tmpfs,xattr: enable limited user extended attributes

Enable "user." extended attributes on tmpfs, limiting them by tracking
the space they occupy, and deducting that space from the limited ispace
(unless tmpfs mounted with nr_inodes=0 to leave that ispace unlimited).

tmpfs inodes and simple xattrs are both unswappable, and have to be in
lowmem on a 32-bit highmem kernel: so the ispace limit is appropriate
for xattrs, without any need for a further mount option.

Add simple_xattr_space() to give approximate but deterministic estimate
of the space taken up by each xattr: with simple_xattrs_free() outputting
the space freed if required (but kernfs and even some tmpfs usages do not
require that, so don't waste time on strlen'ing if not needed).

Security and trusted xattrs were already supported: for consistency and
simplicity, account them from the same pool; though there's a small risk
that a tmpfs with enough space before would now be considered too small.

When extended attributes are used, "df -i" does show more IUsed and less
IFree than can be explained by the inodes: document that (manpage later).

xfstests tests/generic which were not run on tmpfs before but now pass:
020 037 062 070 077 097 103 117 337 377 454 486 523 533 611 618 728
with no new failures.

Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <[e-mail]>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <[e-mail]>
Reviewed-by: Carlos Maiolino <[e-mail]>
Message-Id: <[e-mail]>
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <[e-mail]>

Documentation/filesystems/tmpfs.rst

···
 fly using a remount ('mount -o remount ...') of the filesystem. A tmpfs
 filesystem can be resized but it cannot be resized to a size below its current
 usage. tmpfs also supports POSIX ACLs, and extended attributes for the
-trusted.* and security.* namespaces. ramfs does not use swap and you cannot
-modify any parameter for a ramfs filesystem. The size limit of a ramfs
+trusted.*, security.* and user.* namespaces. ramfs does not use swap and you
+cannot modify any parameter for a ramfs filesystem. The size limit of a ramfs
 filesystem is how much memory you have available, and so care must be taken if
 used so to not run out of memory.
 
···
 mount with such options, since it allows any user with write access to
 use up all the memory on the machine; but enhances the scalability of
 that instance in a system with many CPUs making intensive use of it.
+
+If nr_inodes is not 0, that limited space for inodes is also used up by
+extended attributes: "df -i"'s IUsed and IUse% increase, IFree decreases.
 
 tmpfs blocks may be swapped out, when there is a shortage of memory.
 tmpfs has a mount option to disable its use of swap:

fs/Kconfig

···
 	  Extended attributes are name:value pairs associated with inodes by
 	  the kernel or by users (see the attr(5) manual page for details).
 
-	  Currently this enables support for the trusted.* and
-	  security.* namespaces.
+	  This enables support for the trusted.*, security.* and user.*
+	  namespaces.
 
 	  You need this for POSIX ACL support on tmpfs.
 

fs/kernfs/dir.c

···
 	kfree_const(kn->name);
 
 	if (kn->iattr) {
-		simple_xattrs_free(&kn->iattr->xattrs);
+		simple_xattrs_free(&kn->iattr->xattrs, NULL);
 		kmem_cache_free(kernfs_iattrs_cache, kn->iattr);
 	}
 	spin_lock(&kernfs_idr_lock);

fs/xattr.c

···
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(xattr_full_name);
 
 /**
+ * simple_xattr_space - estimate the memory used by a simple xattr
+ * @name: the full name of the xattr
+ * @size: the size of its value
+ *
+ * This takes no account of how much larger the two slab objects actually are:
+ * that would depend on the slab implementation, when what is required is a
+ * deterministic number, which grows with name length and size and quantity.
+ *
+ * Return: The approximate number of bytes of memory used by such an xattr.
+ */
+size_t simple_xattr_space(const char *name, size_t size)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Use "40" instead of sizeof(struct simple_xattr), to return the
+	 * same result on 32-bit and 64-bit, and even if simple_xattr grows.
+	 */
+	return 40 + size + strlen(name);
+}
+
+/**
  * simple_xattr_free - free an xattr object
  * @xattr: the xattr object
  *
···
 /**
  * simple_xattrs_free - free xattrs
  * @xattrs: xattr header whose xattrs to destroy
+ * @freed_space: approximate number of bytes of memory freed from @xattrs
  *
  * Destroy all xattrs in @xattr. When this is called no one can hold a
  * reference to any of the xattrs anymore.
  */
-void simple_xattrs_free(struct simple_xattrs *xattrs)
+void simple_xattrs_free(struct simple_xattrs *xattrs, size_t *freed_space)
 {
 	struct rb_node *rbp;
 
+	if (freed_space)
+		*freed_space = 0;
 	rbp = rb_first(&xattrs->rb_root);
 	while (rbp) {
 		struct simple_xattr *xattr;
···
 		rbp_next = rb_next(rbp);
 		xattr = rb_entry(rbp, struct simple_xattr, rb_node);
 		rb_erase(&xattr->rb_node, &xattrs->rb_root);
+		if (freed_space)
+			*freed_space += simple_xattr_space(xattr->name,
+							   xattr->size);
 		simple_xattr_free(xattr);
 		rbp = rbp_next;
 	}

include/linux/xattr.h

···
 };
 
 void simple_xattrs_init(struct simple_xattrs *xattrs);
-void simple_xattrs_free(struct simple_xattrs *xattrs);
+void simple_xattrs_free(struct simple_xattrs *xattrs, size_t *freed_space);
+size_t simple_xattr_space(const char *name, size_t size);
 struct simple_xattr *simple_xattr_alloc(const void *value, size_t size);
 void simple_xattr_free(struct simple_xattr *xattr);
 int simple_xattr_get(struct simple_xattrs *xattrs, const char *name,

mm/shmem.c

···
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void shmem_free_inode(struct super_block *sb)
+static void shmem_free_inode(struct super_block *sb, size_t freed_ispace)
 {
 	struct shmem_sb_info *sbinfo = SHMEM_SB(sb);
 	if (sbinfo->max_inodes) {
 		raw_spin_lock(&sbinfo->stat_lock);
-		sbinfo->free_ispace += BOGO_INODE_SIZE;
+		sbinfo->free_ispace += BOGO_INODE_SIZE + freed_ispace;
 		raw_spin_unlock(&sbinfo->stat_lock);
 	}
 }
···
 {
 	struct shmem_inode_info *info = SHMEM_I(inode);
 	struct shmem_sb_info *sbinfo = SHMEM_SB(inode->i_sb);
+	size_t freed = 0;
 
 	if (shmem_mapping(inode->i_mapping)) {
 		shmem_unacct_size(info->flags, inode->i_size);
···
 		}
 	}
 
-	simple_xattrs_free(&info->xattrs);
+	simple_xattrs_free(&info->xattrs, sbinfo->max_inodes ? &freed : NULL);
+	shmem_free_inode(inode->i_sb, freed);
 	WARN_ON(inode->i_blocks);
-	shmem_free_inode(inode->i_sb);
 	clear_inode(inode);
 #ifdef CONFIG_TMPFS_QUOTA
 	dquot_free_inode(inode);
···
 	inode = new_inode(sb);
 
 	if (!inode) {
-		shmem_free_inode(sb);
+		shmem_free_inode(sb, 0);
 		return ERR_PTR(-ENOSPC);
 	}
 
···
 	ret = simple_offset_add(shmem_get_offset_ctx(dir), dentry);
 	if (ret) {
 		if (inode->i_nlink)
-			shmem_free_inode(inode->i_sb);
+			shmem_free_inode(inode->i_sb, 0);
 		goto out;
 	}
 
···
 	struct inode *inode = d_inode(dentry);
 
 	if (inode->i_nlink > 1 && !S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode))
-		shmem_free_inode(inode->i_sb);
+		shmem_free_inode(inode->i_sb, 0);
 
 	simple_offset_remove(shmem_get_offset_ctx(dir), dentry);
 
···
 			    void *fs_info)
 {
 	struct shmem_inode_info *info = SHMEM_I(inode);
+	struct shmem_sb_info *sbinfo = SHMEM_SB(inode->i_sb);
 	const struct xattr *xattr;
 	struct simple_xattr *new_xattr;
+	size_t ispace = 0;
 	size_t len;
+
+	if (sbinfo->max_inodes) {
+		for (xattr = xattr_array; xattr->name != NULL; xattr++) {
+			ispace += simple_xattr_space(xattr->name,
+				xattr->value_len + XATTR_SECURITY_PREFIX_LEN);
+		}
+		if (ispace) {
+			raw_spin_lock(&sbinfo->stat_lock);
+			if (sbinfo->free_ispace < ispace)
+				ispace = 0;
+			else
+				sbinfo->free_ispace -= ispace;
+			raw_spin_unlock(&sbinfo->stat_lock);
+			if (!ispace)
+				return -ENOSPC;
+		}
+	}
 
 	for (xattr = xattr_array; xattr->name != NULL; xattr++) {
 		new_xattr = simple_xattr_alloc(xattr->value, xattr->value_len);
 		if (!new_xattr)
-			return -ENOMEM;
+			break;
 
 		len = strlen(xattr->name) + 1;
 		new_xattr->name = kmalloc(XATTR_SECURITY_PREFIX_LEN + len,
 					  GFP_KERNEL);
 		if (!new_xattr->name) {
 			kvfree(new_xattr);
-			return -ENOMEM;
+			break;
 		}
 
 		memcpy(new_xattr->name, XATTR_SECURITY_PREFIX,
···
 		       xattr->name, len);
 
 		simple_xattr_add(&info->xattrs, new_xattr);
+	}
+
+	if (xattr->name != NULL) {
+		if (ispace) {
+			raw_spin_lock(&sbinfo->stat_lock);
+			sbinfo->free_ispace += ispace;
+			raw_spin_unlock(&sbinfo->stat_lock);
+		}
+		simple_xattrs_free(&info->xattrs, NULL);
+		return -ENOMEM;
 	}
 
 	return 0;
···
 				   size_t size, int flags)
 {
 	struct shmem_inode_info *info = SHMEM_I(inode);
+	struct shmem_sb_info *sbinfo = SHMEM_SB(inode->i_sb);
 	struct simple_xattr *old_xattr;
+	size_t ispace = 0;
 
 	name = xattr_full_name(handler, name);
+	if (value && sbinfo->max_inodes) {
+		ispace = simple_xattr_space(name, size);
+		raw_spin_lock(&sbinfo->stat_lock);
+		if (sbinfo->free_ispace < ispace)
+			ispace = 0;
+		else
+			sbinfo->free_ispace -= ispace;
+		raw_spin_unlock(&sbinfo->stat_lock);
+		if (!ispace)
+			return -ENOSPC;
+	}
+
 	old_xattr = simple_xattr_set(&info->xattrs, name, value, size, flags);
 	if (!IS_ERR(old_xattr)) {
+		ispace = 0;
+		if (old_xattr && sbinfo->max_inodes)
+			ispace = simple_xattr_space(old_xattr->name,
+						    old_xattr->size);
 		simple_xattr_free(old_xattr);
 		old_xattr = NULL;
 		inode->i_ctime = current_time(inode);
 		inode_inc_iversion(inode);
+	}
+	if (ispace) {
+		raw_spin_lock(&sbinfo->stat_lock);
+		sbinfo->free_ispace += ispace;
+		raw_spin_unlock(&sbinfo->stat_lock);
 	}
 	return PTR_ERR(old_xattr);
 }
···
 	.set = shmem_xattr_handler_set,
 };
 
+static const struct xattr_handler shmem_user_xattr_handler = {
+	.prefix = XATTR_USER_PREFIX,
+	.get = shmem_xattr_handler_get,
+	.set = shmem_xattr_handler_set,
+};
+
 static const struct xattr_handler *shmem_xattr_handlers[] = {
 	&shmem_security_xattr_handler,
 	&shmem_trusted_xattr_handler,
+	&shmem_user_xattr_handler,
 	NULL
 };