llvmPackages_17.lld: backport table-base patch
Starting with emscripten-3.1.46, this flag to LLVM is needed.
This is a backport of
https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/commit/93adcb770b99351b18553089c164fe3ef2119699.patch,
with additional review at https://reviews.llvm.org/D158892 and
emscripten-core/emscripten#20097.