tjh.dev
Linux kernel mirror (for testing)
git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git
kernel
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1
2
3 HOWTO for the linux packet generator
4 ------------------------------------
5
6Date: 041221
7
8Enable CONFIG_NET_PKTGEN to compile and build pktgen.o either in kernel
9or as module. Module is preferred. insmod pktgen if needed. Once running
10pktgen creates a thread on each CPU where each thread has affinity to its CPU.
11Monitoring and controlling is done via /proc. Easiest to select a suitable
12a sample script and configure.
13
14On a dual CPU:
15
16ps aux | grep pkt
17root 129 0.3 0.0 0 0 ? SW 2003 523:20 [pktgen/0]
18root 130 0.3 0.0 0 0 ? SW 2003 509:50 [pktgen/1]
19
20
21For monitoring and control pktgen creates:
22 /proc/net/pktgen/pgctrl
23 /proc/net/pktgen/kpktgend_X
24 /proc/net/pktgen/ethX
25
26
27Viewing threads
28===============
29/proc/net/pktgen/kpktgend_0
30Name: kpktgend_0 max_before_softirq: 10000
31Running:
32Stopped: eth1
33Result: OK: max_before_softirq=10000
34
35Most important the devices assigned to thread. Note! A device can only belong
36to one thread.
37
38
39Viewing devices
40===============
41
42Parm section holds configured info. Current hold running stats.
43Result is printed after run or after interruption. Example:
44
45/proc/net/pktgen/eth1
46
47Params: count 10000000 min_pkt_size: 60 max_pkt_size: 60
48 frags: 0 delay: 0 clone_skb: 1000000 ifname: eth1
49 flows: 0 flowlen: 0
50 dst_min: 10.10.11.2 dst_max:
51 src_min: src_max:
52 src_mac: 00:00:00:00:00:00 dst_mac: 00:04:23:AC:FD:82
53 udp_src_min: 9 udp_src_max: 9 udp_dst_min: 9 udp_dst_max: 9
54 src_mac_count: 0 dst_mac_count: 0
55 Flags:
56Current:
57 pkts-sofar: 10000000 errors: 39664
58 started: 1103053986245187us stopped: 1103053999346329us idle: 880401us
59 seq_num: 10000011 cur_dst_mac_offset: 0 cur_src_mac_offset: 0
60 cur_saddr: 0x10a0a0a cur_daddr: 0x20b0a0a
61 cur_udp_dst: 9 cur_udp_src: 9
62 flows: 0
63Result: OK: 13101142(c12220741+d880401) usec, 10000000 (60byte,0frags)
64 763292pps 390Mb/sec (390805504bps) errors: 39664
65
66Configuring threads and devices
67================================
68This is done via the /proc interface easiest done via pgset in the scripts
69
70Examples:
71
72 pgset "clone_skb 1" sets the number of copies of the same packet
73 pgset "clone_skb 0" use single SKB for all transmits
74 pgset "pkt_size 9014" sets packet size to 9014
75 pgset "frags 5" packet will consist of 5 fragments
76 pgset "count 200000" sets number of packets to send, set to zero
77 for continuous sends until explicitly stopped.
78
79 pgset "delay 5000" adds delay to hard_start_xmit(). nanoseconds
80
81 pgset "dst 10.0.0.1" sets IP destination address
82 (BEWARE! This generator is very aggressive!)
83
84 pgset "dst_min 10.0.0.1" Same as dst
85 pgset "dst_max 10.0.0.254" Set the maximum destination IP.
86 pgset "src_min 10.0.0.1" Set the minimum (or only) source IP.
87 pgset "src_max 10.0.0.254" Set the maximum source IP.
88 pgset "dst6 fec0::1" IPV6 destination address
89 pgset "src6 fec0::2" IPV6 source address
90 pgset "dstmac 00:00:00:00:00:00" sets MAC destination address
91 pgset "srcmac 00:00:00:00:00:00" sets MAC source address
92
93 pgset "queue_map_min 0" Sets the min value of tx queue interval
94 pgset "queue_map_max 7" Sets the max value of tx queue interval, for multiqueue devices
95 To select queue 1 of a given device,
96 use queue_map_min=1 and queue_map_max=1
97
98 pgset "src_mac_count 1" Sets the number of MACs we'll range through.
99 The 'minimum' MAC is what you set with srcmac.
100
101 pgset "dst_mac_count 1" Sets the number of MACs we'll range through.
102 The 'minimum' MAC is what you set with dstmac.
103
104 pgset "flag [name]" Set a flag to determine behaviour. Current flags
105 are: IPSRC_RND #IP Source is random (between min/max),
106 IPDST_RND, UDPSRC_RND,
107 UDPDST_RND, MACSRC_RND, MACDST_RND
108 MPLS_RND, VID_RND, SVID_RND
109 QUEUE_MAP_RND # queue map random
110 QUEUE_MAP_CPU # queue map mirrors smp_processor_id()
111 IPSEC # Make IPsec encapsulation for packet
112
113 pgset spi SPI_VALUE Set specific SA used to transform packet.
114
115 pgset "udp_src_min 9" set UDP source port min, If < udp_src_max, then
116 cycle through the port range.
117
118 pgset "udp_src_max 9" set UDP source port max.
119 pgset "udp_dst_min 9" set UDP destination port min, If < udp_dst_max, then
120 cycle through the port range.
121 pgset "udp_dst_max 9" set UDP destination port max.
122
123 pgset "mpls 0001000a,0002000a,0000000a" set MPLS labels (in this example
124 outer label=16,middle label=32,
125 inner label=0 (IPv4 NULL)) Note that
126 there must be no spaces between the
127 arguments. Leading zeros are required.
128 Do not set the bottom of stack bit,
129 that's done automatically. If you do
130 set the bottom of stack bit, that
131 indicates that you want to randomly
132 generate that address and the flag
133 MPLS_RND will be turned on. You
134 can have any mix of random and fixed
135 labels in the label stack.
136
137 pgset "mpls 0" turn off mpls (or any invalid argument works too!)
138
139 pgset "vlan_id 77" set VLAN ID 0-4095
140 pgset "vlan_p 3" set priority bit 0-7 (default 0)
141 pgset "vlan_cfi 0" set canonical format identifier 0-1 (default 0)
142
143 pgset "svlan_id 22" set SVLAN ID 0-4095
144 pgset "svlan_p 3" set priority bit 0-7 (default 0)
145 pgset "svlan_cfi 0" set canonical format identifier 0-1 (default 0)
146
147 pgset "vlan_id 9999" > 4095 remove vlan and svlan tags
148 pgset "svlan 9999" > 4095 remove svlan tag
149
150
151 pgset "tos XX" set former IPv4 TOS field (e.g. "tos 28" for AF11 no ECN, default 00)
152 pgset "traffic_class XX" set former IPv6 TRAFFIC CLASS (e.g. "traffic_class B8" for EF no ECN, default 00)
153
154 pgset stop aborts injection. Also, ^C aborts generator.
155
156 pgset "rate 300M" set rate to 300 Mb/s
157 pgset "ratep 1000000" set rate to 1Mpps
158
159Example scripts
160===============
161
162A collection of small tutorial scripts for pktgen is in examples dir.
163
164pktgen.conf-1-1 # 1 CPU 1 dev
165pktgen.conf-1-2 # 1 CPU 2 dev
166pktgen.conf-2-1 # 2 CPU's 1 dev
167pktgen.conf-2-2 # 2 CPU's 2 dev
168pktgen.conf-1-1-rdos # 1 CPU 1 dev w. route DoS
169pktgen.conf-1-1-ip6 # 1 CPU 1 dev ipv6
170pktgen.conf-1-1-ip6-rdos # 1 CPU 1 dev ipv6 w. route DoS
171pktgen.conf-1-1-flows # 1 CPU 1 dev multiple flows.
172
173Run in shell: ./pktgen.conf-X-Y It does all the setup including sending.
174
175
176Interrupt affinity
177===================
178Note when adding devices to a specific CPU there good idea to also assign
179/proc/irq/XX/smp_affinity so the TX-interrupts gets bound to the same CPU.
180as this reduces cache bouncing when freeing skb's.
181
182Enable IPsec
183============
184Default IPsec transformation with ESP encapsulation plus Transport mode
185could be enabled by simply setting:
186
187pgset "flag IPSEC"
188pgset "flows 1"
189
190To avoid breaking existing testbed scripts for using AH type and tunnel mode,
191user could use "pgset spi SPI_VALUE" to specify which formal of transformation
192to employ.
193
194
195Current commands and configuration options
196==========================================
197
198** Pgcontrol commands:
199
200start
201stop
202
203** Thread commands:
204
205add_device
206rem_device_all
207max_before_softirq
208
209
210** Device commands:
211
212count
213clone_skb
214debug
215
216frags
217delay
218
219src_mac_count
220dst_mac_count
221
222pkt_size
223min_pkt_size
224max_pkt_size
225
226mpls
227
228udp_src_min
229udp_src_max
230
231udp_dst_min
232udp_dst_max
233
234flag
235 IPSRC_RND
236 TXSIZE_RND
237 IPDST_RND
238 UDPSRC_RND
239 UDPDST_RND
240 MACSRC_RND
241 MACDST_RND
242 IPSEC
243
244dst_min
245dst_max
246
247src_min
248src_max
249
250dst_mac
251src_mac
252
253clear_counters
254
255dst6
256src6
257
258flows
259flowlen
260
261rate
262ratep
263
264References:
265ftp://robur.slu.se/pub/Linux/net-development/pktgen-testing/
266ftp://robur.slu.se/pub/Linux/net-development/pktgen-testing/examples/
267
268Paper from Linux-Kongress in Erlangen 2004.
269ftp://robur.slu.se/pub/Linux/net-development/pktgen-testing/pktgen_paper.pdf
270
271Thanks to:
272Grant Grundler for testing on IA-64 and parisc, Harald Welte, Lennert Buytenhek
273Stephen Hemminger, Andi Kleen, Dave Miller and many others.
274
275
276Good luck with the linux net-development.