#include "pathfinders.h" #include "heaps/heap.h" #include // std::fill // Modified from code by Shane Saunders // @param n Number of vertices in graph // @param heapD The type of heap used // @param g A DGraph object // @param twoheap If `TRUE`, uses a bi-directional search. PF::PathFinder::PathFinder(size_t n, const HeapDesc& heapD, std::shared_ptr g, bool twoheap) : m_is_bidirectional(twoheap) { m_heap = heapD.newInstance (n); m_closed = new bool [n]; m_open = new bool [n]; if (twoheap) { m_heap_rev = heapD.newInstance (n); m_closed2 = new bool [n]; m_open2 = new bool [n]; } else { m_heap_rev = nullptr; m_closed2 = nullptr; m_open2 = nullptr; } init (g); } PF::PathFinder::~PathFinder() { delete [] m_open; delete [] m_closed; delete m_heap; if (m_is_bidirectional) { delete [] m_open2; delete [] m_closed2; delete m_heap_rev; } } void PF::PathFinder::init(std::shared_ptr g) { m_graph = g; } void PF::PathFinder::init_arrays ( std::vector & d, std::vector & w, std::vector & prev, bool *m_open_vec, bool *m_closed_vec, const size_t v, const size_t n) { m_heap->clear (); // safe no-op for non-BHeap types; enables PathFinder reuse std::fill (w.begin (), w.end (), INFINITE_DOUBLE); std::fill (d.begin (), d.end (), INFINITE_DOUBLE); std::fill (prev.begin (), prev.end (), INFINITE_INT); w [v] = 0.0; d [v] = 0.0; prev [v] = -1; std::fill (m_open_vec, m_open_vec + n, false); std::fill (m_closed_vec, m_closed_vec + n, false); m_open_vec [v] = true; } void PF::PathFinder::scan_edges (const DGraphEdge *edge, std::vector& d, std::vector& w, std::vector& prev, bool *m_open_vec, const bool *m_closed_vec, const size_t &v0) { while (edge) { size_t et = edge->target; if (!m_closed_vec [et]) { double wt = w [v0] + edge->wt; if (wt < w [et]) { d [et] = d [v0] + edge->dist; w [et] = wt; prev [et] = static_cast (v0); if (m_open_vec [et]) { m_heap->decreaseKey(et, wt); } else { m_heap->insert (et, wt); m_open_vec [et] = true; } } } edge = edge->nextOut; } } void PF::PathFinder::scan_edges_heur (const DGraphEdge *edge, std::vector& d, std::vector& w, std::vector& prev, bool *m_open_vec, const bool *m_closed_vec, const size_t &v0, const double target_x, const double target_y, const std::vector &vx, const std::vector &vy, const bool is_spatial) { while (edge) { size_t et = edge->target; if (!m_closed_vec [et]) { double wt = w [v0] + edge->wt; if (wt < w [et]) { d [et] = d [v0] + edge->dist; w [et] = wt; prev [et] = static_cast (v0); double heur = 0.0; if (is_spatial) { const double dx = vx [et] - target_x; const double dy = vy [et] - target_y; heur = sqrt (dx * dx + dy * dy); } if (m_open_vec [et]) { m_heap->decreaseKey(et, wt + heur); } else { m_heap->insert (et, wt + heur); m_open_vec [et] = true; } } } edge = edge->nextOut; } } /********************************************************************** ************************ PATH ALGORITHMS ************************* **********************************************************************/ void PF::PathFinder::Dijkstra ( std::vector& d, std::vector& w, std::vector& prev, const size_t v0, const std::vector &to_index) { const DGraphEdge *edge; const size_t n = m_graph->nVertices(); const std::vector& vertices = m_graph->vertices(); PF::PathFinder::init_arrays (d, w, prev, m_open, m_closed, v0, n); m_heap->insert (v0, 0.0); size_t n_reached = 0; const size_t n_targets = to_index.size (); bool *is_target = new bool [n]; std::fill (is_target, is_target + n, false); for (auto t: to_index) is_target [t] = true; while (m_heap->nItems() > 0) { size_t v = m_heap->deleteMin(); m_closed [v] = true; m_open [v] = false; edge = vertices [v].outHead; scan_edges (edge, d, w, prev, m_open, m_closed, v); if (is_target [v]) n_reached++; if (n_reached == n_targets) break; } // end while nItems > 0 delete [] is_target; } // Modified Dijkstra that stops as soon as first target is reached. Used to find // minimal distance to nearest one of set of possible targets. void PF::PathFinder::DijkstraNearest ( std::vector& d, std::vector& w, std::vector& prev, const size_t v0, const std::vector &to_index) { const DGraphEdge *edge; const size_t n = m_graph->nVertices(); const std::vector& vertices = m_graph->vertices(); PF::PathFinder::init_arrays (d, w, prev, m_open, m_closed, v0, n); m_heap->insert (v0, 0.0); bool *is_target = new bool [n]; std::fill (is_target, is_target + n, false); for (auto t: to_index) is_target [t] = true; while (m_heap->nItems() > 0) { size_t v = m_heap->deleteMin(); m_closed [v] = true; m_open [v] = false; edge = vertices [v].outHead; scan_edges (edge, d, w, prev, m_open, m_closed, v); if (is_target [v]) break; } // end while nItems > 0 delete [] is_target; } // Modified pathfinder only out to specified distance limit. Done as separate // routine to avoid costs of the `if` clause in general non-limited case. void PF::PathFinder::DijkstraLimit ( std::vector& d, std::vector& w, std::vector& prev, const size_t v0, const double &dlim) { const DGraphEdge *edge; const size_t n = m_graph->nVertices(); const std::vector& vertices = m_graph->vertices(); PF::PathFinder::init_arrays (d, w, prev, m_open, m_closed, v0, n); m_heap->insert (v0, 0.0); while (m_heap->nItems() > 0) { size_t v = m_heap->deleteMin(); m_closed [v] = true; m_open [v] = false; // explore the OUT set of v only if distances are < threshold bool explore = false; edge = vertices [v].outHead; while (edge) { if ((d [v] + edge->dist) <= dlim) { explore = true; break; } edge = edge->nextOut; } if (explore) { edge = vertices [v].outHead; scan_edges (edge, d, w, prev, m_open, m_closed, v); } } // end while nItems > 0 } void PF::PathFinder::AStar (std::vector& d, std::vector& w, std::vector& prev, const size_t v0, const std::vector &to_index, const double target_x, const double target_y, const std::vector &vx, const std::vector &vy, const bool is_spatial) { const DGraphEdge *edge; const size_t n = m_graph->nVertices(); const std::vector& vertices = m_graph->vertices(); PF::PathFinder::init_arrays (d, w, prev, m_open, m_closed, v0, n); double h0 = 0.0; if (is_spatial) { const double dx = vx [v0] - target_x; const double dy = vy [v0] - target_y; h0 = sqrt (dx * dx + dy * dy); } m_heap->insert (v0, h0); size_t n_reached = 0; const size_t n_targets = to_index.size (); bool *is_target = new bool [n]; std::fill (is_target, is_target + n, false); for (auto t: to_index) is_target [t] = true; while (m_heap->nItems() > 0) { size_t v = m_heap->deleteMin(); m_closed [v] = true; m_open [v] = false; edge = vertices [v].outHead; scan_edges_heur (edge, d, w, prev, m_open, m_closed, v, target_x, target_y, vx, vy, is_spatial); if (is_target [v]) n_reached++; if (n_reached == n_targets) break; } // end while m_heap->nItems delete [] is_target; } // Dijkstra with C++ std::set, modified from the above to use EdgeSet edge_set // instead of m_heap, and so all routines hard-coded here. void PF::PathFinder::Dijkstra_set (std::vector& d, std::vector& w, std::vector& prev, size_t v0) { const DGraphEdge *edge; const size_t n = m_graph->nVertices(); const std::vector& vertices = m_graph->vertices(); PF::PathFinder::init_arrays (d, w, prev, m_open, m_closed, v0, n); m_heap->insert(v0, 0.0); edge_set.insert (DijkstraEdge (0.0, v0)); while (edge_set.size () > 0) { EdgeSet::iterator ei = edge_set.begin(); size_t v = ei->geti(); edge_set.erase (ei); m_closed [v] = true; m_open [v] = false; edge = vertices [v].outHead; while (edge) { size_t et = edge->target; if (!m_closed [et]) { double wt = w [v] + edge->wt; if (wt < w [et]) { d [et] = d [v] + edge->dist; double wold = w [et]; w [et] = wt; prev [et] = static_cast (v); if (m_open [et]) { DijkstraEdge de (wold, et); if (edge_set.find (de) != edge_set.end ()) edge_set.erase (edge_set.find (de)); } else m_open [et] = true; edge_set.insert (DijkstraEdge (w [et], et)); } } edge = edge->nextOut; } // end while edge } // end while edge_set.size } void PF::PathFinder::scan_edges_heur_rev (const DGraphEdge *edge, std::vector& d, std::vector& w, std::vector& prev, bool *m_open_vec, const bool *m_closed_vec, const size_t &v0, const double target_x, const double target_y, const std::vector &vx, const std::vector &vy, const double h_max, const bool is_spatial) { while (edge) { size_t et = edge->source; if (!m_closed_vec [et]) { double wt = w [v0] + edge->wt; if (wt < w [et]) { d [et] = d [v0] + edge->dist; w [et] = wt; prev [et] = static_cast (v0); double heur_et = 0.0; if (is_spatial) { const double dx = vx [et] - target_x; const double dy = vy [et] - target_y; heur_et = h_max - sqrt (dx * dx + dy * dy); } const double priority = wt + heur_et; if (m_open_vec [et]) { m_heap_rev->decreaseKey(et, priority); } else { m_heap_rev->insert (et, priority); m_open_vec [et] = true; } } } edge = edge->nextIn; } } void PF::PathFinder::AStar2 (std::vector& d, std::vector& w, std::vector& prev, const size_t v0, const size_t v1, std::vector& d_rev, std::vector& w_rev, std::vector& prev_rev, const double target_x, const double target_y, const std::vector &vx, const std::vector &vy, const bool is_spatial) { const size_t n = m_graph->nVertices(); const std::vector& vertices = m_graph->vertices(); if (v0 == v1) { d[v0] = 0.0; w[v0] = 0.0; return; } PF::PathFinder::init_arrays (d, w, prev, m_open, m_closed, v0, n); PF::PathFinder::init_arrays (d_rev, w_rev, prev_rev, m_open2, m_closed2, v1, n); double h0 = 0.0; double h1 = 0.0; if (is_spatial) { const double dx0 = vx [v0] - target_x; const double dy0 = vy [v0] - target_y; h0 = sqrt (dx0 * dx0 + dy0 * dy0); const double dx1 = vx [v1] - target_x; const double dy1 = vy [v1] - target_y; h1 = sqrt (dx1 * dx1 + dy1 * dy1); } const double h_max = h0; m_heap->insert (v0, h0); m_heap_rev->insert (v1, h_max - h1); double meeting_distance = INFINITE_DOUBLE; while (m_heap->nItems() > 0 || m_heap_rev->nItems() > 0) { double min_f = (m_heap->nItems() > 0 ? m_heap->getmin() : INFINITE_DOUBLE); double min_r = (m_heap_rev->nItems() > 0 ? m_heap_rev->getmin() : INFINITE_DOUBLE); if (min_f + min_r >= meeting_distance + h_max) { break; } if (m_heap->nItems() > 0 && (m_heap_rev->nItems() == 0 || min_f <= min_r)) { size_t v = m_heap->deleteMin(); m_closed [v] = true; m_open [v] = false; if (w_rev[v] < INFINITE_DOUBLE && w[v] + w_rev[v] < meeting_distance) { meeting_distance = w[v] + w_rev[v]; } const DGraphEdge *edge = vertices [v].outHead; scan_edges_heur (edge, d, w, prev, m_open, m_closed, v, target_x, target_y, vx, vy, is_spatial); } else { size_t v = m_heap_rev->deleteMin(); m_closed2 [v] = true; m_open2 [v] = false; if (w[v] < INFINITE_DOUBLE && w[v] + w_rev[v] < meeting_distance) { meeting_distance = w[v] + w_rev[v]; } const DGraphEdge *edge = vertices [v].inHead; scan_edges_heur_rev (edge, d_rev, w_rev, prev_rev, m_open2, m_closed2, v, target_x, target_y, vx, vy, h_max, is_spatial); } } double best_w = INFINITE_DOUBLE; size_t best_meet = static_cast(-1); for (size_t i = 0; i < n; i++) { if (w[i] < INFINITE_DOUBLE && w_rev[i] < INFINITE_DOUBLE) { if (w[i] + w_rev[i] < best_w) { best_w = w[i] + w_rev[i]; best_meet = i; } } } if (best_meet != static_cast(-1)) { w[v1] = best_w; d[v1] = d[best_meet] + d_rev[best_meet]; size_t curr = best_meet; while (curr != v1 && curr != static_cast(-1)) { long int p_long = prev_rev[curr]; if (p_long == -1 || p_long == INFINITE_INT) break; size_t p = static_cast(p_long); prev[p] = static_cast(curr); curr = p; } } }