirty;
 		mark_inode_dirty_sync(inode);
 		mutex_unlock(&ui->ui_mutex);
···
 		struct ubifs_inode *ui = ubifs_inode(inode);
 
 		mutex_lock(&ui->ui_mutex);
-		inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+		inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 		release = ui->dirty;
 		mark_inode_dirty_sync(inode);
 		mutex_unlock(&ui->ui_mutex);

fs/ubifs/ioctl.c

···
 	ui->flags &= ~ioctl2ubifs(UBIFS_SETTABLE_IOCTL_FLAGS);
 	ui->flags |= ioctl2ubifs(flags);
 	ubifs_set_inode_flags(inode);
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	release = ui->dirty;
 	mark_inode_dirty_sync(inode);
 	mutex_unlock(&ui->ui_mutex);

fs/ubifs/journal.c

···
 	ino->creat_sqnum = cpu_to_le64(ui->creat_sqnum);
 	ino->atime_sec  = cpu_to_le64(inode->i_atime.tv_sec);
 	ino->atime_nsec = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_atime.tv_nsec);
-	ino->ctime_sec  = cpu_to_le64(inode->i_ctime.tv_sec);
-	ino->ctime_nsec = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec);
+	ino->ctime_sec  = cpu_to_le64(inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_sec);
+	ino->ctime_nsec = cpu_to_le32(inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_nsec);
 	ino->mtime_sec  = cpu_to_le64(inode->i_mtime.tv_sec);
 	ino->mtime_nsec = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec);
 	ino->uid   = cpu_to_le32(i_uid_read(inode));

fs/ubifs/super.c

···
 	inode->i_atime.tv_nsec = le32_to_cpu(ino->atime_nsec);
 	inode->i_mtime.tv_sec  = (int64_t)le64_to_cpu(ino->mtime_sec);
 	inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec = le32_to_cpu(ino->mtime_nsec);
-	inode->i_ctime.tv_sec  = (int64_t)le64_to_cpu(ino->ctime_sec);
-	inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec = le32_to_cpu(ino->ctime_nsec);
+	inode_set_ctime(inode, (int64_t)le64_to_cpu(ino->ctime_sec),
+			le32_to_cpu(ino->ctime_nsec));
 	inode->i_mode = le32_to_cpu(ino->mode);
 	inode->i_size = le64_to_cpu(ino->size);
 

fs/ubifs/ubifs.h

···
 int ubifs_fsync(struct file *file, loff_t start, loff_t end, int datasync);
 int ubifs_setattr(struct mnt_idmap *idmap, struct dentry *dentry,
 		  struct iattr *attr);
-int ubifs_update_time(struct inode *inode, struct timespec64 *time, int flags);
+int ubifs_update_time(struct inode *inode, int flags);
 
 /* dir.c */
 struct inode *ubifs_new_inode(struct ubifs_info *c, struct inode *dir,

fs/ubifs/xattr.c

···
 	ui->data_len = size;
 
 	mutex_lock(&host_ui->ui_mutex);
-	host->i_ctime = current_time(host);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(host);
 	host_ui->xattr_cnt += 1;
 	host_ui->xattr_size += CALC_DENT_SIZE(fname_len(nm));
 	host_ui->xattr_size += CALC_XATTR_BYTES(size);
···
 	ui->data_len = size;
 
 	mutex_lock(&host_ui->ui_mutex);
-	host->i_ctime = current_time(host);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(host);
 	host_ui->xattr_size -= CALC_XATTR_BYTES(old_size);
 	host_ui->xattr_size += CALC_XATTR_BYTES(size);
 
···
 		return err;
 
 	mutex_lock(&host_ui->ui_mutex);
-	host->i_ctime = current_time(host);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(host);
 	host_ui->xattr_cnt -= 1;
 	host_ui->xattr_size -= CALC_DENT_SIZE(fname_len(nm));
 	host_ui->xattr_size -= CALC_XATTR_BYTES(ui->data_len);

fs/udf/ialloc.c

···
 		iinfo->i_alloc_type = ICBTAG_FLAG_AD_SHORT;
 	else
 		iinfo->i_alloc_type = ICBTAG_FLAG_AD_LONG;
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	iinfo->i_crtime = inode->i_mtime;
 	if (unlikely(insert_inode_locked(inode) < 0)) {
 		make_bad_inode(inode);

fs/udf/inode.c

···
 	map->oflags = UDF_BLK_NEW | UDF_BLK_MAPPED;
 	iinfo->i_next_alloc_block = map->lblk + 1;
 	iinfo->i_next_alloc_goal = newblocknum + 1;
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 
 	if (IS_SYNC(inode))
 		udf_sync_inode(inode);
···
 			goto out_unlock;
 	}
 update_time:
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	if (IS_SYNC(inode))
 		udf_sync_inode(inode);
 	else
···
 	int bs = inode->i_sb->s_blocksize;
 	int ret = -EIO;
 	uint32_t uid, gid;
+	struct timespec64 ctime;
 
 reread:
 	if (iloc->partitionReferenceNum >= sbi->s_partitions) {
···
 
 		udf_disk_stamp_to_time(&inode->i_atime, fe->accessTime);
 		udf_disk_stamp_to_time(&inode->i_mtime, fe->modificationTime);
-		udf_disk_stamp_to_time(&inode->i_ctime, fe->attrTime);
+		udf_disk_stamp_to_time(&ctime, fe->attrTime);
+		inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, ctime);
 
 		iinfo->i_unique = le64_to_cpu(fe->uniqueID);
 		iinfo->i_lenEAttr = le32_to_cpu(fe->lengthExtendedAttr);
···
 		udf_disk_stamp_to_time(&inode->i_atime, efe->accessTime);
 		udf_disk_stamp_to_time(&inode->i_mtime, efe->modificationTime);
 		udf_disk_stamp_to_time(&iinfo->i_crtime, efe->createTime);
-		udf_disk_stamp_to_time(&inode->i_ctime, efe->attrTime);
+		udf_disk_stamp_to_time(&ctime, efe->attrTime);
+		inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, ctime);
 
 		iinfo->i_unique = le64_to_cpu(efe->uniqueID);
 		iinfo->i_lenEAttr = le32_to_cpu(efe->lengthExtendedAttr);
···
 
 		udf_time_to_disk_stamp(&fe->accessTime, inode->i_atime);
 		udf_time_to_disk_stamp(&fe->modificationTime, inode->i_mtime);
-		udf_time_to_disk_stamp(&fe->attrTime, inode->i_ctime);
+		udf_time_to_disk_stamp(&fe->attrTime, inode_get_ctime(inode));
 		memset(&(fe->impIdent), 0, sizeof(struct regid));
 		strcpy(fe->impIdent.ident, UDF_ID_DEVELOPER);
 		fe->impIdent.identSuffix[0] = UDF_OS_CLASS_UNIX;
···
 
 		udf_adjust_time(iinfo, inode->i_atime);
 		udf_adjust_time(iinfo, inode->i_mtime);
-		udf_adjust_time(iinfo, inode->i_ctime);
+		udf_adjust_time(iinfo, inode_get_ctime(inode));
 
 		udf_time_to_disk_stamp(&efe->accessTime, inode->i_atime);
 		udf_time_to_disk_stamp(&efe->modificationTime, inode->i_mtime);
 		udf_time_to_disk_stamp(&efe->createTime, iinfo->i_crtime);
-		udf_time_to_disk_stamp(&efe->attrTime, inode->i_ctime);
+		udf_time_to_disk_stamp(&efe->attrTime, inode_get_ctime(inode));
 
 		memset(&(efe->impIdent), 0, sizeof(efe->impIdent));
 		strcpy(efe->impIdent.ident, UDF_ID_DEVELOPER);

fs/udf/namei.c

···
 	*(__le32 *)((struct allocDescImpUse *)iter.fi.icb.impUse)->impUse =
 		cpu_to_le32(iinfo->i_unique & 0x00000000FFFFFFFFUL);
 	udf_fiiter_write_fi(&iter, NULL);
-	dir->i_ctime = dir->i_mtime = current_time(dir);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 	mark_inode_dirty(dir);
 	udf_fiiter_release(&iter);
 	udf_add_fid_counter(dir->i_sb, false, 1);
···
 	udf_fiiter_release(&iter);
 	udf_add_fid_counter(dir->i_sb, true, 1);
 	inc_nlink(dir);
-	dir->i_ctime = dir->i_mtime = current_time(dir);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 	mark_inode_dirty(dir);
 	d_instantiate_new(dentry, inode);
 
···
 	inode->i_size = 0;
 	inode_dec_link_count(dir);
 	udf_add_fid_counter(dir->i_sb, true, -1);
-	inode->i_ctime = dir->i_ctime = dir->i_mtime =
-						current_time(inode);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_to_ts(dir,
+					     inode_set_ctime_current(inode));
 	mark_inode_dirty(dir);
 	ret = 0;
 end_rmdir:
···
 		set_nlink(inode, 1);
 	}
 	udf_fiiter_delete_entry(&iter);
-	dir->i_ctime = dir->i_mtime = current_time(dir);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 	mark_inode_dirty(dir);
 	inode_dec_link_count(inode);
 	udf_add_fid_counter(dir->i_sb, false, -1);
-	inode->i_ctime = dir->i_ctime;
+	inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, inode_get_ctime(dir));
 	ret = 0;
 end_unlink:
 	udf_fiiter_release(&iter);
···
 
 	inc_nlink(inode);
 	udf_add_fid_counter(dir->i_sb, false, 1);
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	mark_inode_dirty(inode);
-	dir->i_ctime = dir->i_mtime = current_time(dir);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 	mark_inode_dirty(dir);
 	ihold(inode);
 	d_instantiate(dentry, inode);
···
 	 * Like most other Unix systems, set the ctime for inodes on a
 	 * rename.
 	 */
-	old_inode->i_ctime = current_time(old_inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(old_inode);
 	mark_inode_dirty(old_inode);
 
 	/*
···
 	}
 
 	if (new_inode) {
-		new_inode->i_ctime = current_time(new_inode);
+		inode_set_ctime_current(new_inode);
 		inode_dec_link_count(new_inode);
 		udf_add_fid_counter(old_dir->i_sb, S_ISDIR(new_inode->i_mode),
 				    -1);
 	}
-	old_dir->i_ctime = old_dir->i_mtime = current_time(old_dir);
-	new_dir->i_ctime = new_dir->i_mtime = current_time(new_dir);
+	old_dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(old_dir);
+	new_dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(new_dir);
 	mark_inode_dirty(old_dir);
 	mark_inode_dirty(new_dir);
 

fs/udf/symlink.c

···
 	struct inode *inode = d_backing_inode(dentry);
 	struct page *page;
 
-	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, stat);
+	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, request_mask, inode, stat);
 	page = read_mapping_page(inode->i_mapping, 0, NULL);
 	if (IS_ERR(page))
 		return PTR_ERR(page);

fs/ufs/dir.c

···
 	ufs_commit_chunk(page, pos, len);
 	ufs_put_page(page);
 	if (update_times)
-		dir->i_mtime = dir->i_ctime = current_time(dir);
+		dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 	mark_inode_dirty(dir);
 	ufs_handle_dirsync(dir);
 }
···
 	ufs_set_de_type(sb, de, inode->i_mode);
 
 	ufs_commit_chunk(page, pos, rec_len);
-	dir->i_mtime = dir->i_ctime = current_time(dir);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 
 	mark_inode_dirty(dir);
 	err = ufs_handle_dirsync(dir);
···
 		pde->d_reclen = cpu_to_fs16(sb, to - from);
 	dir->d_ino = 0;
 	ufs_commit_chunk(page, pos, to - from);
-	inode->i_ctime = inode->i_mtime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	mark_inode_dirty(inode);
 	err = ufs_handle_dirsync(inode);
 out:

fs/ufs/ialloc.c

···
 	inode_init_owner(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, dir, mode);
 	inode->i_blocks = 0;
 	inode->i_generation = 0;
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	ufsi->i_flags = UFS_I(dir)->i_flags;
 	ufsi->i_lastfrag = 0;
 	ufsi->i_shadow = 0;

fs/ufs/inode.c

···
 
 	if (new)
 		*new = 1;
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	if (IS_SYNC(inode))
 		ufs_sync_inode (inode);
 	mark_inode_dirty(inode);
···
 	mark_buffer_dirty(bh);
 	if (IS_SYNC(inode))
 		sync_dirty_buffer(bh);
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	mark_inode_dirty(inode);
 out:
 	brelse (bh);
···
 
 	inode->i_size = fs64_to_cpu(sb, ufs_inode->ui_size);
 	inode->i_atime.tv_sec = (signed)fs32_to_cpu(sb, ufs_inode->ui_atime.tv_sec);
-	inode->i_ctime.tv_sec = (signed)fs32_to_cpu(sb, ufs_inode->ui_ctime.tv_sec);
+	inode_set_ctime(inode,
+			(signed)fs32_to_cpu(sb, ufs_inode->ui_ctime.tv_sec),
+			0);
 	inode->i_mtime.tv_sec = (signed)fs32_to_cpu(sb, ufs_inode->ui_mtime.tv_sec);
 	inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec = 0;
 	inode->i_atime.tv_nsec = 0;
-	inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec = 0;
 	inode->i_blocks = fs32_to_cpu(sb, ufs_inode->ui_blocks);
 	inode->i_generation = fs32_to_cpu(sb, ufs_inode->ui_gen);
 	ufsi->i_flags = fs32_to_cpu(sb, ufs_inode->ui_flags);
···
 
 	inode->i_size = fs64_to_cpu(sb, ufs2_inode->ui_size);
 	inode->i_atime.tv_sec = fs64_to_cpu(sb, ufs2_inode->ui_atime);
-	inode->i_ctime.tv_sec = fs64_to_cpu(sb, ufs2_inode->ui_ctime);
+	inode_set_ctime(inode, fs64_to_cpu(sb, ufs2_inode->ui_ctime),
+			fs32_to_cpu(sb, ufs2_inode->ui_ctimensec));
 	inode->i_mtime.tv_sec = fs64_to_cpu(sb, ufs2_inode->ui_mtime);
 	inode->i_atime.tv_nsec = fs32_to_cpu(sb, ufs2_inode->ui_atimensec);
-	inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec = fs32_to_cpu(sb, ufs2_inode->ui_ctimensec);
 	inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec = fs32_to_cpu(sb, ufs2_inode->ui_mtimensec);
 	inode->i_blocks = fs64_to_cpu(sb, ufs2_inode->ui_blocks);
 	inode->i_generation = fs32_to_cpu(sb, ufs2_inode->ui_gen);
···
 	ufs_inode->ui_size = cpu_to_fs64(sb, inode->i_size);
 	ufs_inode->ui_atime.tv_sec = cpu_to_fs32(sb, inode->i_atime.tv_sec);
 	ufs_inode->ui_atime.tv_usec = 0;
-	ufs_inode->ui_ctime.tv_sec = cpu_to_fs32(sb, inode->i_ctime.tv_sec);
+	ufs_inode->ui_ctime.tv_sec = cpu_to_fs32(sb,
+						 inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_sec);
 	ufs_inode->ui_ctime.tv_usec = 0;
 	ufs_inode->ui_mtime.tv_sec = cpu_to_fs32(sb, inode->i_mtime.tv_sec);
 	ufs_inode->ui_mtime.tv_usec = 0;
···
 	ufs_inode->ui_size = cpu_to_fs64(sb, inode->i_size);
 	ufs_inode->ui_atime = cpu_to_fs64(sb, inode->i_atime.tv_sec);
 	ufs_inode->ui_atimensec = cpu_to_fs32(sb, inode->i_atime.tv_nsec);
-	ufs_inode->ui_ctime = cpu_to_fs64(sb, inode->i_ctime.tv_sec);
-	ufs_inode->ui_ctimensec = cpu_to_fs32(sb, inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec);
+	ufs_inode->ui_ctime = cpu_to_fs64(sb, inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_sec);
+	ufs_inode->ui_ctimensec = cpu_to_fs32(sb,
+					      inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_nsec);
 	ufs_inode->ui_mtime = cpu_to_fs64(sb, inode->i_mtime.tv_sec);
 	ufs_inode->ui_mtimensec = cpu_to_fs32(sb, inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec);
 
···
 	truncate_setsize(inode, size);
 
 	ufs_truncate_blocks(inode);
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	mark_inode_dirty(inode);
 out:
 	UFSD("EXIT: err %d\n", err);

fs/ufs/namei.c

···
 	struct inode *inode = d_inode(old_dentry);
 	int error;
 
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	inode_inc_link_count(inode);
 	ihold(inode);
 
···
 	if (err)
 		goto out;
 
-	inode->i_ctime = dir->i_ctime;
+	inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, inode_get_ctime(dir));
 	inode_dec_link_count(inode);
 	err = 0;
 out:
···
 		if (!new_de)
 			goto out_dir;
 		ufs_set_link(new_dir, new_de, new_page, old_inode, 1);
-		new_inode->i_ctime = current_time(new_inode);
+		inode_set_ctime_current(new_inode);
 		if (dir_de)
 			drop_nlink(new_inode);
 		inode_dec_link_count(new_inode);
···
 	 * Like most other Unix systems, set the ctime for inodes on a
  	 * rename.
 	 */
-	old_inode->i_ctime = current_time(old_inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(old_inode);
 
 	ufs_delete_entry(old_dir, old_de, old_page);
 	mark_inode_dirty(old_inode);

fs/vboxsf/utils.c

···
 
 	inode->i_atime = ns_to_timespec64(
 				 info->access_time.ns_relative_to_unix_epoch);
-	inode->i_ctime = ns_to_timespec64(
-				 info->change_time.ns_relative_to_unix_epoch);
+	inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode,
+			      ns_to_timespec64(info->change_time.ns_relative_to_unix_epoch));
 	inode->i_mtime = ns_to_timespec64(
 			   info->modification_time.ns_relative_to_unix_epoch);
 	return 0;
···
 	if (err)
 		return err;
 
-	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, d_inode(dentry), kstat);
+	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, request_mask, d_inode(dentry), kstat);
 	return 0;
 }
 

fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_inode_buf.c

···
 	 */
 	inode->i_atime = xfs_inode_from_disk_ts(from, from->di_atime);
 	inode->i_mtime = xfs_inode_from_disk_ts(from, from->di_mtime);
-	inode->i_ctime = xfs_inode_from_disk_ts(from, from->di_ctime);
+	inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode,
+			      xfs_inode_from_disk_ts(from, from->di_ctime));
 
 	ip->i_disk_size = be64_to_cpu(from->di_size);
 	ip->i_nblocks = be64_to_cpu(from->di_nblocks);
···
 
 	to->di_atime = xfs_inode_to_disk_ts(ip, inode->i_atime);
 	to->di_mtime = xfs_inode_to_disk_ts(ip, inode->i_mtime);
-	to->di_ctime = xfs_inode_to_disk_ts(ip, inode->i_ctime);
+	to->di_ctime = xfs_inode_to_disk_ts(ip, inode_get_ctime(inode));
 	to->di_nlink = cpu_to_be32(inode->i_nlink);
 	to->di_gen = cpu_to_be32(inode->i_generation);
 	to->di_mode = cpu_to_be16(inode->i_mode);

fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_trans_inode.c

···
 	ASSERT(tp);
 	ASSERT(xfs_isilocked(ip, XFS_ILOCK_EXCL));
 
-	tv = current_time(inode);
+	/* If the mtime changes, then ctime must also change */
+	ASSERT(flags & XFS_ICHGTIME_CHG);
 
+	tv = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	if (flags & XFS_ICHGTIME_MOD)
 		inode->i_mtime = tv;
-	if (flags & XFS_ICHGTIME_CHG)
-		inode->i_ctime = tv;
 	if (flags & XFS_ICHGTIME_CREATE)
 		ip->i_crtime = tv;
 }

fs/xfs/xfs_acl.c

···
 	xfs_ilock(ip, XFS_ILOCK_EXCL);
 	xfs_trans_ijoin(tp, ip, XFS_ILOCK_EXCL);
 	inode->i_mode = mode;
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	xfs_trans_log_inode(tp, ip, XFS_ILOG_CORE);
 
 	if (xfs_has_wsync(mp))

fs/xfs/xfs_bmap_util.c

···
 	uint64_t		f;
 	int			resblks = 0;
 	unsigned int		flags = 0;
+	struct timespec64	ctime;
 
 	/*
 	 * Lock the inodes against other IO, page faults and truncate to
···
 	 * process that the file was not changed out from
 	 * under it.
 	 */
-	if ((sbp->bs_ctime.tv_sec != VFS_I(ip)->i_ctime.tv_sec) ||
-	    (sbp->bs_ctime.tv_nsec != VFS_I(ip)->i_ctime.tv_nsec) ||
+	ctime = inode_get_ctime(VFS_I(ip));
+	if ((sbp->bs_ctime.tv_sec != ctime.tv_sec) ||
+	    (sbp->bs_ctime.tv_nsec != ctime.tv_nsec) ||
 	    (sbp->bs_mtime.tv_sec != VFS_I(ip)->i_mtime.tv_sec) ||
 	    (sbp->bs_mtime.tv_nsec != VFS_I(ip)->i_mtime.tv_nsec)) {
 		error = -EBUSY;

fs/xfs/xfs_inode.c

···
 	ip->i_df.if_nextents = 0;
 	ASSERT(ip->i_nblocks == 0);
 
-	tv = current_time(inode);
+	tv = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	inode->i_mtime = tv;
 	inode->i_atime = tv;
-	inode->i_ctime = tv;
 
 	ip->i_extsize = 0;
 	ip->i_diflags = 0;

fs/xfs/xfs_inode_item.c

···
 	memset(to->di_pad3, 0, sizeof(to->di_pad3));
 	to->di_atime = xfs_inode_to_log_dinode_ts(ip, inode->i_atime);
 	to->di_mtime = xfs_inode_to_log_dinode_ts(ip, inode->i_mtime);
-	to->di_ctime = xfs_inode_to_log_dinode_ts(ip, inode->i_ctime);
+	to->di_ctime = xfs_inode_to_log_dinode_ts(ip, inode_get_ctime(inode));
 	to->di_nlink = inode->i_nlink;
 	to->di_gen = inode->i_generation;
 	to->di_mode = inode->i_mode;

fs/xfs/xfs_iops.c

···
 	stat->gid = vfsgid_into_kgid(vfsgid);
 	stat->ino = ip->i_ino;
 	stat->atime = inode->i_atime;
-	stat->mtime = inode->i_mtime;
-	stat->ctime = inode->i_ctime;
 	stat->blocks = XFS_FSB_TO_BB(mp, ip->i_nblocks + ip->i_delayed_blks);
+
+	fill_mg_cmtime(stat, request_mask, inode);
 
 	if (xfs_has_v3inodes(mp)) {
 		if (request_mask & STATX_BTIME) {
···
 	if (newsize != oldsize &&
 	    !(iattr->ia_valid & (ATTR_CTIME | ATTR_MTIME))) {
 		iattr->ia_ctime = iattr->ia_mtime =
-			current_time(inode);
+			current_mgtime(inode);
 		iattr->ia_valid |= ATTR_CTIME | ATTR_MTIME;
 	}
 
···
 STATIC int
 xfs_vn_update_time(
 	struct inode		*inode,
-	struct timespec64	*now,
 	int			flags)
 {
 	struct xfs_inode	*ip = XFS_I(inode);
···
 	int			log_flags = XFS_ILOG_TIMESTAMP;
 	struct xfs_trans	*tp;
 	int			error;
+	struct timespec64	now;
 
 	trace_xfs_update_time(ip);
 
 	if (inode->i_sb->s_flags & SB_LAZYTIME) {
 		if (!((flags & S_VERSION) &&
-		      inode_maybe_inc_iversion(inode, false)))
-			return generic_update_time(inode, now, flags);
+		      inode_maybe_inc_iversion(inode, false))) {
+			generic_update_time(inode, flags);
+			return 0;
+		}
 
 		/* Capture the iversion update that just occurred */
 		log_flags |= XFS_ILOG_CORE;
···
 		return error;
 
 	xfs_ilock(ip, XFS_ILOCK_EXCL);
-	if (flags & S_CTIME)
-		inode->i_ctime = *now;
+	if (flags & (S_CTIME|S_MTIME))
+		now = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
+	else
+		now = current_time(inode);
+
 	if (flags & S_MTIME)
-		inode->i_mtime = *now;
+		inode->i_mtime = now;
 	if (flags & S_ATIME)
-		inode->i_atime = *now;
+		inode->i_atime = now;
 
 	xfs_trans_ijoin(tp, ip, XFS_ILOCK_EXCL);
 	xfs_trans_log_inode(tp, ip, log_flags);

fs/xfs/xfs_itable.c

···
 	buf->bs_atime_nsec = inode->i_atime.tv_nsec;
 	buf->bs_mtime = inode->i_mtime.tv_sec;
 	buf->bs_mtime_nsec = inode->i_mtime.tv_nsec;
-	buf->bs_ctime = inode->i_ctime.tv_sec;
-	buf->bs_ctime_nsec = inode->i_ctime.tv_nsec;
+	buf->bs_ctime = inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_sec;
+	buf->bs_ctime_nsec = inode_get_ctime(inode).tv_nsec;
 	buf->bs_gen = inode->i_generation;
 	buf->bs_mode = inode->i_mode;
 

fs/xfs/xfs_super.c

···
 	.init_fs_context	= xfs_init_fs_context,
 	.parameters		= xfs_fs_parameters,
 	.kill_sb		= kill_block_super,
-	.fs_flags		= FS_REQUIRES_DEV | FS_ALLOW_IDMAP,
+	.fs_flags		= FS_REQUIRES_DEV | FS_ALLOW_IDMAP | FS_MGTIME,
 };
 MODULE_ALIAS_FS("xfs");
 

fs/zonefs/super.c

···
 
 	inode->i_ino = ino;
 	inode->i_mode = z->z_mode;
-	inode->i_ctime = inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = dir->i_ctime;
+	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode,
+								inode_get_ctime(dir));
 	inode->i_uid = z->z_uid;
 	inode->i_gid = z->z_gid;
 	inode->i_size = z->z_wpoffset;
···
 	inode->i_ino = ino;
 	inode_init_owner(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, root, S_IFDIR | 0555);
 	inode->i_size = sbi->s_zgroup[ztype].g_nr_zones;
-	inode->i_ctime = inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = root->i_ctime;
+	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode,
+								inode_get_ctime(root));
 	inode->i_private = &sbi->s_zgroup[ztype];
 	set_nlink(inode, 2);
 
···
 
 	inode->i_ino = bdev_nr_zones(sb->s_bdev);
 	inode->i_mode = S_IFDIR | 0555;
-	inode->i_ctime = inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	inode->i_op = &zonefs_dir_inode_operations;
 	inode->i_fop = &zonefs_dir_operations;
 	inode->i_size = 2;

include/linux/fs.h

···
 	loff_t			i_size;
 	struct timespec64	i_atime;
 	struct timespec64	i_mtime;
-	struct timespec64	i_ctime;
+	struct timespec64	__i_ctime; /* use inode_*_ctime accessors! */
 	spinlock_t		i_lock;	/* i_blocks, i_bytes, maybe i_size */
 	unsigned short          i_bytes;
 	u8			i_blkbits;
···
 	       kgid_has_mapping(fs_userns, kgid);
 }
 
-extern struct timespec64 current_time(struct inode *inode);
+struct timespec64 current_mgtime(struct inode *inode);
+struct timespec64 current_time(struct inode *inode);
+struct timespec64 inode_set_ctime_current(struct inode *inode);
+
+/*
+ * Multigrain timestamps
+ *
+ * Conditionally use fine-grained ctime and mtime timestamps when there
+ * are users actively observing them via getattr. The primary use-case
+ * for this is NFS clients that use the ctime to distinguish between
+ * different states of the file, and that are often fooled by multiple
+ * operations that occur in the same coarse-grained timer tick.
+ *
+ * The kernel always keeps normalized struct timespec64 values in the ctime,
+ * which means that only the first 30 bits of the value are used. Use the
+ * 31st bit of the ctime's tv_nsec field as a flag to indicate that the value
+ * has been queried since it was last updated.
+ */
+#define I_CTIME_QUERIED		(1L<<30)
+
+/**
+ * inode_get_ctime - fetch the current ctime from the inode
+ * @inode: inode from which to fetch ctime
+ *
+ * Grab the current ctime tv_nsec field from the inode, mask off the
+ * I_CTIME_QUERIED flag and return it. This is mostly intended for use by
+ * internal consumers of the ctime that aren't concerned with ensuring a
+ * fine-grained update on the next change (e.g. when preparing to store
+ * the value in the backing store for later retrieval).
+ *
+ * This is safe to call regardless of whether the underlying filesystem
+ * is using multigrain timestamps.
+ */
+static inline struct timespec64 inode_get_ctime(const struct inode *inode)
+{
+	struct timespec64 ctime;
+
+	ctime.tv_sec = inode->__i_ctime.tv_sec;
+	ctime.tv_nsec = inode->__i_ctime.tv_nsec & ~I_CTIME_QUERIED;
+
+	return ctime;
+}
+
+/**
+ * inode_set_ctime_to_ts - set the ctime in the inode
+ * @inode: inode in which to set the ctime
+ * @ts: value to set in the ctime field
+ *
+ * Set the ctime in @inode to @ts
+ */
+static inline struct timespec64 inode_set_ctime_to_ts(struct inode *inode,
+						      struct timespec64 ts)
+{
+	inode->__i_ctime = ts;
+	return ts;
+}
+
+/**
+ * inode_set_ctime - set the ctime in the inode
+ * @inode: inode in which to set the ctime
+ * @sec: tv_sec value to set
+ * @nsec: tv_nsec value to set
+ *
+ * Set the ctime in @inode to { @sec, @nsec }
+ */
+static inline struct timespec64 inode_set_ctime(struct inode *inode,
+						time64_t sec, long nsec)
+{
+	struct timespec64 ts = { .tv_sec  = sec,
+				 .tv_nsec = nsec };
+
+	return inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, ts);
+}
 
 /*
  * Snapshotting support.
···
 	ssize_t (*listxattr) (struct dentry *, char *, size_t);
 	int (*fiemap)(struct inode *, struct fiemap_extent_info *, u64 start,
 		      u64 len);
-	int (*update_time)(struct inode *, struct timespec64 *, int);
+	int (*update_time)(struct inode *, int);
 	int (*atomic_open)(struct inode *, struct dentry *,
 			   struct file *, unsigned open_flag,
 			   umode_t create_mode);
···
 
 extern bool atime_needs_update(const struct path *, struct inode *);
 extern void touch_atime(const struct path *);
-int inode_update_time(struct inode *inode, struct timespec64 *time, int flags);
+int inode_update_time(struct inode *inode, int flags);
 
 static inline void file_accessed(struct file *file)
 {
···
 #define FS_USERNS_MOUNT		8	/* Can be mounted by userns root */
 #define FS_DISALLOW_NOTIFY_PERM	16	/* Disable fanotify permission events */
 #define FS_ALLOW_IDMAP         32      /* FS has been updated to handle vfs idmappings. */
+#define FS_MGTIME		64	/* FS uses multigrain timestamps */
 #define FS_RENAME_DOES_D_MOVE	32768	/* FS will handle d_move() during rename() internally. */
 	int (*init_fs_context)(struct fs_context *);
 	const struct fs_parameter_spec *parameters;
···
 };
 
 #define MODULE_ALIAS_FS(NAME) MODULE_ALIAS("fs-" NAME)
+
+/**
+ * is_mgtime: is this inode using multigrain timestamps
+ * @inode: inode to test for multigrain timestamps
+ *
+ * Return true if the inode uses multigrain timestamps, false otherwise.
+ */
+static inline bool is_mgtime(const struct inode *inode)
+{
+	return inode->i_sb->s_type->fs_flags & FS_MGTIME;
+}
 
 extern struct dentry *mount_bdev(struct file_system_type *fs_type,
 	int flags, const char *dev_name, void *data,
···
 
 extern void ihold(struct inode * inode);
 extern void iput(struct inode *);
-extern int generic_update_time(struct inode *, struct timespec64 *, int);
+int inode_update_timestamps(struct inode *inode, int flags);
+int generic_update_time(struct inode *, int);
 
 /* /sys/fs */
 extern struct kobject *fs_kobj;
···
 extern int page_symlink(struct inode *inode, const char *symname, int len);
 extern const struct inode_operations page_symlink_inode_operations;
 extern void kfree_link(void *);
-void generic_fillattr(struct mnt_idmap *, struct inode *, struct kstat *);
+void fill_mg_cmtime(struct kstat *stat, u32 request_mask, struct inode *inode);
+void generic_fillattr(struct mnt_idmap *, u32, struct inode *, struct kstat *);
 void generic_fill_statx_attr(struct inode *inode, struct kstat *stat);
 extern int vfs_getattr_nosec(const struct path *, struct kstat *, u32, unsigned int);
 extern int vfs_getattr(const struct path *, struct kstat *, u32, unsigned int);
···
 extern int simple_link(struct dentry *, struct inode *, struct dentry *);
 extern int simple_unlink(struct inode *, struct dentry *);
 extern int simple_rmdir(struct inode *, struct dentry *);
+void simple_rename_timestamp(struct inode *old_dir, struct dentry *old_dentry,
+			     struct inode *new_dir, struct dentry *new_dentry);
 extern int simple_rename_exchange(struct inode *old_dir, struct dentry *old_dentry,
 				  struct inode *new_dir, struct dentry *new_dentry);
 extern int simple_rename(struct mnt_idmap *, struct inode *,

include/linux/fs_stack.h

···
 {
 	dest->i_atime = src->i_atime;
 	dest->i_mtime = src->i_mtime;
-	dest->i_ctime = src->i_ctime;
+	inode_set_ctime_to_ts(dest, inode_get_ctime(src));
 }
 
 #endif /* _LINUX_FS_STACK_H */

ipc/mqueue.c

···
 	inode->i_mode = mode;
 	inode->i_uid = current_fsuid();
 	inode->i_gid = current_fsgid();
-	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = inode->i_atime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 
 	if (S_ISREG(mode)) {
 		struct mqueue_inode_info *info;
···
 
 	put_ipc_ns(ipc_ns);
 	dir->i_size += DIRENT_SIZE;
-	dir->i_ctime = dir->i_mtime = dir->i_atime = current_time(dir);
+	dir->i_mtime = dir->i_atime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 
 	d_instantiate(dentry, inode);
 	dget(dentry);
···
 {
 	struct inode *inode = d_inode(dentry);
 
-	dir->i_ctime = dir->i_mtime = dir->i_atime = current_time(dir);
+	dir->i_mtime = dir->i_atime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 	dir->i_size -= DIRENT_SIZE;
 	drop_nlink(inode);
 	dput(dentry);
···
 static ssize_t mqueue_read_file(struct file *filp, char __user *u_data,
 				size_t count, loff_t *off)
 {
-	struct mqueue_inode_info *info = MQUEUE_I(file_inode(filp));
+	struct inode *inode = file_inode(filp);
+	struct mqueue_inode_info *info = MQUEUE_I(inode);
 	char buffer[FILENT_SIZE];
 	ssize_t ret;
 
···
 	if (ret <= 0)
 		return ret;
 
-	file_inode(filp)->i_atime = file_inode(filp)->i_ctime = current_time(file_inode(filp));
+	inode->i_atime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	return ret;
 }
 
···
 				goto out_unlock;
 			__do_notify(info);
 		}
-		inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime =
-				current_time(inode);
+		inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	}
 out_unlock:
 	spin_unlock(&info->lock);
···
 
 		msg_ptr = msg_get(info);
 
-		inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime =
-				current_time(inode);
+		inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 
 		/* There is now free space in queue. */
 		pipelined_receive(&wake_q, info);
···
 	if (notification == NULL) {
 		if (info->notify_owner == task_tgid(current)) {
 			remove_notification(info);
-			inode->i_atime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+			inode->i_atime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 		}
 	} else if (info->notify_owner != NULL) {
 		ret = -EBUSY;
···
 
 		info->notify_owner = get_pid(task_tgid(current));
 		info->notify_user_ns = get_user_ns(current_user_ns());
-		inode->i_atime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+		inode->i_atime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	}
 	spin_unlock(&info->lock);
 out_fput:
···
 			f.file->f_flags &= ~O_NONBLOCK;
 		spin_unlock(&f.file->f_lock);
 
-		inode->i_atime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+		inode->i_atime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	}
 
 	spin_unlock(&info->lock);

kernel/bpf/inode.c

···
 		return ERR_PTR(-ENOSPC);
 
 	inode->i_ino = get_next_ino();
-	inode->i_atime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_atime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime;
-	inode->i_ctime = inode->i_atime;
 
 	inode_init_owner(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, dir, mode);
 
···
 	d_instantiate(dentry, inode);
 	dget(dentry);
 
-	dir->i_mtime = current_time(dir);
-	dir->i_ctime = dir->i_mtime;
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 }
 
 static int bpf_mkdir(struct mnt_idmap *idmap, struct inode *dir,

mm/shmem.c

···
 void shmem_truncate_range(struct inode *inode, loff_t lstart, loff_t lend)
 {
 	shmem_undo_range(inode, lstart, lend, false);
-	inode->i_ctime = inode->i_mtime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	inode_inc_iversion(inode);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(shmem_truncate_range);
···
 	stat->attributes_mask |= (STATX_ATTR_APPEND |
 			STATX_ATTR_IMMUTABLE |
 			STATX_ATTR_NODUMP);
-	generic_fillattr(idmap, inode, stat);
+	generic_fillattr(idmap, request_mask, inode, stat);
 
 	if (shmem_is_huge(inode, 0, false, NULL, 0))
 		stat->blksize = HPAGE_PMD_SIZE;
···
 	if (attr->ia_valid & ATTR_MODE)
 		error = posix_acl_chmod(idmap, dentry, inode->i_mode);
 	if (!error && update_ctime) {
-		inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+		inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 		if (update_mtime)
-			inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime;
+			inode->i_mtime = inode_get_ctime(inode);
 		inode_inc_iversion(inode);
 	}
 	return error;
···
 		inode->i_ino = ino;
 		inode_init_owner(idmap, inode, dir, mode);
 		inode->i_blocks = 0;
-		inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+		inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 		inode->i_generation = get_random_u32();
 		info = SHMEM_I(inode);
 		memset(info, 0, (char *)inode - (char *)info);
···
 
 		error = 0;
 		dir->i_size += BOGO_DIRENT_SIZE;
-		dir->i_ctime = dir->i_mtime = current_time(dir);
+		dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 		inode_inc_iversion(dir);
 		d_instantiate(dentry, inode);
 		dget(dentry); /* Extra count - pin the dentry in core */
···
 	}
 
 	dir->i_size += BOGO_DIRENT_SIZE;
-	inode->i_ctime = dir->i_ctime = dir->i_mtime = current_time(inode);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_to_ts(dir,
+					     inode_set_ctime_current(inode));
 	inode_inc_iversion(dir);
 	inc_nlink(inode);
 	ihold(inode);	/* New dentry reference */
···
 		shmem_free_inode(inode->i_sb);
 
 	dir->i_size -= BOGO_DIRENT_SIZE;
-	inode->i_ctime = dir->i_ctime = dir->i_mtime = current_time(inode);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_to_ts(dir,
+					     inode_set_ctime_current(inode));
 	inode_inc_iversion(dir);
 	drop_nlink(inode);
 	dput(dentry);	/* Undo the count from "create" - this does all the work */
···
 
 	old_dir->i_size -= BOGO_DIRENT_SIZE;
 	new_dir->i_size += BOGO_DIRENT_SIZE;
-	old_dir->i_ctime = old_dir->i_mtime =
-	new_dir->i_ctime = new_dir->i_mtime =
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(old_dir);
+	simple_rename_timestamp(old_dir, old_dentry, new_dir, new_dentry);
 	inode_inc_iversion(old_dir);
 	inode_inc_iversion(new_dir);
 	return 0;
···
 		folio_put(folio);
 	}
 	dir->i_size += BOGO_DIRENT_SIZE;
-	dir->i_ctime = dir->i_mtime = current_time(dir);
+	dir->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(dir);
 	inode_inc_iversion(dir);
 	d_instantiate(dentry, inode);
 	dget(dentry);
···
 		(fa->flags & SHMEM_FL_USER_MODIFIABLE);
 
 	shmem_set_inode_flags(inode, info->fsflags);
-	inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	inode_inc_iversion(inode);
 	return 0;
 }
···
 	name = xattr_full_name(handler, name);
 	err = simple_xattr_set(&info->xattrs, name, value, size, flags, NULL);
 	if (!err) {
-		inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+		inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 		inode_inc_iversion(inode);
 	}
 	return err;
···
 #endif
 	.kill_sb	= kill_litter_super,
 #ifdef CONFIG_SHMEM
-	.fs_flags	= FS_USERNS_MOUNT | FS_ALLOW_IDMAP,
+	.fs_flags	= FS_USERNS_MOUNT | FS_ALLOW_IDMAP | FS_MGTIME,
 #else
 	.fs_flags	= FS_USERNS_MOUNT,
 #endif

net/sunrpc/rpc_pipe.c

···
 		return NULL;
 	inode->i_ino = get_next_ino();
 	inode->i_mode = mode;
-	inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	switch (mode & S_IFMT) {
 	case S_IFDIR:
 		inode->i_fop = &simple_dir_operations;

security/apparmor/apparmorfs.c

···
 
 	inode->i_ino = get_next_ino();
 	inode->i_mode = mode;
-	inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	inode->i_private = data;
 	if (S_ISDIR(mode)) {
 		inode->i_op = iops ? iops : &simple_dir_inode_operations;
···
 
 	for (i = 0; i < AAFS_PROF_SIZEOF; i++) {
 		new->dents[i] = old->dents[i];
-		if (new->dents[i])
-			new->dents[i]->d_inode->i_mtime = current_time(new->dents[i]->d_inode);
+		if (new->dents[i]) {
+			struct inode *inode = d_inode(new->dents[i]);
+
+			inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
+		}
 		old->dents[i] = NULL;
 	}
 }
···
 
 	inode->i_ino = get_next_ino();
 	inode->i_mode = S_IFCHR | S_IRUGO | S_IWUGO;
-	inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	init_special_inode(inode, S_IFCHR | S_IRUGO | S_IWUGO,
 			   MKDEV(MEM_MAJOR, 3));
 	d_instantiate(dentry, inode);

security/apparmor/policy_unpack.c

···
 
 	data->revision = revision;
 	if ((data->dents[AAFS_LOADDATA_REVISION])) {
-		d_inode(data->dents[AAFS_LOADDATA_DIR])->i_mtime =
-			current_time(d_inode(data->dents[AAFS_LOADDATA_DIR]));
-		d_inode(data->dents[AAFS_LOADDATA_REVISION])->i_mtime =
-			current_time(d_inode(data->dents[AAFS_LOADDATA_REVISION]));
+		struct inode *inode;
+
+		inode = d_inode(data->dents[AAFS_LOADDATA_DIR]);
+		inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
+
+		inode = d_inode(data->dents[AAFS_LOADDATA_REVISION]);
+		inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	}
 }
 

security/inode.c

···
 
 	inode->i_ino = get_next_ino();
 	inode->i_mode = mode;
-	inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
+	inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
 	inode->i_private = data;
 	if (S_ISDIR(mode)) {
 		inode->i_op = &simple_dir_inode_operations;

security/selinux/selinuxfs.c

···
 
 	if (ret) {
 		ret->i_mode = mode;
-		ret->i_atime = ret->i_mtime = ret->i_ctime = current_time(ret);
+		ret->i_atime = ret->i_mtime = inode_set_ctime_current(ret);
 	}
 	return ret;
 }