/* * log2f.s * * by Ian Ollmann * * Copyright © 2007 Apple Inc. All Rights Reserved. */ #include #include "abi.h" .const .align 4 // 256 entry of Lookup table of values used for log2 calculation, generated as: // // [ollmia:/tmp] iano% cat main.c // #include // #include // #include // // int main (void) // { // // int i; // // for( i = 0; i < 256; i++ ) // { // double d = (double) i / 256.0 + 1.0; // union // { // double d; // uint64_t u; // }u, u2; // // u.d = log2l( (long double) d ); // u2.d = 1.0 / d; // // printf( "0x%llx, 0x%llx,\t//log2(%7.5f), 1/%7.5f\n", u.u, u2.u, d, d ); // } // // return 0; // } log2f_table: .quad 0x0, 0x3ff0000000000000 //log2(1.00000), 1/1.00000 .quad 0x3f7709c46d7aac77, 0x3fefe01fe01fe020 //log2(1.00391), 1/1.00391 .quad 0x3f86fe50b6ef0851, 0x3fefc07f01fc07f0 //log2(1.00781), 1/1.00781 .quad 0x3f91363117a97b0c, 0x3fefa11caa01fa12 //log2(1.01172), 1/1.01172 .quad 0x3f96e79685c2d22a, 0x3fef81f81f81f820 //log2(1.01562), 1/1.01562 .quad 0x3f9c9363ba850f86, 0x3fef6310aca0dbb5 //log2(1.01953), 1/1.01953 .quad 0x3fa11cd1d5133413, 0x3fef44659e4a4271 //log2(1.02344), 1/1.02344 .quad 0x3fa3ed3094685a26, 0x3fef25f644230ab5 //log2(1.02734), 1/1.02734 .quad 0x3fa6bad3758efd87, 0x3fef07c1f07c1f08 //log2(1.03125), 1/1.03125 .quad 0x3fa985bfc3495194, 0x3feee9c7f8458e02 //log2(1.03516), 1/1.03516 .quad 0x3fac4dfab90aab5f, 0x3feecc07b301ecc0 //log2(1.03906), 1/1.03906 .quad 0x3faf1389833253a0, 0x3feeae807aba01eb //log2(1.04297), 1/1.04297 .quad 0x3fb0eb389fa29f9b, 0x3fee9131abf0b767 //log2(1.04688), 1/1.04688 .quad 0x3fb24b5b7e135a3d, 0x3fee741aa59750e4 //log2(1.05078), 1/1.05078 .quad 0x3fb3aa2fdd27f1c3, 0x3fee573ac901e574 //log2(1.05469), 1/1.05469 .quad 0x3fb507b836033bb7, 0x3fee3a9179dc1a73 //log2(1.05859), 1/1.05859 .quad 0x3fb663f6fac91316, 0x3fee1e1e1e1e1e1e //log2(1.06250), 1/1.06250 .quad 0x3fb7beee96b8a281, 0x3fee01e01e01e01e //log2(1.06641), 1/1.06641 .quad 0x3fb918a16e46335b, 0x3fede5d6e3f8868a //log2(1.07031), 1/1.07031 .quad 0x3fba7111df348494, 0x3fedca01dca01dca //log2(1.07422), 1/1.07422 .quad 0x3fbbc84240adabba, 0x3fedae6076b981db //log2(1.07812), 1/1.07812 .quad 0x3fbd1e34e35b82da, 0x3fed92f2231e7f8a //log2(1.08203), 1/1.08203 .quad 0x3fbe72ec117fa5b2, 0x3fed77b654b82c34 //log2(1.08594), 1/1.08594 .quad 0x3fbfc66a0f0b00a5, 0x3fed5cac807572b2 //log2(1.08984), 1/1.08984 .quad 0x3fc08c588cda79e4, 0x3fed41d41d41d41d //log2(1.09375), 1/1.09375 .quad 0x3fc134e1b489062e, 0x3fed272ca3fc5b1a //log2(1.09766), 1/1.09766 .quad 0x3fc1dcd197552b7b, 0x3fed0cb58f6ec074 //log2(1.10156), 1/1.10156 .quad 0x3fc284294b07a640, 0x3fecf26e5c44bfc6 //log2(1.10547), 1/1.10547 .quad 0x3fc32ae9e278ae1a, 0x3fecd85689039b0b //log2(1.10938), 1/1.10938 .quad 0x3fc3d1146d9a8a64, 0x3fecbe6d9601cbe7 //log2(1.11328), 1/1.11328 .quad 0x3fc476a9f983f74d, 0x3feca4b3055ee191 //log2(1.11719), 1/1.11719 .quad 0x3fc51bab907a5c8a, 0x3fec8b265afb8a42 //log2(1.12109), 1/1.12109 .quad 0x3fc5c01a39fbd688, 0x3fec71c71c71c71c //log2(1.12500), 1/1.12500 .quad 0x3fc663f6fac91316, 0x3fec5894d10d4986 //log2(1.12891), 1/1.12891 .quad 0x3fc70742d4ef027f, 0x3fec3f8f01c3f8f0 //log2(1.13281), 1/1.13281 .quad 0x3fc7a9fec7d05ddf, 0x3fec26b5392ea01c //log2(1.13672), 1/1.13672 .quad 0x3fc84c2bd02f03b3, 0x3fec0e070381c0e0 //log2(1.14062), 1/1.14062 .quad 0x3fc8edcae8352b6c, 0x3febf583ee868d8b //log2(1.14453), 1/1.14453 .quad 0x3fc98edd077e70df, 0x3febdd2b899406f7 //log2(1.14844), 1/1.14844 .quad 0x3fca2f632320b86b, 0x3febc4fd65883e7b //log2(1.15234), 1/1.15234 .quad 0x3fcacf5e2db4ec94, 0x3febacf914c1bad0 //log2(1.15625), 1/1.15625 .quad 0x3fcb6ecf175f95e9, 0x3feb951e2b18ff23 //log2(1.16016), 1/1.16016 .quad 0x3fcc0db6cdd94dee, 0x3feb7d6c3dda338b //log2(1.16406), 1/1.16406 .quad 0x3fccac163c770dc9, 0x3feb65e2e3beee05 //log2(1.16797), 1/1.16797 .quad 0x3fcd49ee4c325970, 0x3feb4e81b4e81b4f //log2(1.17188), 1/1.17188 .quad 0x3fcde73fe3b1480f, 0x3feb37484ad806ce //log2(1.17578), 1/1.17578 .quad 0x3fce840be74e6a4d, 0x3feb2036406c80d9 //log2(1.17969), 1/1.17969 .quad 0x3fcf205339208f27, 0x3feb094b31d922a4 //log2(1.18359), 1/1.18359 .quad 0x3fcfbc16b902680a, 0x3feaf286bca1af28 //log2(1.18750), 1/1.18750 .quad 0x3fd02baba24d0664, 0x3feadbe87f94905e //log2(1.19141), 1/1.19141 .quad 0x3fd0790adbb03009, 0x3feac5701ac5701b //log2(1.19531), 1/1.19531 .quad 0x3fd0c62975542a8f, 0x3feaaf1d2f87ebfd //log2(1.19922), 1/1.19922 .quad 0x3fd11307dad30b76, 0x3fea98ef606a63be //log2(1.20312), 1/1.20312 .quad 0x3fd15fa676bb08ff, 0x3fea82e65130e159 //log2(1.20703), 1/1.20703 .quad 0x3fd1ac05b291f070, 0x3fea6d01a6d01a6d //log2(1.21094), 1/1.21094 .quad 0x3fd1f825f6d88e13, 0x3fea574107688a4a //log2(1.21484), 1/1.21484 .quad 0x3fd24407ab0e073a, 0x3fea41a41a41a41a //log2(1.21875), 1/1.21875 .quad 0x3fd28fab35b32683, 0x3fea2c2a87c51ca0 //log2(1.22266), 1/1.22266 .quad 0x3fd2db10fc4d9aaf, 0x3fea16d3f97a4b02 //log2(1.22656), 1/1.22656 .quad 0x3fd32639636b2836, 0x3fea01a01a01a01a //log2(1.23047), 1/1.23047 .quad 0x3fd37124cea4cded, 0x3fe9ec8e951033d9 //log2(1.23438), 1/1.23438 .quad 0x3fd3bbd3a0a1dcfb, 0x3fe9d79f176b682d //log2(1.23828), 1/1.23828 .quad 0x3fd406463b1b0449, 0x3fe9c2d14ee4a102 //log2(1.24219), 1/1.24219 .quad 0x3fd4507cfedd4fc4, 0x3fe9ae24ea5510da //log2(1.24609), 1/1.24609 .quad 0x3fd49a784bcd1b8b, 0x3fe999999999999a //log2(1.25000), 1/1.25000 .quad 0x3fd4e43880e8fb6a, 0x3fe9852f0d8ec0ff //log2(1.25391), 1/1.25391 .quad 0x3fd52dbdfc4c96b3, 0x3fe970e4f80cb872 //log2(1.25781), 1/1.25781 .quad 0x3fd577091b3378cb, 0x3fe95cbb0be377ae //log2(1.26172), 1/1.26172 .quad 0x3fd5c01a39fbd688, 0x3fe948b0fcd6e9e0 //log2(1.26562), 1/1.26562 .quad 0x3fd608f1b42948ae, 0x3fe934c67f9b2ce6 //log2(1.26953), 1/1.26953 .quad 0x3fd6518fe4677ba7, 0x3fe920fb49d0e229 //log2(1.27344), 1/1.27344 .quad 0x3fd699f5248cd4b8, 0x3fe90d4f120190d5 //log2(1.27734), 1/1.27734 .quad 0x3fd6e221cd9d0cde, 0x3fe8f9c18f9c18fa //log2(1.28125), 1/1.28125 .quad 0x3fd72a1637cbc183, 0x3fe8e6527af1373f //log2(1.28516), 1/1.28516 .quad 0x3fd771d2ba7efb3c, 0x3fe8d3018d3018d3 //log2(1.28906), 1/1.28906 .quad 0x3fd7b957ac51aac4, 0x3fe8bfce8062ff3a //log2(1.29297), 1/1.29297 .quad 0x3fd800a563161c54, 0x3fe8acb90f6bf3aa //log2(1.29688), 1/1.29688 .quad 0x3fd847bc33d8618e, 0x3fe899c0f601899c //log2(1.30078), 1/1.30078 .quad 0x3fd88e9c72e0b226, 0x3fe886e5f0abb04a //log2(1.30469), 1/1.30469 .quad 0x3fd8d54673b5c372, 0x3fe87427bcc092b9 //log2(1.30859), 1/1.30859 .quad 0x3fd91bba891f1709, 0x3fe8618618618618 //log2(1.31250), 1/1.31250 .quad 0x3fd961f90527409c, 0x3fe84f00c2780614 //log2(1.31641), 1/1.31641 .quad 0x3fd9a802391e232f, 0x3fe83c977ab2bedd //log2(1.32031), 1/1.32031 .quad 0x3fd9edd6759b25e0, 0x3fe82a4a0182a4a0 //log2(1.32422), 1/1.32422 .quad 0x3fda33760a7f6051, 0x3fe8181818181818 //log2(1.32812), 1/1.32812 .quad 0x3fda78e146f7bef4, 0x3fe8060180601806 //log2(1.33203), 1/1.33203 .quad 0x3fdabe18797f1f49, 0x3fe7f405fd017f40 //log2(1.33594), 1/1.33594 .quad 0x3fdb031befe06434, 0x3fe7e225515a4f1d //log2(1.33984), 1/1.33984 .quad 0x3fdb47ebf73882a1, 0x3fe7d05f417d05f4 //log2(1.34375), 1/1.34375 .quad 0x3fdb8c88dbf8867a, 0x3fe7beb3922e017c //log2(1.34766), 1/1.34766 .quad 0x3fdbd0f2e9e79031, 0x3fe7ad2208e0ecc3 //log2(1.35156), 1/1.35156 .quad 0x3fdc152a6c24cae6, 0x3fe79baa6bb6398b //log2(1.35547), 1/1.35547 .quad 0x3fdc592fad295b56, 0x3fe78a4c8178a4c8 //log2(1.35938), 1/1.35938 .quad 0x3fdc9d02f6ca47b4, 0x3fe77908119ac60d //log2(1.36328), 1/1.36328 .quad 0x3fdce0a4923a587d, 0x3fe767dce434a9b1 //log2(1.36719), 1/1.36719 .quad 0x3fdd2414c80bf27d, 0x3fe756cac201756d //log2(1.37109), 1/1.37109 .quad 0x3fdd6753e032ea0f, 0x3fe745d1745d1746 //log2(1.37500), 1/1.37500 .quad 0x3fddaa6222064fb9, 0x3fe734f0c541fe8d //log2(1.37891), 1/1.37891 .quad 0x3fdded3fd442364c, 0x3fe724287f46debc //log2(1.38281), 1/1.38281 .quad 0x3fde2fed3d097298, 0x3fe713786d9c7c09 //log2(1.38672), 1/1.38672 .quad 0x3fde726aa1e754d2, 0x3fe702e05c0b8170 //log2(1.39062), 1/1.39062 .quad 0x3fdeb4b847d15bce, 0x3fe6f26016f26017 //log2(1.39453), 1/1.39453 .quad 0x3fdef6d67328e220, 0x3fe6e1f76b4337c7 //log2(1.39844), 1/1.39844 .quad 0x3fdf38c567bcc541, 0x3fe6d1a62681c861 //log2(1.40234), 1/1.40234 .quad 0x3fdf7a8568cb06cf, 0x3fe6c16c16c16c17 //log2(1.40625), 1/1.40625 .quad 0x3fdfbc16b902680a, 0x3fe6b1490aa31a3d //log2(1.41016), 1/1.41016 .quad 0x3fdffd799a83ff9b, 0x3fe6a13cd1537290 //log2(1.41406), 1/1.41406 .quad 0x3fe01f57277264e0, 0x3fe691473a88d0c0 //log2(1.41797), 1/1.41797 .quad 0x3fe03fda8b97997f, 0x3fe6816816816817 //log2(1.42188), 1/1.42188 .quad 0x3fe0604719f24eb2, 0x3fe6719f3601671a //log2(1.42578), 1/1.42578 .quad 0x3fe0809cf27f703d, 0x3fe661ec6a5122f9 //log2(1.42969), 1/1.42969 .quad 0x3fe0a0dc34f8e1fc, 0x3fe6524f853b4aa3 //log2(1.43359), 1/1.43359 .quad 0x3fe0c10500d63aa6, 0x3fe642c8590b2164 //log2(1.43750), 1/1.43750 .quad 0x3fe0e117754d7c11, 0x3fe63356b88ac0de //log2(1.44141), 1/1.44141 .quad 0x3fe10113b153c8ea, 0x3fe623fa77016240 //log2(1.44531), 1/1.44531 .quad 0x3fe120f9d39e1807, 0x3fe614b36831ae94 //log2(1.44922), 1/1.44922 .quad 0x3fe140c9faa1e544, 0x3fe6058160581606 //log2(1.45312), 1/1.45312 .quad 0x3fe160844495e006, 0x3fe5f66434292dfc //log2(1.45703), 1/1.45703 .quad 0x3fe18028cf72976a, 0x3fe5e75bb8d015e7 //log2(1.46094), 1/1.46094 .quad 0x3fe19fb7b8f32421, 0x3fe5d867c3ece2a5 //log2(1.46484), 1/1.46484 .quad 0x3fe1bf311e95d00e, 0x3fe5c9882b931057 //log2(1.46875), 1/1.46875 .quad 0x3fe1de951d9cbba6, 0x3fe5babcc647fa91 //log2(1.47266), 1/1.47266 .quad 0x3fe1fde3d30e8126, 0x3fe5ac056b015ac0 //log2(1.47656), 1/1.47656 .quad 0x3fe21d1d5bb6d59a, 0x3fe59d61f123ccaa //log2(1.48047), 1/1.48047 .quad 0x3fe23c41d42727c8, 0x3fe58ed2308158ed //log2(1.48438), 1/1.48438 .quad 0x3fe25b5158b73d04, 0x3fe5805601580560 //log2(1.48828), 1/1.48828 .quad 0x3fe27a4c0585cbf8, 0x3fe571ed3c506b3a //log2(1.49219), 1/1.49219 .quad 0x3fe29931f6791560, 0x3fe56397ba7c52e2 //log2(1.49609), 1/1.49609 .quad 0x3fe2b803473f7ad1, 0x3fe5555555555555 //log2(1.50000), 1/1.50000 .quad 0x3fe2d6c013501380, 0x3fe54725e6bb82fe //log2(1.50391), 1/1.50391 .quad 0x3fe2f56875eb3f26, 0x3fe5390948f40feb //log2(1.50781), 1/1.50781 .quad 0x3fe313fc8a1b36f2, 0x3fe52aff56a8054b //log2(1.51172), 1/1.51172 .quad 0x3fe3327c6ab49ca7, 0x3fe51d07eae2f815 //log2(1.51562), 1/1.51562 .quad 0x3fe350e8325707d9, 0x3fe50f22e111c4c5 //log2(1.51953), 1/1.51953 .quad 0x3fe36f3ffb6d9162, 0x3fe5015015015015 //log2(1.52344), 1/1.52344 .quad 0x3fe38d83e02f5d09, 0x3fe4f38f62dd4c9b //log2(1.52734), 1/1.52734 .quad 0x3fe3abb3faa02167, 0x3fe4e5e0a72f0539 //log2(1.53125), 1/1.53125 .quad 0x3fe3c9d06490ae12, 0x3fe4d843bedc2c4c //log2(1.53516), 1/1.53516 .quad 0x3fe3e7d9379f7016, 0x3fe4cab88725af6e //log2(1.53906), 1/1.53906 .quad 0x3fe405ce8d38f4bc, 0x3fe4bd3edda68fe1 //log2(1.54297), 1/1.54297 .quad 0x3fe423b07e986aa9, 0x3fe4afd6a052bf5b //log2(1.54688), 1/1.54688 .quad 0x3fe4417f24c82165, 0x3fe4a27fad76014a //log2(1.55078), 1/1.55078 .quad 0x3fe45f3a98a20739, 0x3fe49539e3b2d067 //log2(1.55469), 1/1.55469 .quad 0x3fe47ce2f2d02587, 0x3fe4880522014880 //log2(1.55859), 1/1.55859 .quad 0x3fe49a784bcd1b8b, 0x3fe47ae147ae147b //log2(1.56250), 1/1.56250 .quad 0x3fe4b7fabbe49795, 0x3fe46dce34596066 //log2(1.56641), 1/1.56641 .quad 0x3fe4d56a5b33cec4, 0x3fe460cbc7f5cf9a //log2(1.57031), 1/1.57031 .quad 0x3fe4f2c741a9f33e, 0x3fe453d9e2c776ca //log2(1.57422), 1/1.57422 .quad 0x3fe510118708a8f9, 0x3fe446f86562d9fb //log2(1.57812), 1/1.57812 .quad 0x3fe52d4942e47909, 0x3fe43a2730abee4d //log2(1.58203), 1/1.58203 .quad 0x3fe54a6e8ca5438e, 0x3fe42d6625d51f87 //log2(1.58594), 1/1.58594 .quad 0x3fe567817b86b02c, 0x3fe420b5265e5951 //log2(1.58984), 1/1.58984 .quad 0x3fe5848226989d34, 0x3fe4141414141414 //log2(1.59375), 1/1.59375 .quad 0x3fe5a170a4bf8d5c, 0x3fe40782d10e6566 //log2(1.59766), 1/1.59766 .quad 0x3fe5be4d0cb51435, 0x3fe3fb013fb013fb //log2(1.60156), 1/1.60156 .quad 0x3fe5db177508413c, 0x3fe3ee8f42a5af07 //log2(1.60547), 1/1.60547 .quad 0x3fe5f7cff41e09af, 0x3fe3e22cbce4a902 //log2(1.60938), 1/1.60938 .quad 0x3fe61476a031b109, 0x3fe3d5d991aa75c6 //log2(1.61328), 1/1.61328 .quad 0x3fe6310b8f553048, 0x3fe3c995a47babe7 //log2(1.61719), 1/1.61719 .quad 0x3fe64d8ed7719bf0, 0x3fe3bd60d9232955 //log2(1.62109), 1/1.62109 .quad 0x3fe66a008e4788cc, 0x3fe3b13b13b13b14 //log2(1.62500), 1/1.62500 .quad 0x3fe68660c96f6f87, 0x3fe3a524387ac822 //log2(1.62891), 1/1.62891 .quad 0x3fe6a2af9e5a0f0a, 0x3fe3991c2c187f63 //log2(1.63281), 1/1.63281 .quad 0x3fe6beed2250cdae, 0x3fe38d22d366088e //log2(1.63672), 1/1.63672 .quad 0x3fe6db196a76194a, 0x3fe3813813813814 //log2(1.64062), 1/1.64062 .quad 0x3fe6f7348bc5c618, 0x3fe3755bd1c945ee //log2(1.64453), 1/1.64453 .quad 0x3fe7133e9b156c7c, 0x3fe3698df3de0748 //log2(1.64844), 1/1.64844 .quad 0x3fe72f37ad14c5b0, 0x3fe35dce5f9f2af8 //log2(1.65234), 1/1.65234 .quad 0x3fe74b1fd64e0754, 0x3fe3521cfb2b78c1 //log2(1.65625), 1/1.65625 .quad 0x3fe766f72b263dee, 0x3fe34679ace01346 //log2(1.66016), 1/1.66016 .quad 0x3fe782bdbfdda657, 0x3fe33ae45b57bcb2 //log2(1.66406), 1/1.66406 .quad 0x3fe79e73a8900620, 0x3fe32f5ced6a1dfa //log2(1.66797), 1/1.66797 .quad 0x3fe7ba18f93502e4, 0x3fe323e34a2b10bf //log2(1.67188), 1/1.67188 .quad 0x3fe7d5adc5a078a4, 0x3fe3187758e9ebb6 //log2(1.67578), 1/1.67578 .quad 0x3fe7f1322182cf16, 0x3fe30d190130d190 //log2(1.67969), 1/1.67969 .quad 0x3fe80ca620694df9, 0x3fe301c82ac40260 //log2(1.68359), 1/1.68359 .quad 0x3fe82809d5be7073, 0x3fe2f684bda12f68 //log2(1.68750), 1/1.68750 .quad 0x3fe8435d54ca3774, 0x3fe2eb4ea1fed14b //log2(1.69141), 1/1.69141 .quad 0x3fe85ea0b0b27b26, 0x3fe2e025c04b8097 //log2(1.69531), 1/1.69531 .quad 0x3fe879d3fc7b3b71, 0x3fe2d50a012d50a0 //log2(1.69922), 1/1.69922 .quad 0x3fe894f74b06ef8b, 0x3fe2c9fb4d812ca0 //log2(1.70312), 1/1.70312 .quad 0x3fe8b00aaf16d4a9, 0x3fe2bef98e5a3711 //log2(1.70703), 1/1.70703 .quad 0x3fe8cb0e3b4b3bbe, 0x3fe2b404ad012b40 //log2(1.71094), 1/1.71094 .quad 0x3fe8e6020223d661, 0x3fe2a91c92f3c105 //log2(1.71484), 1/1.71484 .quad 0x3fe900e6160002cd, 0x3fe29e4129e4129e //log2(1.71875), 1/1.71875 .quad 0x3fe91bba891f1709, 0x3fe293725bb804a5 //log2(1.72266), 1/1.72266 .quad 0x3fe9367f6da0ab2f, 0x3fe288b01288b013 //log2(1.72656), 1/1.72656 .quad 0x3fe95134d584e2e3, 0x3fe27dfa38a1ce4d //log2(1.73047), 1/1.73047 .quad 0x3fe96bdad2acb5f6, 0x3fe27350b8812735 //log2(1.73438), 1/1.73438 .quad 0x3fe9867176da382f, 0x3fe268b37cd60127 //log2(1.73828), 1/1.73828 .quad 0x3fe9a0f8d3b0e050, 0x3fe25e22708092f1 //log2(1.74219), 1/1.74219 .quad 0x3fe9bb70fab5ce4d, 0x3fe2539d7e9177b2 //log2(1.74609), 1/1.74609 .quad 0x3fe9d5d9fd5010b3, 0x3fe2492492492492 //log2(1.75000), 1/1.75000 .quad 0x3fe9f033ecc8e956, 0x3fe23eb79717605b //log2(1.75391), 1/1.75391 .quad 0x3fea0a7eda4c112d, 0x3fe23456789abcdf //log2(1.75781), 1/1.75781 .quad 0x3fea24bad6e7fb77, 0x3fe22a0122a0122a //log2(1.76172), 1/1.76172 .quad 0x3fea3ee7f38e181f, 0x3fe21fb78121fb78 //log2(1.76562), 1/1.76562 .quad 0x3fea590641131564, 0x3fe21579804855e6 //log2(1.76953), 1/1.76953 .quad 0x3fea7315d02f20c8, 0x3fe20b470c67c0d9 //log2(1.77344), 1/1.77344 .quad 0x3fea8d16b17e2745, 0x3fe2012012012012 //log2(1.77734), 1/1.77734 .quad 0x3feaa708f58014d3, 0x3fe1f7047dc11f70 //log2(1.78125), 1/1.78125 .quad 0x3feac0ecac99133b, 0x3fe1ecf43c7fb84c //log2(1.78516), 1/1.78516 .quad 0x3feadac1e711c833, 0x3fe1e2ef3b3fb874 //log2(1.78906), 1/1.78906 .quad 0x3feaf488b51792d6, 0x3fe1d8f5672e4abd //log2(1.79297), 1/1.79297 .quad 0x3feb0e4126bcc86c, 0x3fe1cf06ada2811d //log2(1.79688), 1/1.79688 .quad 0x3feb27eb4bf8f08a, 0x3fe1c522fc1ce059 //log2(1.80078), 1/1.80078 .quad 0x3feb418734a9008c, 0x3fe1bb4a4046ed29 //log2(1.80469), 1/1.80469 .quad 0x3feb5b14f08f9666, 0x3fe1b17c67f2bae3 //log2(1.80859), 1/1.80859 .quad 0x3feb74948f5532da, 0x3fe1a7b9611a7b96 //log2(1.81250), 1/1.81250 .quad 0x3feb8e0620887309, 0x3fe19e0119e0119e //log2(1.81641), 1/1.81641 .quad 0x3feba769b39e4964, 0x3fe19453808ca29c //log2(1.82031), 1/1.82031 .quad 0x3febc0bf57f23606, 0x3fe18ab083902bdb //log2(1.82422), 1/1.82422 .quad 0x3febda071cc67e6e, 0x3fe1811811811812 //log2(1.82812), 1/1.82812 .quad 0x3febf341114464a7, 0x3fe1778a191bd684 //log2(1.83203), 1/1.83203 .quad 0x3fec0c6d447c5dd3, 0x3fe16e0689427379 //log2(1.83594), 1/1.83594 .quad 0x3fec258bc5664829, 0x3fe1648d50fc3201 //log2(1.83984), 1/1.83984 .quad 0x3fec3e9ca2e1a055, 0x3fe15b1e5f75270d //log2(1.84375), 1/1.84375 .quad 0x3fec579febb5b658, 0x3fe151b9a3fdd5c9 //log2(1.84766), 1/1.84766 .quad 0x3fec7095ae91e1c7, 0x3fe1485f0e0acd3b //log2(1.85156), 1/1.85156 .quad 0x3fec897dfa0db58e, 0x3fe13f0e8d344724 //log2(1.85547), 1/1.85547 .quad 0x3feca258dca93316, 0x3fe135c81135c811 //log2(1.85938), 1/1.85938 .quad 0x3fecbb2664ccfcf6, 0x3fe12c8b89edc0ac //log2(1.86328), 1/1.86328 .quad 0x3fecd3e6a0ca8907, 0x3fe12358e75d3033 //log2(1.86719), 1/1.86719 .quad 0x3fecec999edc5203, 0x3fe11a3019a74826 //log2(1.87109), 1/1.87109 .quad 0x3fed053f6d260896, 0x3fe1111111111111 //log2(1.87500), 1/1.87500 .quad 0x3fed1dd819b4c3f1, 0x3fe107fbbe011080 //log2(1.87891), 1/1.87891 .quad 0x3fed3663b27f31d5, 0x3fe0fef010fef011 //log2(1.88281), 1/1.88281 .quad 0x3fed4ee24565c62b, 0x3fe0f5edfab325a2 //log2(1.88672), 1/1.88672 .quad 0x3fed6753e032ea0f, 0x3fe0ecf56be69c90 //log2(1.89062), 1/1.89062 .quad 0x3fed7fb8909b2a6c, 0x3fe0e40655826011 //log2(1.89453), 1/1.89453 .quad 0x3fed9810643d6615, 0x3fe0db20a88f4696 //log2(1.89844), 1/1.89844 .quad 0x3fedb05b68a2fb65, 0x3fe0d24456359e3a //log2(1.90234), 1/1.90234 .quad 0x3fedc899ab3ff56c, 0x3fe0c9714fbcda3b //log2(1.90625), 1/1.90625 .quad 0x3fede0cb397338a4, 0x3fe0c0a7868b4171 //log2(1.91016), 1/1.91016 .quad 0x3fedf8f02086af2c, 0x3fe0b7e6ec259dc8 //log2(1.91406), 1/1.91406 .quad 0x3fee11086daf7496, 0x3fe0af2f722eecb5 //log2(1.91797), 1/1.91797 .quad 0x3fee29142e0e0140, 0x3fe0a6810a6810a7 //log2(1.92188), 1/1.92188 .quad 0x3fee41136eae553d, 0x3fe09ddba6af8360 //log2(1.92578), 1/1.92578 .quad 0x3fee59063c8822ce, 0x3fe0953f39010954 //log2(1.92969), 1/1.92969 .quad 0x3fee70eca47ef86f, 0x3fe08cabb37565e2 //log2(1.93359), 1/1.93359 .quad 0x3fee88c6b3626a73, 0x3fe0842108421084 //log2(1.93750), 1/1.93750 .quad 0x3feea09475ee3c3a, 0x3fe07b9f29b8eae2 //log2(1.94141), 1/1.94141 .quad 0x3feeb855f8ca88fb, 0x3fe073260a47f7c6 //log2(1.94531), 1/1.94531 .quad 0x3feed00b488bec23, 0x3fe06ab59c7912fb //log2(1.94922), 1/1.94922 .quad 0x3feee7b471b3a950, 0x3fe0624dd2f1a9fc //log2(1.95312), 1/1.95312 .quad 0x3feeff5180afd3e4, 0x3fe059eea0727586 //log2(1.95703), 1/1.95703 .quad 0x3fef16e281db7630, 0x3fe05197f7d73404 //log2(1.96094), 1/1.96094 .quad 0x3fef2e67817eb845, 0x3fe04949cc1664c5 //log2(1.96484), 1/1.96484 .quad 0x3fef45e08bcf0655, 0x3fe0410410410410 //log2(1.96875), 1/1.96875 .quad 0x3fef5d4dacef36be, 0x3fe038c6b78247fc //log2(1.97266), 1/1.97266 .quad 0x3fef74aef0efafae, 0x3fe03091b51f5e1a //log2(1.97656), 1/1.97656 .quad 0x3fef8c0463ce8c69, 0x3fe02864fc7729e9 //log2(1.98047), 1/1.98047 .quad 0x3fefa34e1177c233, 0x3fe0204081020408 //log2(1.98438), 1/1.98438 .quad 0x3fefba8c05c544df, 0x3fe0182436517a37 //log2(1.98828), 1/1.98828 .quad 0x3fefd1be4c7f2af9, 0x3fe0101010101010 //log2(1.99219), 1/1.99219 .quad 0x3fefe8e4f15bd1a0, 0x3fe0080402010080 //log2(1.99609), 1/1.99609 .literal8 .align 3 one: .double 1.0 onehalf: .double 0.5 onethird: .quad 0x3fd5555555555555 // 1/3 onequarter: .double 0.25 onefifth: .double 0.2 onesixth: .quad 0x3fc5555555555555 recip_log2: .quad 0x3ff71547652b82fe // 1.0 / ln(2) .text #if defined( __x86_64__ ) #define RELATIVE_ADDR( _a) (_a)( %rip ) #define RELATIVE_ADDR_B( _a) (_a)( %rip ) #define RELATIVE_ADDR2( _a, _i, _step) ( %r8, _i, _step ) #elif defined( __i386__ ) #define RELATIVE_ADDR( _a) (_a)-rel_addr( CX_P ) #define RELATIVE_ADDR_B( _a) (_a)-rel_addr_b( CX_P ) #define RELATIVE_ADDR2( _a, _i, _step) (_a)-rel_addr( CX_P, _i, _step ) //a short routine to get the local address .align 4 log2f_pic: movl (%esp), %ecx //copy address of local_addr to %ecx ret #else #error arch not supported #endif // // log2f -- overall approach // // We break up log2f(x) as follows: // // i = ilogb(x) //integer part of the result // m = scalbn( x, -i ) //mantissa has range 1.0 <= m < 2.0 // // log2f(x) = i + log2f(m) // // We further break down m as : // // m = (1+a/256.0)(1+r) a = high 8 explicit bits of mantissa(m) // log2f(m) = log2(1+a/256.0) + log2(1+r) // // We use the high 8 bits of the mantissa to look up log2(1+a/256.0) in log2f_table above // We calculate 1+r as: // // 1+r = m * (1 /(1+a/256.0)) // // We can lookup (from the same table) the value of 1/(1+a/256.0) based on a too. // // So the whole calculation is: // // log2f(x) = i + log2(1+a/256.0) + log2(1+r) = i + log2f_table[a][0] + log2f( m * log2f_table[a][1] ) // // The third term is calculated using the Taylor series: // // log(x+1) = x - x**2/2 + x**3/3 // // Adding one more term produces excellent results, but this is good enough to get within 0.519028 ulps // for the entire single precision number range and saves 7 cycles. // // The edge case code is done in integer to avoid setting flags, and because it is faster that way. // ENTRY( log2f ) //read argument into %eax #if defined( __i386__ ) movl FRAME_SIZE( STACKP ), %eax #else movd %xmm0, %eax #endif //Get exceptional cases out of the way //push NaNs around to negative movl %eax, %ecx // set aside x addl $0x00800000, %eax // push Infs, NaNs negative xorps %xmm1, %xmm1 // 0.0f cmpl $0x00800000, %eax // if( x <= 0 or Inf, NaN ) jle 2f // goto 2 //Check for narrow range near 1 where 3rd order Taylor series is not enough subl $0x3ff80000, %eax // subtract low value in our range (+0x00800000) cmpl $0x000d8000, %eax // check to see if we are in the range jb 7f movl $-127, %edx // bias of float cmpl $0x00800000, %ecx // if isnormal( x ) jae 1f // goto 1 //deal with denormal subl $126, %edx // set aside -126 as a bias adjustment (was 0 ) orl $0x3f800000, %ecx // multiply low bits by 2**127 by oring in 1.0 movl $0x3f800000, %eax // prepare 1.0f movd %ecx, %xmm3 // copy to vr movd %eax, %xmm4 // copy to vr subss %xmm4, %xmm3 // (x | 2**127) - 1.0f movd %xmm3, %ecx // copy normalized scaled number back to %ecx 1: //normal operand movl %ecx, %eax // x andl $0x7f800000, %ecx // exponent of x cmpl %ecx, %eax // is this a power of 2? je 6f // early out for power of 2, saves inexact flag for exact cases //non-power of two xorl %ecx, %eax // mask off exponent shrl $23, %ecx // push exponent to unit precision addl %edx, %ecx // remove bias from exponent part movl %eax, %edx // set aside mantissa bits cvtsi2sd %ecx, %xmm0 // move integer part of the result to xmm0. andl $0x00007fff, %eax // isolate low bits of mantissa andl $0x007f8000, %edx // isolate high bits of mantissa orl $0x3f800000, %eax // set exponent of the mantissa to 0 + bias shrl $(15-4), %edx movd %eax, %xmm1 // move reduced mantissa to xmm0 (1+r) cvtss2sd %xmm1, %xmm1 //do PIC #if defined( __i386__ ) calll log2f_pic // set %ecx to point to local_addr rel_addr: #else andq $0xff0, %rdx #endif subsd RELATIVE_ADDR( one ), %xmm1 // r = (1+r) - 1.0 //load the address of the log2f_table lea RELATIVE_ADDR(log2f_table), AX_P mulsd 8( AX_P, DX_P, 1), %xmm1 // r *= 1 / (1+a) //Do a relatively small/cheap Taylor series: log2(r+1) = (r - 0.5rr + (1/3)rrr)/ln(2) movsd RELATIVE_ADDR( onethird), %xmm3 // 1/3 movapd %xmm1, %xmm2 // r mulsd %xmm1, %xmm3 // (1/3)r mulsd %xmm2, %xmm2 // rr subsd RELATIVE_ADDR( onehalf),%xmm3 // -0.5 + (1/3)r mulsd %xmm2, %xmm3 // -0.5rr + (1/3)rrr addsd %xmm1, %xmm3 // r - 0.5rr + (1/3)rrr mulsd RELATIVE_ADDR( recip_log2 ), %xmm3 // (r - 0.5rr + (1/3)rrr)/ln(2) addsd ( AX_P, DX_P, 1), %xmm3 // log2(1+a) + (r - 0.5rr + (1/3)rrr)/ln(2) addsd %xmm3, %xmm0 // add in integer part cvtsd2ss %xmm0, %xmm0 // round to float #if defined( __i386__ ) movss %xmm0, FRAME_SIZE(STACKP) flds FRAME_SIZE(STACKP) #endif ret 2: //special case code for negative, NaN or 0 #if defined( __i386__ ) movss FRAME_SIZE( STACKP ), %xmm0 #endif ucomiss %xmm1, %xmm0 //test for x == 0 jb 4f //NaN or negative //We imagine that 0.0, Inf are the most common cases, so those falls through ja 3f //Infinity, just return inf //We need to return -Inf for zero and set div/0 flag pcmpeqb %xmm0, %xmm0 // -1U cvtdq2ps %xmm0, %xmm0 // -1.0f divss %xmm1, %xmm0 // -1.0f / 0 = -Inf + div/0 flag #if defined( __i386__ ) movss %xmm0, FRAME_SIZE(STACKP) #endif 3: #if defined( __i386__ ) flds FRAME_SIZE(STACKP) #endif ret 4: jp 5f // handle NaN elsewhere //negative number, return NaN and set invalid pcmpeqb %xmm0, %xmm0 // -1U pslld $23, %xmm0 // 0xff800000, -inf mulss %xmm1, %xmm0 // 0 * -inf = NaN, set invalid #if defined( __i386__ ) movss %xmm0, FRAME_SIZE(STACKP) flds FRAME_SIZE(STACKP) #endif ret //Its a NaN 5: #if defined( __i386__ ) flds FRAME_SIZE(STACKP ) //load the NaN fadd %st(0), %st(0) //quiet it #else addss %xmm0, %xmm0 #endif ret 6: //early out for power of 2 shrl $23, %eax addl %edx, %eax #if defined( __i386__ ) movl %eax, FRAME_SIZE( STACKP ) fildl FRAME_SIZE(STACKP) #else cvtsi2ss %eax, %xmm0 #endif ret 7: #if defined( __i386__ ) cvtss2sd FRAME_SIZE(STACKP), %xmm2 // convert to double xorps %xmm0, %xmm0 // zero xmm0 //do PIC calll log2f_pic // set %ecx to point to local_addr rel_addr_b: #else cvtss2sd %xmm0, %xmm2 // convert to double #endif subsd RELATIVE_ADDR_B( one ), %xmm2 // r = x - 1.0 movapd %xmm2, %xmm1 // r again mulsd %xmm2, %xmm2 //Do a more expensive Taylor series: log2(r+1) = (r - 0.5rr + (1/3)rrr - 0.25rrrr + 0.2rrrrr - 1/6rrrrrr)/ln(2) movsd RELATIVE_ADDR_B( onesixth ), %xmm4 // 1/6 movsd RELATIVE_ADDR_B( onefifth ), %xmm3 // 0.2 mulsd %xmm2, %xmm4 // 1/6rr mulsd %xmm2, %xmm3 // 0.2rr addsd RELATIVE_ADDR_B( onequarter ), %xmm4 // 0.25 + 1/6rr addsd RELATIVE_ADDR_B( onethird ), %xmm3 // 1/3 _ 0.2rr mulsd %xmm2, %xmm4 // 0.25rr + 1/6rrrr mulsd %xmm2, %xmm3 addsd RELATIVE_ADDR_B( onehalf ), %xmm4 addsd RELATIVE_ADDR_B( one ), %xmm3 mulsd %xmm2, %xmm4 mulsd %xmm1, %xmm3 subsd %xmm4, %xmm3 mulsd RELATIVE_ADDR_B( recip_log2 ), %xmm3 // ( r - 0.5rr + 1/3rrr - 0.25rrrr + 0.2rrrrr - 1/6rrrrrr ) / ln(2) cvtsd2ss %xmm3, %xmm0 // round to float #if defined( __i386__ ) movss %xmm0, FRAME_SIZE(STACKP) flds FRAME_SIZE(STACKP) #endif ret