openbsd-src / sys / netinet / in.c

/*	$OpenBSD: in.c,v 1.192 2026/01/03 14:10:04 bluhm Exp $	*/
/*	$NetBSD: in.c,v 1.26 1996/02/13 23:41:39 christos Exp $	*/

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2001 WIDE Project.  All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. Neither the name of the project nor the names of its contributors
 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 *    without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE PROJECT AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE PROJECT OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

/*
 * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1991, 1993
 *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 *    without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 *
 *	@(#)in.c	8.2 (Berkeley) 11/15/93
 */

#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/systm.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/malloc.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/socketvar.h>

#include <net/if.h>
#include <net/if_var.h>
#include <net/route.h>

#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netinet/in_var.h>
#include <netinet/igmp_var.h>

#ifdef MROUTING
#include <netinet/ip_mroute.h>
#endif

void in_socktrim(struct sockaddr_in *);

int in_ioctl_set_ifaddr(u_long, caddr_t, struct ifnet *);
int in_ioctl_change_ifaddr(u_long, caddr_t, struct ifnet *);
int in_ioctl_get(u_long, caddr_t, struct ifnet *);
void in_purgeaddr(struct ifaddr *);
int in_addhost(struct in_ifaddr *, struct sockaddr_in *);
int in_scrubhost(struct in_ifaddr *, struct sockaddr_in *);
int in_insert_prefix(struct in_ifaddr *);
void in_remove_prefix(struct in_ifaddr *);

/*
 * Determine whether an IP address is in a reserved set of addresses
 * that may not be forwarded, or whether datagrams to that destination
 * may be forwarded.
 */
int
in_canforward(struct in_addr in)
{
	u_int32_t net;

	if (IN_MULTICAST(in.s_addr))
		return (0);
	if (IN_CLASSA(in.s_addr)) {
		net = in.s_addr & IN_CLASSA_NET;
		if (net == 0 ||
		    net == htonl(IN_LOOPBACKNET << IN_CLASSA_NSHIFT))
			return (0);
	}
	return (1);
}

/*
 * Trim a mask in a sockaddr
 */
void
in_socktrim(struct sockaddr_in *ap)
{
	char *cplim = (char *) &ap->sin_addr;
	char *cp = (char *) (&ap->sin_addr + 1);

	ap->sin_len = 0;
	while (--cp >= cplim)
		if (*cp) {
			(ap)->sin_len = cp - (char *) (ap) + 1;
			break;
		}
}

int
in_mask2len(struct in_addr *mask)
{
	int x, y;
	u_char *p;

	p = (u_char *)mask;
	for (x = 0; x < sizeof(*mask); x++) {
		if (p[x] != 0xff)
			break;
	}
	y = 0;
	if (x < sizeof(*mask)) {
		for (y = 0; y < 8; y++) {
			if ((p[x] & (0x80 >> y)) == 0)
				break;
		}
	}
	return x * 8 + y;
}

void
in_len2mask(struct in_addr *mask, int len)
{
	int i;
	u_char *p;

	p = (u_char *)mask;
	bzero(mask, sizeof(*mask));
	for (i = 0; i < len / 8; i++)
		p[i] = 0xff;
	if (len % 8)
		p[i] = (0xff00 >> (len % 8)) & 0xff;
}

int
in_nam2sin(const struct mbuf *nam, struct sockaddr_in **sin)
{
	struct sockaddr *sa = mtod(nam, struct sockaddr *);

	if (nam->m_len < offsetof(struct sockaddr, sa_data))
		return EINVAL;
	if (sa->sa_family != AF_INET)
		return EAFNOSUPPORT;
	if (sa->sa_len != nam->m_len)
		return EINVAL;
	if (sa->sa_len != sizeof(struct sockaddr_in))
		return EINVAL;
	*sin = satosin(sa);

	return 0;
}

int
in_sa2sin(struct sockaddr *sa, struct sockaddr_in **sin)
{
	if (sa->sa_family != AF_INET)
		return EAFNOSUPPORT;
	if (sa->sa_len != sizeof(struct sockaddr_in))
		return EINVAL;
	*sin = satosin(sa);

	return 0;
}

/*
 * Find the internet address structure (in_ifaddr) corresponding
 * to a given interface (ifnet structure).
 */
struct in_ifaddr *
in_ifp2ia(struct ifnet *ifp)
{
	struct in_ifaddr *ia = NULL;
	struct ifaddr *ifa;

	NET_ASSERT_LOCKED();

	TAILQ_FOREACH(ifa, &ifp->if_addrlist, ifa_list) {
		if (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family != AF_INET)
			continue;
		ia = ifatoia(ifa);
		break;
	}

	return (ia);
}

int
in_control(struct socket *so, u_long cmd, caddr_t data, struct ifnet *ifp)
{
	int privileged;

	privileged = 0;
	if ((so->so_state & SS_PRIV) != 0)
		privileged++;

	switch (cmd) {
#ifdef MROUTING
	case SIOCGETVIFCNT:
	case SIOCGETSGCNT:
		return mrt_ioctl(so, cmd, data);
#endif /* MROUTING */
	default:
		return in_ioctl(cmd, data, ifp, privileged);
	}
}

int
in_ioctl(u_long cmd, caddr_t data, struct ifnet *ifp, int privileged)
{
	struct ifreq *ifr = (struct ifreq *)data;
	struct ifaddr *ifa;
	struct in_ifaddr *ia = NULL;
	struct sockaddr_in *sin = NULL, oldaddr;
	int error = 0;

	if (ifp == NULL)
		return (ENXIO);

	switch (cmd) {
	case SIOCGIFADDR:
	case SIOCGIFNETMASK:
	case SIOCGIFDSTADDR:
	case SIOCGIFBRDADDR:
		return in_ioctl_get(cmd, data, ifp);
	case SIOCSIFADDR:
		if (!privileged)
			return (EPERM);
		return in_ioctl_set_ifaddr(cmd, data, ifp);
	case SIOCAIFADDR:
	case SIOCDIFADDR:
		if (!privileged)
			return (EPERM);
		return in_ioctl_change_ifaddr(cmd, data, ifp);
	case SIOCSIFNETMASK:
	case SIOCSIFDSTADDR:
	case SIOCSIFBRDADDR:
		break;
	default:
		return (EOPNOTSUPP);
	}

	if (!privileged)
		return (EPERM);

	if (ifr->ifr_addr.sa_family == AF_INET) {
		error = in_sa2sin(&ifr->ifr_addr, &sin);
		if (error)
			return (error);
	}

	NET_LOCK();
	KERNEL_LOCK();

	TAILQ_FOREACH(ifa, &ifp->if_addrlist, ifa_list) {
		if (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family != AF_INET)
			continue;
		/* find first address or exact match */
		if (ia == NULL)
			ia = ifatoia(ifa);
		if (sin == NULL || sin->sin_addr.s_addr == INADDR_ANY)
			break;
		if (ifatoia(ifa)->ia_addr.sin_addr.s_addr ==
		    sin->sin_addr.s_addr) {
			ia = ifatoia(ifa);
			break;
		}
	}
	if (ia == NULL) {
		error = EADDRNOTAVAIL;
		goto err;
	}

	switch (cmd) {
	case SIOCSIFDSTADDR:
		if ((ifp->if_flags & IFF_POINTOPOINT) == 0) {
			error = EINVAL;
			break;
		}
		error = in_sa2sin(&ifr->ifr_dstaddr, &sin);
		if (error)
			break;
		oldaddr = ia->ia_dstaddr;
		ia->ia_dstaddr = *sin;
		error = (*ifp->if_ioctl)(ifp, SIOCSIFDSTADDR, (caddr_t)ia);
		if (error) {
			ia->ia_dstaddr = oldaddr;
			break;
		}
		in_scrubhost(ia, &oldaddr);
		in_addhost(ia, &ia->ia_dstaddr);
		break;

	case SIOCSIFBRDADDR:
		if ((ifp->if_flags & IFF_BROADCAST) == 0) {
			error = EINVAL;
			break;
		}
		error = in_sa2sin(&ifr->ifr_broadaddr, &sin);
		if (error)
			break;
		ifa_update_broadaddr(ifp, &ia->ia_ifa, sintosa(sin));
		break;

	case SIOCSIFNETMASK:
		if (ifr->ifr_addr.sa_len < 8) {
			error = EINVAL;
			break;
		}
		/* do not check inet family or strict len */
		sin = satosin(&ifr->ifr_addr);
		if (ntohl(sin->sin_addr.s_addr) &
		    (~ntohl(sin->sin_addr.s_addr) >> 1)) {
			/* non-contiguous netmask */
			error = EINVAL;
			break;
		}
		ia->ia_netmask = ia->ia_sockmask.sin_addr.s_addr =
		    sin->sin_addr.s_addr;
		break;
	}
err:
	KERNEL_UNLOCK();
	NET_UNLOCK();
	return (error);
}

int
in_ioctl_set_ifaddr(u_long cmd, caddr_t data, struct ifnet *ifp)
{
	struct ifreq *ifr = (struct ifreq *)data;
	struct ifaddr *ifa;
	struct in_ifaddr *ia = NULL;
	struct sockaddr_in *sin;
	int error = 0;
	int newifaddr;

	if (cmd != SIOCSIFADDR)
		panic("%s: invalid ioctl %lu", __func__, cmd);

	error = in_sa2sin(&ifr->ifr_addr, &sin);
	if (error)
		return (error);

	NET_LOCK();
	KERNEL_LOCK();

	TAILQ_FOREACH(ifa, &ifp->if_addrlist, ifa_list) {
		if (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family != AF_INET)
			continue;
		/* find first address */
		ia = ifatoia(ifa);
		break;
	}
	if (ia == NULL) {
		ia = malloc(sizeof *ia, M_IFADDR, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
		refcnt_init_trace(&ia->ia_ifa.ifa_refcnt, DT_REFCNT_IDX_IFADDR);
		ia->ia_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
		ia->ia_addr.sin_len = sizeof(ia->ia_addr);
		ia->ia_ifa.ifa_addr = sintosa(&ia->ia_addr);
		ia->ia_ifa.ifa_dstaddr = sintosa(&ia->ia_dstaddr);
		ia->ia_ifa.ifa_netmask = sintosa(&ia->ia_sockmask);
		ia->ia_sockmask.sin_len = 8;
		if (ifp->if_flags & IFF_BROADCAST) {
			ia->ia_broadaddr.sin_len = sizeof(ia->ia_addr);
			ia->ia_broadaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
		}
		ia->ia_ifp = ifp;

		newifaddr = 1;
	} else
		newifaddr = 0;

	in_ifscrub(ifp, ia);
	error = in_ifinit(ifp, ia, sin, newifaddr);
	if (!error)
		if_addrhooks_run(ifp);

	KERNEL_UNLOCK();
	NET_UNLOCK();
	return error;
}

int
in_ioctl_change_ifaddr(u_long cmd, caddr_t data, struct ifnet *ifp)
{
	struct ifaddr *ifa;
	struct in_ifaddr *ia = NULL;
	struct in_aliasreq *ifra = (struct in_aliasreq *)data;
	struct sockaddr_in *sin = NULL, *dstsin = NULL, *broadsin = NULL;
	struct sockaddr_in *masksin = NULL;
	int error = 0;
	int newifaddr;

	if (ifra->ifra_addr.sin_family == AF_INET) {
		error = in_sa2sin(sintosa(&ifra->ifra_addr), &sin);
		if (error)
			return (error);
	}

	NET_LOCK();
	KERNEL_LOCK();

	TAILQ_FOREACH(ifa, &ifp->if_addrlist, ifa_list) {
		if (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family != AF_INET)
			continue;
		/* find first address, if no exact match wanted */
		if (sin == NULL || sin->sin_addr.s_addr ==
		    ifatoia(ifa)->ia_addr.sin_addr.s_addr) {
			ia = ifatoia(ifa);
			break;
		}
	}

	switch (cmd) {
	case SIOCAIFADDR: {
		int needinit = 0;

		if (ifra->ifra_mask.sin_len) {
			if (ifra->ifra_mask.sin_len < 8) {
				error = EINVAL;
				break;
			}
			/* do not check inet family or strict len */
			masksin = &ifra->ifra_mask;
			if (ntohl(masksin->sin_addr.s_addr) &
			    (~ntohl(masksin->sin_addr.s_addr) >> 1)) {
				/* non-contiguous netmask */
				error = EINVAL;
				break;
			}
		}
		if ((ifp->if_flags & IFF_POINTOPOINT) &&
		    ifra->ifra_dstaddr.sin_family == AF_INET) {
			error = in_sa2sin(sintosa(&ifra->ifra_dstaddr),
			    &dstsin);
			if (error)
				break;
		}
		if ((ifp->if_flags & IFF_BROADCAST) &&
		    ifra->ifra_broadaddr.sin_family == AF_INET) {
			error = in_sa2sin(sintosa(&ifra->ifra_broadaddr),
			    &broadsin);
			if (error)
				break;
		}

		if (ia == NULL) {
			ia = malloc(sizeof *ia, M_IFADDR, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
			refcnt_init_trace(&ia->ia_ifa.ifa_refcnt,
			    DT_REFCNT_IDX_IFADDR);
			ia->ia_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
			ia->ia_addr.sin_len = sizeof(ia->ia_addr);
			ia->ia_ifa.ifa_addr = sintosa(&ia->ia_addr);
			ia->ia_ifa.ifa_dstaddr = sintosa(&ia->ia_dstaddr);
			ia->ia_ifa.ifa_netmask = sintosa(&ia->ia_sockmask);
			ia->ia_sockmask.sin_len = 8;
			if (ifp->if_flags & IFF_BROADCAST) {
				ia->ia_broadaddr.sin_len = sizeof(ia->ia_addr);
				ia->ia_broadaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
			}
			ia->ia_ifp = ifp;

			newifaddr = 1;
		} else
			newifaddr = 0;

		if (sin == NULL) {
			sin = &ia->ia_addr;
		} else if (newifaddr ||
		    sin->sin_addr.s_addr != ia->ia_addr.sin_addr.s_addr) {
			needinit = 1;
		}
		if (masksin != NULL) {
			in_ifscrub(ifp, ia);
			ia->ia_netmask = ia->ia_sockmask.sin_addr.s_addr =
			    masksin->sin_addr.s_addr;
			needinit = 1;
		}
		if (dstsin != NULL) {
			in_ifscrub(ifp, ia);
			ia->ia_dstaddr = *dstsin;
			needinit = 1;
		}
		if (broadsin != NULL) {
			if (newifaddr)
				ia->ia_broadaddr = *broadsin;
			else
				ifa_update_broadaddr(ifp, &ia->ia_ifa,
				    sintosa(broadsin));
		}
		if (needinit) {
			error = in_ifinit(ifp, ia, sin, newifaddr);
			if (error)
				break;
		}
		if_addrhooks_run(ifp);
		break;
	    }
	case SIOCDIFADDR:
		if (ia == NULL) {
			error = EADDRNOTAVAIL;
			break;
		}
		/*
		 * Even if the individual steps were safe, shouldn't
		 * these kinds of changes happen atomically?  What
		 * should happen to a packet that was routed after
		 * the scrub but before the other steps?
		 */
		in_purgeaddr(&ia->ia_ifa);
		if_addrhooks_run(ifp);
		break;

	default:
		panic("%s: invalid ioctl %lu", __func__, cmd);
	}

	KERNEL_UNLOCK();
	NET_UNLOCK();
	return (error);
}

int
in_ioctl_get(u_long cmd, caddr_t data, struct ifnet *ifp)
{
	struct ifreq *ifr = (struct ifreq *)data;
	struct ifaddr *ifa;
	struct in_ifaddr *ia = NULL;
	struct sockaddr *sa;
	struct sockaddr_in *sin = NULL;
	int error = 0;

	sa = &ifr->ifr_addr;
	if (sa->sa_family == AF_INET) {
		sa->sa_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
		error = in_sa2sin(sa, &sin);
		if (error)
			return (error);
	}

	NET_LOCK_SHARED();

	TAILQ_FOREACH(ifa, &ifp->if_addrlist, ifa_list) {
		if (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family != AF_INET)
			continue;
		/* find first address or exact match */
		if (ia == NULL)
			ia = ifatoia(ifa);
		if (sin == NULL || sin->sin_addr.s_addr == INADDR_ANY)
			break;
		if (ifatoia(ifa)->ia_addr.sin_addr.s_addr ==
		    sin->sin_addr.s_addr) {
			ia = ifatoia(ifa);
			break;
		}
	}
	if (ia == NULL) {
		error = EADDRNOTAVAIL;
		goto err;
	}

	switch(cmd) {
	case SIOCGIFADDR:
		*satosin(&ifr->ifr_addr) = ia->ia_addr;
		break;

	case SIOCGIFBRDADDR:
		if ((ifp->if_flags & IFF_BROADCAST) == 0) {
			error = EINVAL;
			break;
		}
		*satosin(&ifr->ifr_dstaddr) = ia->ia_broadaddr;
		break;

	case SIOCGIFDSTADDR:
		if ((ifp->if_flags & IFF_POINTOPOINT) == 0) {
			error = EINVAL;
			break;
		}
		*satosin(&ifr->ifr_dstaddr) = ia->ia_dstaddr;
		break;

	case SIOCGIFNETMASK:
		*satosin(&ifr->ifr_addr) = ia->ia_sockmask;
		break;

	default:
		panic("%s: invalid ioctl %lu", __func__, cmd);
	}

err:
	NET_UNLOCK_SHARED();
	return (error);
}

/*
 * Delete any existing route for an interface.
 */
void
in_ifscrub(struct ifnet *ifp, struct in_ifaddr *ia)
{
	if (ISSET(ifp->if_flags, IFF_POINTOPOINT))
		in_scrubhost(ia, &ia->ia_dstaddr);
	else if (!ISSET(ifp->if_flags, IFF_LOOPBACK))
		in_remove_prefix(ia);
}

/*
 * Initialize an interface's internet address
 * and routing table entry.
 */
int
in_ifinit(struct ifnet *ifp, struct in_ifaddr *ia, struct sockaddr_in *sin,
    int newaddr)
{
	u_int32_t i = sin->sin_addr.s_addr;
	struct sockaddr_in oldaddr;
	int error = 0, rterror;

	NET_ASSERT_LOCKED();

	/*
	 * Always remove the address from the tree to make sure its
	 * position gets updated in case the key changes.
	 */
	if (!newaddr) {
		rt_ifa_dellocal(&ia->ia_ifa);
		ifa_del(ifp, &ia->ia_ifa);
	}
	oldaddr = ia->ia_addr;
	ia->ia_addr = *sin;

	if (ia->ia_netmask == 0) {
		if (IN_CLASSA(i))
			ia->ia_netmask = IN_CLASSA_NET;
		else if (IN_CLASSB(i))
			ia->ia_netmask = IN_CLASSB_NET;
		else
			ia->ia_netmask = IN_CLASSC_NET;
		ia->ia_sockmask.sin_addr.s_addr = ia->ia_netmask;
	}

	/*
	 * Give the interface a chance to initialize
	 * if this is its first address,
	 * and to validate the address if necessary.
	 */
	if ((error = (*ifp->if_ioctl)(ifp, SIOCSIFADDR, (caddr_t)ia))) {
		ia->ia_addr = oldaddr;
	}

	/*
	 * Add the address to the local list and the global tree.  If an
	 * error occurred, put back the original address.
	 */
	ifa_add(ifp, &ia->ia_ifa);
	rterror = rt_ifa_addlocal(&ia->ia_ifa);

	if (rterror) {
		if (!newaddr)
			ifa_del(ifp, &ia->ia_ifa);
		if (!error)
			error = rterror;
		goto out;
	}
	if (error)
		goto out;


	ia->ia_net = i & ia->ia_netmask;
	in_socktrim(&ia->ia_sockmask);
	/*
	 * Add route for the network.
	 */
	ia->ia_ifa.ifa_metric = ifp->if_metric;
	if (ISSET(ifp->if_flags, IFF_BROADCAST)) {
		if (IN_RFC3021_SUBNET(ia->ia_netmask))
			ia->ia_broadaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = 0;
		else {
			ia->ia_broadaddr.sin_addr.s_addr =
			    ia->ia_net | ~ia->ia_netmask;
		}
	}

	if (ISSET(ifp->if_flags, IFF_POINTOPOINT)) {
		/* XXX We should not even call in_ifinit() in this case. */
		if (ia->ia_dstaddr.sin_family != AF_INET)
			goto out;
		error = in_addhost(ia, &ia->ia_dstaddr);
	} else if (!ISSET(ifp->if_flags, IFF_LOOPBACK)) {
		error = in_insert_prefix(ia);
	}

	/*
	 * If the interface supports multicast, join the "all hosts"
	 * multicast group on that interface.
	 */
	if ((ifp->if_flags & IFF_MULTICAST) && ia->ia_allhosts == NULL) {
		struct in_addr addr;

		addr.s_addr = INADDR_ALLHOSTS_GROUP;
		ia->ia_allhosts = in_addmulti(&addr, ifp);
	}

out:
	if (error && newaddr)
		in_purgeaddr(&ia->ia_ifa);

	return (error);
}

void
in_purgeaddr(struct ifaddr *ifa)
{
	struct ifnet *ifp = ifa->ifa_ifp;
	struct in_ifaddr *ia = ifatoia(ifa);

	NET_ASSERT_LOCKED();

	in_ifscrub(ifp, ia);

	rt_ifa_dellocal(&ia->ia_ifa);
	rt_ifa_purge(&ia->ia_ifa);
	ifa_del(ifp, &ia->ia_ifa);

	if (ia->ia_allhosts != NULL) {
		in_delmulti(ia->ia_allhosts);
		ia->ia_allhosts = NULL;
	}

	ia->ia_ifp = NULL;
	ifafree(&ia->ia_ifa);
}

int
in_addhost(struct in_ifaddr *ia, struct sockaddr_in *dst)
{
	return rt_ifa_add(&ia->ia_ifa, RTF_HOST | RTF_MPATH,
	    sintosa(dst), ia->ia_ifa.ifa_ifp->if_rdomain);
}

int
in_scrubhost(struct in_ifaddr *ia, struct sockaddr_in *dst)
{
	return rt_ifa_del(&ia->ia_ifa, RTF_HOST,
	    sintosa(dst), ia->ia_ifa.ifa_ifp->if_rdomain);
}

/*
 * Insert the cloning and broadcast routes for this subnet.
 */
int
in_insert_prefix(struct in_ifaddr *ia)
{
	struct ifaddr *ifa = &ia->ia_ifa;
	int error;

	error = rt_ifa_add(ifa, RTF_CLONING | RTF_CONNECTED | RTF_MPATH,
	    ifa->ifa_addr, ifa->ifa_ifp->if_rdomain);
	if (error)
		return (error);

	if (ia->ia_broadaddr.sin_addr.s_addr != 0) {
		error = rt_ifa_add(ifa, RTF_HOST | RTF_BROADCAST | RTF_MPATH,
		    ifa->ifa_broadaddr, ifa->ifa_ifp->if_rdomain);
	}

	return (error);
}

void
in_remove_prefix(struct in_ifaddr *ia)
{
	struct ifaddr *ifa = &ia->ia_ifa;

	rt_ifa_del(ifa, RTF_CLONING | RTF_CONNECTED,
	    ifa->ifa_addr, ifa->ifa_ifp->if_rdomain);

	if (ia->ia_broadaddr.sin_addr.s_addr != 0) {
		rt_ifa_del(ifa, RTF_HOST | RTF_BROADCAST,
		    ifa->ifa_broadaddr, ifa->ifa_ifp->if_rdomain);
	}
}

/*
 * Return 1 if the address is a local broadcast address.
 */
int
in_broadcast(struct in_addr in, u_int rtableid)
{
	struct ifnet *ifn;
	struct ifaddr *ifa;
	u_int rdomain;

	NET_ASSERT_LOCKED();

	rdomain = rtable_l2(rtableid);

#define ia (ifatoia(ifa))
	TAILQ_FOREACH(ifn, &ifnetlist, if_list) {
		if (ifn->if_rdomain != rdomain)
			continue;
		if ((ifn->if_flags & IFF_BROADCAST) == 0)
			continue;
		TAILQ_FOREACH(ifa, &ifn->if_addrlist, ifa_list)
			if (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family == AF_INET &&
			    in.s_addr != ia->ia_addr.sin_addr.s_addr &&
			    in.s_addr == ia->ia_broadaddr.sin_addr.s_addr)
				return 1;
	}
	return (0);
#undef ia
}

/*
 * Look up the in_multi record for a given IP multicast address
 * on a given interface.  Return the matching record if found or NULL.
 */
struct in_multi *
in_lookupmulti(const struct in_addr *addr, struct ifnet *ifp)
{
	struct in_multi *inm = NULL;
	struct ifmaddr *ifma;

	NET_ASSERT_LOCKED();

	TAILQ_FOREACH(ifma, &ifp->if_maddrlist, ifma_list) {
		if (ifma->ifma_addr->sa_family == AF_INET &&
		    ifmatoinm(ifma)->inm_addr.s_addr == addr->s_addr) {
			inm = ifmatoinm(ifma);
			break;
		}
	}
	return (inm);
}

/*
 * Add an address to the list of IP multicast addresses for a given interface.
 */
struct in_multi *
in_addmulti(const struct in_addr *addr, struct ifnet *ifp)
{
	struct in_multi *inm;
	struct ifreq ifr;

	/*
	 * See if address already in list.
	 */
	inm = in_lookupmulti(addr, ifp);
	if (inm != NULL) {
		/*
		 * Found it; just increment the reference count.
		 */
		refcnt_take(&inm->inm_refcnt);
	} else {
		/*
		 * New address; allocate a new multicast record
		 * and link it into the interface's multicast list.
		 */
		inm = malloc(sizeof(*inm), M_IPMADDR, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
		inm->inm_sin.sin_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
		inm->inm_sin.sin_family = AF_INET;
		inm->inm_sin.sin_addr = *addr;
		refcnt_init_trace(&inm->inm_refcnt, DT_REFCNT_IDX_IFMADDR);
		inm->inm_ifidx = ifp->if_index;
		inm->inm_ifma.ifma_addr = sintosa(&inm->inm_sin);

		/*
		 * Ask the network driver to update its multicast reception
		 * filter appropriately for the new address.
		 */
		memset(&ifr, 0, sizeof(ifr));
		memcpy(&ifr.ifr_addr, &inm->inm_sin, sizeof(inm->inm_sin));
		KERNEL_LOCK();
		if ((*ifp->if_ioctl)(ifp, SIOCADDMULTI,(caddr_t)&ifr) != 0) {
			KERNEL_UNLOCK();
			free(inm, M_IPMADDR, sizeof(*inm));
			return (NULL);
		}
		KERNEL_UNLOCK();

		TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&ifp->if_maddrlist, &inm->inm_ifma,
		    ifma_list);

		/*
		 * Let IGMP know that we have joined a new IP multicast group.
		 */
		igmp_joingroup(inm, ifp);
	}

	return (inm);
}

/*
 * Delete a multicast address record.
 */
void
in_delmulti(struct in_multi *inm)
{
	struct ifreq ifr;
	struct ifnet *ifp;

	NET_ASSERT_LOCKED();

	if (refcnt_rele(&inm->inm_refcnt) == 0)
		return;

	ifp = if_get(inm->inm_ifidx);
	if (ifp != NULL) {
		/*
		 * No remaining claims to this record; let IGMP know that
		 * we are leaving the multicast group.
		 */
		igmp_leavegroup(inm, ifp);

		/*
		 * Notify the network driver to update its multicast
		 * reception filter.
		 */
		memset(&ifr, 0, sizeof(ifr));
		satosin(&ifr.ifr_addr)->sin_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
		satosin(&ifr.ifr_addr)->sin_family = AF_INET;
		satosin(&ifr.ifr_addr)->sin_addr = inm->inm_addr;
		KERNEL_LOCK();
		(*ifp->if_ioctl)(ifp, SIOCDELMULTI, (caddr_t)&ifr);
		KERNEL_UNLOCK();

		TAILQ_REMOVE(&ifp->if_maddrlist, &inm->inm_ifma, ifma_list);
	}
	if_put(ifp);

	free(inm, M_IPMADDR, sizeof(*inm));
}

/*
 * Return 1 if the multicast group represented by ``addr'' has been
 * joined by interface ``ifp'', 0 otherwise.
 */
int
in_hasmulti(const struct in_addr *addr, struct ifnet *ifp)
{
	struct in_multi *inm;
	int joined;

	inm = in_lookupmulti(addr, ifp);
	joined = (inm != NULL);

	return (joined);
}

void
in_ifdetach(struct ifnet *ifp)
{
	struct ifaddr *ifa, *next;

	/* nuke any of IPv4 addresses we have */
	TAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(ifa, &ifp->if_addrlist, ifa_list, next) {
		if (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family != AF_INET)
			continue;
		in_purgeaddr(ifa);
		if_addrhooks_run(ifp);
	}

	if (ifp->if_xflags & IFXF_AUTOCONF4)
		ifp->if_xflags &= ~IFXF_AUTOCONF4;
}

void
in_prefixlen2mask(struct in_addr *maskp, int plen)
{
	if (plen == 0)
		maskp->s_addr = 0;
	else
		maskp->s_addr = htonl(0xffffffff << (32 - plen));
}