zram: idle writeback fixes and cleanup

This patch includes some fixes and cleanup for idle-page writeback.

1. writeback_limit interface

Now writeback_limit interface is rather conusing. For example, once
writeback limit budget is exausted, admin can see 0 from
/sys/block/zramX/writeback_limit which is same semantic with disable
writeback_limit at this moment. IOW, admin cannot tell that zero came
from disable writeback limit or exausted writeback limit.

To make the interface clear, let's sepatate enable of writeback limit to
another knob - /sys/block/zram0/writeback_limit_enable

* before:
while true :
# to re-enable writeback limit once previous one is used up
echo 0 > /sys/block/zram0/writeback_limit
echo $((200<<20)) > /sys/block/zram0/writeback_limit
..
.. # used up the writeback limit budget

* new
# To enable writeback limit, from the beginning, admin should
# enable it.
echo $((200<<20)) > /sys/block/zram0/writeback_limit
echo 1 > /sys/block/zram/0/writeback_limit_enable
while true :
echo $((200<<20)) > /sys/block/zram0/writeback_limit
..
.. # used up the writeback limit budget

It's much strightforward.

2. fix condition check idle/huge writeback mode check

The mode in writeback_store is not bit opeartion any more so no need to
use bit operations. Furthermore, current condition check is broken in
that it does writeback every pages regardless of huge/idle.

3. clean up idle_store

No need to use goto.

[[e-mail]: missed spin_lock_init]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[e-mail]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[e-mail]
Signed-off-by: Minchan Kim <[e-mail]>
Suggested-by: John Dias <[e-mail]>
Cc: Sergey Senozhatsky <[e-mail]>
Cc: John Dias <[e-mail]>
Cc: Srinivas Paladugu <[e-mail]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[e-mail]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[e-mail]>

Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-block-zram

···
 		statistics (bd_count, bd_reads, bd_writes) in a format
 		similar to block layer statistics file format.
 
+What:		/sys/block/zram<id>/writeback_limit_enable
+Date:		November 2018
+Contact:	Minchan Kim <[e-mail]>
+Description:
+		The writeback_limit_enable file is read-write and specifies
+		eanbe of writeback_limit feature. "1" means eable the feature.
+		No limit "0" is the initial state.
+
 What:		/sys/block/zram<id>/writeback_limit
 Date:		November 2018
 Contact:	Minchan Kim <[e-mail]>
 Description:
 		The writeback_limit file is read-write and specifies the maximum
 		amount of writeback ZRAM can do. The limit could be changed
-		in run time and "0" means disable the limit.
-		No limit is the initial state.
+		in run time.

Documentation/blockdev/zram.txt

···
 A brief description of exported device attributes. For more details please
 read Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-block-zram.
 
-Name            access            description
-----            ------            -----------
-disksize          RW    show and set the device's disk size
-initstate         RO    shows the initialization state of the device
-reset             WO    trigger device reset
-mem_used_max      WO    reset the `mem_used_max' counter (see later)
-mem_limit         WO    specifies the maximum amount of memory ZRAM can use
-                        to store the compressed data
-writeback_limit   WO    specifies the maximum amount of write IO zram can
-			write out to backing device as 4KB unit
-max_comp_streams  RW    the number of possible concurrent compress operations
-comp_algorithm    RW    show and change the compression algorithm
-compact           WO    trigger memory compaction
-debug_stat        RO    this file is used for zram debugging purposes
-backing_dev	  RW	set up backend storage for zram to write out
-idle		  WO	mark allocated slot as idle
+Name            	access            description
+----            	------            -----------
+disksize          	RW	show and set the device's disk size
+initstate         	RO	shows the initialization state of the device
+reset             	WO	trigger device reset
+mem_used_max      	WO	reset the `mem_used_max' counter (see later)
+mem_limit         	WO	specifies the maximum amount of memory ZRAM can use
+				to store the compressed data
+writeback_limit   	WO	specifies the maximum amount of write IO zram can
+				write out to backing device as 4KB unit
+writeback_limit_enable  RW	show and set writeback_limit feature
+max_comp_streams  	RW	the number of possible concurrent compress operations
+comp_algorithm    	RW	show and change the compression algorithm
+compact           	WO	trigger memory compaction
+debug_stat        	RO	this file is used for zram debugging purposes
+backing_dev	  	RW	set up backend storage for zram to write out
+idle		  	WO	mark allocated slot as idle
 
 
 User space is advised to use the following files to read the device statistics.
···
 If there are lots of write IO with flash device, potentially, it has
 flash wearout problem so that admin needs to design write limitation
 to guarantee storage health for entire product life.
-To overcome the concern, zram supports "writeback_limit".
-The "writeback_limit"'s default value is 0 so that it doesn't limit
-any writeback. If admin want to measure writeback count in a certain
-period, he could know it via /sys/block/zram0/bd_stat's 3rd column.
+
+To overcome the concern, zram supports "writeback_limit" feature.
+The "writeback_limit_enable"'s default value is 0 so that it doesn't limit
+any writeback. IOW, if admin want to apply writeback budget, he should
+enable writeback_limit_enable via
+
+	$ echo 1 > /sys/block/zramX/writeback_limit_enable
+
+Once writeback_limit_enable is set, zram doesn't allow any writeback
+until admin set the budget via /sys/block/zramX/writeback_limit.
+
+(If admin doesn't enable writeback_limit_enable, writeback_limit's value
+assigned via /sys/block/zramX/writeback_limit is meaninless.)
 
 If admin want to limit writeback as per-day 400M, he could do it
 like below.
 
-    MB_SHIFT=20
-    4K_SHIFT=12
-    echo $((400<<MB_SHIFT>>4K_SHIFT)) > \
-	    /sys/block/zram0/writeback_limit.
+	$ MB_SHIFT=20
+	$ 4K_SHIFT=12
+	$ echo $((400<<MB_SHIFT>>4K_SHIFT)) > \
+		/sys/block/zram0/writeback_limit.
+	$ echo 1 > /sys/block/zram0/writeback_limit_enable
 
-If admin want to allow further write again, he could do it like below
+If admin want to allow further write again once the bugdet is exausted,
+he could do it like below
 
-    echo 0 > /sys/block/zram0/writeback_limit
+	$ echo $((400<<MB_SHIFT>>4K_SHIFT)) > \
+		/sys/block/zram0/writeback_limit
 
 If admin want to see remaining writeback budget since he set,
 
-    cat /sys/block/zram0/writeback_limit
+	$ cat /sys/block/zramX/writeback_limit
+
+If admin want to disable writeback limit, he could do
+
+	$ echo 0 > /sys/block/zramX/writeback_limit_enable
 
 The writeback_limit count will reset whenever you reset zram(e.g.,
 system reboot, echo 1 > /sys/block/zramX/reset) so keeping how many of
 writeback happened until you reset the zram to allocate extra writeback
 budget in next setting is user's job.
+
+If admin want to measure writeback count in a certain period, he could
+know it via /sys/block/zram0/bd_stat's 3rd column.
 
 = memory tracking
 

drivers/block/zram/zram_drv.c

···
 		 * See the comment in writeback_store.
 		 */
 		zram_slot_lock(zram, index);
-		if (!zram_allocated(zram, index) ||
-				zram_test_flag(zram, index, ZRAM_UNDER_WB))
-			goto next;
-		zram_set_flag(zram, index, ZRAM_IDLE);
-next:
+		if (zram_allocated(zram, index) &&
+				!zram_test_flag(zram, index, ZRAM_UNDER_WB))
+			zram_set_flag(zram, index, ZRAM_IDLE);
 		zram_slot_unlock(zram, index);
 	}
 
···
 }
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_ZRAM_WRITEBACK
+static ssize_t writeback_limit_enable_store(struct device *dev,
+		struct device_attribute *attr, const char *buf, size_t len)
+{
+	struct zram *zram = dev_to_zram(dev);
+	u64 val;
+	ssize_t ret = -EINVAL;
+
+	if (kstrtoull(buf, 10, &val))
+		return ret;
+
+	down_read(&zram->init_lock);
+	spin_lock(&zram->wb_limit_lock);
+	zram->wb_limit_enable = val;
+	spin_unlock(&zram->wb_limit_lock);
+	up_read(&zram->init_lock);
+	ret = len;
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static ssize_t writeback_limit_enable_show(struct device *dev,
+		struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
+{
+	bool val;
+	struct zram *zram = dev_to_zram(dev);
+
+	down_read(&zram->init_lock);
+	spin_lock(&zram->wb_limit_lock);
+	val = zram->wb_limit_enable;
+	spin_unlock(&zram->wb_limit_lock);
+	up_read(&zram->init_lock);
+
+	return scnprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE, "%d\n", val);
+}
+
 static ssize_t writeback_limit_store(struct device *dev,
 		struct device_attribute *attr, const char *buf, size_t len)
 {
···
 		return ret;
 
 	down_read(&zram->init_lock);
-	atomic64_set(&zram->stats.bd_wb_limit, val);
-	if (val == 0)
-		zram->stop_writeback = false;
+	spin_lock(&zram->wb_limit_lock);
+	zram->bd_wb_limit = val;
+	spin_unlock(&zram->wb_limit_lock);
 	up_read(&zram->init_lock);
 	ret = len;
 
···
 	struct zram *zram = dev_to_zram(dev);
 
 	down_read(&zram->init_lock);
-	val = atomic64_read(&zram->stats.bd_wb_limit);
+	spin_lock(&zram->wb_limit_lock);
+	val = zram->bd_wb_limit;
+	spin_unlock(&zram->wb_limit_lock);
 	up_read(&zram->init_lock);
 
 	return scnprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE, "%llu\n", val);
···
 	return 1;
 }
 
-#define HUGE_WRITEBACK 0x1
-#define IDLE_WRITEBACK 0x2
+#define HUGE_WRITEBACK 1
+#define IDLE_WRITEBACK 2
 
 static ssize_t writeback_store(struct device *dev,
 		struct device_attribute *attr, const char *buf, size_t len)
···
 	struct page *page;
 	ssize_t ret, sz;
 	char mode_buf[8];
-	unsigned long mode = -1UL;
+	int mode = -1;
 	unsigned long blk_idx = 0;
 
 	sz = strscpy(mode_buf, buf, sizeof(mode_buf));
···
 	else if (!strcmp(mode_buf, "huge"))
 		mode = HUGE_WRITEBACK;
 
-	if (mode == -1UL)
+	if (mode == -1)
 		return -EINVAL;
 
 	down_read(&zram->init_lock);
···
 		bvec.bv_len = PAGE_SIZE;
 		bvec.bv_offset = 0;
 
-		if (zram->stop_writeback) {
+		spin_lock(&zram->wb_limit_lock);
+		if (zram->wb_limit_enable && !zram->bd_wb_limit) {
+			spin_unlock(&zram->wb_limit_lock);
 			ret = -EIO;
 			break;
 		}
+		spin_unlock(&zram->wb_limit_lock);
 
 		if (!blk_idx) {
 			blk_idx = alloc_block_bdev(zram);
···
 				zram_test_flag(zram, index, ZRAM_UNDER_WB))
 			goto next;
 
-		if ((mode & IDLE_WRITEBACK &&
-			  !zram_test_flag(zram, index, ZRAM_IDLE)) &&
-		    (mode & HUGE_WRITEBACK &&
-			  !zram_test_flag(zram, index, ZRAM_HUGE)))
+		if (mode == IDLE_WRITEBACK &&
+			  !zram_test_flag(zram, index, ZRAM_IDLE))
+			goto next;
+		if (mode == HUGE_WRITEBACK &&
+			  !zram_test_flag(zram, index, ZRAM_HUGE))
 			goto next;
 		/*
 		 * Clearing ZRAM_UNDER_WB is duty of caller.
···
 		zram_set_element(zram, index, blk_idx);
 		blk_idx = 0;
 		atomic64_inc(&zram->stats.pages_stored);
-		if (atomic64_add_unless(&zram->stats.bd_wb_limit,
-					-1 << (PAGE_SHIFT - 12), 0)) {
-			if (atomic64_read(&zram->stats.bd_wb_limit) == 0)
-				zram->stop_writeback = true;
-		}
+		spin_lock(&zram->wb_limit_lock);
+		if (zram->wb_limit_enable && zram->bd_wb_limit > 0)
+			zram->bd_wb_limit -=  1UL << (PAGE_SHIFT - 12);
+		spin_unlock(&zram->wb_limit_lock);
 next:
 		zram_slot_unlock(zram, index);
 	}
···
 static DEVICE_ATTR_RW(backing_dev);
 static DEVICE_ATTR_WO(writeback);
 static DEVICE_ATTR_RW(writeback_limit);
+static DEVICE_ATTR_RW(writeback_limit_enable);
 #endif
 
 static struct attribute *zram_disk_attrs[] = {
···
 	&dev_attr_backing_dev.attr,
 	&dev_attr_writeback.attr,
 	&dev_attr_writeback_limit.attr,
+	&dev_attr_writeback_limit_enable.attr,
 #endif
 	&dev_attr_io_stat.attr,
 	&dev_attr_mm_stat.attr,
···
 	device_id = ret;
 
 	init_rwsem(&zram->init_lock);
-
+#ifdef CONFIG_ZRAM_WRITEBACK
+	spin_lock_init(&zram->wb_limit_lock);
+#endif
 	queue = blk_alloc_queue(GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (!queue) {
 		pr_err("Error allocating disk queue for device %d\n",

drivers/block/zram/zram_drv.h

···
 	atomic64_t bd_count;		/* no. of pages in backing device */
 	atomic64_t bd_reads;		/* no. of reads from backing device */
 	atomic64_t bd_writes;		/* no. of writes from backing device */
-	atomic64_t bd_wb_limit;		/* writeback limit of backing device */
 #endif
 };
 
···
 	 */
 	bool claim; /* Protected by bdev->bd_mutex */
 	struct file *backing_dev;
-	bool stop_writeback;
 #ifdef CONFIG_ZRAM_WRITEBACK
+	spinlock_t wb_limit_lock;
+	bool wb_limit_enable;
+	u64 bd_wb_limit;
 	struct block_device *bdev;
 	unsigned int old_block_size;
 	unsigned long *bitmap;