Design from the last stream, plus groundwork for the pods

README.md

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control-plane/job-board/.gitignore

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control-plane/job-board/Cargo.toml

···
+[package]
+name = "job-board-orchestrator"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2024"
+
+[dependencies]
+# The core async runtime for Rust
+tokio = { version = "1", features = ["full"] }
+
+# WebSocket library that integrates with Tokio
+tokio-tungstenite = "0.23"
+
+# Utilities for working with async streams and sinks
+futures-util = { version = "0.3", default-features = false, features = ["sink", "std"] }
+
+# Framework for serializing and deserializing Rust data structures
+serde = { version = "1.0", features = ["derive"] }
+
+# A JSON implementation for Serde
+serde_json = "1.0"
+
+# For generating unique identifiers for jobs
+uuid = { version = "1.8", features = ["v4"] }
+
+# A framework for structured, event-based logging
+tracing = "0.1"
+
+# A subscriber for the tracing framework that formats and outputs logs
+tracing-subscriber = "0.3"
+

control-plane/job-board/README.md

···
+# Job board
+
+This posts jobs for worker nodes to try to bid to recieve. So far in the development, the node with the most available resources wins.
+
+More coming soon.
+
+Here's an example response from a worker node in case you want to `wscat` to the job board to test responses:
+
+bash```
+{ "type": "BidResponse", "job_id": "PASTE_THE_JOB_ID_HERE", "available_cpu_cores": 999, "available_ram_mb": 99999, "available_storage_mb": 999999 }
+```

control-plane/job-board/src/main.rs

···
+use futures_util::{
+    stream::{SplitSink},
+    SinkExt, StreamExt,
+};
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use std::{
+    collections::{HashMap, VecDeque},
+    net::SocketAddr,
+    sync::Arc,
+    time::{Duration, Instant},
+};
+use tokio::{
+    net::{TcpListener, TcpStream},
+    sync::Mutex,
+};
+use tokio_tungstenite::{
+    accept_async,
+    tungstenite::{Message},
+    WebSocketStream,
+};
+use tracing::{error, info, instrument};
+use tracing_subscriber::FmtSubscriber;
+use uuid::Uuid;
+
+type PeerMap = Arc<Mutex<HashMap<SocketAddr, SplitSink<WebSocketStream<TcpStream>, Message>>>>;
+type JobQueue = Arc<Mutex<VecDeque<Job>>>;
+type Bids = Arc<Mutex<HashMap<SocketAddr, Bid>>>;
+
+#[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, Clone)]
+struct Job {
+    id: String,
+    payload: String,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, Clone)]
+struct Bid {
+    job_id: String,
+    available_cpu_cores: u32,
+    available_ram_mb: u32,
+    available_storage_mb: u32,
+}
+
+impl Bid {
+    fn score(&self) -> u64 {
+        (self.available_cpu_cores as u64 * 1000)
+            + self.available_ram_mb as u64
+            + (self.available_storage_mb as u64 / 10)
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(tag = "type")]
+enum ServerMessage {
+    PingForBids { job_id: String },
+    AssignJob { job: Job },
+    Acknowledge,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(tag = "type")]
+enum WorkerMessage {
+    BidResponse(Bid),
+}
+
+#[tokio::main]
+async fn main() {
+    FmtSubscriber::builder()
+        .with_max_level(tracing::Level::INFO)
+        .init();
+
+    let peers: PeerMap = Arc::new(Mutex::new(HashMap::new()));
+    let job_queue: JobQueue = Arc::new(Mutex::new(VecDeque::new()));
+    let bids: Bids = Arc::new(Mutex::new(HashMap::new()));
+
+    {
+        let mut queue = job_queue.lock().await;
+        info!("Populating job queue with initial jobs...");
+        for i in 1..=5 {
+            queue.push_back(Job {
+                id: Uuid::new_v4().to_string(),
+                payload: format!("This is job number {}", i),
+            });
+        }
+        info!("{} jobs added to the queue.", queue.len());
+    }
+
+    let peers_clone = Arc::clone(&peers);
+    let queue_clone = Arc::clone(&job_queue);
+    let bids_clone = Arc::clone(&bids);
+    tokio::spawn(async move {
+        queue_monitor(queue_clone, peers_clone, bids_clone).await;
+    });
+
+    let addr = "127.0.0.1:9001";
+    let listener = TcpListener::bind(&addr).await.expect("Failed to bind");
+    info!("Job Board listening on: {}", addr);
+
+    while let Ok((stream, addr)) = listener.accept().await {
+        info!("New worker connection from: {}", addr);
+        tokio::spawn(handle_connection(
+            Arc::clone(&peers),
+            Arc::clone(&bids),
+            stream,
+            addr,
+        ));
+    }
+}
+
+#[instrument(skip(peers, bids, stream))]
+async fn handle_connection(
+    peers: PeerMap,
+    bids: Bids,
+    stream: TcpStream,
+    addr: SocketAddr,
+) {
+    let ws_stream = match accept_async(stream).await {
+        Ok(ws) => ws,
+        Err(e) => {
+            error!("Error during WebSocket handshake: {}", e);
+            return;
+        }
+    };
+    info!("WebSocket connection established: {}", addr);
+
+    let (mut ws_sender, mut ws_receiver) = ws_stream.split();
+
+    let ack_msg = ServerMessage::Acknowledge;
+    let ack_json = serde_json::to_string(&ack_msg).unwrap();
+    if ws_sender.send(Message::Text(ack_json)).await.is_err() {
+        error!("Failed to send Acknowledge to {}", addr);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    peers.lock().await.insert(addr, ws_sender);
+
+    while let Some(msg) = ws_receiver.next().await {
+        match msg {
+            Ok(Message::Text(text)) => {
+                match serde_json::from_str::<WorkerMessage>(&text) {
+                    Ok(WorkerMessage::BidResponse(bid)) => {
+                        info!("Received bid from {}: {:?}", addr, bid);
+                        bids.lock().await.insert(addr, bid);
+                    }
+                    Err(e) => {
+                        error!("Error deserializing message from {}: {}", addr, e);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            Ok(Message::Close(_)) => {
+                info!("Received Close message from {}", addr);
+                break;
+            }
+            Err(tokio_tungstenite::tungstenite::Error::ConnectionClosed) => {
+                info!("Connection to {} closed gracefully.", addr);
+                break;
+            }
+            Err(e) => {
+                error!("Error receiving message from {}: {}", addr, e);
+                break;
+            }
+            _ => {}
+        }
+    }
+
+    info!("Worker {} disconnected.", addr);
+    peers.lock().await.remove(&addr);
+}
+
+#[instrument(skip(job_queue, peers, bids))]
+async fn queue_monitor(job_queue: JobQueue, peers: PeerMap, bids: Bids) {
+    loop {
+        tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_secs(3)).await;
+
+        let job = {
+            let mut queue = job_queue.lock().await;
+            queue.pop_front()
+        };
+
+        if let Some(job) = job {
+            info!("Found job {} in queue. Starting bidding process.", job.id);
+
+            bids.lock().await.clear();
+
+            let ping_msg = ServerMessage::PingForBids {
+                job_id: job.id.clone(),
+            };
+            let ping_json = serde_json::to_string(&ping_msg).unwrap();
+            let mut disconnected_peers = Vec::new();
+
+            let expected_bids = {
+                let mut peers_map = peers.lock().await;
+                if peers_map.is_empty() {
+                    info!("No workers connected. Returning job to the front of the queue.");
+                    job_queue.lock().await.push_front(job);
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                info!("Pinging {} connected workers for bids.", peers_map.len());
+                for (addr, sender) in peers_map.iter_mut() {
+                    if sender.send(Message::Text(ping_json.clone())).await.is_err() {
+                        error!("Failed to send ping to {}. Marking for removal.", addr);
+                        disconnected_peers.push(*addr);
+                    }
+                }
+                peers_map.len() - disconnected_peers.len()
+            };
+
+            if !disconnected_peers.is_empty() {
+                let mut peers_map = peers.lock().await;
+                for addr in disconnected_peers {
+                    peers_map.remove(&addr);
+                }
+            }
+
+            if expected_bids == 0 {
+                info!("No active workers to ping. Returning job to the front of the queue.");
+                job_queue.lock().await.push_front(job);
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            info!("Waiting up to 3 seconds for {} workers to submit bids...", expected_bids);
+            let bidding_deadline = Instant::now() + Duration::from_secs(3);
+
+            while Instant::now() < bidding_deadline {
+                let bids_received = bids.lock().await.len();
+                if bids_received >= expected_bids {
+                    info!("All {} expected bids received early.", expected_bids);
+                    break;
+                }
+                // tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_millis(100)).await;
+            }
+
+            let winner = {
+                let bids_map = bids.lock().await;
+                info!("Evaluating {} bids received.", bids_map.len());
+                bids_map
+                    .iter()
+                    .max_by_key(|(_, bid)| bid.score())
+                    .map(|(addr, _)| *addr)
+            };
+
+            if let Some(winner_addr) = winner {
+                info!(
+                    "Bidding complete. Winner is {}. Assigning job {}.",
+                    winner_addr, job.id
+                );
+                let mut peers_map = peers.lock().await;
+                if let Some(winner_sender) = peers_map.get_mut(&winner_addr) {
+                    let assign_msg = ServerMessage::AssignJob { job };
+                    let assign_json = serde_json::to_string(&assign_msg).unwrap();
+                    if winner_sender
+                        .send(Message::Text(assign_json))
+                        .await
+                        .is_err()
+                    {
+                        error!("Failed to assign job to winner {}.", winner_addr);
+                    }
+                }
+            } else {
+                info!("No bids received for job {}. Returning it to the front of the queue.", job.id);
+                job_queue.lock().await.push_front(job);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

worker-plane/vm/.gitignore

···
+vmlinux*
+firecracker
+firecracker.log
+alpine-with-podman.ext4

worker-plane/vm/README.md

···
+# The VM that contains a given pod
+
+## Manual installation
+
+Add the firecracker binary to your system.
+
+Download a vmlinux* that has the virtio etc installed in itself and not as modules. For example, AWS seems to have one readymade, from the firecracker docs:
+
+```
+ARCH="$(uname -m)"
+release_url="https://github.com/firecracker-microvm/firecracker/releases"
+latest_version=$(basename $(curl -fsSLI -o /dev/null -w  %{url_effective} ${release_url}/latest))
+CI_VERSION=${latest_version%.*}
+latest_kernel_key=$(curl "http://spec.ccfc.min.s3.amazonaws.com/?prefix=firecracker-ci/$CI_VERSION/$ARCH/vmlinux-&list-type=2" \
+    | grep -oP "(?<=<Key>)(firecracker-ci/$CI_VERSION/$ARCH/vmlinux-[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]{1,3})(?=</Key>)" \
+    | sort -V | tail -1)
+
+# Download a linux kernel binary
+wget "https://s3.amazonaws.com/spec.ccfc.min/${latest_kernel_key}"
+```
+
+Add the following network rules to your system (not necessary at this stage of the project but good to have)
+
+```
+TAP_DEV="tap0"
+TAP_IP="172.16.0.1"
+MASK_SHORT="/30"
+HOST_IFACE=$(ip -j route list default | jq -r '.[0].dev')
+
+# Setup network interface on the host
+sudo ip link del "$TAP_DEV" 2> /dev/null || true
+sudo ip tuntap add dev "$TAP_DEV" mode tap
+sudo ip addr add "${TAP_IP}${MASK_SHORT}" dev "$TAP_DEV"
+sudo ip link set dev "$TAP_DEV" up
+
+# Enable IP forwarding and masquerading
+sudo sh -c "echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward"
+sudo iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT
+sudo iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o "$HOST_IFACE" -j MASQUERADE
+```
+
+Allow execution (chmod +x) on the create_alpine_rootfs.sh, then run it.
+
+`touch firecracker.log`
+
+Finally, to run the image:
+
+`sudo rm -f /tmp/firecracker.socket && sudo ./firecracker --api-sock /tmp/firecracker.socket --config-file firecracker-config.json`
+
+The username and password is root and root. Change that in the create_alpine_rootfs.sh file if you want.
+
+To exit the tty you'll have to `shutdown` or `reboot`.
+
+If you want to wire up the networking, complete the guest side of the host networking that we added on the host earlier:
+
+```
+ip addr add 172.16.0.2/30 dev eth0
+ip link set eth0 up
+ip route add default via 172.16.0.1 dev eth0
+echo "nameserver 8.8.8.8" > /etc/resolv.conf
+```
+### TODO: prod machines that dynamically assign internal IPs on rootfs creation time
+
+Add to /etc/network/interfaces
+
+```
+auto lo
+iface lo inet loopback
+
+auto eth0
+iface eth0 inet static
+    address 172.16.0.2
+    netmask 255.255.255.252
+    gateway 172.16.0.1
+```
+
+and at startup
+
+```
+rc-update add networking boot
+rc-service networking start
+```
+
+Hmm.. also should do something for ipv6 too.

worker-plane/vm/create_alpine_rootfs.sh

···
+#!/bin/bash
+
+set -e
+
+ALPINE_VERSION="v3.20"
+ARCH=$(uname -m)
+ROOTFS_DIR="alpine-podman-rootfs"
+ROOTFS_FILE="alpine-with-podman.ext4"
+ROOTFS_SIZE_MB=2048
+
+echo "--- Finding and fetching apk-tools-static for ${ARCH} ---"
+# Map uname arch to Alpine's arch naming
+case ${ARCH} in
+    x86_64) ALPINE_ARCH="x86_64" ;;
+    aarch64) ALPINE_ARCH="aarch64" ;;
+    *) echo "Unsupported architecture: ${ARCH}"; exit 1 ;;
+esac
+
+REPO_URL="https://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/${ALPINE_VERSION}/main/${ALPINE_ARCH}"
+
+APK_TOOLS_PKG=$(curl -sL "${REPO_URL}/APKINDEX.tar.gz" | tar -xz -O APKINDEX | grep -F 'P:apk-tools-static' -A1 | grep -F 'V:' | cut -d: -f2 | xargs -I{} echo "apk-tools-static-{}.apk")
+APK_TOOLS_URL="${REPO_URL}/${APK_TOOLS_PKG}"
+
+echo "Found package: ${APK_TOOLS_PKG}"
+echo "Downloading from: ${APK_TOOLS_URL}"
+
+curl -sL "${APK_TOOLS_URL}" | tar -xz -C . sbin/apk.static
+mv sbin/apk.static .
+rmdir sbin
+chmod +x apk.static
+
+echo "Successfully fetched ./apk.static"
+
+echo "--- Ensuring host has 'mkfs.ext4' (e2fsprogs) ---"
+if ! command -v mkfs.ext4 &> /dev/null; then
+    if command -v apt-get &> /dev/null; then
+        sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y e2fsprogs
+    elif command -v dnf &> /dev/null || command -v yum &> /dev/null; then
+        sudo yum install -y e2fsprogs
+    else
+        echo "Error: mkfs.ext4 not found. Please install 'e2fsprogs' manually."
+        exit 1
+    fi
+fi
+
+echo "--- Bootstrapping Alpine ${ALPINE_VERSION} with Podman ---"
+sudo rm -rf "${ROOTFS_DIR}"
+mkdir -p "${ROOTFS_DIR}"
+
+sudo ./apk.static \
+    -X "https://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/${ALPINE_VERSION}/main" \
+    -X "https://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/${ALPINE_VERSION}/community" \
+    -U --allow-untrusted --root "${ROOTFS_DIR}" \
+    --initdb add alpine-base openrc podman util-linux
+
+echo "--- Configuring the rootfs ---"
+echo "root:root" | sudo chroot "${ROOTFS_DIR}" chpasswd
+
+sudo chroot "${ROOTFS_DIR}" rc-update add cgroups default
+
+cat << EOF | sudo tee "${ROOTFS_DIR}/etc/fstab" > /dev/null
+proc  /proc  proc  defaults  0  0
+sysfs /sys   sysfs defaults  0  0
+EOF
+
+echo 'ttyS0::respawn:/sbin/agetty -L 115200 ttyS0 vt100' | sudo tee -a "${ROOTFS_DIR}/etc/inittab" > /dev/null
+
+echo "--- Creating ${ROOTFS_SIZE_MB}MB ext4 image: ${ROOTFS_FILE} ---"
+rm -f "${ROOTFS_FILE}"
+dd if=/dev/zero of="${ROOTFS_FILE}" bs=1M count=${ROOTFS_SIZE_MB}
+mkfs.ext4 "${ROOTFS_FILE}"
+
+echo "--- Mounting image and copying rootfs data ---"
+MOUNT_DIR=$(mktemp -d)
+sudo mount -o loop "${ROOTFS_FILE}" "${MOUNT_DIR}"
+(cd "${ROOTFS_DIR}" && sudo tar -cf - .) | (cd "${MOUNT_DIR}" && sudo tar -xf -)
+
+echo "--- Cleaning up ---"
+sudo umount "${MOUNT_DIR}"
+rm -rf "${MOUNT_DIR}"
+sudo rm -rf "${ROOTFS_DIR}"
+rm ./apk.static
+
+echo "Success! Rootfs created at ./${ROOTFS_FILE}"
+

worker-plane/vm/firecracker-config.json

···
+{
+  "boot-source": {
+    "kernel_image_path": "./vmlinux-6.1.141",
+    "boot_args": "console=ttyS0 reboot=k panic=1 pci=off root=/dev/vda rw init=/sbin/init"
+  },
+  "drives": [
+    {
+      "drive_id": "rootfs",
+      "path_on_host": "./alpine-with-podman.ext4",
+      "is_root_device": true,
+      "is_read_only": false
+    }
+  ],
+  "machine-config": {
+    "vcpu_count": 2,
+    "mem_size_mib": 1024,
+    "smt": false
+  },
+  "network-interfaces": [
+    {
+      "iface_id": "net1",
+      "guest_mac": "06:00:AC:10:00:02",
+      "host_dev_name": "tap0"
+    }
+  ],
+  "logger": {
+    "log_path": "./firecracker.log",
+    "level": "Debug",
+    "show_level": true,
+    "show_log_origin": true
+  }
+}