libbpf: Handle GCC noreturn-turned-volatile quirk

Handle a GCC quirk of emitting extra volatile modifier in DWARF (and
subsequently preserved in BTF by pahole) for function pointers marked as
__attribute__((noreturn)). This was the way to mark such functions before GCC
2.5 added noreturn attribute. Drop such func_proto modifiers, similarly to how
it's done for array (also to handle GCC quirk/bug).

Such volatile attribute is emitted by GCC only, so existing selftests can't
express such test. Simple repro is like this (compiled with GCC + BTF
generated by pahole):

struct my_struct {
void __attribute__((noreturn)) (*fn)(int);
};
struct my_struct a;

Without this fix, output will be:

struct my_struct {
voidvolatile (*fn)(int);
};

With the fix:

struct my_struct {
void (*fn)(int);
};

Fixes: 351131b51c7a ("libbpf: add btf_dump API for BTF-to-C conversion")
Reported-by: Jean-Philippe Brucker <[e-mail]>
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <[e-mail]>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <[e-mail]>
Tested-by: Jean-Philippe Brucker <[e-mail]>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/[e-mail]

tools/lib/bpf/btf_dump.c

···
 	}
 }
 
+static void btf_dump_drop_mods(struct btf_dump *d, struct id_stack *decl_stack)
+{
+	const struct btf_type *t;
+	__u32 id;
+
+	while (decl_stack->cnt) {
+		id = decl_stack->ids[decl_stack->cnt - 1];
+		t = btf__type_by_id(d->btf, id);
+		if (!btf_is_mod(t))
+			return;
+		decl_stack->cnt--;
+	}
+}
+
 static void btf_dump_emit_name(const struct btf_dump *d,
 			       const char *name, bool last_was_ptr)
 {
···
 			 * a const/volatile modifier for array, so we are
 			 * going to silently skip them here.
 			 */
-			while (decls->cnt) {
-				next_id = decls->ids[decls->cnt - 1];
-				next_t = btf__type_by_id(d->btf, next_id);
-				if (btf_is_mod(next_t))
-					decls->cnt--;
-				else
-					break;
-			}
+			btf_dump_drop_mods(d, decls);
 
 			if (decls->cnt == 0) {
 				btf_dump_emit_name(d, fname, last_was_ptr);
···
 			__u16 vlen = btf_vlen(t);
 			int i;
 
-			btf_dump_emit_mods(d, decls);
+			/*
+			 * GCC emits extra volatile qualifier for
+			 * __attribute__((noreturn)) function pointers. Clang
+			 * doesn't do it. It's a GCC quirk for backwards
+			 * compatibility with code written for GCC <2.5. So,
+			 * similarly to extra qualifiers for array, just drop
+			 * them, instead of handling them.
+			 */
+			btf_dump_drop_mods(d, decls);
 			if (decls->cnt) {
 				btf_dump_printf(d, " (");
 				btf_dump_emit_type_chain(d, decls, fname, lvl);