tjh.dev
Linux kernel mirror (for testing)
git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git
kernel
os
linux
1
2
3 HOWTO for the linux packet generator
4 ------------------------------------
5
6Date: 041221
7
8Enable CONFIG_NET_PKTGEN to compile and build pktgen.o either in kernel
9or as module. Module is preferred. insmod pktgen if needed. Once running
10pktgen creates a thread on each CPU where each thread has affinity to its CPU.
11Monitoring and controlling is done via /proc. Easiest to select a suitable
12a sample script and configure.
13
14On a dual CPU:
15
16ps aux | grep pkt
17root 129 0.3 0.0 0 0 ? SW 2003 523:20 [pktgen/0]
18root 130 0.3 0.0 0 0 ? SW 2003 509:50 [pktgen/1]
19
20
21For monitoring and control pktgen creates:
22 /proc/net/pktgen/pgctrl
23 /proc/net/pktgen/kpktgend_X
24 /proc/net/pktgen/ethX
25
26
27Viewing threads
28===============
29/proc/net/pktgen/kpktgend_0
30Name: kpktgend_0 max_before_softirq: 10000
31Running:
32Stopped: eth1
33Result: OK: max_before_softirq=10000
34
35Most important the devices assigned to thread. Note! A device can only belong
36to one thread.
37
38
39Viewing devices
40===============
41
42Parm section holds configured info. Current hold running stats.
43Result is printed after run or after interruption. Example:
44
45/proc/net/pktgen/eth1
46
47Params: count 10000000 min_pkt_size: 60 max_pkt_size: 60
48 frags: 0 delay: 0 clone_skb: 1000000 ifname: eth1
49 flows: 0 flowlen: 0
50 dst_min: 10.10.11.2 dst_max:
51 src_min: src_max:
52 src_mac: 00:00:00:00:00:00 dst_mac: 00:04:23:AC:FD:82
53 udp_src_min: 9 udp_src_max: 9 udp_dst_min: 9 udp_dst_max: 9
54 src_mac_count: 0 dst_mac_count: 0
55 Flags:
56Current:
57 pkts-sofar: 10000000 errors: 39664
58 started: 1103053986245187us stopped: 1103053999346329us idle: 880401us
59 seq_num: 10000011 cur_dst_mac_offset: 0 cur_src_mac_offset: 0
60 cur_saddr: 0x10a0a0a cur_daddr: 0x20b0a0a
61 cur_udp_dst: 9 cur_udp_src: 9
62 flows: 0
63Result: OK: 13101142(c12220741+d880401) usec, 10000000 (60byte,0frags)
64 763292pps 390Mb/sec (390805504bps) errors: 39664
65
66Configuring threads and devices
67================================
68This is done via the /proc interface easiest done via pgset in the scripts
69
70Examples:
71
72 pgset "clone_skb 1" sets the number of copies of the same packet
73 pgset "clone_skb 0" use single SKB for all transmits
74 pgset "pkt_size 9014" sets packet size to 9014
75 pgset "frags 5" packet will consist of 5 fragments
76 pgset "count 200000" sets number of packets to send, set to zero
77 for continuous sends until explicitly stopped.
78
79 pgset "delay 5000" adds delay to hard_start_xmit(). nanoseconds
80
81 pgset "dst 10.0.0.1" sets IP destination address
82 (BEWARE! This generator is very aggressive!)
83
84 pgset "dst_min 10.0.0.1" Same as dst
85 pgset "dst_max 10.0.0.254" Set the maximum destination IP.
86 pgset "src_min 10.0.0.1" Set the minimum (or only) source IP.
87 pgset "src_max 10.0.0.254" Set the maximum source IP.
88 pgset "dst6 fec0::1" IPV6 destination address
89 pgset "src6 fec0::2" IPV6 source address
90 pgset "dstmac 00:00:00:00:00:00" sets MAC destination address
91 pgset "srcmac 00:00:00:00:00:00" sets MAC source address
92
93 pgset "queue_map_min 0" Sets the min value of tx queue interval
94 pgset "queue_map_max 7" Sets the max value of tx queue interval, for multiqueue devices
95 To select queue 1 of a given device,
96 use queue_map_min=1 and queue_map_max=1
97
98 pgset "src_mac_count 1" Sets the number of MACs we'll range through.
99 The 'minimum' MAC is what you set with srcmac.
100
101 pgset "dst_mac_count 1" Sets the number of MACs we'll range through.
102 The 'minimum' MAC is what you set with dstmac.
103
104 pgset "flag [name]" Set a flag to determine behaviour. Current flags
105 are: IPSRC_RND #IP Source is random (between min/max),
106 IPDST_RND, UDPSRC_RND,
107 UDPDST_RND, MACSRC_RND, MACDST_RND
108 MPLS_RND, VID_RND, SVID_RND
109 QUEUE_MAP_RND # queue map random
110 QUEUE_MAP_CPU # queue map mirrors smp_processor_id()
111
112
113 pgset "udp_src_min 9" set UDP source port min, If < udp_src_max, then
114 cycle through the port range.
115
116 pgset "udp_src_max 9" set UDP source port max.
117 pgset "udp_dst_min 9" set UDP destination port min, If < udp_dst_max, then
118 cycle through the port range.
119 pgset "udp_dst_max 9" set UDP destination port max.
120
121 pgset "mpls 0001000a,0002000a,0000000a" set MPLS labels (in this example
122 outer label=16,middle label=32,
123 inner label=0 (IPv4 NULL)) Note that
124 there must be no spaces between the
125 arguments. Leading zeros are required.
126 Do not set the bottom of stack bit,
127 that's done automatically. If you do
128 set the bottom of stack bit, that
129 indicates that you want to randomly
130 generate that address and the flag
131 MPLS_RND will be turned on. You
132 can have any mix of random and fixed
133 labels in the label stack.
134
135 pgset "mpls 0" turn off mpls (or any invalid argument works too!)
136
137 pgset "vlan_id 77" set VLAN ID 0-4095
138 pgset "vlan_p 3" set priority bit 0-7 (default 0)
139 pgset "vlan_cfi 0" set canonical format identifier 0-1 (default 0)
140
141 pgset "svlan_id 22" set SVLAN ID 0-4095
142 pgset "svlan_p 3" set priority bit 0-7 (default 0)
143 pgset "svlan_cfi 0" set canonical format identifier 0-1 (default 0)
144
145 pgset "vlan_id 9999" > 4095 remove vlan and svlan tags
146 pgset "svlan 9999" > 4095 remove svlan tag
147
148
149 pgset "tos XX" set former IPv4 TOS field (e.g. "tos 28" for AF11 no ECN, default 00)
150 pgset "traffic_class XX" set former IPv6 TRAFFIC CLASS (e.g. "traffic_class B8" for EF no ECN, default 00)
151
152 pgset stop aborts injection. Also, ^C aborts generator.
153
154
155Example scripts
156===============
157
158A collection of small tutorial scripts for pktgen is in examples dir.
159
160pktgen.conf-1-1 # 1 CPU 1 dev
161pktgen.conf-1-2 # 1 CPU 2 dev
162pktgen.conf-2-1 # 2 CPU's 1 dev
163pktgen.conf-2-2 # 2 CPU's 2 dev
164pktgen.conf-1-1-rdos # 1 CPU 1 dev w. route DoS
165pktgen.conf-1-1-ip6 # 1 CPU 1 dev ipv6
166pktgen.conf-1-1-ip6-rdos # 1 CPU 1 dev ipv6 w. route DoS
167pktgen.conf-1-1-flows # 1 CPU 1 dev multiple flows.
168
169Run in shell: ./pktgen.conf-X-Y It does all the setup including sending.
170
171
172Interrupt affinity
173===================
174Note when adding devices to a specific CPU there good idea to also assign
175/proc/irq/XX/smp_affinity so the TX-interrupts gets bound to the same CPU.
176as this reduces cache bouncing when freeing skb's.
177
178
179Current commands and configuration options
180==========================================
181
182** Pgcontrol commands:
183
184start
185stop
186
187** Thread commands:
188
189add_device
190rem_device_all
191max_before_softirq
192
193
194** Device commands:
195
196count
197clone_skb
198debug
199
200frags
201delay
202
203src_mac_count
204dst_mac_count
205
206pkt_size
207min_pkt_size
208max_pkt_size
209
210mpls
211
212udp_src_min
213udp_src_max
214
215udp_dst_min
216udp_dst_max
217
218flag
219 IPSRC_RND
220 TXSIZE_RND
221 IPDST_RND
222 UDPSRC_RND
223 UDPDST_RND
224 MACSRC_RND
225 MACDST_RND
226
227dst_min
228dst_max
229
230src_min
231src_max
232
233dst_mac
234src_mac
235
236clear_counters
237
238dst6
239src6
240
241flows
242flowlen
243
244References:
245ftp://robur.slu.se/pub/Linux/net-development/pktgen-testing/
246ftp://robur.slu.se/pub/Linux/net-development/pktgen-testing/examples/
247
248Paper from Linux-Kongress in Erlangen 2004.
249ftp://robur.slu.se/pub/Linux/net-development/pktgen-testing/pktgen_paper.pdf
250
251Thanks to:
252Grant Grundler for testing on IA-64 and parisc, Harald Welte, Lennert Buytenhek
253Stephen Hemminger, Andi Kleen, Dave Miller and many others.
254
255
256Good luck with the linux net-development.