"""NTCP2 listener, connector, and connection manager.

Provides the server-side listener (NTCP2Listener) that accepts incoming
NTCP2 connections, the client-side connector (NTCP2Connector) that
initiates outbound connections, and a ConnectionManager for tracking
active peer connections.

All handshake messages are length-framed on the wire using a 2-byte
big-endian length prefix during the Noise_XK handshake phase.
"""

import asyncio
import struct
from typing import Callable, Awaitable

from i2p_transport.ntcp2_connection import NTCP2Connection
from i2p_transport.ntcp2_handshake import NTCP2Handshake


# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Handshake wire helpers — 2-byte big-endian length prefix
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

async def _send_handshake_msg(writer: asyncio.StreamWriter, msg: bytes) -> None:
    """Send a handshake message with a 2-byte big-endian length prefix."""
    writer.write(struct.pack("!H", len(msg)) + msg)
    await writer.drain()


async def _recv_handshake_msg(reader: asyncio.StreamReader) -> bytes:
    """Receive a handshake message (2-byte length prefix, then payload)."""
    length_bytes = await reader.readexactly(2)
    length = struct.unpack("!H", length_bytes)[0]
    return await reader.readexactly(length)


# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# ConnectionManager
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

class ConnectionManager:
    """Tracks active NTCP2 connections keyed by peer hash."""

    def __init__(self) -> None:
        self._connections: dict[bytes, NTCP2Connection] = {}

    def add(self, peer_hash: bytes, connection: NTCP2Connection) -> None:
        """Store a connection for the given peer hash."""
        self._connections[peer_hash] = connection

    def get(self, peer_hash: bytes) -> NTCP2Connection | None:
        """Retrieve a connection by peer hash, or None if not found."""
        return self._connections.get(peer_hash)

    def remove(self, peer_hash: bytes) -> None:
        """Remove a connection by peer hash (no-op if not present)."""
        self._connections.pop(peer_hash, None)

    def active_count(self) -> int:
        """Return the number of tracked connections."""
        return len(self._connections)

    def all_peer_hashes(self) -> list[bytes]:
        """Return a list of all tracked peer hashes."""
        return list(self._connections.keys())

    def close_all(self) -> None:
        """Close all connections synchronously (calls writer.close())."""
        for conn in self._connections.values():
            conn._writer.close()
        self._connections.clear()


# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# NTCP2Listener — accepts incoming connections
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

class NTCP2Listener:
    """Listens for incoming NTCP2 connections and performs the responder handshake.

    Args:
        host: Bind address (e.g. "0.0.0.0" or "127.0.0.1").
        port: Bind port (use 0 to let the OS pick a free port).
        our_static: (private_key, public_key) X25519 keypair.
        on_connection: Optional async callback invoked with each new
                       NTCP2Connection after a successful handshake.
    """

    def __init__(
        self,
        host: str,
        port: int,
        our_static: tuple[bytes, bytes],
        on_connection: Callable[[NTCP2Connection], Awaitable[None]] | None = None,
    ) -> None:
        self._host = host
        self._port = port
        self._our_static = our_static
        self._on_connection = on_connection

    async def start(self) -> asyncio.Server:
        """Start listening and return the asyncio.Server object."""
        server = await asyncio.start_server(
            self._handle_client, self._host, self._port
        )
        return server

    async def _handle_client(
        self, reader: asyncio.StreamReader, writer: asyncio.StreamWriter
    ) -> None:
        """Run the Noise_XK handshake as responder, then notify callback."""
        try:
            hs = NTCP2Handshake(
                our_static=self._our_static,
                peer_static_pub=None,
                initiator=False,
            )

            # Responder: read msg1, send msg2, read msg3
            msg1 = await _recv_handshake_msg(reader)
            msg2 = hs.process_message_1(msg1)
            await _send_handshake_msg(writer, msg2)

            msg3 = await _recv_handshake_msg(reader)
            hs.process_message_3(msg3)

            # Derive transport cipher states
            send_cipher, recv_cipher = hs.split()

            conn = NTCP2Connection(
                reader=reader,
                writer=writer,
                cipher_send=send_cipher,
                cipher_recv=recv_cipher,
                remote_hash=hs.remote_static_key() or b"",
            )

            if self._on_connection is not None:
                await self._on_connection(conn)

        except Exception:
            writer.close()


# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# NTCP2Connector — initiates outbound connections
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

class NTCP2Connector:
    """Connects to a remote NTCP2 peer and performs the initiator handshake."""

    async def connect(
        self,
        host: str,
        port: int,
        our_static: tuple[bytes, bytes],
        peer_static_pub: bytes,
    ) -> NTCP2Connection:
        """Open a TCP connection and perform the Noise_XK handshake as initiator.

        Args:
            host: Remote host address.
            port: Remote port.
            our_static: (private_key, public_key) X25519 keypair.
            peer_static_pub: Remote peer's static X25519 public key.

        Returns:
            An established NTCP2Connection ready for frame exchange.

        Raises:
            ConnectionRefusedError: If the TCP connection cannot be established.
        """
        reader, writer = await asyncio.open_connection(host, port)

        try:
            hs = NTCP2Handshake(
                our_static=our_static,
                peer_static_pub=peer_static_pub,
                initiator=True,
            )

            # Initiator: send msg1, read msg2, send msg3
            msg1 = hs.create_message_1()
            await _send_handshake_msg(writer, msg1)

            msg2 = await _recv_handshake_msg(reader)
            msg3 = hs.process_message_2(msg2)
            await _send_handshake_msg(writer, msg3)

            # Derive transport cipher states
            send_cipher, recv_cipher = hs.split()

            return NTCP2Connection(
                reader=reader,
                writer=writer,
                cipher_send=send_cipher,
                cipher_recv=recv_cipher,
                remote_hash=peer_static_pub,
            )

        except Exception:
            writer.close()
            raise