perf tools: Add example call-graph script

Add a script to produce a call-graph from data exported to a postgresql
database and derived from a processor trace event like intel_pt or intel_bts.

Refer to comments in the scripts call-graph-from-postgresql.py and
export-to-postgresql.py for more details on how to set up the environment,
install the required packages, etc.

Committer note:

From the scripts, for convenience while reading 'git log':

An example of using this script with Intel PT:

$ perf record -e intel_pt//u ls
$ perf script -s ~/libexec/perf-core/scripts/python/export-to-postgresql.py pt_example branches calls
2015-05-29 12:49:23.464364 Creating database...
2015-05-29 12:49:26.281717 Writing to intermediate files...
2015-05-29 12:49:27.190383 Copying to database...
2015-05-29 12:49:28.140451 Removing intermediate files...
2015-05-29 12:49:28.147451 Adding primary keys
2015-05-29 12:49:28.655683 Adding foreign keys
2015-05-29 12:49:29.365350 Done
$ python tools/perf/scripts/python/call-graph-from-postgresql.py pt_example
# The result is a GUI window with a tree representing a context-sensitive
# call-graph. Expanding a couple of levels of the tree and adjusting column
# widths to suit will display something like:

Call Graph: pt_example
Call Path |Object |Count|Time(ns)|Time(%)|Branch Count|Branch Count(%)
v- ls
v- 2638:2638
v- _start ld-2.19.so 1 10074071 100.0 211135 100.0
|- unknown unknown 1 13198 0.1 1 0.0
>- _dl_start ld-2.19.so 1 1400980 13.9 19637 9.3
>- _d_linit_internal ld-2.19.so 1 448152 4.4 11094 5.3
v-__libc_start_main@plt ls 1 8211741 81.5 180397 85.4
>- _dl_fixup ld-2.19.so 1 7607 0.1 108 0.1
>- __cxa_atexit libc-2.19.so 1 11737 0.1 10 0.0
>- __libc_csu_init ls 1 10354 0.1 10 0.0
|- _setjmp libc-2.19.so 1 0 0.0 4 0.0
v- main ls 1 8182043 99.6 180254 99.9

Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <[e-mail]>
Tested-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <[e-mail]>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <[e-mail]>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[e-mail]
[ Added 'python-pyside qt-postgresql' to the yum cmdline installing required packages ]
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <[e-mail]>

tools/perf/scripts/python/call-graph-from-postgresql.py

···
+#!/usr/bin/python2
+# call-graph-from-postgresql.py: create call-graph from postgresql database
+# Copyright (c) 2014, Intel Corporation.
+#
+# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+# under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+# version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+# more details.
+
+# To use this script you will need to have exported data using the
+# export-to-postgresql.py script.  Refer to that script for details.
+#
+# Following on from the example in the export-to-postgresql.py script, a
+# call-graph can be displayed for the pt_example database like this:
+#
+#	python tools/perf/scripts/python/call-graph-from-postgresql.py pt_example
+#
+# Note this script supports connecting to remote databases by setting hostname,
+# port, username, password, and dbname e.g.
+#
+#	python tools/perf/scripts/python/call-graph-from-postgresql.py "hostname=myhost username=myuser password=mypassword dbname=pt_example"
+#
+# The result is a GUI window with a tree representing a context-sensitive
+# call-graph.  Expanding a couple of levels of the tree and adjusting column
+# widths to suit will display something like:
+#
+#                                         Call Graph: pt_example
+# Call Path                          Object      Count   Time(ns)  Time(%)  Branch Count   Branch Count(%)
+# v- ls
+#     v- 2638:2638
+#         v- _start                  ld-2.19.so    1     10074071   100.0         211135            100.0
+#           |- unknown               unknown       1        13198     0.1              1              0.0
+#           >- _dl_start             ld-2.19.so    1      1400980    13.9          19637              9.3
+#           >- _d_linit_internal     ld-2.19.so    1       448152     4.4          11094              5.3
+#           v-__libc_start_main@plt  ls            1      8211741    81.5         180397             85.4
+#              >- _dl_fixup          ld-2.19.so    1         7607     0.1            108              0.1
+#              >- __cxa_atexit       libc-2.19.so  1        11737     0.1             10              0.0
+#              >- __libc_csu_init    ls            1        10354     0.1             10              0.0
+#              |- _setjmp            libc-2.19.so  1            0     0.0              4              0.0
+#              v- main               ls            1      8182043    99.6         180254             99.9
+#
+# Points to note:
+#	The top level is a command name (comm)
+#	The next level is a thread (pid:tid)
+#	Subsequent levels are functions
+#	'Count' is the number of calls
+#	'Time' is the elapsed time until the function returns
+#	Percentages are relative to the level above
+#	'Branch Count' is the total number of branches for that function and all
+#       functions that it calls
+
+import sys
+from PySide.QtCore import *
+from PySide.QtGui import *
+from PySide.QtSql import *
+from decimal import *
+
+class TreeItem():
+
+	def __init__(self, db, row, parent_item):
+		self.db = db
+		self.row = row
+		self.parent_item = parent_item
+		self.query_done = False;
+		self.child_count = 0
+		self.child_items = []
+		self.data = ["", "", "", "", "", "", ""]
+		self.comm_id = 0
+		self.thread_id = 0
+		self.call_path_id = 1
+		self.branch_count = 0
+		self.time = 0
+		if not parent_item:
+			self.setUpRoot()
+
+	def setUpRoot(self):
+		self.query_done = True
+		query = QSqlQuery(self.db)
+		ret = query.exec_('SELECT id, comm FROM comms')
+		if not ret:
+			raise Exception("Query failed: " + query.lastError().text())
+		while query.next():
+			if not query.value(0):
+				continue
+			child_item = TreeItem(self.db, self.child_count, self)
+			self.child_items.append(child_item)
+			self.child_count += 1
+			child_item.setUpLevel1(query.value(0), query.value(1))
+
+	def setUpLevel1(self, comm_id, comm):
+		self.query_done = True;
+		self.comm_id = comm_id
+		self.data[0] = comm
+		self.child_items = []
+		self.child_count = 0
+		query = QSqlQuery(self.db)
+		ret = query.exec_('SELECT thread_id, ( SELECT pid FROM threads WHERE id = thread_id ), ( SELECT tid FROM threads WHERE id = thread_id ) FROM comm_threads WHERE comm_id = ' + str(comm_id))
+		if not ret:
+			raise Exception("Query failed: " + query.lastError().text())
+		while query.next():
+			child_item = TreeItem(self.db, self.child_count, self)
+			self.child_items.append(child_item)
+			self.child_count += 1
+			child_item.setUpLevel2(comm_id, query.value(0), query.value(1), query.value(2))
+
+	def setUpLevel2(self, comm_id, thread_id, pid, tid):
+		self.comm_id = comm_id
+		self.thread_id = thread_id
+		self.data[0] = str(pid) + ":" + str(tid)
+
+	def getChildItem(self, row):
+		return self.child_items[row]
+
+	def getParentItem(self):
+		return self.parent_item
+
+	def getRow(self):
+		return self.row
+
+	def timePercent(self, b):
+		if not self.time:
+			return "0.0"
+		x = (b * Decimal(100)) / self.time
+		return str(x.quantize(Decimal('.1'), rounding=ROUND_HALF_UP))
+
+	def branchPercent(self, b):
+		if not self.branch_count:
+			return "0.0"
+		x = (b * Decimal(100)) / self.branch_count
+		return str(x.quantize(Decimal('.1'), rounding=ROUND_HALF_UP))
+
+	def addChild(self, call_path_id, name, dso, count, time, branch_count):
+		child_item = TreeItem(self.db, self.child_count, self)
+		child_item.comm_id = self.comm_id
+		child_item.thread_id = self.thread_id
+		child_item.call_path_id = call_path_id
+		child_item.branch_count = branch_count
+		child_item.time = time
+		child_item.data[0] = name
+		if dso == "[kernel.kallsyms]":
+			dso = "[kernel]"
+		child_item.data[1] = dso
+		child_item.data[2] = str(count)
+		child_item.data[3] = str(time)
+		child_item.data[4] = self.timePercent(time)
+		child_item.data[5] = str(branch_count)
+		child_item.data[6] = self.branchPercent(branch_count)
+		self.child_items.append(child_item)
+		self.child_count += 1
+
+	def selectCalls(self):
+		self.query_done = True;
+		query = QSqlQuery(self.db)
+		ret = query.exec_('SELECT id, call_path_id, branch_count, call_time, return_time, '
+				  '( SELECT name FROM symbols WHERE id = ( SELECT symbol_id FROM call_paths WHERE id = call_path_id ) ), '
+				  '( SELECT short_name FROM dsos WHERE id = ( SELECT dso_id FROM symbols WHERE id = ( SELECT symbol_id FROM call_paths WHERE id = call_path_id ) ) ), '
+				  '( SELECT ip FROM call_paths where id = call_path_id ) '
+				  'FROM calls WHERE parent_call_path_id = ' + str(self.call_path_id) + ' AND comm_id = ' + str(self.comm_id) + ' AND thread_id = ' + str(self.thread_id) +
+				  'ORDER BY call_path_id')
+		if not ret:
+			raise Exception("Query failed: " + query.lastError().text())
+		last_call_path_id = 0
+		name = ""
+		dso = ""
+		count = 0
+		branch_count = 0
+		total_branch_count = 0
+		time = 0
+		total_time = 0
+		while query.next():
+			if query.value(1) == last_call_path_id:
+				count += 1
+				branch_count += query.value(2)
+				time += query.value(4) - query.value(3)
+			else:
+				if count:
+					self.addChild(last_call_path_id, name, dso, count, time, branch_count)
+				last_call_path_id = query.value(1)
+				name = query.value(5)
+				dso = query.value(6)
+				count = 1
+				total_branch_count += branch_count
+				total_time += time
+				branch_count = query.value(2)
+				time = query.value(4) - query.value(3)
+		if count:
+			self.addChild(last_call_path_id, name, dso, count, time, branch_count)
+		total_branch_count += branch_count
+		total_time += time
+		# Top level does not have time or branch count, so fix that here
+		if total_branch_count > self.branch_count:
+			self.branch_count = total_branch_count
+			if self.branch_count:
+				for child_item in self.child_items:
+					child_item.data[6] = self.branchPercent(child_item.branch_count)
+		if total_time > self.time:
+			self.time = total_time
+			if self.time:
+				for child_item in self.child_items:
+					child_item.data[4] = self.timePercent(child_item.time)
+
+	def childCount(self):
+		if not self.query_done:
+			self.selectCalls()
+		return self.child_count
+
+	def columnCount(self):
+		return 7
+
+	def columnHeader(self, column):
+		headers = ["Call Path", "Object", "Count ", "Time (ns) ", "Time (%) ", "Branch Count ", "Branch Count (%) "]
+		return headers[column]
+
+	def getData(self, column):
+		return self.data[column]
+
+class TreeModel(QAbstractItemModel):
+
+	def __init__(self, db, parent=None):
+		super(TreeModel, self).__init__(parent)
+		self.db = db
+		self.root = TreeItem(db, 0, None)
+
+	def columnCount(self, parent):
+		return self.root.columnCount()
+
+	def rowCount(self, parent):
+		if parent.isValid():
+			parent_item = parent.internalPointer()
+		else:
+			parent_item = self.root
+		return parent_item.childCount()
+
+	def headerData(self, section, orientation, role):
+		if role == Qt.TextAlignmentRole:
+			if section > 1:
+				return Qt.AlignRight
+		if role != Qt.DisplayRole:
+			return None
+		if orientation != Qt.Horizontal:
+			return None
+		return self.root.columnHeader(section)
+
+	def parent(self, child):
+		child_item = child.internalPointer()
+		if child_item is self.root:
+			return QModelIndex()
+		parent_item = child_item.getParentItem()
+		return self.createIndex(parent_item.getRow(), 0, parent_item)
+
+	def index(self, row, column, parent):
+		if parent.isValid():
+			parent_item = parent.internalPointer()
+		else:
+			parent_item = self.root
+		child_item = parent_item.getChildItem(row)
+		return self.createIndex(row, column, child_item)
+
+	def data(self, index, role):
+		if role == Qt.TextAlignmentRole:
+			if index.column() > 1:
+				return Qt.AlignRight
+		if role != Qt.DisplayRole:
+			return None
+		index_item = index.internalPointer()
+		return index_item.getData(index.column())
+
+class MainWindow(QMainWindow):
+
+	def __init__(self, db, dbname, parent=None):
+		super(MainWindow, self).__init__(parent)
+
+		self.setObjectName("MainWindow")
+		self.setWindowTitle("Call Graph: " + dbname)
+		self.move(100, 100)
+		self.resize(800, 600)
+		style = self.style()
+		icon = style.standardIcon(QStyle.SP_MessageBoxInformation)
+		self.setWindowIcon(icon);
+
+		self.model = TreeModel(db)
+
+		self.view = QTreeView()
+		self.view.setModel(self.model)
+
+		self.setCentralWidget(self.view)
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+	if (len(sys.argv) < 2):
+		print >> sys.stderr, "Usage is: call-graph-from-postgresql.py <database name>"
+		raise Exception("Too few arguments")
+
+	dbname = sys.argv[1]
+
+	db = QSqlDatabase.addDatabase('QPSQL')
+
+	opts = dbname.split()
+	for opt in opts:
+		if '=' in opt:
+			opt = opt.split('=')
+			if opt[0] == 'hostname':
+				db.setHostName(opt[1])
+			elif opt[0] == 'port':
+				db.setPort(int(opt[1]))
+			elif opt[0] == 'username':
+				db.setUserName(opt[1])
+			elif opt[0] == 'password':
+				db.setPassword(opt[1])
+			elif opt[0] == 'dbname':
+				dbname = opt[1]
+		else:
+			dbname = opt
+
+	db.setDatabaseName(dbname)
+	if not db.open():
+		raise Exception("Failed to open database " + dbname + " error: " + db.lastError().text())
+
+	app = QApplication(sys.argv)
+	window = MainWindow(db, dbname)
+	window.show()
+	err = app.exec_()
+	db.close()
+	sys.exit(err)

tools/perf/scripts/python/export-to-postgresql.py

···
 import struct
 import datetime
 
+# To use this script you will need to have installed package python-pyside which
+# provides LGPL-licensed Python bindings for Qt.  You will also need the package
+# libqt4-sql-psql for Qt postgresql support.
+#
+# The script assumes postgresql is running on the local machine and that the
+# user has postgresql permissions to create databases. Examples of installing
+# postgresql and adding such a user are:
+#
+# fedora:
+#
+#	$ sudo yum install postgresql postgresql-server python-pyside qt-postgresql
+#	$ sudo su - postgres -c initdb
+#	$ sudo service postgresql start
+#	$ sudo su - postgres
+#	$ createuser <your user id here>
+#	Shall the new role be a superuser? (y/n) y
+#
+# ubuntu:
+#
+#	$ sudo apt-get install postgresql
+#	$ sudo su - postgres
+#	$ createuser <your user id here>
+#	Shall the new role be a superuser? (y/n) y
+#
+# An example of using this script with Intel PT:
+#
+#	$ perf record -e intel_pt//u ls
+#	$ perf script -s ~/libexec/perf-core/scripts/python/export-to-postgresql.py pt_example branches calls
+#	2015-05-29 12:49:23.464364 Creating database...
+#	2015-05-29 12:49:26.281717 Writing to intermediate files...
+#	2015-05-29 12:49:27.190383 Copying to database...
+#	2015-05-29 12:49:28.140451 Removing intermediate files...
+#	2015-05-29 12:49:28.147451 Adding primary keys
+#	2015-05-29 12:49:28.655683 Adding foreign keys
+#	2015-05-29 12:49:29.365350 Done
+#
+# To browse the database, psql can be used e.g.
+#
+#	$ psql pt_example
+#	pt_example=# select * from samples_view where id < 100;
+#	pt_example=# \d+
+#	pt_example=# \d+ samples_view
+#	pt_example=# \q
+#
+# An example of using the database is provided by the script
+# call-graph-from-postgresql.py.  Refer to that script for details.
+
 from PySide.QtSql import *
 
 # Need to access PostgreSQL C library directly to use COPY FROM STDIN