bug.h: work around GCC PR82365 in BUG()

Looking at functions with large stack frames across all architectures
led me discovering that BUG() suffers from the same problem as
fortify_panic(), which I've added a workaround for already.

In short, variables that go out of scope by calling a noreturn function
or __builtin_unreachable() keep using stack space in functions
afterwards.

A workaround that was identified is to insert an empty assembler
statement just before calling the function that doesn't return. I'm
adding a macro "barrier_before_unreachable()" to document this, and
insert calls to that in all instances of BUG() that currently suffer
from this problem.

The files that saw the largest change from this had these frame sizes
before, and much less with my patch:

fs/ext4/inode.c:82:1: warning: the frame size of 1672 bytes is larger than 800 bytes [-Wframe-larger-than=]
fs/ext4/namei.c:434:1: warning: the frame size of 904 bytes is larger than 800 bytes [-Wframe-larger-than=]
fs/ext4/super.c:2279:1: warning: the frame size of 1160 bytes is larger than 800 bytes [-Wframe-larger-than=]
fs/ext4/xattr.c:146:1: warning: the frame size of 1168 bytes is larger than 800 bytes [-Wframe-larger-than=]
fs/f2fs/inode.c:152:1: warning: the frame size of 1424 bytes is larger than 800 bytes [-Wframe-larger-than=]
net/netfilter/ipvs/ip_vs_core.c:1195:1: warning: the frame size of 1068 bytes is larger than 800 bytes [-Wframe-larger-than=]
net/netfilter/ipvs/ip_vs_core.c:395:1: warning: the frame size of 1084 bytes is larger than 800 bytes [-Wframe-larger-than=]
net/netfilter/ipvs/ip_vs_ftp.c:298:1: warning: the frame size of 928 bytes is larger than 800 bytes [-Wframe-larger-than=]
net/netfilter/ipvs/ip_vs_ftp.c:418:1: warning: the frame size of 908 bytes is larger than 800 bytes [-Wframe-larger-than=]
net/netfilter/ipvs/ip_vs_lblcr.c:718:1: warning: the frame size of 960 bytes is larger than 800 bytes [-Wframe-larger-than=]
drivers/net/xen-netback/netback.c:1500:1: warning: the frame size of 1088 bytes is larger than 800 bytes [-Wframe-larger-than=]

In case of ARC and CRIS, it turns out that the BUG() implementation
actually does return (or at least the compiler thinks it does),
resulting in lots of warnings about uninitialized variable use and
leaving noreturn functions, such as:

block/cfq-iosched.c: In function 'cfq_async_queue_prio':
block/cfq-iosched.c:3804:1: error: control reaches end of non-void function [-Werror=return-type]
include/linux/dmaengine.h: In function 'dma_maxpq':
include/linux/dmaengine.h:1123:1: error: control reaches end of non-void function [-Werror=return-type]

This makes them call __builtin_trap() instead, which should normally
dump the stack and kill the current process, like some of the other
architectures already do.

I tried adding barrier_before_unreachable() to panic() and
fortify_panic() as well, but that had very little effect, so I'm not
submitting that patch.

Vineet said:

: For ARC, it is double win.
:
: 1. Fixes 3 -Wreturn-type warnings
:
: | ../net/core/ethtool.c:311:1: warning: control reaches end of non-void function
: [-Wreturn-type]
: | ../kernel/sched/core.c:3246:1: warning: control reaches end of non-void function
: [-Wreturn-type]
: | ../include/linux/sunrpc/svc_xprt.h:180:1: warning: control reaches end of
: non-void function [-Wreturn-type]
:
: 2. bloat-o-meter reports code size improvements as gcc elides the
: generated code for stack return.

Link: https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=82365
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/[e-mail]
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <[e-mail]>
Acked-by: Vineet Gupta <[e-mail]> [arch/arc]
Tested-by: Vineet Gupta <[e-mail]> [arch/arc]
Cc: Mikael Starvik <[e-mail]>
Cc: Jesper Nilsson <[e-mail]>
Cc: Tony Luck <[e-mail]>
Cc: Fenghua Yu <[e-mail]>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <[e-mail]>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <[e-mail]>
Cc: Christopher Li <[e-mail]>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <[e-mail]>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <[e-mail]>
Cc: Kees Cook <[e-mail]>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <[e-mail]>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <[e-mail]>
Cc: Will Deacon <[e-mail]>
Cc: "Steven Rostedt (VMware)" <[e-mail]>
Cc: Mark Rutland <[e-mail]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[e-mail]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[e-mail]>

arch/arc/include/asm/bug.h

···
 
 #define BUG()	do {								\
 	pr_warn("BUG: failure at %s:%d/%s()!\n", __FILE__, __LINE__, __func__); \
-	dump_stack();								\
+	barrier_before_unreachable();						\
+	__builtin_trap();							\
 } while (0)
 
 #define HAVE_ARCH_BUG

arch/cris/include/arch-v10/arch/bug.h

···
  * not be used like this with newer versions of gcc.
  */
 #define BUG()								\
+do {									\
 	__asm__ __volatile__ ("clear.d [" __stringify(BUG_MAGIC) "]\n\t"\
 			      "movu.w " __stringify(__LINE__) ",$r0\n\t"\
 			      "jump 0f\n\t"				\
 			      ".section .rodata\n"			\
 			      "0:\t.string \"" __FILE__ "\"\n\t"	\
-			      ".previous")
+			      ".previous");				\
+	unreachable();							\
+} while (0)
 #endif
 
 #else
 
 /* This just causes an oops. */
-#define BUG() (*(int *)0 = 0)
+#define BUG()								\
+do {									\
+	barrier_before_unreachable();					\
+	__builtin_trap();						\
+} while (0)
 
 #endif
 

arch/ia64/include/asm/bug.h

···
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_BUG
 #define ia64_abort()	__builtin_trap()
-#define BUG() do { printk("kernel BUG at %s:%d!\n", __FILE__, __LINE__); ia64_abort(); } while (0)
+#define BUG() do {						\
+	printk("kernel BUG at %s:%d!\n", __FILE__, __LINE__);	\
+	barrier_before_unreachable();				\
+	ia64_abort();						\
+} while (0)
 
 /* should this BUG be made generic? */
 #define HAVE_ARCH_BUG

arch/m68k/include/asm/bug.h

···
 #ifndef CONFIG_SUN3
 #define BUG() do { \
 	pr_crit("kernel BUG at %s:%d!\n", __FILE__, __LINE__); \
+	barrier_before_unreachable(); \
 	__builtin_trap(); \
 } while (0)
 #else
 #define BUG() do { \
 	pr_crit("kernel BUG at %s:%d!\n", __FILE__, __LINE__); \
+	barrier_before_unreachable(); \
 	panic("BUG!"); \
 } while (0)
 #endif
 #else
 #define BUG() do { \
+	barrier_before_unreachable(); \
 	__builtin_trap(); \
 } while (0)
 #endif

arch/sparc/include/asm/bug.h

···
 void do_BUG(const char *file, int line);
 #define BUG() do {					\
 	do_BUG(__FILE__, __LINE__);			\
+	barrier_before_unreachable();			\
 	__builtin_trap();				\
 } while (0)
 #else
-#define BUG()		__builtin_trap()
+#define BUG() do {					\
+	barrier_before_unreachable();			\
+	__builtin_trap();				\
+} while (0)
 #endif
 
 #define HAVE_ARCH_BUG

include/asm-generic/bug.h

···
 #ifndef HAVE_ARCH_BUG
 #define BUG() do { \
 	printk("BUG: failure at %s:%d/%s()!\n", __FILE__, __LINE__, __func__); \
+	barrier_before_unreachable(); \
 	panic("BUG!"); \
 } while (0)
 #endif

include/linux/compiler-gcc.h

···
 #endif
 
 /*
+ * calling noreturn functions, __builtin_unreachable() and __builtin_trap()
+ * confuse the stack allocation in gcc, leading to overly large stack
+ * frames, see https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=82365
+ *
+ * Adding an empty inline assembly before it works around the problem
+ */
+#define barrier_before_unreachable() asm volatile("")
+
+/*
  * Mark a position in code as unreachable.  This can be used to
  * suppress control flow warnings after asm blocks that transfer
  * control elsewhere.
···
  * unreleased.  Really, we need to have autoconf for the kernel.
  */
 #define unreachable() \
-	do { annotate_unreachable(); __builtin_unreachable(); } while (0)
+	do {					\
+		annotate_unreachable();		\
+		barrier_before_unreachable();	\
+		__builtin_unreachable();	\
+	} while (0)
 
 /* Mark a function definition as prohibited from being cloned. */
 #define __noclone	__attribute__((__noclone__, __optimize__("no-tracer")))

include/linux/compiler.h

···
 # define barrier_data(ptr) barrier()
 #endif
 
+/* workaround for GCC PR82365 if needed */
+#ifndef barrier_before_unreachable
+# define barrier_before_unreachable() do { } while (0)
+#endif
+
 /* Unreachable code */
 #ifdef CONFIG_STACK_VALIDATION
 /*