A file that was opened before pps_gen_unregister_source() keeps pps_gen, and with it the pointer to the driver's pps_gen_source_info. PPS_GEN_SETENABLE and PPS_GEN_USESYSTEMCLOCK keep using that pointer after the driver has gone: - pps_gen_tio allocates its info with devm_kzalloc(), so after an unbind both ioctls read freed memory, and SETENABLE calls the driver's enable() with its freed private data. - pps_gen-dummy does not set info->owner, so it can be unloaded while the file is open, and the ioctls then read the unloaded module's data and call its code. TIO can't probe in a VM, as it needs ART. A test driver that registers its info in devm memory like TIO does, unbound while /dev/pps-gen0 is open, gives: BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in pps_gen_cdev_ioctl+0x4c1/0x580 Read of size 1 at addr ffff88800e647f38 by task ppsgen64/145 ... Freed by task 146: kfree+0x25a/0x6d0 release_nodes+0xd1/0x140 devres_release_all+0x10e/0x1a0 device_unbind_cleanup+0x71/0x250 device_release_driver_internal+0x41b/0x570 unbind_store+0xd9/0x100 and unloading pps_gen-dummy while its file is open oopses: BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: ffffffffa0203040 Oops: Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP KASAN NOPTI RIP: 0010:pps_gen_cdev_ioctl+0x372/0x580 Protect info in the ioctl handler with a mutex, and clear it under the mutex on unregister, so that unregister waits for the ioctls using it and later ones fail with -ENODEV. PPS_KC_BIND does the same for a removed PPS device since commit 3649f9a6b897 ("pps: don't allow PPS_KC_BIND on removed devices"). The sysfs attributes need nothing new: they are removed, and their callbacks drained, before info is cleared. Fixes: 86b525bed275 ("drivers pps: add PPS generators support") Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Assisted-by: LLM Signed-off-by: Danish Khateeb <danishkhateeb03@gmail.com> Acked-by: Rodolfo Giometti <giometti@enneenne.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260929124937.51114-3-danishkhateeb03@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>