treewide: remove bower (#443594)

doc/languages-frameworks/bower.section.md

···
-# Bower {#sec-bower}
-
-[Bower](https://bower.io) is a package manager for web site front-end components. Bower packages (comprising of build artifacts and sometimes sources) are stored in `git` repositories, typically on Github. The package registry is run by the Bower team with package metadata coming from the `bower.json` file within each package.
-
-The end result of running Bower is a `bower_components` directory which can be included in the web app's build process.
-
-Bower can be run interactively, by installing `nodePackages.bower`. More interestingly, the Bower components can be declared in a Nix derivation, with the help of `bower2nix`.
-
-## bower2nix usage {#ssec-bower2nix-usage}
-
-Suppose you have a `bower.json` with the following contents:
-
-### Example bower.json {#ex-bowerJson}
-
-```json
-  "name": "my-web-app",
-  "dependencies": {
-    "angular": "~1.5.0",
-    "bootstrap": "~3.3.6"
-  }
-```
-
-Running `bower2nix` will produce something like the following output:
-
-```nix
-{ fetchbower, buildEnv }:
-buildEnv {
-  name = "bower-env";
-  ignoreCollisions = true;
-  paths = [
-    (fetchbower "angular" "1.5.3" "~1.5.0" "1749xb0firxdra4rzadm4q9x90v6pzkbd7xmcyjk6qfza09ykk9y")
-    (fetchbower "bootstrap" "3.3.6" "~3.3.6" "1vvqlpbfcy0k5pncfjaiskj3y6scwifxygfqnw393sjfxiviwmbv")
-    (fetchbower "jquery" "2.2.2" "1.9.1 - 2" "10sp5h98sqwk90y4k6hbdviwqzvzwqf47r3r51pakch5ii2y7js1")
-  ];
-}
-```
-
-Using the `bower2nix` command line arguments, the output can be redirected to a file. A name like `bower-packages.nix` would be fine.
-
-The resulting derivation is a union of all the downloaded Bower packages (and their dependencies). To use it, they still need to be linked together by Bower, which is where `buildBowerComponents` is useful.
-
-## buildBowerComponents function {#ssec-build-bower-components}
-
-The function is implemented in [pkgs/development/bower-modules/generic/default.nix](https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/master/pkgs/development/bower-modules/generic/default.nix).
-
-### Example buildBowerComponents {#ex-buildBowerComponents}
-
-```nix
-{
-  bowerComponents = buildBowerComponents {
-    name = "my-web-app";
-    generated = ./bower-packages.nix; # note 1
-    src = myWebApp; # note 2
-  };
-}
-```
-
-In ["buildBowerComponents" example](#ex-buildBowerComponents) the following arguments are of special significance to the function:
-
-1. `generated` specifies the file which was created by {command}`bower2nix`.
-2. `src` is your project's sources. It needs to contain a {file}`bower.json` file.
-
-`buildBowerComponents` will run Bower to link together the output of `bower2nix`, resulting in a `bower_components` directory which can be used.
-
-Here is an example of a web frontend build process using `gulp`. You might use `grunt`, or anything else.
-
-### Example build script (gulpfile.js) {#ex-bowerGulpFile}
-
-```javascript
-var gulp = require('gulp');
-
-gulp.task('default', [], function () {
-  gulp.start('build');
-});
-
-gulp.task('build', [], function () {
-  console.log("Just a dummy gulp build");
-  gulp
-    .src(["./bower_components/**/*"])
-    .pipe(gulp.dest("./gulpdist/"));
-});
-```
-
-### Example Full example — default.nix {#ex-buildBowerComponentsDefaultNix}
-
-```nix
-{
-  myWebApp ? {
-    outPath = ./.;
-    name = "myWebApp";
-  },
-  pkgs ? import <nixpkgs> { },
-}:
-
-pkgs.stdenv.mkDerivation {
-  name = "my-web-app-frontend";
-  src = myWebApp;
-
-  buildInputs = [ pkgs.nodePackages.gulp ];
-
-  bowerComponents = pkgs.buildBowerComponents {
-    # note 1
-    name = "my-web-app";
-    generated = ./bower-packages.nix;
-    src = myWebApp;
-  };
-
-  nativeBuildInputs = [
-    writableTmpDirAsHomeHook # note 3
-  ];
-
-  buildPhase = ''
-    runHook preBuild
-
-    cp --reflink=auto --no-preserve=mode -R $bowerComponents/bower_components . # note 2
-    ${pkgs.nodePackages.gulp}/bin/gulp build # note 4
-
-    runHook postBuild
-  '';
-
-  installPhase = ''
-    runHook preInstall
-
-    mv gulpdist $out
-
-    runHook postInstall
-  '';
-}
-```
-
-A few notes about [Full example — `default.nix`](#ex-buildBowerComponentsDefaultNix):
-
-1. The result of `buildBowerComponents` is an input to the frontend build.
-2. Whether to symlink or copy the {file}`bower_components` directory depends on the build tool in use.
-   In this case, a copy is used to avoid {command}`gulp` silliness with permissions.
-3. {command}`gulp` requires `HOME` to refer to a writeable directory.
-4. The actual build command in this example is {command}`gulp`. Other tools could be used instead.
-
-## Troubleshooting {#ssec-bower2nix-troubleshooting}
-
-### ENOCACHE errors from buildBowerComponents {#enocache-errors-from-buildbowercomponents}
-
-This means that Bower was looking for a package version which doesn't exist in the generated `bower-packages.nix`.
-
-If `bower.json` has been updated, then run `bower2nix` again.
-
-It could also be a bug in `bower2nix` or `fetchbower`. If possible, try reformulating the version specification in `bower.json`.

doc/languages-frameworks/index.md

···
 android.section.md
 astal.section.md
 beam.section.md
-bower.section.md
 chicken.section.md
 coq.section.md
 cosmic.section.md

doc/redirects.json

···
     "release-notes.html#sec-nixpkgs-release-25.11-highlights"
   ],
   "sec-nixpkgs-release-25.11-incompatibilities": [
-    "release-notes.html#sec-nixpkgs-release-25.11-incompatibilities"
+    "release-notes.html#sec-nixpkgs-release-25.11-incompatibilities",
+    "index.html#enocache-errors-from-buildbowercomponents",
+    "index.html#ex-bowerGulpFile",
+    "index.html#ex-bowerJson",
+    "index.html#ex-buildBowerComponents",
+    "index.html#ex-buildBowerComponentsDefaultNix",
+    "index.html#sec-bower",
+    "index.html#ssec-bower2nix-troubleshooting",
+    "index.html#ssec-bower2nix-usage",
+    "index.html#ssec-build-bower-components"
   ],
   "sec-nixpkgs-release-25.11-lib": [
     "release-notes.html#sec-nixpkgs-release-25.11-lib"
···
   ],
   "elixir---phoenix-project": [
     "index.html#elixir---phoenix-project"
-  ],
-  "sec-bower": [
-    "index.html#sec-bower"
-  ],
-  "ssec-bower2nix-usage": [
-    "index.html#ssec-bower2nix-usage"
-  ],
-  "ex-bowerJson": [
-    "index.html#ex-bowerJson"
-  ],
-  "ssec-build-bower-components": [
-    "index.html#ssec-build-bower-components"
-  ],
-  "ex-buildBowerComponents": [
-    "index.html#ex-buildBowerComponents"
-  ],
-  "ex-bowerGulpFile": [
-    "index.html#ex-bowerGulpFile"
-  ],
-  "ex-buildBowerComponentsDefaultNix": [
-    "index.html#ex-buildBowerComponentsDefaultNix"
-  ],
-  "ssec-bower2nix-troubleshooting": [
-    "index.html#ssec-bower2nix-troubleshooting"
-  ],
-  "enocache-errors-from-buildbowercomponents": [
-    "index.html#enocache-errors-from-buildbowercomponents"
   ],
   "sec-chicken": [
     "index.html#sec-chicken"

doc/release-notes/rl-2511.section.md

···
 
 - `mono4` and `mono5` have been removed. Use `mono6` or `mono` instead.
 
+- Everything related to `bower` was removed, as it is deprecated and not used by anything in nixpkgs.
+
 - The `offrss` package was removed due to lack of upstream maintenance since 2012. It's recommended for users to migrate to another RSS reader
 
 - `installShellFiles`: Allow installManPage to take a piped input, add the `--name` flag for renaming the file when installed. Can also append `--` to opt-out of all subsequent parsing.

pkgs/build-support/fetchbower/default.nix

···
-{
-  stdenvNoCC,
-  lib,
-  bower2nix,
-  cacert,
-}:
-let
-  bowerVersion =
-    version:
-    let
-      components = lib.splitString "#" version;
-      hash = lib.last components;
-      ver = if builtins.length components == 1 then (cleanName version) else hash;
-    in
-    ver;
-
-  cleanName = name: lib.replaceStrings [ "/" ":" ] [ "-" "-" ] name;
-
-  fetchbower =
-    name: version: target: outputHash:
-    stdenvNoCC.mkDerivation {
-      name = "${cleanName name}-${bowerVersion version}";
-      buildCommand = ''
-        fetch-bower --quiet --out=$PWD/out "${name}" "${target}" "${version}"
-        # In some cases, the result of fetchBower is different depending
-        # on the output directory (e.g. if the bower package contains
-        # symlinks). So use a local output directory before copying to
-        # $out.
-        cp -R out $out
-      '';
-      outputHashMode = "recursive";
-      outputHashAlgo = "sha256";
-      inherit outputHash;
-      nativeBuildInputs = [
-        bower2nix
-        cacert
-      ];
-    };
-
-in
-fetchbower

pkgs/by-name/bo/bower2nix/package.nix

···
-{
-  buildNpmPackage,
-  fetchFromGitHub,
-  git,
-  lib,
-  nix,
-  unstableGitUpdater,
-}:
-
-buildNpmPackage rec {
-  pname = "bower2nix";
-  version = "3.2.0-unstable-2024-06-25";
-
-  src = fetchFromGitHub {
-    owner = "rvl";
-    repo = "bower2nix";
-    rev = "b5da44f055c7561ed7a46226b3be0070e07d80e6";
-    hash = "sha256-da+m2UWQ83tW1o0P1qvw35KpsXL/BDTeShg4KxL+7Ck=";
-  };
-
-  npmDepsHash = "sha256-TK1sqF2J/hQuP3bgGA4MolLA7LWWuYNnqf4gDyU154k=";
-
-  npmBuildScript = "prepare";
-
-  makeWrapperArgs = [
-    "--prefix PATH : ${
-      lib.makeBinPath [
-        git
-        nix
-      ]
-    }"
-  ];
-
-  passthru.updateScript = unstableGitUpdater { tagPrefix = "v"; };
-
-  meta = {
-    changelog = "https://github.com/rvl/bower2nix/releases/tag/v${version}";
-    description = "Generate nix expressions to fetch bower dependencies";
-    homepage = "https://github.com/rvl/bower2nix";
-    license = lib.licenses.gpl3Only;
-    mainProgram = "bower2nix";
-    maintainers = [ ];
-  };
-}

pkgs/by-name/me/mediagoblin/bower-packages.nix

···
-{ fetchbower, buildEnv }:
-buildEnv {
-  name = "bower-env";
-  ignoreCollisions = true;
-  paths = [
-    (fetchbower "jquery" "2.1.4" "~2.1.3" "1ywrpk2xsr6ghkm3j9gfnl9r3jn6xarfamp99b0bcm57kq9fm2k0")
-    (fetchbower "video.js" "5.20.5" "~5.20.1" "1agvvid2valba7xxypknbb3k578jz8sa4rsmq5z2yc5010k3nkqp")
-    (fetchbower "videojs-resolution-switcher" "0.4.2" "~0.4.2"
-      "1bz2q1wwdglaxbb20fin9djgs1c71jywxhlrm16hm4bzg708ycaf"
-    )
-    (fetchbower "leaflet" "0.7.7" "~0.7.3" "0jim285bljmxxngpm3yx6bnnd10n2whwkgmmhzpcd1rdksnr5nca")
-  ];
-}

pkgs/by-name/me/mediagoblin/package.nix

···
 {
   lib,
-  buildBowerComponents,
+  buildNpmPackage,
   fetchFromSourcehut,
+  fetchpatch,
   gobject-introspection,
   gst_all_1,
   poppler-utils,
···
     hash = "sha256-Y1VnXLHEl6TR8nt+vKSfoCwleQ+oA2WPMN9q4fW9R3s=";
   };
 
-  extlib = buildBowerComponents {
+  patches = [
+    (fetchpatch {
+      url = "https://git.sr.ht/~mediagoblin/mediagoblin/commit/95a591bb2ffdeed059b926059155fd0802e6b1e6.patch";
+      excludes = [ "docs/source/siteadmin/relnotes.rst" ];
+      hash = "sha256-Coff02bewl6E9bHeMy/6tA2dngKcw/c33xk9nmMl/Bk=";
+    })
+  ];
+
+  extlib = buildNpmPackage {
     name = "mediagoblin-extlib";
-    generated = ./bower-packages.nix;
-    inherit src;
+    inherit src patches;
+
+    npmDepsHash = "sha256-wtk5MgsWEpuz3V/EcozEAMOa8UeCgdjhR5wxaiaMugY=";
+
+    dontNpmBuild = true;
+
+    installPhase = ''
+      mkdir -p $out/node_modules/
+      cp -r node_modules/{jquery,video.js,videojs-resolution-switcher,leaflet} $out/node_modules/
+    '';
   };
 in
 python.pkgs.buildPythonApplication rec {
   format = "setuptools";
   pname = "mediagoblin";
-  inherit version src;
+  inherit version src patches;
 
   postPatch = ''
     # https://git.sr.ht/~mediagoblin/mediagoblin/tree/bf61d38df21748aadb480c53fdd928647285e35f/item/.guix/modules/mediagoblin-package.scm#L60-62
···
   '';
 
   postInstall = ''
-    lndir -silent ${extlib}/bower_components/ $out/${python.sitePackages}/mediagoblin/static/extlib/
+    lndir -silent ${extlib}/node_modules $out/${python.sitePackages}/mediagoblin/static/extlib/
 
     ln -rs $out/${python.sitePackages}/mediagoblin/static/extlib/jquery/dist/jquery.js $out/${python.sitePackages}/mediagoblin/static/js/extlib/jquery.js
     ln -rs $out/${python.sitePackages}/mediagoblin/static/extlib/leaflet/dist/leaflet.css $out/${python.sitePackages}/mediagoblin/static/extlib/leaflet/leaflet.css
···
   pythonImportsCheck = [ "mediagoblin" ];
 
   passthru = {
-    inherit python;
+    inherit extlib python;
   };
 
   meta = {

pkgs/development/bower-modules/generic/default.nix

···
-{ pkgs }:
-
-{
-  buildInputs ? [ ],
-  generated,
-  ...
-}@attrs:
-
-let
-  # Fetches the bower packages. `generated` should be the result of a
-  # `bower2nix` command.
-  bowerPackages = import generated {
-    inherit (pkgs) buildEnv fetchbower;
-  };
-
-in
-pkgs.stdenv.mkDerivation (
-  attrs
-  // {
-    name = "bower_components-" + attrs.name;
-
-    inherit bowerPackages;
-
-    builder = builtins.toFile "builder.sh" ''
-      # The project's bower.json is required
-      cp $src/bower.json .
-
-      # Dereference symlinks -- bower doesn't like them
-      cp  --recursive --reflink=auto       \
-          --dereference --no-preserve=mode \
-          $bowerPackages bc
-
-      # Bower install in offline mode -- links together the fetched
-      # bower packages.
-      HOME=$PWD bower \
-          --config.storage.packages=bc/packages \
-          --config.storage.registry=bc/registry \
-          --offline install
-
-      # Sets up a single bower_components directory within
-      # the output derivation.
-      mkdir -p $out
-      mv bower_components $out
-    '';
-
-    buildInputs = buildInputs ++ [
-      pkgs.git
-      pkgs.nodePackages.bower
-    ];
-  }
-)

pkgs/development/node-packages/aliases.nix

···
   inherit (pkgs) bash-language-server; # added 2024-06-07
   bibtex-tidy = pkgs.bibtex-tidy; # added 2023-07-30
   bitwarden-cli = pkgs.bitwarden-cli; # added 2023-07-25
+  bower = throw "bower was removed because it was deprecated"; # added 2025-09-17
   inherit (pkgs) bower2nix; # added 2024-08-23
   inherit (pkgs) btc-rpc-explorer; # added 2023-08-17
   inherit (pkgs) carbon-now-cli; # added 2023-08-17

pkgs/development/node-packages/node-packages.json

···
 , "audiosprite"
 , "aws-cdk"
 , "awesome-lint"
-, "bower"
 , "browserify"
 , "browser-sync"
 , "cdk8s-cli"

pkgs/development/node-packages/node-packages.nix

···
     bypassCache = true;
     reconstructLock = true;
   };
-  bower = nodeEnv.buildNodePackage {
-    name = "bower";
-    packageName = "bower";
-    version = "1.8.14";
-    src = fetchurl {
-      url = "https://registry.npmjs.org/bower/-/bower-1.8.14.tgz";
-      sha512 = "8Rq058FD91q9Nwthyhw0la9fzpBz0iwZTrt51LWl+w+PnJgZk9J+5wp3nibsJcIUPglMYXr4NRBaR+TUj0OkBQ==";
-    };
-    buildInputs = globalBuildInputs;
-    meta = {
-      description = "The browser package manager";
-      homepage = "http://bower.io";
-      license = "MIT";
-    };
-    production = true;
-    bypassCache = true;
-    reconstructLock = true;
-  };
   browserify = nodeEnv.buildNodePackage {
     name = "browserify";
     packageName = "browserify";

pkgs/top-level/aliases.nix

···
   boost184 = throw "Boost 1.84 has been removed as it is obsolete and no longer used by anything in Nixpkgs"; # Added 2024-11-24
   boost185 = throw "Boost 1.85 has been removed as it is obsolete and no longer used by anything in Nixpkgs"; # Added 2024-11-24
   boost_process = throw "boost_process has been removed as it is included in regular boost"; # Added 2024-05-01
+  bower2nix = throw "bower2nix has been removed as bower was removed. It is recommended to migrate to yarn."; # Added 2025-09-17
   bpb = throw "bpb has been removed as it is unmaintained and not compatible with recent Rust versions"; # Added 2024-04-30
   bpftool = throw "'bpftool' has been renamed to/replaced by 'bpftools'"; # Converted to throw 2024-10-17
   brasero-original = lib.warnOnInstantiate "Use 'brasero-unwrapped' instead of 'brasero-original'" brasero-unwrapped; # Added 2024-09-29
···
   budgie = throw "The `budgie` scope has been removed and all packages moved to the top-level"; # Added 2024-07-14
   budgiePlugins = throw "The `budgiePlugins` scope has been removed and all packages moved to the top-level"; # Added 2024-07-14
   buildBarebox = throw "buildBarebox has been removed due to lack of interest in maintaining it in nixpkgs"; # Added 2025-04-19
+  buildBowerComponents = throw "buildBowerComponents has been removed as bower was removed. It is recommended to migrate to yarn."; # Added 2025-09-17
   buildGo122Module = throw "Go 1.22 is end-of-life, and 'buildGo122Module' has been removed. Please use a newer builder version."; # Added 2025-03-28
   buildGo123Module = throw "Go 1.23 is end-of-life, and 'buildGo123Module' has been removed. Please use a newer builder version."; # Added 2025-08-13
   buildGoPackage = throw "`buildGoPackage` has been deprecated and removed, see the Go section in the nixpkgs manual for details"; # Added 2024-11-18
···
   fdr = throw "fdr has been removed, as it cannot be built from source and depends on Python 2.x"; # Added 2025-03-19
   inherit (luaPackages) fennel; # Added 2022-09-24
   ferdi = throw "'ferdi' has been removed, upstream does not exist anymore and the package is insecure"; # Added 2024-08-22
+  fetchbower = throw "fetchbower has been removed as bower was removed. It is recommended to migrate to yarn."; # Added 2025-09-17
   fetchFromGithub = throw "You meant fetchFromGitHub, with a capital H"; # preserve, reason: common typo
   ffmpeg_5 = throw "ffmpeg_5 has been removed, please use another version"; # Added 2024-07-12
   ffmpeg_5-headless = throw "ffmpeg_5-headless has been removed, please use another version"; # Added 2024-07-12

pkgs/top-level/all-packages.nix

···
     python3Packages = python311Packages;
   };
 
-  fetchbower = callPackage ../build-support/fetchbower { };
-
   fetchbzr = callPackage ../build-support/fetchbzr { };
 
   fetchcvs =
···
     saxon_11-he
     saxon_12-he
     ;
-
-  ### DEVELOPMENT / LIBRARIES / JAVASCRIPT
-
-  ### DEVELOPMENT / BOWER MODULES (JAVASCRIPT)
-
-  buildBowerComponents = callPackage ../development/bower-modules/generic { };
 
   ### DEVELOPMENT / GO