sched,signal,ptrace: Rework TASK_TRACED, TASK_STOPPED state

Currently ptrace_stop() / do_signal_stop() rely on the special states
TASK_TRACED and TASK_STOPPED resp. to keep unique state. That is, this
state exists only in task->__state and nowhere else.

There's two spots of bother with this:

- PREEMPT_RT has task->saved_state which complicates matters,
meaning task_is_{traced,stopped}() needs to check an additional
variable.

- An alternative freezer implementation that itself relies on a
special TASK state would loose TASK_TRACED/TASK_STOPPED and will
result in misbehaviour.

As such, add additional state to task->jobctl to track this state
outside of task->__state.

NOTE: this doesn't actually fix anything yet, just adds extra state.

--EWB
* didn't add a unnecessary newline in signal.h
* Update t->jobctl in signal_wake_up and ptrace_signal_wake_up
instead of in signal_wake_up_state. This prevents the clearing
of TASK_STOPPED and TASK_TRACED from getting lost.
* Added warnings if JOBCTL_STOPPED or JOBCTL_TRACED are not cleared

Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <[e-mail]>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/[e-mail]
Tested-by: Kees Cook <[e-mail]>
Reviewed-by: Oleg Nesterov <[e-mail]>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/[e-mail]
Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <[e-mail]>

include/linux/sched.h

···
 
 #define task_is_running(task)		(READ_ONCE((task)->__state) == TASK_RUNNING)
 
-#define task_is_traced(task)		((READ_ONCE(task->__state) & __TASK_TRACED) != 0)
-
-#define task_is_stopped(task)		((READ_ONCE(task->__state) & __TASK_STOPPED) != 0)
-
-#define task_is_stopped_or_traced(task)	((READ_ONCE(task->__state) & (__TASK_STOPPED | __TASK_TRACED)) != 0)
+#define task_is_traced(task)		((READ_ONCE(task->jobctl) & JOBCTL_TRACED) != 0)
+#define task_is_stopped(task)		((READ_ONCE(task->jobctl) & JOBCTL_STOPPED) != 0)
+#define task_is_stopped_or_traced(task)	((READ_ONCE(task->jobctl) & (JOBCTL_STOPPED | JOBCTL_TRACED)) != 0)
 
 /*
  * Special states are those that do not use the normal wait-loop pattern. See

include/linux/sched/jobctl.h

···
 #define JOBCTL_TRAP_FREEZE_BIT	23	/* trap for cgroup freezer */
 #define JOBCTL_PTRACE_FROZEN_BIT	24	/* frozen for ptrace */
 
+#define JOBCTL_STOPPED_BIT	26	/* do_signal_stop() */
+#define JOBCTL_TRACED_BIT	27	/* ptrace_stop() */
+
 #define JOBCTL_STOP_DEQUEUED	(1UL << JOBCTL_STOP_DEQUEUED_BIT)
 #define JOBCTL_STOP_PENDING	(1UL << JOBCTL_STOP_PENDING_BIT)
 #define JOBCTL_STOP_CONSUME	(1UL << JOBCTL_STOP_CONSUME_BIT)
···
 #define JOBCTL_LISTENING	(1UL << JOBCTL_LISTENING_BIT)
 #define JOBCTL_TRAP_FREEZE	(1UL << JOBCTL_TRAP_FREEZE_BIT)
 #define JOBCTL_PTRACE_FROZEN	(1UL << JOBCTL_PTRACE_FROZEN_BIT)
+
+#define JOBCTL_STOPPED		(1UL << JOBCTL_STOPPED_BIT)
+#define JOBCTL_TRACED		(1UL << JOBCTL_TRACED_BIT)
 
 #define JOBCTL_TRAP_MASK	(JOBCTL_TRAP_STOP | JOBCTL_TRAP_NOTIFY)
 #define JOBCTL_PENDING_MASK	(JOBCTL_STOP_PENDING | JOBCTL_TRAP_MASK)

include/linux/sched/signal.h

···
 static inline void kernel_signal_stop(void)
 {
 	spin_lock_irq(&current->sighand->siglock);
-	if (current->jobctl & JOBCTL_STOP_DEQUEUED)
+	if (current->jobctl & JOBCTL_STOP_DEQUEUED) {
+		current->jobctl |= JOBCTL_STOPPED;
 		set_special_state(TASK_STOPPED);
+	}
 	spin_unlock_irq(&current->sighand->siglock);
 
 	schedule();
···
 
 static inline void signal_wake_up(struct task_struct *t, bool fatal)
 {
-	fatal = fatal && !(t->jobctl & JOBCTL_PTRACE_FROZEN);
-	signal_wake_up_state(t, fatal ? TASK_WAKEKILL | __TASK_TRACED : 0);
+	unsigned int state = 0;
+	if (fatal && !(t->jobctl & JOBCTL_PTRACE_FROZEN)) {
+		t->jobctl &= ~(JOBCTL_STOPPED | JOBCTL_TRACED);
+		state = TASK_WAKEKILL | __TASK_TRACED;
+	}
+	signal_wake_up_state(t, state);
 }
 static inline void ptrace_signal_wake_up(struct task_struct *t, bool resume)
 {
-	signal_wake_up_state(t, resume ? __TASK_TRACED : 0);
+	unsigned int state = 0;
+	if (resume) {
+		t->jobctl &= ~JOBCTL_TRACED;
+		state = __TASK_TRACED;
+	}
+	signal_wake_up_state(t, state);
 }
 
 void task_join_group_stop(struct task_struct *task);

kernel/ptrace.c

···
 	return true;
 }
 
-/* Ensure that nothing can wake it up, even SIGKILL */
+/*
+ * Ensure that nothing can wake it up, even SIGKILL
+ *
+ * A task is switched to this state while a ptrace operation is in progress;
+ * such that the ptrace operation is uninterruptible.
+ */
 static bool ptrace_freeze_traced(struct task_struct *task)
 {
 	bool ret = false;
···
 	 */
 	if (lock_task_sighand(task, &flags)) {
 		task->jobctl &= ~JOBCTL_PTRACE_FROZEN;
-		if (__fatal_signal_pending(task))
+		if (__fatal_signal_pending(task)) {
+			task->jobctl &= ~TASK_TRACED;
 			wake_up_state(task, __TASK_TRACED);
+		}
 		unlock_task_sighand(task, &flags);
 	}
 }
···
 	 * in and out of STOPPED are protected by siglock.
 	 */
 	if (task_is_stopped(task) &&
-	    task_set_jobctl_pending(task, JOBCTL_TRAP_STOP | JOBCTL_TRAPPING))
+	    task_set_jobctl_pending(task, JOBCTL_TRAP_STOP | JOBCTL_TRAPPING)) {
+		task->jobctl &= ~JOBCTL_STOPPED;
 		signal_wake_up_state(task, __TASK_STOPPED);
+	}
 
 	spin_unlock(&task->sighand->siglock);
 
···
 	 */
 	spin_lock_irq(&child->sighand->siglock);
 	child->exit_code = data;
+	child->jobctl &= ~JOBCTL_TRACED;
 	wake_up_state(child, __TASK_TRACED);
 	spin_unlock_irq(&child->sighand->siglock);
 

kernel/signal.c

···
  */
 void signal_wake_up_state(struct task_struct *t, unsigned int state)
 {
+	lockdep_assert_held(&t->sighand->siglock);
+
 	set_tsk_thread_flag(t, TIF_SIGPENDING);
+
 	/*
 	 * TASK_WAKEKILL also means wake it up in the stopped/traced/killable
 	 * case. We don't check t->state here because there is a race with it
···
 		for_each_thread(p, t) {
 			flush_sigqueue_mask(&flush, &t->pending);
 			task_clear_jobctl_pending(t, JOBCTL_STOP_PENDING);
-			if (likely(!(t->ptrace & PT_SEIZED)))
+			if (likely(!(t->ptrace & PT_SEIZED))) {
+				t->jobctl &= ~JOBCTL_STOPPED;
 				wake_up_state(t, __TASK_STOPPED);
-			else
+			} else
 				ptrace_trap_notify(t);
 		}
 
···
 		return exit_code;
 
 	set_special_state(TASK_TRACED);
+	current->jobctl |= JOBCTL_TRACED;
 
 	/*
 	 * We're committing to trapping.  TRACED should be visible before
···
 		if (task_participate_group_stop(current))
 			notify = CLD_STOPPED;
 
+		current->jobctl |= JOBCTL_STOPPED;
 		set_special_state(TASK_STOPPED);
 		spin_unlock_irq(&current->sighand->siglock);