fpga: bridge: add owner module and take its refcount

The current implementation of the fpga bridge assumes that the low-level
module registers a driver for the parent device and uses its owner pointer
to take the module's refcount. This approach is problematic since it can
lead to a null pointer dereference while attempting to get the bridge if
the parent device does not have a driver.

To address this problem, add a module owner pointer to the fpga_bridge
struct and use it to take the module's refcount. Modify the function for
registering a bridge to take an additional owner module parameter and
rename it to avoid conflicts. Use the old function name for a helper macro
that automatically sets the module that registers the bridge as the owner.
This ensures compatibility with existing low-level control modules and
reduces the chances of registering a bridge without setting the owner.

Also, update the documentation to keep it consistent with the new interface
for registering an fpga bridge.

Other changes: opportunistically move put_device() from __fpga_bridge_get()
to fpga_bridge_get() and of_fpga_bridge_get() to improve code clarity since
the bridge device is taken in these functions.

Fixes: 21aeda950c5f ("fpga: add fpga bridge framework")
Suggested-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <[e-mail]>
Suggested-by: Xu Yilun <[e-mail]>
Reviewed-by: Russ Weight <[e-mail]>
Signed-off-by: Marco Pagani <[e-mail]>
Acked-by: Xu Yilun <[e-mail]>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/[e-mail]
Signed-off-by: Xu Yilun <[e-mail]>

Documentation/driver-api/fpga/fpga-bridge.rst

···
 
 * struct fpga_bridge - The FPGA Bridge structure
 * struct fpga_bridge_ops - Low level Bridge driver ops
-* fpga_bridge_register() - Create and register a bridge
+* __fpga_bridge_register() - Create and register a bridge
 * fpga_bridge_unregister() - Unregister a bridge
+
+The helper macro ``fpga_bridge_register()`` automatically sets
+the module that registers the FPGA bridge as the owner.
 
 .. kernel-doc:: include/linux/fpga/fpga-bridge.h
    :functions: fpga_bridge
···
    :functions: fpga_bridge_ops
 
 .. kernel-doc:: drivers/fpga/fpga-bridge.c
-   :functions: fpga_bridge_register
+   :functions: __fpga_bridge_register
 
 .. kernel-doc:: drivers/fpga/fpga-bridge.c
    :functions: fpga_bridge_unregister

drivers/fpga/fpga-bridge.c

···
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(fpga_bridge_disable);
 
-static struct fpga_bridge *__fpga_bridge_get(struct device *dev,
+static struct fpga_bridge *__fpga_bridge_get(struct device *bridge_dev,
 					     struct fpga_image_info *info)
 {
 	struct fpga_bridge *bridge;
-	int ret = -ENODEV;
 
-	bridge = to_fpga_bridge(dev);
+	bridge = to_fpga_bridge(bridge_dev);
 
 	bridge->info = info;
 
-	if (!mutex_trylock(&bridge->mutex)) {
-		ret = -EBUSY;
-		goto err_dev;
-	}
+	if (!mutex_trylock(&bridge->mutex))
+		return ERR_PTR(-EBUSY);
 
-	if (!try_module_get(dev->parent->driver->owner))
-		goto err_ll_mod;
+	if (!try_module_get(bridge->br_ops_owner)) {
+		mutex_unlock(&bridge->mutex);
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENODEV);
+	}
 
 	dev_dbg(&bridge->dev, "get\n");
 
 	return bridge;
-
-err_ll_mod:
-	mutex_unlock(&bridge->mutex);
-err_dev:
-	put_device(dev);
-	return ERR_PTR(ret);
 }
 
 /**
···
 struct fpga_bridge *of_fpga_bridge_get(struct device_node *np,
 				       struct fpga_image_info *info)
 {
-	struct device *dev;
+	struct fpga_bridge *bridge;
+	struct device *bridge_dev;
 
-	dev = class_find_device_by_of_node(&fpga_bridge_class, np);
-	if (!dev)
+	bridge_dev = class_find_device_by_of_node(&fpga_bridge_class, np);
+	if (!bridge_dev)
 		return ERR_PTR(-ENODEV);
 
-	return __fpga_bridge_get(dev, info);
+	bridge = __fpga_bridge_get(bridge_dev, info);
+	if (IS_ERR(bridge))
+		put_device(bridge_dev);
+
+	return bridge;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(of_fpga_bridge_get);
 
···
 struct fpga_bridge *fpga_bridge_get(struct device *dev,
 				    struct fpga_image_info *info)
 {
+	struct fpga_bridge *bridge;
 	struct device *bridge_dev;
 
 	bridge_dev = class_find_device(&fpga_bridge_class, NULL, dev,
···
 	if (!bridge_dev)
 		return ERR_PTR(-ENODEV);
 
-	return __fpga_bridge_get(bridge_dev, info);
+	bridge = __fpga_bridge_get(bridge_dev, info);
+	if (IS_ERR(bridge))
+		put_device(bridge_dev);
+
+	return bridge;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(fpga_bridge_get);
 
···
 	dev_dbg(&bridge->dev, "put\n");
 
 	bridge->info = NULL;
-	module_put(bridge->dev.parent->driver->owner);
+	module_put(bridge->br_ops_owner);
 	mutex_unlock(&bridge->mutex);
 	put_device(&bridge->dev);
 }
···
 ATTRIBUTE_GROUPS(fpga_bridge);
 
 /**
- * fpga_bridge_register - create and register an FPGA Bridge device
+ * __fpga_bridge_register - create and register an FPGA Bridge device
  * @parent:	FPGA bridge device from pdev
  * @name:	FPGA bridge name
  * @br_ops:	pointer to structure of fpga bridge ops
  * @priv:	FPGA bridge private data
+ * @owner:	owner module containing the br_ops
  *
  * Return: struct fpga_bridge pointer or ERR_PTR()
  */
 struct fpga_bridge *
-fpga_bridge_register(struct device *parent, const char *name,
-		     const struct fpga_bridge_ops *br_ops,
-		     void *priv)
+__fpga_bridge_register(struct device *parent, const char *name,
+		       const struct fpga_bridge_ops *br_ops,
+		       void *priv, struct module *owner)
 {
 	struct fpga_bridge *bridge;
 	int id, ret;
···
 
 	bridge->name = name;
 	bridge->br_ops = br_ops;
+	bridge->br_ops_owner = owner;
 	bridge->priv = priv;
 
 	bridge->dev.groups = br_ops->groups;
···
 
 	return ERR_PTR(ret);
 }
-EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(fpga_bridge_register);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__fpga_bridge_register);
 
 /**
  * fpga_bridge_unregister - unregister an FPGA bridge

include/linux/fpga/fpga-bridge.h

···
  * @dev: FPGA bridge device
  * @mutex: enforces exclusive reference to bridge
  * @br_ops: pointer to struct of FPGA bridge ops
+ * @br_ops_owner: module containing the br_ops
  * @info: fpga image specific information
  * @node: FPGA bridge list node
  * @priv: low level driver private date
···
 	struct device dev;
 	struct mutex mutex; /* for exclusive reference to bridge */
 	const struct fpga_bridge_ops *br_ops;
+	struct module *br_ops_owner;
 	struct fpga_image_info *info;
 	struct list_head node;
 	void *priv;
···
 			       struct fpga_image_info *info,
 			       struct list_head *bridge_list);
 
+#define fpga_bridge_register(parent, name, br_ops, priv) \
+	__fpga_bridge_register(parent, name, br_ops, priv, THIS_MODULE)
 struct fpga_bridge *
-fpga_bridge_register(struct device *parent, const char *name,
-		     const struct fpga_bridge_ops *br_ops,
-		     void *priv);
+__fpga_bridge_register(struct device *parent, const char *name,
+		       const struct fpga_bridge_ops *br_ops, void *priv,
+		       struct module *owner);
 void fpga_bridge_unregister(struct fpga_bridge *br);
 
 #endif /* _LINUX_FPGA_BRIDGE_H */