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linux
1
2 Advanced Linux Sound Architecture - Driver
3 ==========================================
4 Configuration guide
5
6
7Kernel Configuration
8====================
9
10To enable ALSA support you need at least to build the kernel with
11primary sound card support (CONFIG_SOUND). Since ALSA can emulate OSS,
12you don't have to choose any of the OSS modules.
13
14Enable "OSS API emulation" (CONFIG_SND_OSSEMUL) and both OSS mixer and
15PCM supports if you want to run OSS applications with ALSA.
16
17If you want to support the WaveTable functionality on cards such as
18SB Live! then you need to enable "Sequencer support"
19(CONFIG_SND_SEQUENCER).
20
21To make ALSA debug messages more verbose, enable the "Verbose printk"
22and "Debug" options. To check for memory leaks, turn on "Debug memory"
23too. "Debug detection" will add checks for the detection of cards.
24
25Please note that all the ALSA ISA drivers support the Linux isapnp API
26(if the card supports ISA PnP). You don't need to configure the cards
27using isapnptools.
28
29
30Creating ALSA devices
31=====================
32
33This depends on your distribution, but normally you use the /dev/MAKEDEV
34script to create the necessary device nodes. On some systems you use a
35script named 'snddevices'.
36
37
38Module parameters
39=================
40
41The user can load modules with options. If the module supports more than
42one card and you have more than one card of the same type then you can
43specify multiple values for the option separated by commas.
44
45Prior to version 0.9.0rc4 options had a 'snd_' prefix. This was removed.
46
47 Module snd
48 ----------
49
50 The core ALSA module. It is used by all ALSA card drivers.
51 It takes the following options which have global effects.
52
53 major - major number for sound driver
54 - Default: 116
55 cards_limit
56 - limiting card index for auto-loading (1-8)
57 - Default: 1
58 - For auto-loading more than one card, specify this
59 option together with snd-card-X aliases.
60 slots - Reserve the slot index for the given driver.
61 This option takes multiple strings.
62 See "Module Autoloading Support" section for details.
63 debug - Specifies the debug message level
64 (0 = disable debug prints, 1 = normal debug messages,
65 2 = verbose debug messages)
66 This option appears only when CONFIG_SND_DEBUG=y.
67 This option can be dynamically changed via sysfs
68 /sys/modules/snd/parameters/debug file.
69
70 Module snd-pcm-oss
71 ------------------
72
73 The PCM OSS emulation module.
74 This module takes options which change the mapping of devices.
75
76 dsp_map - PCM device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device.
77 - Default: 0
78 adsp_map - PCM device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device.
79 - Default: 1
80 nonblock_open
81 - Don't block opening busy PCM devices. Default: 1
82
83 For example, when dsp_map=2, /dev/dsp will be mapped to PCM #2 of
84 the card #0. Similarly, when adsp_map=0, /dev/adsp will be mapped
85 to PCM #0 of the card #0.
86 For changing the second or later card, specify the option with
87 commas, such like "dsp_map=0,1".
88
89 nonblock_open option is used to change the behavior of the PCM
90 regarding opening the device. When this option is non-zero,
91 opening a busy OSS PCM device won't be blocked but return
92 immediately with EAGAIN (just like O_NONBLOCK flag).
93
94 Module snd-rawmidi
95 ------------------
96
97 This module takes options which change the mapping of devices.
98 similar to those of the snd-pcm-oss module.
99
100 midi_map - MIDI device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device.
101 - Default: 0
102 amidi_map - MIDI device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device.
103 - Default: 1
104
105 Common parameters for top sound card modules
106 --------------------------------------------
107
108 Each of top level sound card module takes the following options.
109
110 index - index (slot #) of sound card
111 - Values: 0 through 31 or negative
112 - If nonnegative, assign that index number
113 - if negative, interpret as a bitmask of permissible
114 indices; the first free permitted index is assigned
115 - Default: -1
116 id - card ID (identifier or name)
117 - Can be up to 15 characters long
118 - Default: the card type
119 - A directory by this name is created under /proc/asound/
120 containing information about the card
121 - This ID can be used instead of the index number in
122 identifying the card
123 enable - enable card
124 - Default: enabled, for PCI and ISA PnP cards
125
126 Module snd-adlib
127 ----------------
128
129 Module for AdLib FM cards.
130
131 port - port # for OPL chip
132
133 This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe, so
134 the port must be specified. For actual AdLib FM cards it will be 0x388.
135 Note that this card does not have PCM support and no mixer; only FM
136 synthesis.
137
138 Make sure you have "sbiload" from the alsa-tools package available and,
139 after loading the module, find out the assigned ALSA sequencer port
140 number through "sbiload -l". Example output:
141
142 Port Client name Port name
143 64:0 OPL2 FM synth OPL2 FM Port
144
145 Load the std.sb and drums.sb patches also supplied by sbiload:
146
147 sbiload -p 64:0 std.sb drums.sb
148
149 If you use this driver to drive an OPL3, you can use std.o3 and drums.o3
150 instead. To have the card produce sound, use aplaymidi from alsa-utils:
151
152 aplaymidi -p 64:0 foo.mid
153
154 Module snd-ad1816a
155 ------------------
156
157 Module for sound cards based on Analog Devices AD1816A/AD1815 ISA chips.
158
159 clockfreq - Clock frequency for AD1816A chip (default = 0, 33000Hz)
160
161 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
162
163 Module snd-ad1848
164 -----------------
165
166 Module for sound cards based on AD1848/AD1847/CS4248 ISA chips.
167
168 port - port # for AD1848 chip
169 irq - IRQ # for AD1848 chip
170 dma1 - DMA # for AD1848 chip (0,1,3)
171
172 This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe
173 thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
174
175 The power-management is supported.
176
177 Module snd-ad1889
178 -----------------
179
180 Module for Analog Devices AD1889 chips.
181
182 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
183 See the description of intel8x0 module for details.
184
185 This module supports multiple cards.
186
187 Module snd-ali5451
188 ------------------
189
190 Module for ALi M5451 PCI chip.
191
192 pcm_channels - Number of hardware channels assigned for PCM
193 spdif - Support SPDIF I/O
194 - Default: disabled
195
196 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
197
198 The power-management is supported.
199
200 Module snd-als100
201 -----------------
202
203 Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS100/ALS120 ISA chips.
204
205 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
206
207 The power-management is supported.
208
209 Module snd-als300
210 -----------------
211
212 Module for Avance Logic ALS300 and ALS300+
213
214 This module supports multiple cards.
215
216 The power-management is supported.
217
218 Module snd-als4000
219 ------------------
220
221 Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS4000 PCI chip.
222
223 joystick_port - port # for legacy joystick support.
224 0 = disabled (default), 1 = auto-detect
225
226 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
227
228 The power-management is supported.
229
230 Module snd-atiixp
231 -----------------
232
233 Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250/400 AC97 controllers.
234
235 ac97_clock - AC'97 clock (default = 48000)
236 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
237 See "AC97 Quirk Option" section below.
238 ac97_codec - Workaround to specify which AC'97 codec
239 instead of probing. If this works for you
240 file a bug with your `lspci -vn` output.
241 -2 -- Force probing.
242 -1 -- Default behavior.
243 0-2 -- Use the specified codec.
244 spdif_aclink - S/PDIF transfer over AC-link (default = 1)
245
246 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
247
248 ATI IXP has two different methods to control SPDIF output. One is
249 over AC-link and another is over the "direct" SPDIF output. The
250 implementation depends on the motherboard, and you'll need to
251 choose the correct one via spdif_aclink module option.
252
253 The power-management is supported.
254
255 Module snd-atiixp-modem
256 -----------------------
257
258 Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250 AC97 modem controllers.
259
260 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
261
262 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
263 slot is excluded.
264
265 The power-management is supported.
266
267 Module snd-au8810, snd-au8820, snd-au8830
268 -----------------------------------------
269
270 Module for Aureal Vortex, Vortex2 and Advantage device.
271
272 pcifix - Control PCI workarounds
273 0 = Disable all workarounds
274 1 = Force the PCI latency of the Aureal card to 0xff
275 2 = Force the Extend PCI#2 Internal Master for Efficient
276 Handling of Dummy Requests on the VIA KT133 AGP Bridge
277 3 = Force both settings
278 255 = Autodetect what is required (default)
279
280 This module supports all ADB PCM channels, ac97 mixer, SPDIF, hardware
281 EQ, mpu401, gameport. A3D and wavetable support are still in development.
282 Development and reverse engineering work is being coordinated at
283 http://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/openvortex/
284 SPDIF output has a copy of the AC97 codec output, unless you use the
285 "spdif" pcm device, which allows raw data passthru.
286 The hardware EQ hardware and SPDIF is only present in the Vortex2 and
287 Advantage.
288
289 Note: Some ALSA mixer applications don't handle the SPDIF sample rate
290 control correctly. If you have problems regarding this, try
291 another ALSA compliant mixer (alsamixer works).
292
293 Module snd-aw2
294 --------------
295
296 Module for Audiowerk2 sound card
297
298 This module supports multiple cards.
299
300 Module snd-azt2320
301 ------------------
302
303 Module for sound cards based on Aztech System AZT2320 ISA chip (PnP only).
304
305 This module supports multiple cards, PnP and autoprobe.
306
307 The power-management is supported.
308
309 Module snd-azt3328
310 ------------------
311
312 Module for sound cards based on Aztech AZF3328 PCI chip.
313
314 joystick - Enable joystick (default off)
315
316 This module supports multiple cards.
317
318 Module snd-bt87x
319 ----------------
320
321 Module for video cards based on Bt87x chips.
322
323 digital_rate - Override the default digital rate (Hz)
324 load_all - Load the driver even if the card model isn't known
325
326 This module supports multiple cards.
327
328 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
329 slot is excluded.
330
331 Module snd-ca0106
332 -----------------
333
334 Module for Creative Audigy LS and SB Live 24bit
335
336 This module supports multiple cards.
337
338
339 Module snd-cmi8330
340 ------------------
341
342 Module for sound cards based on C-Media CMI8330 ISA chips.
343
344 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
345
346 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
347
348 wssport - port # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
349 wssirq - IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
350 wssdma - first DMA # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
351 sbport - port # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
352 sbirq - IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
353 sbdma8 - 8bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
354 sbdma16 - 16bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
355 fmport - (optional) OPL3 I/O port
356 mpuport - (optional) MPU401 I/O port
357 mpuirq - (optional) MPU401 irq #
358
359 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
360
361 The power-management is supported.
362
363 Module snd-cmipci
364 -----------------
365
366 Module for C-Media CMI8338/8738/8768/8770 PCI sound cards.
367
368 mpu_port - port address of MIDI interface (8338 only):
369 0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330 = legacy port,
370 0 = disable (default)
371 fm_port - port address of OPL-3 FM synthesizer (8x38 only):
372 0x388 = legacy port,
373 1 = integrated PCI port (default on 8738),
374 0 = disable
375 soft_ac3 - Software-conversion of raw SPDIF packets (model 033 only)
376 (default = 1)
377 joystick_port - Joystick port address (0 = disable, 1 = auto-detect)
378
379 This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
380
381 The power-management is supported.
382
383 Module snd-cs4231
384 -----------------
385
386 Module for sound cards based on CS4231 ISA chips.
387
388 port - port # for CS4231 chip
389 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (optional), -1 = disable
390 irq - IRQ # for CS4231 chip
391 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART
392 dma1 - first DMA # for CS4231 chip
393 dma2 - second DMA # for CS4231 chip
394
395 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
396 thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
397
398 The power-management is supported.
399
400 Module snd-cs4236
401 -----------------
402
403 Module for sound cards based on CS4232/CS4232A,
404 CS4235/CS4236/CS4236B/CS4237B/
405 CS4238B/CS4239 ISA chips.
406
407 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
408
409 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
410
411 port - port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x534)
412 cport - control port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x120,0x210,0xf00)
413 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup - 0x300), -1 = disable
414 fm_port - FM port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x388), -1 = disable
415 irq - IRQ # for CS4236 chip (5,7,9,11,12,15)
416 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (9,11,12,15)
417 dma1 - first DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3)
418 dma2 - second DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
419
420 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
421 (if ISA PnP is not used) thus main port and control port must be
422 specified!!! Other ports are optional.
423
424 The power-management is supported.
425
426 This module is aliased as snd-cs4232 since it provides the old
427 snd-cs4232 functionality, too.
428
429 Module snd-cs4281
430 -----------------
431
432 Module for Cirrus Logic CS4281 soundchip.
433
434 dual_codec - Secondary codec ID (0 = disable, default)
435
436 This module supports multiple cards.
437
438 The power-management is supported.
439
440 Module snd-cs46xx
441 -----------------
442
443 Module for PCI sound cards based on CS4610/CS4612/CS4614/CS4615/CS4622/
444 CS4624/CS4630/CS4280 PCI chips.
445
446 external_amp - Force to enable external amplifier.
447 thinkpad - Force to enable Thinkpad's CLKRUN control.
448 mmap_valid - Support OSS mmap mode (default = 0).
449
450 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
451 Usually external amp and CLKRUN controls are detected automatically
452 from PCI sub vendor/device ids. If they don't work, give the options
453 above explicitly.
454
455 The power-management is supported.
456
457 Module snd-cs5530
458 _________________
459
460 Module for Cyrix/NatSemi Geode 5530 chip.
461
462 Module snd-cs5535audio
463 ----------------------
464
465 Module for multifunction CS5535 companion PCI device
466
467 The power-management is supported.
468
469 Module snd-ctxfi
470 ----------------
471
472 Module for Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi boards (20k1 / 20k2 chips)
473 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium Fatal1ty Champion Series
474 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium Fatal1ty Professional Series
475 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium Professional Audio
476 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium
477 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Elite Pro
478 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Platinum
479 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Fatal1ty
480 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi XtremeGamer
481 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi XtremeMusic
482
483 reference_rate - reference sample rate, 44100 or 48000 (default)
484 multiple - multiple to ref. sample rate, 1 or 2 (default)
485
486 This module supports multiple cards.
487
488 Module snd-darla20
489 ------------------
490
491 Module for Echoaudio Darla20
492
493 This module supports multiple cards.
494 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
495
496 Module snd-darla24
497 ------------------
498
499 Module for Echoaudio Darla24
500
501 This module supports multiple cards.
502 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
503
504 Module snd-dt019x
505 -----------------
506
507 Module for Diamond Technologies DT-019X / Avance Logic ALS-007 (PnP
508 only)
509
510 This module supports multiple cards. This module is enabled only with
511 ISA PnP support.
512
513 The power-management is supported.
514
515 Module snd-dummy
516 ----------------
517
518 Module for the dummy sound card. This "card" doesn't do any output
519 or input, but you may use this module for any application which
520 requires a sound card (like RealPlayer).
521
522 pcm_devs - Number of PCM devices assigned to each card
523 (default = 1, up to 4)
524 pcm_substreams - Number of PCM substreams assigned to each PCM
525 (default = 8, up to 128)
526 hrtimer - Use hrtimer (=1, default) or system timer (=0)
527 fake_buffer - Fake buffer allocations (default = 1)
528
529 When multiple PCM devices are created, snd-dummy gives different
530 behavior to each PCM device:
531 0 = interleaved with mmap support
532 1 = non-interleaved with mmap support
533 2 = interleaved without mmap
534 3 = non-interleaved without mmap
535
536 As default, snd-dummy drivers doesn't allocate the real buffers
537 but either ignores read/write or mmap a single dummy page to all
538 buffer pages, in order to save the resouces. If your apps need
539 the read/ written buffer data to be consistent, pass fake_buffer=0
540 option.
541
542 The power-management is supported.
543
544 Module snd-echo3g
545 -----------------
546
547 Module for Echoaudio 3G cards (Gina3G/Layla3G)
548
549 This module supports multiple cards.
550 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
551
552 Module snd-emu10k1
553 ------------------
554
555 Module for EMU10K1/EMU10k2 based PCI sound cards.
556 * Sound Blaster Live!
557 * Sound Blaster PCI 512
558 * Emu APS (partially supported)
559 * Sound Blaster Audigy
560
561 extin - bitmap of available external inputs for FX8010 (see bellow)
562 extout - bitmap of available external outputs for FX8010 (see bellow)
563 seq_ports - allocated sequencer ports (4 by default)
564 max_synth_voices - limit of voices used for wavetable (64 by default)
565 max_buffer_size - specifies the maximum size of wavetable/pcm buffers
566 given in MB unit. Default value is 128.
567 enable_ir - enable IR
568
569 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
570
571 Input & Output configurations [extin/extout]
572 * Creative Card wo/Digital out [0x0003/0x1f03]
573 * Creative Card w/Digital out [0x0003/0x1f0f]
574 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in [0x000f/0x1f0f]
575 * Creative Card wo/Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fc3]
576 * Creative Card w/Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fcf]
577 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in + LiveDrive [0x3fcf/0x1fcf]
578 * Creative Card wo/Digital out + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
579 * Creative Card w/Digital out + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
580 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fcf/0x1f0f]
581 * Creative Card 5.1/w Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fff]
582 * Creative Card 5.1 (c) 2003 [0x3fc3/0x7cff]
583 * Creative Card all ins and outs [0x3fff/0x7fff]
584
585 The power-management is supported.
586
587 Module snd-emu10k1x
588 -------------------
589
590 Module for Creative Emu10k1X (SB Live Dell OEM version)
591
592 This module supports multiple cards.
593
594 Module snd-ens1370
595 ------------------
596
597 Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1370 PCI sound cards.
598 * SoundBlaster PCI 64
599 * SoundBlaster PCI 128
600
601 joystick - Enable joystick (default off)
602
603 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
604
605 The power-management is supported.
606
607 Module snd-ens1371
608 ------------------
609
610 Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1371 PCI sound cards.
611 * SoundBlaster PCI 64
612 * SoundBlaster PCI 128
613 * SoundBlaster Vibra PCI
614
615 joystick_port - port # for joystick (0x200,0x208,0x210,0x218),
616 0 = disable (default), 1 = auto-detect
617
618 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
619
620 The power-management is supported.
621
622 Module snd-es968
623 ----------------
624
625 Module for sound cards based on ESS ES968 chip (PnP only).
626
627 This module supports multiple cards, PnP and autoprobe.
628
629 The power-management is supported.
630
631 Module snd-es1688
632 -----------------
633
634 Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-1688 and ES-688 sound cards.
635
636 port - port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
637 fm_port - port # for OPL3 (option; share the same port as default)
638 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
639 irq - IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
640 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
641 dma8 - DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
642
643 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port).
644
645 Module snd-es18xx
646 -----------------
647
648 Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-18xx sound cards.
649
650 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
651
652 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
653
654 port - port # for ES-18xx chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
655 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
656 fm_port - port # for FM (optional, not used)
657 irq - IRQ # for ES-18xx chip (5,7,9,10)
658 dma1 - first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
659 dma2 - first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
660
661 This module supports multiple cards, ISA PnP and autoprobe (without MPU-401
662 port if native ISA PnP routines are not used).
663 When dma2 is equal with dma1, the driver works as half-duplex.
664
665 The power-management is supported.
666
667 Module snd-es1938
668 -----------------
669
670 Module for sound cards based on ESS Solo-1 (ES1938,ES1946) chips.
671
672 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
673
674 The power-management is supported.
675
676 Module snd-es1968
677 -----------------
678
679 Module for sound cards based on ESS Maestro-1/2/2E (ES1968/ES1978) chips.
680
681 total_bufsize - total buffer size in kB (1-4096kB)
682 pcm_substreams_p - playback channels (1-8, default=2)
683 pcm_substreams_c - capture channels (1-8, default=0)
684 clock - clock (0 = auto-detection)
685 use_pm - support the power-management (0 = off, 1 = on,
686 2 = auto (default))
687 enable_mpu - enable MPU401 (0 = off, 1 = on, 2 = auto (default))
688 joystick - enable joystick (default off)
689
690 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
691
692 The power-management is supported.
693
694 Module snd-fm801
695 ----------------
696
697 Module for ForteMedia FM801 based PCI sound cards.
698
699 tea575x_tuner - Enable TEA575x tuner
700 - 1 = MediaForte 256-PCS
701 - 2 = MediaForte 256-PCPR
702 - 3 = MediaForte 64-PCR
703 - High 16-bits are video (radio) device number + 1
704 - example: 0x10002 (MediaForte 256-PCPR, device 1)
705
706 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
707
708 The power-management is supported.
709
710 Module snd-gina20
711 -----------------
712
713 Module for Echoaudio Gina20
714
715 This module supports multiple cards.
716 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
717
718 Module snd-gina24
719 -----------------
720
721 Module for Echoaudio Gina24
722
723 This module supports multiple cards.
724 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
725
726 Module snd-gusclassic
727 ---------------------
728
729 Module for Gravis UltraSound Classic sound card.
730
731 port - port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
732 irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
733 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
734 dma2 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
735 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
736 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
737 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
738
739 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
740
741 Module snd-gusextreme
742 ---------------------
743
744 Module for Gravis UltraSound Extreme (Synergy ViperMax) sound card.
745
746 port - port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
747 gf1_port - port # for GF1 chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260,0x270)
748 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable
749 irq - IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
750 gf1_irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
751 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
752 dma8 - DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
753 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
754 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
755 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
756 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
757
758 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port).
759
760 Module snd-gusmax
761 -----------------
762
763 Module for Gravis UltraSound MAX sound card.
764
765 port - port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
766 irq - IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
767 dma1 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
768 dma2 - DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
769 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
770 voices - GF1 voices limit (14-32)
771 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices
772
773 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
774
775 Module snd-hda-intel
776 --------------------
777
778 Module for Intel HD Audio (ICH6, ICH6M, ESB2, ICH7, ICH8, ICH9, ICH10,
779 PCH, SCH),
780 ATI SB450, SB600, R600, RS600, RS690, RS780, RV610, RV620,
781 RV630, RV635, RV670, RV770,
782 VIA VT8251/VT8237A,
783 SIS966, ULI M5461
784
785 [Multiple options for each card instance]
786 model - force the model name
787 position_fix - Fix DMA pointer (0 = auto, 1 = use LPIB, 2 = POSBUF)
788 probe_mask - Bitmask to probe codecs (default = -1, meaning all slots)
789 When the bit 8 (0x100) is set, the lower 8 bits are used
790 as the "fixed" codec slots; i.e. the driver probes the
791 slots regardless what hardware reports back
792 probe_only - Only probing and no codec initialization (default=off);
793 Useful to check the initial codec status for debugging
794 bdl_pos_adj - Specifies the DMA IRQ timing delay in samples.
795 Passing -1 will make the driver to choose the appropriate
796 value based on the controller chip.
797 patch - Specifies the early "patch" files to modify the HD-audio
798 setup before initializing the codecs. This option is
799 available only when CONFIG_SND_HDA_PATCH_LOADER=y is set.
800 See HD-Audio.txt for details.
801
802 [Single (global) options]
803 single_cmd - Use single immediate commands to communicate with
804 codecs (for debugging only)
805 enable_msi - Enable Message Signaled Interrupt (MSI) (default = off)
806 power_save - Automatic power-saving timeout (in second, 0 =
807 disable)
808 power_save_controller - Reset HD-audio controller in power-saving mode
809 (default = on)
810
811 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
812
813 See Documentation/sound/alsa/HD-Audio.txt for more details about
814 HD-audio driver.
815
816 Each codec may have a model table for different configurations.
817 If your machine isn't listed there, the default (usually minimal)
818 configuration is set up. You can pass "model=<name>" option to
819 specify a certain model in such a case. There are different
820 models depending on the codec chip. The list of available models
821 is found in HD-Audio-Models.txt
822
823 The model name "genric" is treated as a special case. When this
824 model is given, the driver uses the generic codec parser without
825 "codec-patch". It's sometimes good for testing and debugging.
826
827 If the default configuration doesn't work and one of the above
828 matches with your device, report it together with alsa-info.sh
829 output (with --no-upload option) to kernel bugzilla or alsa-devel
830 ML (see the section "Links and Addresses").
831
832 power_save and power_save_controller options are for power-saving
833 mode. See powersave.txt for details.
834
835 Note 2: If you get click noises on output, try the module option
836 position_fix=1 or 2. position_fix=1 will use the SD_LPIB
837 register value without FIFO size correction as the current
838 DMA pointer. position_fix=2 will make the driver to use
839 the position buffer instead of reading SD_LPIB register.
840 (Usually SD_LPIB register is more accurate than the
841 position buffer.)
842
843 NB: If you get many "azx_get_response timeout" messages at
844 loading, it's likely a problem of interrupts (e.g. ACPI irq
845 routing). Try to boot with options like "pci=noacpi". Also, you
846 can try "single_cmd=1" module option. This will switch the
847 communication method between HDA controller and codecs to the
848 single immediate commands instead of CORB/RIRB. Basically, the
849 single command mode is provided only for BIOS, and you won't get
850 unsolicited events, too. But, at least, this works independently
851 from the irq. Remember this is a last resort, and should be
852 avoided as much as possible...
853
854 MORE NOTES ON "azx_get_response timeout" PROBLEMS:
855 On some hardwares, you may need to add a proper probe_mask option
856 to avoid the "azx_get_response timeout" problem above, instead.
857 This occurs when the access to non-existing or non-working codec slot
858 (likely a modem one) causes a stall of the communication via HD-audio
859 bus. You can see which codec slots are probed by enabling
860 CONFIG_SND_DEBUG_VERBOSE, or simply from the file name of the codec
861 proc files. Then limit the slots to probe by probe_mask option.
862 For example, probe_mask=1 means to probe only the first slot, and
863 probe_mask=4 means only the third slot.
864
865 The power-management is supported.
866
867 Module snd-hdsp
868 ---------------
869
870 Module for RME Hammerfall DSP audio interface(s)
871
872 This module supports multiple cards.
873
874 Note: The firmware data can be automatically loaded via hotplug
875 when CONFIG_FW_LOADER is set. Otherwise, you need to load
876 the firmware via hdsploader utility included in alsa-tools
877 package.
878 The firmware data is found in alsa-firmware package.
879
880 Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
881 module did formerly. It will allocate the buffers in advance
882 when any HDSP cards are found. To make the buffer
883 allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
884 stage of boot sequence. See "Early Buffer Allocation"
885 section.
886
887 Module snd-hdspm
888 ----------------
889
890 Module for RME HDSP MADI board.
891
892 precise_ptr - Enable precise pointer, or disable.
893 line_outs_monitor - Send playback streams to analog outs by default.
894 enable_monitor - Enable Analog Out on Channel 63/64 by default.
895
896 See hdspm.txt for details.
897
898 Module snd-hifier
899 -----------------
900
901 Module for the MediaTek/TempoTec HiFier Fantasia sound card.
902
903 This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
904
905 Module snd-ice1712
906 ------------------
907
908 Module for Envy24 (ICE1712) based PCI sound cards.
909 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010
910 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010LT
911 * MidiMan M Audio Delta DiO 2496
912 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 66
913 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 44
914 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 410
915 * MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 2496
916 * TerraTec EWS 88MT
917 * TerraTec EWS 88D
918 * TerraTec EWX 24/96
919 * TerraTec DMX 6Fire
920 * TerraTec Phase 88
921 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24
922 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Value
923 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Media 7.1
924 * Event Electronics, EZ8
925 * Digigram VX442
926 * Lionstracs, Mediastaton
927 * Terrasoniq TS 88
928
929 model - Use the given board model, one of the following:
930 delta1010, dio2496, delta66, delta44, audiophile, delta410,
931 delta1010lt, vx442, ewx2496, ews88mt, ews88mt_new, ews88d,
932 dmx6fire, dsp24, dsp24_value, dsp24_71, ez8,
933 phase88, mediastation
934 omni - Omni I/O support for MidiMan M-Audio Delta44/66
935 cs8427_timeout - reset timeout for the CS8427 chip (S/PDIF transceiver)
936 in msec resolution, default value is 500 (0.5 sec)
937
938 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe. Note: The consumer part
939 is not used with all Envy24 based cards (for example in the MidiMan Delta
940 serie).
941
942 Note: The supported board is detected by reading EEPROM or PCI
943 SSID (if EEPROM isn't available). You can override the
944 model by passing "model" module option in case that the
945 driver isn't configured properly or you want to try another
946 type for testing.
947
948 Module snd-ice1724
949 ------------------
950
951 Module for Envy24HT (VT/ICE1724), Envy24PT (VT1720) based PCI sound cards.
952 * MidiMan M Audio Revolution 5.1
953 * MidiMan M Audio Revolution 7.1
954 * MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 192
955 * AMP Ltd AUDIO2000
956 * TerraTec Aureon 5.1 Sky
957 * TerraTec Aureon 7.1 Space
958 * TerraTec Aureon 7.1 Universe
959 * TerraTec Phase 22
960 * TerraTec Phase 28
961 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1
962 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 LT
963 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 XT
964 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 HIFI
965 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 HD2
966 * AudioTrak Prodigy 192
967 * Pontis MS300
968 * Albatron K8X800 Pro II
969 * Chaintech ZNF3-150
970 * Chaintech ZNF3-250
971 * Chaintech 9CJS
972 * Chaintech AV-710
973 * Shuttle SN25P
974 * Onkyo SE-90PCI
975 * Onkyo SE-200PCI
976 * ESI Juli@
977 * ESI Maya44
978 * Hercules Fortissimo IV
979 * EGO-SYS WaveTerminal 192M
980
981 model - Use the given board model, one of the following:
982 revo51, revo71, amp2000, prodigy71, prodigy71lt,
983 prodigy71xt, prodigy71hifi, prodigyhd2, prodigy192,
984 juli, aureon51, aureon71, universe, ap192, k8x800,
985 phase22, phase28, ms300, av710, se200pci, se90pci,
986 fortissimo4, sn25p, WT192M, maya44
987
988 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
989
990 Note: The supported board is detected by reading EEPROM or PCI
991 SSID (if EEPROM isn't available). You can override the
992 model by passing "model" module option in case that the
993 driver isn't configured properly or you want to try another
994 type for testing.
995
996 Module snd-indigo
997 -----------------
998
999 Module for Echoaudio Indigo
1000
1001 This module supports multiple cards.
1002 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1003
1004 Module snd-indigodj
1005 -------------------
1006
1007 Module for Echoaudio Indigo DJ
1008
1009 This module supports multiple cards.
1010 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1011
1012 Module snd-indigoio
1013 -------------------
1014
1015 Module for Echoaudio Indigo IO
1016
1017 This module supports multiple cards.
1018 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1019
1020 Module snd-intel8x0
1021 -------------------
1022
1023 Module for AC'97 motherboards from Intel and compatibles.
1024 * Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440
1025 ICH5, ICH6, ICH7, 6300ESB, ESB2
1026 * SiS 7012 (SiS 735)
1027 * NVidia NForce, NForce2, NForce3, MCP04, CK804
1028 CK8, CK8S, MCP501
1029 * AMD AMD768, AMD8111
1030 * ALi m5455
1031
1032 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
1033 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
1034 See "AC97 Quirk Option" section below.
1035 buggy_irq - Enable workaround for buggy interrupts on some
1036 motherboards (default yes on nForce chips,
1037 otherwise off)
1038 buggy_semaphore - Enable workaround for hardwares with buggy
1039 semaphores (e.g. on some ASUS laptops)
1040 (default off)
1041 spdif_aclink - Use S/PDIF over AC-link instead of direct connection
1042 from the controller chip
1043 (0 = off, 1 = on, -1 = default)
1044
1045 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
1046
1047 Note: the latest driver supports auto-detection of chip clock.
1048 if you still encounter too fast playback, specify the clock
1049 explicitly via the module option "ac97_clock=41194".
1050
1051 Joystick/MIDI ports are not supported by this driver. If your
1052 motherboard has these devices, use the ns558 or snd-mpu401
1053 modules, respectively.
1054
1055 The power-management is supported.
1056
1057 Module snd-intel8x0m
1058 --------------------
1059
1060 Module for Intel ICH (i8x0) chipset MC97 modems.
1061 * Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440
1062 ICH5, ICH6, ICH7
1063 * SiS 7013 (SiS 735)
1064 * NVidia NForce, NForce2, NForce2s, NForce3
1065 * AMD AMD8111
1066 * ALi m5455
1067
1068 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
1069
1070 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
1071
1072 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
1073 slot is excluded.
1074
1075 The power-management is supported.
1076
1077 Module snd-interwave
1078 --------------------
1079
1080 Module for Gravis UltraSound PnP, Dynasonic 3-D/Pro, STB Sound Rage 32
1081 and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip.
1082
1083 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
1084 midi - 1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
1085 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
1086 effect - 1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0);
1087 requires 8 voices
1088 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1089
1090 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1091
1092 port - port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
1093 irq - IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
1094 dma1 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
1095 dma2 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
1096
1097 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1098
1099 Module snd-interwave-stb
1100 ------------------------
1101
1102 Module for UltraSound 32-Pro (sound card from STB used by Compaq)
1103 and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip with TEA6330T
1104 circuit for extended control of bass, treble and master volume.
1105
1106 joystick_dac - 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
1107 midi - 1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
1108 pcm_voices - reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
1109 effect - 1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0);
1110 requires 8 voices
1111 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1112
1113 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1114
1115 port - port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
1116 port_tc - tone control (i2c bus) port # for TEA6330T chip (0x350,0x360,0x370,0x380)
1117 irq - IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
1118 dma1 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
1119 dma2 - DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
1120
1121 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1122
1123 Module snd-korg1212
1124 -------------------
1125
1126 Module for Korg 1212 IO PCI card
1127
1128 This module supports multiple cards.
1129
1130 Module snd-layla20
1131 ------------------
1132
1133 Module for Echoaudio Layla20
1134
1135 This module supports multiple cards.
1136 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1137
1138 Module snd-layla24
1139 ------------------
1140
1141 Module for Echoaudio Layla24
1142
1143 This module supports multiple cards.
1144 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1145
1146 Module snd-lx6464es
1147 -------------------
1148
1149 Module for Digigram LX6464ES boards
1150
1151 This module supports multiple cards.
1152
1153 Module snd-maestro3
1154 -------------------
1155
1156 Module for Allegro/Maestro3 chips
1157
1158 external_amp - enable external amp (enabled by default)
1159 amp_gpio - GPIO pin number for external amp (0-15) or
1160 -1 for default pin (8 for allegro, 1 for
1161 others)
1162
1163 This module supports autoprobe and multiple chips.
1164
1165 Note: the binding of amplifier is dependent on hardware.
1166 If there is no sound even though all channels are unmuted, try to
1167 specify other gpio connection via amp_gpio option.
1168 For example, a Panasonic notebook might need "amp_gpio=0x0d"
1169 option.
1170
1171 The power-management is supported.
1172
1173 Module snd-mia
1174 ---------------
1175
1176 Module for Echoaudio Mia
1177
1178 This module supports multiple cards.
1179 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1180
1181 Module snd-miro
1182 ---------------
1183
1184 Module for Miro soundcards: miroSOUND PCM 1 pro,
1185 miroSOUND PCM 12,
1186 miroSOUND PCM 20 Radio.
1187
1188 port - Port # (0x530,0x604,0xe80,0xf40)
1189 irq - IRQ # (5,7,9,10,11)
1190 dma1 - 1st dma # (0,1,3)
1191 dma2 - 2nd dma # (0,1)
1192 mpu_port - MPU-401 port # (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1193 mpu_irq - MPU-401 irq # (5,7,9,10)
1194 fm_port - FM Port # (0x388)
1195 wss - enable WSS mode
1196 ide - enable onboard ide support
1197
1198 Module snd-mixart
1199 -----------------
1200
1201 Module for Digigram miXart8 sound cards.
1202
1203 This module supports multiple cards.
1204 Note: One miXart8 board will be represented as 4 alsa cards.
1205 See MIXART.txt for details.
1206
1207 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
1208 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
1209 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
1210 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
1211 firmware via mixartloader utility in alsa-tools package.
1212
1213 Module snd-mona
1214 ---------------
1215
1216 Module for Echoaudio Mona
1217
1218 This module supports multiple cards.
1219 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1220
1221 Module snd-mpu401
1222 -----------------
1223
1224 Module for MPU-401 UART devices.
1225
1226 port - port number or -1 (disable)
1227 irq - IRQ number or -1 (disable)
1228 pnp - PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1229
1230 This module supports multiple devices and PnP.
1231
1232 Module snd-msnd-classic
1233 -----------------------
1234
1235 Module for Turtle Beach MultiSound Classic, Tahiti or Monterey
1236 soundcards.
1237
1238 io - Port # for msnd-classic card
1239 irq - IRQ # for msnd-classic card
1240 mem - Memory address (0xb0000, 0xc8000, 0xd0000, 0xd8000,
1241 0xe0000 or 0xe8000)
1242 write_ndelay - enable write ndelay (default = 1)
1243 calibrate_signal - calibrate signal (default = 0)
1244 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1245 digital - Digital daughterboard present (default = 0)
1246 cfg - Config port (0x250, 0x260 or 0x270) default = PnP
1247 reset - Reset all devices
1248 mpu_io - MPU401 I/O port
1249 mpu_irq - MPU401 irq#
1250 ide_io0 - IDE port #0
1251 ide_io1 - IDE port #1
1252 ide_irq - IDE irq#
1253 joystick_io - Joystick I/O port
1254
1255 The driver requires firmware files "turtlebeach/msndinit.bin" and
1256 "turtlebeach/msndperm.bin" in the proper firmware directory.
1257
1258 See Documentation/sound/oss/MultiSound for important information
1259 about this driver. Note that it has been discontinued, but the
1260 Voyetra Turtle Beach knowledge base entry for it is still available
1261 at
1262 http://www.turtlebeach.com/site/kb_ftp/790.asp
1263
1264 Module snd-msnd-pinnacle
1265 ------------------------
1266
1267 Module for Turtle Beach MultiSound Pinnacle/Fiji soundcards.
1268
1269 io - Port # for pinnacle/fiji card
1270 irq - IRQ # for pinnalce/fiji card
1271 mem - Memory address (0xb0000, 0xc8000, 0xd0000, 0xd8000,
1272 0xe0000 or 0xe8000)
1273 write_ndelay - enable write ndelay (default = 1)
1274 calibrate_signal - calibrate signal (default = 0)
1275 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1276
1277 The driver requires firmware files "turtlebeach/pndspini.bin" and
1278 "turtlebeach/pndsperm.bin" in the proper firmware directory.
1279
1280 Module snd-mtpav
1281 ----------------
1282
1283 Module for MOTU MidiTimePiece AV multiport MIDI (on the parallel
1284 port).
1285
1286 port - I/O port # for MTPAV (0x378,0x278, default=0x378)
1287 irq - IRQ # for MTPAV (7,5, default=7)
1288 hwports - number of supported hardware ports, default=8.
1289
1290 Module supports only 1 card. This module has no enable option.
1291
1292 Module snd-mts64
1293 ----------------
1294
1295 Module for Ego Systems (ESI) Miditerminal 4140
1296
1297 This module supports multiple devices.
1298 Requires parport (CONFIG_PARPORT).
1299
1300 Module snd-nm256
1301 ----------------
1302
1303 Module for NeoMagic NM256AV/ZX chips
1304
1305 playback_bufsize - max playback frame size in kB (4-128kB)
1306 capture_bufsize - max capture frame size in kB (4-128kB)
1307 force_ac97 - 0 or 1 (disabled by default)
1308 buffer_top - specify buffer top address
1309 use_cache - 0 or 1 (disabled by default)
1310 vaio_hack - alias buffer_top=0x25a800
1311 reset_workaround - enable AC97 RESET workaround for some laptops
1312 reset_workaround2 - enable extended AC97 RESET workaround for some
1313 other laptops
1314
1315 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
1316
1317 The power-management is supported.
1318
1319 Note: on some notebooks the buffer address cannot be detected
1320 automatically, or causes hang-up during initialization.
1321 In such a case, specify the buffer top address explicitly via
1322 the buffer_top option.
1323 For example,
1324 Sony F250: buffer_top=0x25a800
1325 Sony F270: buffer_top=0x272800
1326 The driver supports only ac97 codec. It's possible to force
1327 to initialize/use ac97 although it's not detected. In such a
1328 case, use force_ac97=1 option - but *NO* guarantee whether it
1329 works!
1330
1331 Note: The NM256 chip can be linked internally with non-AC97
1332 codecs. This driver supports only the AC97 codec, and won't work
1333 with machines with other (most likely CS423x or OPL3SAx) chips,
1334 even though the device is detected in lspci. In such a case, try
1335 other drivers, e.g. snd-cs4232 or snd-opl3sa2. Some has ISA-PnP
1336 but some doesn't have ISA PnP. You'll need to specify isapnp=0
1337 and proper hardware parameters in the case without ISA PnP.
1338
1339 Note: some laptops need a workaround for AC97 RESET. For the
1340 known hardware like Dell Latitude LS and Sony PCG-F305, this
1341 workaround is enabled automatically. For other laptops with a
1342 hard freeze, you can try reset_workaround=1 option.
1343
1344 Note: Dell Latitude CSx laptops have another problem regarding
1345 AC97 RESET. On these laptops, reset_workaround2 option is
1346 turned on as default. This option is worth to try if the
1347 previous reset_workaround option doesn't help.
1348
1349 Note: This driver is really crappy. It's a porting from the
1350 OSS driver, which is a result of black-magic reverse engineering.
1351 The detection of codec will fail if the driver is loaded *after*
1352 X-server as described above. You might be able to force to load
1353 the module, but it may result in hang-up. Hence, make sure that
1354 you load this module *before* X if you encounter this kind of
1355 problem.
1356
1357 Module snd-opl3sa2
1358 ------------------
1359
1360 Module for Yamaha OPL3-SA2/SA3 sound cards.
1361
1362 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1363
1364 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1365
1366 port - control port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x370)
1367 sb_port - SB port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x220,0x240)
1368 wss_port - WSS port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1369 midi_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
1370 fm_port - FM port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x388), -1 = disable
1371 irq - IRQ # for OPL3-SA chip (5,7,9,10)
1372 dma1 - first DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3)
1373 dma2 - second DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
1374
1375 This module supports multiple cards and ISA PnP. It does not support
1376 autoprobe (if ISA PnP is not used) thus all ports must be specified!!!
1377
1378 The power-management is supported.
1379
1380 Module snd-opti92x-ad1848
1381 -------------------------
1382
1383 Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Analog Devices AD1848 chips.
1384 Module works with OAK Mozart cards as well.
1385
1386 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1387
1388 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1389
1390 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1391 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1392 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1393 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1394 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1395 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1396
1397 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1398
1399 Module snd-opti92x-cs4231
1400 -------------------------
1401
1402 Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Crystal CS4231 chips.
1403
1404 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1405
1406 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1407
1408 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1409 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1410 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1411 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1412 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1413 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1414 dma2 - second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1415
1416 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1417
1418 Module snd-opti93x
1419 ------------------
1420
1421 Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c93x chips.
1422
1423 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1424
1425 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1426
1427 port - port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1428 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1429 fm_port - port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1430 irq - IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1431 mpu_irq - IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1432 dma1 - first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1433 dma2 - second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1434
1435 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1436
1437 Module snd-oxygen
1438 -----------------
1439
1440 Module for sound cards based on the C-Media CMI8788 chip:
1441 * Asound A-8788
1442 * AuzenTech X-Meridian
1443 * Bgears b-Enspirer
1444 * Club3D Theatron DTS
1445 * HT-Omega Claro (plus)
1446 * HT-Omega Claro halo (XT)
1447 * Razer Barracuda AC-1
1448 * Sondigo Inferno
1449
1450 This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
1451
1452 Module snd-pcsp
1453 -----------------
1454
1455 Module for internal PC-Speaker.
1456
1457 nforce_wa - enable NForce chipset workaround. Expect bad sound.
1458
1459 This module supports system beeps, some kind of PCM playback and
1460 even a few mixer controls.
1461
1462 Module snd-pcxhr
1463 ----------------
1464
1465 Module for Digigram PCXHR boards
1466
1467 This module supports multiple cards.
1468
1469 Module snd-portman2x4
1470 ---------------------
1471
1472 Module for Midiman Portman 2x4 parallel port MIDI interface
1473
1474 This module supports multiple cards.
1475
1476 Module snd-powermac (on ppc only)
1477 ---------------------------------
1478
1479 Module for PowerMac, iMac and iBook on-board soundchips
1480
1481 enable_beep - enable beep using PCM (enabled as default)
1482
1483 Module supports autoprobe a chip.
1484
1485 Note: the driver may have problems regarding endianess.
1486
1487 The power-management is supported.
1488
1489 Module snd-pxa2xx-ac97 (on arm only)
1490 ------------------------------------
1491
1492 Module for AC97 driver for the Intel PXA2xx chip
1493
1494 For ARM architecture only.
1495
1496 The power-management is supported.
1497
1498 Module snd-riptide
1499 ------------------
1500
1501 Module for Conexant Riptide chip
1502
1503 joystick_port - Joystick port # (default: 0x200)
1504 mpu_port - MPU401 port # (default: 0x330)
1505 opl3_port - OPL3 port # (default: 0x388)
1506
1507 This module supports multiple cards.
1508 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1509 You need to install the firmware file "riptide.hex" to the standard
1510 firmware path (e.g. /lib/firmware).
1511
1512 Module snd-rme32
1513 ----------------
1514
1515 Module for RME Digi32, Digi32 Pro and Digi32/8 (Sek'd Prodif32,
1516 Prodif96 and Prodif Gold) sound cards.
1517
1518 This module supports multiple cards.
1519
1520 Module snd-rme96
1521 ----------------
1522
1523 Module for RME Digi96, Digi96/8 and Digi96/8 PRO/PAD/PST sound cards.
1524
1525 This module supports multiple cards.
1526
1527 Module snd-rme9652
1528 ------------------
1529
1530 Module for RME Digi9652 (Hammerfall, Hammerfall-Light) sound cards.
1531
1532 precise_ptr - Enable precise pointer (doesn't work reliably).
1533 (default = 0)
1534
1535 This module supports multiple cards.
1536
1537 Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
1538 module did formerly. It will allocate the buffers in advance
1539 when any RME9652 cards are found. To make the buffer
1540 allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
1541 stage of boot sequence. See "Early Buffer Allocation"
1542 section.
1543
1544 Module snd-sa11xx-uda1341 (on arm only)
1545 ---------------------------------------
1546
1547 Module for Philips UDA1341TS on Compaq iPAQ H3600 sound card.
1548
1549 Module supports only one card.
1550 Module has no enable and index options.
1551
1552 The power-management is supported.
1553
1554 Module snd-sb8
1555 --------------
1556
1557 Module for 8-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 1.0,
1558 SoundBlaster 2.0,
1559 SoundBlaster Pro
1560
1561 port - port # for SB DSP chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
1562 irq - IRQ # for SB DSP chip (5,7,9,10)
1563 dma8 - DMA # for SB DSP chip (1,3)
1564
1565 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1566
1567 The power-management is supported.
1568
1569 Module snd-sb16 and snd-sbawe
1570 -----------------------------
1571
1572 Module for 16-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 16 (PnP),
1573 SoundBlaster AWE 32 (PnP),
1574 SoundBlaster AWE 64 PnP
1575
1576 mic_agc - Mic Auto-Gain-Control - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1577 csp - ASP/CSP chip support - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
1578 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1579
1580 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1581
1582 port - port # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
1583 mpu_port - port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
1584 awe_port - base port # for EMU8000 synthesizer (0x620,0x640,0x660)
1585 (snd-sbawe module only)
1586 irq - IRQ # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,7,9,10)
1587 dma8 - 8-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0,1,3)
1588 dma16 - 16-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,6,7)
1589
1590 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1591
1592 Note: To use Vibra16X cards in 16-bit half duplex mode, you must
1593 disable 16bit DMA with dma16 = -1 module parameter.
1594 Also, all Sound Blaster 16 type cards can operate in 16-bit
1595 half duplex mode through 8-bit DMA channel by disabling their
1596 16-bit DMA channel.
1597
1598 The power-management is supported.
1599
1600 Module snd-sc6000
1601 -----------------
1602
1603 Module for Gallant SC-6000 soundcard and later models: SC-6600
1604 and SC-7000.
1605
1606 port - Port # (0x220 or 0x240)
1607 mss_port - MSS Port # (0x530 or 0xe80)
1608 irq - IRQ # (5,7,9,10,11)
1609 mpu_irq - MPU-401 IRQ # (5,7,9,10) ,0 - no MPU-401 irq
1610 dma - DMA # (1,3,0)
1611 joystick - Enable gameport - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
1612
1613 This module supports multiple cards.
1614
1615 This card is also known as Audio Excel DSP 16 or Zoltrix AV302.
1616
1617 Module snd-sgalaxy
1618 ------------------
1619
1620 Module for Aztech Sound Galaxy sound card.
1621
1622 sbport - Port # for SB16 interface (0x220,0x240)
1623 wssport - Port # for WSS interface (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1624 irq - IRQ # (7,9,10,11)
1625 dma1 - DMA #
1626
1627 This module supports multiple cards.
1628
1629 The power-management is supported.
1630
1631 Module snd-sscape
1632 -----------------
1633
1634 Module for ENSONIQ SoundScape PnP cards.
1635
1636 port - Port # (PnP setup)
1637 wss_port - WSS Port # (PnP setup)
1638 irq - IRQ # (PnP setup)
1639 mpu_irq - MPU-401 IRQ # (PnP setup)
1640 dma - DMA # (PnP setup)
1641 dma2 - 2nd DMA # (PnP setup, -1 to disable)
1642
1643 This module supports multiple cards. ISA PnP must be enabled.
1644 You need sscape_ctl tool in alsa-tools package for loading
1645 the microcode.
1646
1647 Module snd-sun-amd7930 (on sparc only)
1648 --------------------------------------
1649
1650 Module for AMD7930 sound chips found on Sparcs.
1651
1652 This module supports multiple cards.
1653
1654 Module snd-sun-cs4231 (on sparc only)
1655 -------------------------------------
1656
1657 Module for CS4231 sound chips found on Sparcs.
1658
1659 This module supports multiple cards.
1660
1661 Module snd-sun-dbri (on sparc only)
1662 -----------------------------------
1663
1664 Module for DBRI sound chips found on Sparcs.
1665
1666 This module supports multiple cards.
1667
1668 Module snd-wavefront
1669 --------------------
1670
1671 Module for Turtle Beach Maui, Tropez and Tropez+ sound cards.
1672
1673 use_cs4232_midi - Use CS4232 MPU-401 interface
1674 (inaccessibly located inside your computer)
1675 isapnp - ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1676
1677 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1678
1679 cs4232_pcm_port - Port # for CS4232 PCM interface.
1680 cs4232_pcm_irq - IRQ # for CS4232 PCM interface (5,7,9,11,12,15).
1681 cs4232_mpu_port - Port # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface.
1682 cs4232_mpu_irq - IRQ # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface (9,11,12,15).
1683 ics2115_port - Port # for ICS2115
1684 ics2115_irq - IRQ # for ICS2115
1685 fm_port - FM OPL-3 Port #
1686 dma1 - DMA1 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
1687 dma2 - DMA2 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
1688
1689 The below are options for wavefront_synth features:
1690 wf_raw - Assume that we need to boot the OS (default:no)
1691 If yes, then during driver loading, the state of the board is
1692 ignored, and we reset the board and load the firmware anyway.
1693 fx_raw - Assume that the FX process needs help (default:yes)
1694 If false, we'll leave the FX processor in whatever state it is
1695 when the driver is loaded. The default is to download the
1696 microprogram and associated coefficients to set it up for
1697 "default" operation, whatever that means.
1698 debug_default - Debug parameters for card initialization
1699 wait_usecs - How long to wait without sleeping, usecs
1700 (default:150)
1701 This magic number seems to give pretty optimal throughput
1702 based on my limited experimentation.
1703 If you want to play around with it and find a better value, be
1704 my guest. Remember, the idea is to get a number that causes us
1705 to just busy wait for as many WaveFront commands as possible,
1706 without coming up with a number so large that we hog the whole
1707 CPU.
1708 Specifically, with this number, out of about 134,000 status
1709 waits, only about 250 result in a sleep.
1710 sleep_interval - How long to sleep when waiting for reply
1711 (default: 100)
1712 sleep_tries - How many times to try sleeping during a wait
1713 (default: 50)
1714 ospath - Pathname to processed ICS2115 OS firmware
1715 (default:wavefront.os)
1716 The path name of the ISC2115 OS firmware. In the recent
1717 version, it's handled via firmware loader framework, so it
1718 must be installed in the proper path, typically,
1719 /lib/firmware.
1720 reset_time - How long to wait for a reset to take effect
1721 (default:2)
1722 ramcheck_time - How many seconds to wait for the RAM test
1723 (default:20)
1724 osrun_time - How many seconds to wait for the ICS2115 OS
1725 (default:10)
1726
1727 This module supports multiple cards and ISA PnP.
1728
1729 Note: the firmware file "wavefront.os" was located in the earlier
1730 version in /etc. Now it's loaded via firmware loader, and
1731 must be in the proper firmware path, such as /lib/firmware.
1732 Copy (or symlink) the file appropriately if you get an error
1733 regarding firmware downloading after upgrading the kernel.
1734
1735 Module snd-sonicvibes
1736 ---------------------
1737
1738 Module for S3 SonicVibes PCI sound cards.
1739 * PINE Schubert 32 PCI
1740
1741 reverb - Reverb Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default)
1742 - SoundCard must have onboard SRAM for this.
1743 mge - Mic Gain Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default)
1744
1745 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1746
1747 Module snd-serial-u16550
1748 ------------------------
1749
1750 Module for UART16550A serial MIDI ports.
1751
1752 port - port # for UART16550A chip
1753 irq - IRQ # for UART16550A chip, -1 = poll mode
1754 speed - speed in bauds (9600,19200,38400,57600,115200)
1755 38400 = default
1756 base - base for divisor in bauds (57600,115200,230400,460800)
1757 115200 = default
1758 outs - number of MIDI ports in a serial port (1-4)
1759 1 = default
1760 adaptor - Type of adaptor.
1761 0 = Soundcanvas, 1 = MS-124T, 2 = MS-124W S/A,
1762 3 = MS-124W M/B, 4 = Generic
1763
1764 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
1765 thus the main port must be specified!!! Other options are optional.
1766
1767 Module snd-trident
1768 ------------------
1769
1770 Module for Trident 4DWave DX/NX sound cards.
1771 * Best Union Miss Melody 4DWave PCI
1772 * HIS 4DWave PCI
1773 * Warpspeed ONSpeed 4DWave PCI
1774 * AzTech PCI 64-Q3D
1775 * Addonics SV 750
1776 * CHIC True Sound 4Dwave
1777 * Shark Predator4D-PCI
1778 * Jaton SonicWave 4D
1779 * SiS SI7018 PCI Audio
1780 * Hoontech SoundTrack Digital 4DWave NX
1781
1782 pcm_channels - max channels (voices) reserved for PCM
1783 wavetable_size - max wavetable size in kB (4-?kb)
1784
1785 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1786
1787 The power-management is supported.
1788
1789 Module snd-usb-audio
1790 --------------------
1791
1792 Module for USB audio and USB MIDI devices.
1793
1794 vid - Vendor ID for the device (optional)
1795 pid - Product ID for the device (optional)
1796 nrpacks - Max. number of packets per URB (default: 8)
1797 async_unlink - Use async unlink mode (default: yes)
1798 device_setup - Device specific magic number (optional)
1799 - Influence depends on the device
1800 - Default: 0x0000
1801 ignore_ctl_error - Ignore any USB-controller regarding mixer
1802 interface (default: no)
1803
1804 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
1805
1806 NB: nrpacks parameter can be modified dynamically via sysfs.
1807 Don't put the value over 20. Changing via sysfs has no sanity
1808 check.
1809 NB: async_unlink=0 would cause Oops. It remains just for
1810 debugging purpose (if any).
1811 NB: ignore_ctl_error=1 may help when you get an error at accessing
1812 the mixer element such as URB error -22. This happens on some
1813 buggy USB device or the controller.
1814
1815 Module snd-usb-caiaq
1816 --------------------
1817
1818 Module for caiaq UB audio interfaces,
1819 * Native Instruments RigKontrol2
1820 * Native Instruments Kore Controller
1821 * Native Instruments Audio Kontrol 1
1822 * Native Instruments Audio 8 DJ
1823
1824 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
1825
1826 Module snd-usb-usx2y
1827 --------------------
1828
1829 Module for Tascam USB US-122, US-224 and US-428 devices.
1830
1831 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
1832
1833 Note: you need to load the firmware via usx2yloader utility included
1834 in alsa-tools and alsa-firmware packages.
1835
1836 Module snd-via82xx
1837 ------------------
1838
1839 Module for AC'97 motherboards based on VIA 82C686A/686B, 8233,
1840 8233A, 8233C, 8235, 8237 (south) bridge.
1841
1842 mpu_port - 0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330, otherwise obtain BIOS setup
1843 [VIA686A/686B only]
1844 joystick - Enable joystick (default off) [VIA686A/686B only]
1845 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz)
1846 dxs_support - support DXS channels,
1847 0 = auto (default), 1 = enable, 2 = disable,
1848 3 = 48k only, 4 = no VRA, 5 = enable any sample
1849 rate and different sample rates on different
1850 channels
1851 [VIA8233/C, 8235, 8237 only]
1852 ac97_quirk - AC'97 workaround for strange hardware
1853 See "AC97 Quirk Option" section below.
1854
1855 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
1856
1857 Note: on some SMP motherboards like MSI 694D the interrupts might
1858 not be generated properly. In such a case, please try to
1859 set the SMP (or MPS) version on BIOS to 1.1 instead of
1860 default value 1.4. Then the interrupt number will be
1861 assigned under 15. You might also upgrade your BIOS.
1862
1863 Note: VIA8233/5/7 (not VIA8233A) can support DXS (direct sound)
1864 channels as the first PCM. On these channels, up to 4
1865 streams can be played at the same time, and the controller
1866 can perform sample rate conversion with separate rates for
1867 each channel.
1868 As default (dxs_support = 0), 48k fixed rate is chosen
1869 except for the known devices since the output is often
1870 noisy except for 48k on some mother boards due to the
1871 bug of BIOS.
1872 Please try once dxs_support=5 and if it works on other
1873 sample rates (e.g. 44.1kHz of mp3 playback), please let us
1874 know the PCI subsystem vendor/device id's (output of
1875 "lspci -nv").
1876 If dxs_support=5 does not work, try dxs_support=4; if it
1877 doesn't work too, try dxs_support=1. (dxs_support=1 is
1878 usually for old motherboards. The correct implemented
1879 board should work with 4 or 5.) If it still doesn't
1880 work and the default setting is ok, dxs_support=3 is the
1881 right choice. If the default setting doesn't work at all,
1882 try dxs_support=2 to disable the DXS channels.
1883 In any cases, please let us know the result and the
1884 subsystem vendor/device ids. See "Links and Addresses"
1885 below.
1886
1887 Note: for the MPU401 on VIA823x, use snd-mpu401 driver
1888 additionally. The mpu_port option is for VIA686 chips only.
1889
1890 The power-management is supported.
1891
1892 Module snd-via82xx-modem
1893 ------------------------
1894
1895 Module for VIA82xx AC97 modem
1896
1897 ac97_clock - AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz)
1898
1899 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
1900
1901 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
1902 slot is excluded.
1903
1904 The power-management is supported.
1905
1906 Module snd-virmidi
1907 ------------------
1908
1909 Module for virtual rawmidi devices.
1910 This module creates virtual rawmidi devices which communicate
1911 to the corresponding ALSA sequencer ports.
1912
1913 midi_devs - MIDI devices # (1-4, default=4)
1914
1915 This module supports multiple cards.
1916
1917 Module snd-virtuoso
1918 -------------------
1919
1920 Module for sound cards based on the Asus AV100/AV200 chips,
1921 i.e., Xonar D1, DX, D2, D2X, HDAV1.3 (Deluxe), Essence ST
1922 (Deluxe) and Essence STX.
1923
1924 This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
1925
1926 Module snd-vx222
1927 ----------------
1928
1929 Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX222, V222 v2 and Mic cards.
1930
1931 mic - Enable Microphone on V222 Mic (NYI)
1932 ibl - Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
1933
1934 This module supports multiple cards.
1935
1936 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
1937 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
1938 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
1939 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
1940 firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package. To invoke
1941 vxloader automatically, add the following to /etc/modprobe.conf
1942
1943 install snd-vx222 /sbin/modprobe --first-time -i snd-vx222 && /usr/bin/vxloader
1944
1945 (for 2.2/2.4 kernels, add "post-install /usr/bin/vxloader" to
1946 /etc/modules.conf, instead.)
1947 IBL size defines the interrupts period for PCM. The smaller size
1948 gives smaller latency but leads to more CPU consumption, too.
1949 The size is usually aligned to 126. As default (=0), the smallest
1950 size is chosen. The possible IBL values can be found in
1951 /proc/asound/cardX/vx-status proc file.
1952
1953 The power-management is supported.
1954
1955 Module snd-vxpocket
1956 -------------------
1957
1958 Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX2 and 440 PCMCIA cards.
1959
1960 ibl - Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
1961
1962 This module supports multiple cards. The module is compiled only when
1963 PCMCIA is supported on kernel.
1964
1965 With the older 2.6.x kernel, to activate the driver via the card
1966 manager, you'll need to set up /etc/pcmcia/vxpocket.conf. See the
1967 sound/pcmcia/vx/vxpocket.c. 2.6.13 or later kernel requires no
1968 longer require a config file.
1969
1970 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
1971 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
1972 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
1973 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
1974 firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package.
1975
1976 About capture IBL, see the description of snd-vx222 module.
1977
1978 Note: snd-vxp440 driver is merged to snd-vxpocket driver since
1979 ALSA 1.0.10.
1980
1981 The power-management is supported.
1982
1983 Module snd-ymfpci
1984 -----------------
1985
1986 Module for Yamaha PCI chips (YMF72x, YMF74x & YMF75x).
1987
1988 mpu_port - 0x300,0x330,0x332,0x334, 0 (disable) by default,
1989 1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
1990 fm_port - 0x388,0x398,0x3a0,0x3a8, 0 (disable) by default
1991 1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
1992 joystick_port - 0x201,0x202,0x204,0x205, 0 (disable) by default,
1993 1 (auto-detect)
1994 rear_switch - enable shared rear/line-in switch (bool)
1995
1996 This module supports autoprobe and multiple chips.
1997
1998 The power-management is supported.
1999
2000 Module snd-pdaudiocf
2001 --------------------
2002
2003 Module for Sound Core PDAudioCF sound card.
2004
2005 The power-management is supported.
2006
2007
2008AC97 Quirk Option
2009=================
2010
2011The ac97_quirk option is used to enable/override the workaround for
2012specific devices on drivers for on-board AC'97 controllers like
2013snd-intel8x0. Some hardware have swapped output pins between Master
2014and Headphone, or Surround (thanks to confusion of AC'97
2015specifications from version to version :-)
2016
2017The driver provides the auto-detection of known problematic devices,
2018but some might be unknown or wrongly detected. In such a case, pass
2019the proper value with this option.
2020
2021The following strings are accepted:
2022 - default Don't override the default setting
2023 - none Disable the quirk
2024 - hp_only Bind Master and Headphone controls as a single control
2025 - swap_hp Swap headphone and master controls
2026 - swap_surround Swap master and surround controls
2027 - ad_sharing For AD1985, turn on OMS bit and use headphone
2028 - alc_jack For ALC65x, turn on the jack sense mode
2029 - inv_eapd Inverted EAPD implementation
2030 - mute_led Bind EAPD bit for turning on/off mute LED
2031
2032For backward compatibility, the corresponding integer value -1, 0,
2033... are accepted, too.
2034
2035For example, if "Master" volume control has no effect on your device
2036but only "Headphone" does, pass ac97_quirk=hp_only module option.
2037
2038
2039Configuring Non-ISAPNP Cards
2040============================
2041
2042When the kernel is configured with ISA-PnP support, the modules
2043supporting the isapnp cards will have module options "isapnp".
2044If this option is set, *only* the ISA-PnP devices will be probed.
2045For probing the non ISA-PnP cards, you have to pass "isapnp=0" option
2046together with the proper i/o and irq configuration.
2047
2048When the kernel is configured without ISA-PnP support, isapnp option
2049will be not built in.
2050
2051
2052Module Autoloading Support
2053==========================
2054
2055The ALSA drivers can be loaded automatically on demand by defining
2056module aliases. The string 'snd-card-%1' is requested for ALSA native
2057devices where %i is sound card number from zero to seven.
2058
2059To auto-load an ALSA driver for OSS services, define the string
2060'sound-slot-%i' where %i means the slot number for OSS, which
2061corresponds to the card index of ALSA. Usually, define this
2062as the same card module.
2063
2064An example configuration for a single emu10k1 card is like below:
2065----- /etc/modprobe.conf
2066alias snd-card-0 snd-emu10k1
2067alias sound-slot-0 snd-emu10k1
2068----- /etc/modprobe.conf
2069
2070The available number of auto-loaded sound cards depends on the module
2071option "cards_limit" of snd module. As default it's set to 1.
2072To enable the auto-loading of multiple cards, specify the number of
2073sound cards in that option.
2074
2075When multiple cards are available, it'd better to specify the index
2076number for each card via module option, too, so that the order of
2077cards is kept consistent.
2078
2079An example configuration for two sound cards is like below:
2080
2081----- /etc/modprobe.conf
2082# ALSA portion
2083options snd cards_limit=2
2084alias snd-card-0 snd-interwave
2085alias snd-card-1 snd-ens1371
2086options snd-interwave index=0
2087options snd-ens1371 index=1
2088# OSS/Free portion
2089alias sound-slot-0 snd-interwave
2090alias sound-slot-1 snd-ens1371
2091----- /etc/modprobe.conf
2092
2093In this example, the interwave card is always loaded as the first card
2094(index 0) and ens1371 as the second (index 1).
2095
2096Alternative (and new) way to fixate the slot assignment is to use
2097"slots" option of snd module. In the case above, specify like the
2098following:
2099
2100options snd slots=snd-interwave,snd-ens1371
2101
2102Then, the first slot (#0) is reserved for snd-interwave driver, and
2103the second (#1) for snd-ens1371. You can omit index option in each
2104driver if slots option is used (although you can still have them at
2105the same time as long as they don't conflict).
2106
2107The slots option is especially useful for avoiding the possible
2108hot-plugging and the resultant slot conflict. For example, in the
2109case above again, the first two slots are already reserved. If any
2110other driver (e.g. snd-usb-audio) is loaded before snd-interwave or
2111snd-ens1371, it will be assigned to the third or later slot.
2112
2113When a module name is given with '!', the slot will be given for any
2114modules but that name. For example, "slots=!snd-pcsp" will reserve
2115the first slot for any modules but snd-pcsp.
2116
2117
2118ALSA PCM devices to OSS devices mapping
2119=======================================
2120
2121/dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio0 (/dev/audio) -> minor 4
2122/dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp0 (/dev/dsp) -> minor 3
2123/dev/snd/pcmC0D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp0 (/dev/adsp) -> minor 12
2124/dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio1 -> minor 4+16 = 20
2125/dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp1 -> minor 3+16 = 19
2126/dev/snd/pcmC1D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp1 -> minor 12+16 = 28
2127/dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio2 -> minor 4+32 = 36
2128/dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp2 -> minor 3+32 = 39
2129/dev/snd/pcmC2D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp2 -> minor 12+32 = 44
2130
2131The first number from /dev/snd/pcmC{X}D{Y}[c|p] expression means
2132sound card number and second means device number. The ALSA devices
2133have either 'c' or 'p' suffix indicating the direction, capture and
2134playback, respectively.
2135
2136Please note that the device mapping above may be varied via the module
2137options of snd-pcm-oss module.
2138
2139
2140Proc interfaces (/proc/asound)
2141==============================
2142
2143/proc/asound/card#/pcm#[cp]/oss
2144-------------------------------
2145 String "erase" - erase all additional informations about OSS applications
2146 String "<app_name> <fragments> <fragment_size> [<options>]"
2147
2148 <app_name> - name of application with (higher priority) or without path
2149 <fragments> - number of fragments or zero if auto
2150 <fragment_size> - size of fragment in bytes or zero if auto
2151 <options> - optional parameters
2152 - disable the application tries to open a pcm device for
2153 this channel but does not want to use it.
2154 (Cause a bug or mmap needs)
2155 It's good for Quake etc...
2156 - direct don't use plugins
2157 - block force block mode (rvplayer)
2158 - non-block force non-block mode
2159 - whole-frag write only whole fragments (optimization affecting
2160 playback only)
2161 - no-silence do not fill silence ahead to avoid clicks
2162 - buggy-ptr Returns the whitespace blocks in GETOPTR ioctl
2163 instead of filled blocks
2164
2165 Example: echo "x11amp 128 16384" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
2166 echo "squake 0 0 disable" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0c/oss
2167 echo "rvplayer 0 0 block" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
2168
2169
2170Early Buffer Allocation
2171=======================
2172
2173Some drivers (e.g. hdsp) require the large contiguous buffers, and
2174sometimes it's too late to find such spaces when the driver module is
2175actually loaded due to memory fragmentation. You can pre-allocate the
2176PCM buffers by loading snd-page-alloc module and write commands to its
2177proc file in prior, for example, in the early boot stage like
2178/etc/init.d/*.local scripts.
2179
2180Reading the proc file /proc/drivers/snd-page-alloc shows the current
2181usage of page allocation. In writing, you can send the following
2182commands to the snd-page-alloc driver:
2183
2184 - add VENDOR DEVICE MASK SIZE BUFFERS
2185
2186 VENDOR and DEVICE are PCI vendor and device IDs. They take
2187 integer numbers (0x prefix is needed for the hex).
2188 MASK is the PCI DMA mask. Pass 0 if not restricted.
2189 SIZE is the size of each buffer to allocate. You can pass
2190 k and m suffix for KB and MB. The max number is 16MB.
2191 BUFFERS is the number of buffers to allocate. It must be greater
2192 than 0. The max number is 4.
2193
2194 - erase
2195
2196 This will erase the all pre-allocated buffers which are not in
2197 use.
2198
2199
2200Links and Addresses
2201===================
2202
2203 ALSA project homepage
2204 http://www.alsa-project.org
2205
2206 Kernel Bugzilla
2207 http://bugzilla.kernel.org/
2208
2209 ALSA Developers ML
2210 mailto:alsa-devel@alsa-project.org
2211
2212 alsa-info.sh script
2213 http://www.alsa-project.org/alsa-info.sh