we / crates / browser / src / main.rs

use std::cell::RefCell;
use std::collections::HashMap;

use we_browser::css_loader::collect_stylesheets;
use we_browser::img_loader::{collect_images, ImageStore};
use we_browser::loader::{Resource, ResourceLoader, ABOUT_BLANK_HTML};
use we_browser::script_loader::execute_page_scripts;
use we_css::parser::Stylesheet;
use we_dom::{Document, NodeId};
use we_html::parse_html;
use we_image::pixel::Image;
use we_layout::layout;
use we_platform::appkit;
use we_platform::cg::BitmapContext;
use we_platform::metal::ClearColor;
use we_render::{Renderer, ScrollState};
use we_style::computed::resolve_styles;
use we_text::font::{self, Font};
use we_url::Url;

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Page state: holds everything needed to re-render without re-fetching
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

/// Pre-fetched page data. Stored so that window resizes only re-style,
/// re-layout, and re-render — no network requests.
struct PageState {
    doc: Document,
    stylesheet: Stylesheet,
    images: ImageStore,
}

/// Browser state kept in thread-local storage so the resize handler can
/// access it. All AppKit callbacks run on the main thread.
struct BrowserState {
    page: PageState,
    font: Font,
    bitmap: Box<BitmapContext>,
    view: ViewKind,
    /// Page-level scroll offset (vertical).
    page_scroll_y: f32,
    /// Total content height from the last layout (for scroll clamping).
    content_height: f32,
    /// Per-element scroll offsets for overflow:scroll/auto containers.
    scroll_offsets: HashMap<NodeId, (f32, f32)>,
}

/// The view kind: either Metal-backed or software bitmap.
enum ViewKind {
    Metal(appkit::MetalView),
    Bitmap(appkit::BitmapView),
}

thread_local! {
    static STATE: RefCell<Option<BrowserState>> = const { RefCell::new(None) };
}

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Rendering pipeline
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

/// Build a `HashMap<NodeId, (f32, f32)>` of display dimensions for layout.
fn image_sizes(store: &ImageStore) -> HashMap<NodeId, (f32, f32)> {
    let mut sizes = HashMap::new();
    for (node_id, res) in store {
        if res.display_width > 0.0 || res.display_height > 0.0 {
            sizes.insert(*node_id, (res.display_width, res.display_height));
        }
    }
    sizes
}

/// Build a `HashMap<NodeId, &Image>` reference map for the renderer.
fn image_refs(store: &ImageStore) -> HashMap<NodeId, &Image> {
    let mut refs = HashMap::new();
    for (node_id, res) in store {
        if let Some(ref img) = res.image {
            refs.insert(*node_id, img);
        }
    }
    refs
}

/// Re-run the pipeline: resolve styles → layout → render → copy to bitmap.
///
/// Uses pre-fetched `PageState` so no network I/O happens here.
/// Returns the total content height for scroll clamping.
fn render_page(
    page: &PageState,
    font: &Font,
    bitmap: &mut BitmapContext,
    page_scroll_y: f32,
    scroll_offsets: &ScrollState,
) -> f32 {
    let width = bitmap.width() as u32;
    let height = bitmap.height() as u32;
    if width == 0 || height == 0 {
        return 0.0;
    }

    // Resolve computed styles from DOM + stylesheet.
    let styled = match resolve_styles(
        &page.doc,
        std::slice::from_ref(&page.stylesheet),
        (width as f32, height as f32),
    ) {
        Some(s) => s,
        None => return 0.0,
    };

    // Build image maps for layout (sizes) and render (pixel data).
    let sizes = image_sizes(&page.images);
    let refs = image_refs(&page.images);

    // Layout.
    let tree = layout(
        &styled,
        &page.doc,
        width as f32,
        height as f32,
        font,
        &sizes,
    );

    // Render with scroll state.
    let mut renderer = Renderer::new(width, height);
    renderer.paint_with_scroll(&tree, font, &refs, page_scroll_y, scroll_offsets);

    // Copy rendered pixels into the bitmap context's buffer.
    let src = renderer.pixels();
    let dst = bitmap.pixels_mut();
    let len = src.len().min(dst.len());
    dst[..len].copy_from_slice(&src[..len]);

    // Return total content height for scroll clamping.
    tree.root.content_height
}

/// Called by the platform crate when the window is resized.
fn handle_resize(width: f64, height: f64) {
    STATE.with(|state| {
        let mut state = state.borrow_mut();
        let state = match state.as_mut() {
            Some(s) => s,
            None => return,
        };

        let w = width as usize;
        let h = height as usize;
        if w == 0 || h == 0 {
            return;
        }

        // Create a new bitmap context with the new dimensions.
        let mut new_bitmap = match BitmapContext::new(w, h) {
            Some(b) => Box::new(b),
            None => return,
        };

        let content_height = render_page(
            &state.page,
            &state.font,
            &mut new_bitmap,
            state.page_scroll_y,
            &state.scroll_offsets,
        );
        state.content_height = content_height;

        // Clamp scroll position after resize (viewport may have grown).
        let viewport_height = h as f32;
        let max_scroll = (state.content_height - viewport_height).max(0.0);
        state.page_scroll_y = state.page_scroll_y.clamp(0.0, max_scroll);

        // Swap in the new bitmap and update the view.
        state.bitmap = new_bitmap;
        match &state.view {
            ViewKind::Metal(metal_view) => {
                metal_view.update_drawable_size(width, height);
                metal_view.set_needs_display();
            }
            ViewKind::Bitmap(bitmap_view) => {
                bitmap_view.update_bitmap(&state.bitmap);
            }
        }
    });
}

/// Called by the platform crate on scroll wheel events.
fn handle_scroll(_dx: f64, dy: f64, _mouse_x: f64, _mouse_y: f64) {
    STATE.with(|state| {
        let mut state = state.borrow_mut();
        let state = match state.as_mut() {
            Some(s) => s,
            None => return,
        };

        let viewport_height = state.bitmap.height() as f32;
        let max_scroll = (state.content_height - viewport_height).max(0.0);

        // Apply scroll delta (negative dy = scroll down).
        state.page_scroll_y = (state.page_scroll_y - dy as f32).clamp(0.0, max_scroll);

        // Re-render with updated scroll position.
        let content_height = render_page(
            &state.page,
            &state.font,
            &mut state.bitmap,
            state.page_scroll_y,
            &state.scroll_offsets,
        );
        state.content_height = content_height;
        match &state.view {
            ViewKind::Metal(metal_view) => metal_view.set_needs_display(),
            ViewKind::Bitmap(bitmap_view) => bitmap_view.set_needs_display(),
        }
    });
}

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Page loading
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

/// Result of loading a page: HTML text + base URL for resolving subresources.
struct LoadedHtml {
    text: String,
    base_url: Url,
}

/// Load content from a command-line argument.
///
/// Tries the argument as a URL first (http://, https://, about:, data:),
/// then falls back to reading it as a local file.
/// On failure, returns an error page instead of exiting.
fn load_from_arg(arg: &str) -> LoadedHtml {
    // Try as URL if it has a recognized scheme.
    if arg.starts_with("http://")
        || arg.starts_with("https://")
        || arg.starts_with("about:")
        || arg.starts_with("data:")
    {
        let mut loader = ResourceLoader::new();
        match loader.fetch_url(arg, None) {
            Ok(Resource::Html { text, base_url, .. }) => {
                return LoadedHtml { text, base_url };
            }
            Ok(_) => {
                return error_page(&format!("URL did not return HTML: {arg}"));
            }
            Err(e) => {
                return error_page(&format!("Failed to load {arg}: {e}"));
            }
        }
    }

    // Fall back to file path.
    match std::fs::read_to_string(arg) {
        Ok(content) => {
            // Use a file:// base URL for resolving relative paths.
            let abs_path =
                std::fs::canonicalize(arg).unwrap_or_else(|_| std::path::PathBuf::from(arg));
            let base_str = format!("file://{}", abs_path.display());
            let base_url = Url::parse(&base_str).unwrap_or_else(|_| {
                Url::parse("about:blank").expect("about:blank is always valid")
            });
            LoadedHtml {
                text: content,
                base_url,
            }
        }
        Err(e) => error_page(&format!("Error reading {arg}: {e}")),
    }
}

/// Generate an HTML error page for display.
fn error_page(message: &str) -> LoadedHtml {
    eprintln!("{message}");
    let escaped = message
        .replace('&', "&amp;")
        .replace('<', "&lt;")
        .replace('>', "&gt;");
    let html = format!(
        "<!DOCTYPE html>\
         <html><head><title>Error</title>\
         <style>\
         body {{ font-family: sans-serif; margin: 40px; color: #333; }}\
         h1 {{ color: #c00; }}\
         p {{ font-size: 16px; }}\
         </style></head>\
         <body><h1>Error</h1><p>{escaped}</p></body></html>"
    );
    let base_url = Url::parse("about:blank").expect("about:blank is always valid");
    LoadedHtml {
        text: html,
        base_url,
    }
}

/// Load a page: fetch HTML, parse DOM, execute scripts, collect CSS and images.
fn load_page(loaded: LoadedHtml) -> PageState {
    let doc = parse_html(&loaded.text);

    // Execute <script> elements. Scripts may modify the DOM, so this must
    // run before collecting CSS and images (which depend on DOM structure).
    let mut loader = ResourceLoader::new();
    let doc = execute_page_scripts(doc, &mut loader, &loaded.base_url);

    // Fetch external stylesheets and merge with inline <style> elements.
    let stylesheet = collect_stylesheets(&doc, &mut loader, &loaded.base_url);

    // Fetch and decode images referenced by <img> elements.
    let images = collect_images(&doc, &mut loader, &loaded.base_url);

    PageState {
        doc,
        stylesheet,
        images,
    }
}

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Entry point
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

fn main() {
    // Load page from argument (URL, file path) or default to about:blank.
    let loaded = match std::env::args().nth(1) {
        Some(arg) => load_from_arg(&arg),
        None => LoadedHtml {
            text: ABOUT_BLANK_HTML.to_string(),
            base_url: Url::parse("about:blank").expect("about:blank is always valid"),
        },
    };

    // Parse DOM and fetch subresources (CSS, images).
    let page = load_page(loaded);

    // Load a system font for text rendering.
    let font = match font::load_system_font() {
        Ok(f) => f,
        Err(e) => {
            eprintln!("Error loading system font: {:?}", e);
            std::process::exit(1);
        }
    };

    let _pool = appkit::AutoreleasePool::new();

    let app = appkit::App::shared();
    app.set_activation_policy(appkit::NS_APPLICATION_ACTIVATION_POLICY_REGULAR);
    appkit::install_app_delegate(&app);

    let window = appkit::create_standard_window("we");
    appkit::install_window_delegate(&window);
    window.set_accepts_mouse_moved_events(true);

    // Initial render at the default window size (800x600).
    let mut bitmap =
        Box::new(BitmapContext::new(800, 600).expect("failed to create bitmap context"));
    let scroll_offsets: HashMap<NodeId, (f32, f32)> = HashMap::new();
    let content_height = render_page(&page, &font, &mut bitmap, 0.0, &scroll_offsets);

    // Create the view — try Metal first, fall back to software bitmap.
    let frame = appkit::NSRect::new(0.0, 0.0, 800.0, 600.0);
    let clear_color = ClearColor::new(1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0); // white background
    let view = match appkit::MetalView::new(frame, clear_color) {
        Some(metal_view) => {
            window.set_content_view(&metal_view.id());
            ViewKind::Metal(metal_view)
        }
        None => {
            eprintln!("Metal not available, falling back to software rendering");
            let bitmap_view = appkit::BitmapView::new(frame, &bitmap);
            window.set_content_view(&bitmap_view.id());
            ViewKind::Bitmap(bitmap_view)
        }
    };

    // Store state for the resize handler.
    STATE.with(|state| {
        *state.borrow_mut() = Some(BrowserState {
            page,
            font,
            bitmap,
            view,
            page_scroll_y: 0.0,
            content_height,
            scroll_offsets,
        });
    });

    // Register resize and scroll handlers.
    appkit::set_resize_handler(handle_resize);
    appkit::set_scroll_handler(handle_scroll);

    window.make_key_and_order_front();
    app.activate();
    app.run();
}