isValidDid($value)) { $fail("The {$attribute} is not a valid DID."); } } /** * Fallback DID validation. */ protected function isValidDid(string $value): bool { // DID format: did:method:method-specific-id return (bool) preg_match('/^did:[a-z]+:[a-zA-Z0-9._:%-]+$/', $value); } }